100results about How to "High positive charge density" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for preparing an anti-pollution polysulfone porous membrane by self-assembling immobilization of metal ions. According to surface electrical load properties of a membrane prepared from a polysulfone material, an amino-containing compound with high positive charge density and hydrophily is used as a modification material, the modification material is adsorbed by the surface of the polysulfone porous membrane under electrostatic interaction, through a large amount of amino groups of the modification material, the modification material and Cu<2+>, Zn<2+> or Ag<+> of an inorganic antibacterial agent undergo a coordinated complexation reaction, and the inorganic antibacterial agent is immobilized on the modification material molecule by complexation action so that the polysulfone porous membrane with good hydrophily and antibacterial activity is obtained. The prepared polysulfone porous membrane has hydrophily, antibacterial property and pollution resistance. The method has simple processes, does not need complex equipment and is suitable for industrial scale application. The porous membrane can be widely used in water treatment in the field of environment, chemical engineering, foods and medicine.

The invention discloses a high-solid content polyamide polyamine epichlorohydrin wet strength agent, as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: performing condensation on a dibasic acid and a diamine under the action of an acidic catalyst to get a polyamide polyamine intermediate; enabling the polyamide polyamine intermediate, an organic chloride and a cation active monomer or a mixture of the cation active monomer and sodium hydroxide to perform nucleophilic addition reaction to get a high-viscosity cation polymer; and further adding water-soluble hydroxy amine to react and regulating pH with an acid to get the high-solid content polyamide polyamine epichlorohydrin wet strength agent. The obtained wet strength agent has the advantages of high solid content above 40% (in percentage by weight), high charge density, stability in storage, great wet-strengthening performance and few chlorine-containing byproducts, and can be applied in papermaking wet-end chemistry process.

The invention provides a sugar-making decolorizing purifier, containing a high-molecular weight aluminum polymer shown by the general formula: Ala(OH)bXc, where X is selected from one or several ones of monovalent or bivalent acid radical ions: Cl-, ClO-, ClO4-, Br-, NO3-, SO42-, H2PO4-, HPO42-, HCOO- and CH3COO-, and the ratio of a to b to c = 1 : 2.1 : 0.9 -1 : 2.9 : 0.1. It contains 20-60% macromolecular polymer or colloid particles with molecular weight 5X10 to the power 4-1X10 to the power 5, 40-80% multinuclear hydroxy aluminic complex polymer with molecular weight less than 1X10 to the power 4, and 0-10% hexaccordianted hydrated aluminum ions or mononuclear hydroxy aluminic complex. Its basicity is 70-93%. It can be applied to decolorizing and purifying process of different-stage and different-color value sugar juices. It has high decoloration ratio, good effect of eliminate colloids, improving sugar product quality and can directly produce refined white sugars by sugarcane, sugar beets, etc.

The invention provides a method for preparing a magnetic hydrophobic modified cationic polyacrylamide oil-removing flocculating agent and belongs to the technical field of environmental-friendly water treatment. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving dodecyl glucoside (or cocoanut fatty acid diethanolamide), dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, acrylamide and a photoinitiator in water, regulating the pH value, introducing nitrogen and sealing the reactor, performing photopolymerization under a low-voltage ultraviolet lamp so as to produce lacteous colloid; and dissolving the colloid in ultrapure water, adding magnetic nanometer iron oxide particles and ammonium persulfate to stir, washing, drying, grinding, and finally obtaining the black powdered oil-removing flocculating agent. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the polymerization time is short, the reaction temperature is low, condensation cooling is not needed, and energy conservation and consumption reduction are realized; due to the introduction of a hydrophobic monomer, the hydrophilic property of the flocculating agent is reduced, the adsorptive property of oil substances is enhanced, and the demulsification ability of the flocculating agent is enhanced; and due to the introduced magnetic nanometer iron oxide particles, under the action of an additional magnetic field, the flocculating agent is high in settling speed and easy to separate.

The invention discloses quaternized chitosan/siRNA (small interfering Ribonucleic Acid) composite particles and a preparation method thereof. Electrostatic interaction between a quaternary ammonium group with positive charges and a siRNA molecule with negative charges on quaternized chitosan is used as driving power; molecule self-assembly is initiated in a water phase through vortex oscillation; and the high-bioactivity quaternized chitosan/siRNA composite particles with controllable size and surface charge are prepared by adjusting and controlling parameters such as molecular charge ratio, incubation temperature and incubation time. According to the quaternized chitosan/siRNA composite particles and the preparation method thereof, the quaternized chitosan is used as a siRNA transfer carrier, and the material has low cytotoxicity, wide source and low cost; a preparation process of the composite particles has mild conditions and is simple and practical; and the bioactivity of the siRNA can be effectively kept. The siRNA used for preparing the composite particles can be effectively intaken by cells and a mum effect of the target gene can be induced aiming at specific design of a target gene; and the composite particles have good application prospect in the fields of cancer treatment, tissue regeneration and repair and the like.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a reactive gemini quaternary ammonium salt leather bactericide. The preparation method comprises the following three steps: first step, carrying out esterification reaction on bromoacetyl bromide and fatty alcohol to generate bromine acetate; second step, carrying out nucleophilic substitution on trans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene and diethylamine to generate trans-N,N,N',N'-tetraethyl-2-butene-1,4-diamine; and third step, carrying out quaterisation on products obtained from the first two steps to obtain a reactive gemini quaternary ammonium salt. The preparation method is easy to operate, the yield of products is high, the cost of raw materials is low, the practicality is high, and moreover, a method for synthesizing diamine intermediate in the second step provides a new thinking and new method for synthesis of the gemini quaternary ammonium salt. Owing to existing of prepared bactericide molecular structure ester groups, the sterilizing property is improved, and biodegradability can be good. In addition, owing to existing of active groups C=C in the structure, the chemical activity of the gemini quaternary ammonium salt is improved, the gemini quaternary ammonium salt can be further chemically bounded into skin collagen and leather coating resin materials, and the long-lasting sterilizing property can be achieved.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a hydrophilic and antibacterial dual-modified ultrafiltration membrane, belonging to the technical field of ultrafiltration membranes. The invention aims to solve the problem that conventional ultrafiltration membrane materials are difficult to realize hydrophilic and antibacterial dual modification at the same time. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a condensing agent and 3-dimethylaminopropylamine into a graphene oxide suspension for a reaction, adding a cleaned reactant and long-chain halogenated alkane into an organic solvent, and carrying out a sufficient reaction at 20-80 DEG C for 8-24 hours to obtain a quaternized graphene oxide modifier; and 2, adding the quaternized graphene oxide modifierinto an organic solvent, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a GO-Q suspension, dissolving a polymeric membrane matrix material and a membrane modifier into the GO-Q suspension to obtain a uniform membrane casting solution, and carrying out casting molding. The ultrafiltration membrane with the double functions of hydrophilicity and antibacterial performance is prepared by an immersion precipitation phase inversion method; and the modified ultrafiltration membrane shows better mechanical properties, water treatment performance, hydrophilicity and antibacterial performance.

The invention discloses a bactericidal algicide as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The bactericidal algicide is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 15 parts of 2-hydroxyl-2, 3, 5-trichlorobenzophenone, 5 to 10 parts of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3-ketone, 6 to 12 parts of sodium dichloroisocyanurate, 6.2 to 10.6 parts of modified zincsulfide, 10 to 15 parts of modified attapulgite, 2.6 to 4.6 parts of an adhesive, 4.8 to 8.6 parts of a penetrating agent and 10 to 20 parts of deionized water. The penetrating agent comprises the following components: a gemini quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, polyethylene glycol, animal glue, sodium diethylhexyl sulfosuccinate and squalane. The bactericidal algicide provided by theinvention has the advantages of long efficacy time, good bactericidal and algicidal effects, adsorption of heavy metal ions and prevention of corrosion of a heat exchanger.

The invention relates to ester-containing quaternary ammonium salt modified montmorillonite and a preparation method thereof. The ester-containing quaternary ammonium salt modified montmorillonite is prepared by the following steps: 1) adding montmorillonite powder into deionized water, sufficiently stirring to obtain 30-60g/L dispersion liquid, adding an ester-containing quaternary ammonium salt surfactant, heating to 70-85 DEG C, sufficiently stirring and performing reflux condensation reaction for 2-4 hours to obtain uniform suspension; and 2) performing uniform ultrasonic dispersion of the suspension, performing centrifugal separation to remove supernatant liquid to obtain a precipitate, washing the obtained precipitate and drying to obtain a lamellar solid, and grinding to obtain the ester-containing quaternary ammonium salt modified montmorillonite. The method provided by the invention is easy to operate and can effectively open the interlamellar spacing of montmorillonite; and due to the ester group, the ester-containing quaternary ammonium salt modified montmorillonite has good organic compatibility and degradability.

The invention relates to a method for treating feedwater raw water in urban water area and tap water factory, and in particular relates to flocculant applicable to low-temperature low-turbidity feedwater raw water, which belongs to the technical field of feedwater raw water treatment process. The treatment method comprises the steps of adding lime milk into the feedwater raw water, adjusting the pH value to be 8 to 8.5, adding sodium silicate and sulfuric acid, mixing through a high-speed stirrer to obtain a liquid, wherein the addition ratio of raw water is 0.01 to 0.05wt%, maintaining the instant viscosity of the mixed liquid to be less than 50mPa.S, maintaining the pH value at 8 to 8.5 for 2 minutes, blowing air or carbon dioxide, lowering the pH value to 7.5 to 7.8, discharging the raw water into a settling pool or an air floatation pool to separate the water and mud, and filtering the mud through a piece of filter cloth or a vacuum suction filter. Through the enhanced coagulation, the removal range and the removal rate of organic matters can be further enlarged and improved by improving the coagulation condition. The pollutant treatment range is wide, the effect is good, the production raw material is widely sourced, the cost is low, the performance is stable, and no environment pollution is produced.

The invention relates to an enhanced disposal method applicable to wastewater of water-based cutting fluids. The method can effectively achieve removal of organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater. According to the method, a combined process of physical oil separation, demulsification coagulation, ozone catalysis and flocculation sedimentation is adopted, a cationic demulsificationcoagulant is utilized to fully neutralize the surface charges of emulsified oil droplets, destroy hydration membranes of the emulsified oil droplets, compress an electric double layer, increase the collision probability among the oil droplets and thus accelerate the destabilization and demulsification of emulsified oil, and more free radicals of active hydroxyl are generated in combination with the decomposition rate of ozone under the action of a heterogeneous ternary composite ozone catalyst. In this way, catalyzation of organic pollutants in ozonized water is facilitated, the mineralization rate of organic matter is greatly increased, and the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved significantly.

The invention provides a nano xylan-based graft copolymer and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of wood preservation. Firstly, nano xylan is prepared bytaking xylan as a raw material; meanwhile, by combining the space structure of the nano xylan, a quaternary ammonium salt monomer is grafted onto nano-xylan through an ATRP (Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization) 'from-main-chain grafting method' to prepare a nano-xylan-based grafted copolymer, namely quaternary ammonium groups with good bactericidal performance are grafted onto hydroxyl groups ona nanometer xylan main chain by chemical modification, so that the nano xylan is endowed with a wider application field; the prepared nano xylan quaternary ammonium-based graft copolymer has strong bactericidal performance and corrosion resistance, can be used as a natural biological preservative to perform preservative treatment on wood, has important significance in effectively utilizing naturalrenewable resources and reducing environmental pollution, opens an innovative thought for industrially utilizing plant resources such as forestry and agricultural residues, and has remarkable socialand economic benefits.

The invention provides a three-dimensional star-shaped alpha-helix polypeptide with high-efficiency gene delivery capability, and a preparation method and application thereof. Dendritic molecules areused as an initiator and dichloromethane is used as a reaction solvent to initiate high-speed ring-opening polymerization of different types of N-carboxylic anhydride monomers, and groups with different electric properties are introduced at the tail ends through a click chemical reaction. Rich amino groups on the surfaces of the dendrimers provide enough polymerization sites, so that the polypeptide forms a three-dimensional spherical topological structure, and meanwhile, the topological structure provides an opportunity for acceleration of the initial stage of a ring-opening polymerization reaction. The polypeptide side chain modified guanidino/amino groups and the like bring higher positive charge density, high-efficiency gene loading capacity can be obtained through electrostatic interaction between positive charges and negative charges, and an alpha spiral rigid structure on a secondary structure is enhanced, so that the polypeptide has higher membrane penetrating capacity. The polypeptide has a great development prospect in the field of biomedical materials, particularly gene delivery through properties of the polypeptide.

The invention relates to a novel high-flux positively charged nanofiltration membrane and a preparation method thereof. The novel high-flux positively charged nanofiltration membrane comprises a porous supporting layer and a positively charged nanofiltration selection layer; the positively charged nanofiltration selection layer is formed by carrying out interfacial polymerization reaction on a water phase solution and an oil phase solution and then carrying out heat treatment; the water phase solution is a water solution containing a hydrophilic polyamine monomer and an water phase additive, and the water phase additive comprises a surfactant and a proton receiving agent; the oil phase solution is a solution obtained by dissolving an acyl chloride monomer in an organic solvent. The nanofiltration membrane prepared by the preparation method is large in flux, stable in performance, high in desalting rate and relatively high in positive ion removal rate. In addition, the preparation method is simple and easy to control, relatively good in reproducibility, short in preparation time and low in preparation cost, and is favorable for realizing the production of the industrial high-flux positively charged nanofiltration membrane.

The invention provides an efficient anti-swelling swelled shrinkage agent for stratum treatment. The efficient anti-swelling swelled shrinkage agent for stratum treatment is prepared from the following substances (by weight): 30-55% of an organic polymer, 8-20% of inorganic salt, 2-8% of a fluorocarbon surfactant and the rest of water. The sum of weight percentages of the above substances is 100%. The prepared efficient anti-swelling swelled shrinkage agent for stratum treatment has strong adsorption capacity, good anti-swelling effect and scouring resistance. By the use of the fluorocarbon surfactant, interfacial tension can be reduced, capillary of an oil layer can be effectively dredged, and water locking phenomenon can be prevented. The product can be resistant to high temperature of 300 DEG C, can adapt to the anti-swelling process of low-permeability oil reservoir and has an excellent anti-swelling effect on oil reservoir with abnormal water sensitivity and velocity sensitivity.

The invention provides a long-acting anti-swelling agent for oil field fracturing and a preparing method and application thereof .The long-acting anti-swelling agent is prepared from, by mass, 50-65% of surfactant, 2-5% of an organic anti-swelling agent, 5-15% of inorganic anti-swelling agent and 15-43% of water .The formation damage rate of the long-acting anti-swelling agent is smaller than 8.6%, and the long-acting anti-swelling agent is small in formation damage, long in anti-swelling cycle and high in compatibility with fracturing liquid.

The invention discloses a reactive dye colorfastness-to-bleeding improving agent, as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The reactive dye colorfastness-to-bleeding improving agent isprepared from the components: 50 to 70 parts of component A, and 30 to 50 parts of component B, wherein the component A comprises 10 to 30 parts of acrylamide, 5 to 10 parts of urea, 10 to 30 parts of methacrylic acid, 5 to 15 parts of stearic acid, 10 to 40 parts of polyethylene polyamine, 10 to 30 parts of distilled water, 5 to 15 parts of ammonium chloride, and 0.5 to 2 parts of initiator; thecomponent B comprises 5 to 10 parts of non-ionic surface active agent, 20 to 30 parts of quaternary ammonium salt, 40 to 80 parts of distilled water, and 1 to 5 parts of acidifier. The invention further provides the preparation method and the application of the reactive dye colorfastness-to-bleeding improving agent. According to the reactive dye colorfastness-to-bleeding improving agent, as wellas the preparation method and the application thereof provided by the invention, a dye is firmly fixed to the surface of a fabric, the adverse effect of metal ions on colorfastness to bleeding is effectively avoided, the surface tension of water is greatly reduced, the reactive dye is uniformly distributed on the fabric, a dyeing effect is good, the use performance is excellent, and the cost performance is high.

The invention discloses a macromolecule skin penetration enhancer as well as a preparation method and applications thereof. The preparation method comprises the followings step of: linking HP-beta-CD (hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin) with PEI (polyethyleneimine) by utilizing GMA (glycidyl methacrylate), thereby synthesizing the novel skin penetration enhancer, namely HP-beta-CD-GMA-PEI. Through HP-beta-CD-GMA-PEI treatment, cuticle protein cell viability is improved, so that a keratin accumulation structure becomes loose, and the degree of freedom of the corresponding carbon motion is improved, so that the keratin carbon motion is accelerated. Under the same concentration, compared with azone, the HP-beta-CD-GMA-PEI has a better skin penetration effect, and when the concentration is increased by one time, the skin penetration effect is better.

The invention provides a flocculation and sterilization difunctional water treatment agent and a preparation method thereof. The flocculation and sterilization difunctional water treatment agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of chitosan, 10-16 parts of citric acid, 15-25 parts of polyferric sulfate, 7-15 parts of carboxyethyl cellulose, 10-20 parts ofa sterilization algicide, 5-15 parts of sodium silicate, 20-30 parts of coal gangue, 10-15 parts of aluminum oxide, 1-3 parts of a stabilizer, 1-3 parts of an accelerator, 5-15 parts of inorganic acid and 90-110 parts of deionized water. The flocculation and sterilization bifunctional water treatment agent has a good flocculation effect, has a good removal effect on metal ions, and also has a good bacterium killing function.