A rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel and a method of use

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of emergency rescue technology and discloses a rescue passage construction device and its usage method for collapsed tunnels. It includes a support pipe, a tunneling device, a muck removal device, and a pipe pressing device. The support pipe is divided into an upper rescue chamber and a lower muck removal chamber by a partition. A retaining plate is detachably connected to the front of the upper rescue chamber. The tunneling device includes a cutterhead and a drive device connected to the partition, which is detachably connected to the cutterhead. The muck removal device is located in the lower muck removal chamber and includes a bulldozer and a conveyor belt behind it. The pipe pressing device is located at the rear end of the support pipe and includes a muck discharge steel plate and a hydraulic push rod. This invention can achieve efficient muck removal and avoid muck contamination of the upper rescue chamber, thus improving the tunneling speed and rescue safety. By removing the cutterhead and retaining plate from the support pipe, the front end of the support pipe can be used as an inlet, reducing the overall diameter of the rescue device and making it suitable for rescues in confined spaces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of emergency rescue technology, specifically relating to a rescue channel construction device and its usage method for collapsed tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Tunnel construction is prone to collapse when encountering weak and fractured strata such as faults and siltstone. Furthermore, operational tunnels can also collapse under the influence of external forces such as earthquakes and landslides, trapping people or vehicles. Traditional rescue methods employ the open-cut method, using heavy machinery to remove obstacles. However, tunnel collapses disrupt traffic, hindering the rapid deployment of heavy machinery. Moreover, improper operation of heavy machinery can cause secondary collapses or injure trapped personnel. Therefore, current technologies often employ the pilot tunnel method. This method involves constructing a rescue passage within the collapsed rock and soil mass, preserving the main structure of the collapsed rock and soil, and offering high mobility.

[0004] For example, existing technology discloses a safe and reliable rapid rescue device after a tunnel collapse. It uses a pipe jacking machine to excavate and steel pipes to form a rescue channel. It uses a radar life detector to locate trapped personnel and uses a belt conveyor to transfer personnel. Compared with the traditional method of large-scale mechanical demolition, it improves rescue efficiency and safety.

[0005] However, the above solution has the following drawbacks: In existing technologies, the soil conveying system of pipe jacking machines is mostly a spiral conveyor pipe. However, when conveying high-viscosity soil, the spiral conveyor pipe is prone to material sticking to the inner wall of the pipe, increasing the conveying resistance and causing blockage, which affects the progress of tunneling. If the above-mentioned solution uses a conveyor belt to discharge soil, it will compress the internal space of the pipe jacking machine. The two conveyor belts are prone to collision failure. Moreover, the high-viscosity soil conveyed by the discharge conveyor belt is prone to scattering and adhesion, which may fall onto the personnel transfer conveyor belt, contaminating the transfer channel and causing safety hazards. In addition, the above-mentioned solution has a hatch reserved at the front end of the pipe jacking machine. The height difference between the hatch and the ground makes it inconvenient to transfer trapped personnel, which restricts the rescue progress. Furthermore, the hatch reserved at the center of the front end of the pipe jacking machine allows personnel to enter and exit, resulting in an excessively large overall size of the pipe jacking machine, which cannot be used for rescue in small spaces. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rescue passage construction device and method for collapsed tunnels, which can solve the technical problems of slow tunneling progress and inability to apply rescue in small spaces in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Firstly, a rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel is provided, comprising: The support pipe is divided into an upper rescue chamber and a lower slag discharge chamber by a partition. A retaining plate can be detachably connected to the front of the upper rescue chamber. The tunneling device includes a cutterhead supporting the front side of the pipeline and a drive unit connected to the partition plate. The drive unit is detachably connected to the cutterhead, and a slag chute is opened on the cutterhead. The slag discharge device is located in the lower slag discharge chamber and includes a bulldozer and a conveyor belt behind the bulldozer. The pipe pressing device is located at the rear end of the supporting pipe and includes a slag discharge steel plate and a hydraulic push rod. The bottom of the slag discharge steel plate has a slag discharge clearance opening corresponding to the lower slag discharge chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the drive device includes a drive motor, the output shaft of which is connected to a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is detachably connected to the cutter head.

[0009] Preferably, the drive motor is mounted on the motor base, the motor base is slidably connected to the partition, and a locking mechanism is provided between the motor base and the partition.

[0010] Preferably, the retaining plate has a clearance groove for the drive shaft to pass through.

[0011] Preferably, limiting baffles are fixedly connected to the front end of the inner wall of the upper rescue cavity and the top surface of the front end of the partition, and the soil retaining plate is installed obliquely on the front side of the limiting baffle.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the tie rod is detachably connected to the rear side of the retaining plate, and the other end of the tie rod is hinged to the top of the inner wall of the upper rescue cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the rear end of the support pipe is connected to multiple sections of rescue pipe. The rescue pipe has the same diameter as the support pipe. The rescue pipe is also divided into upper and lower layers by a partition, and a conveyor belt is also installed inside the rescue pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the conveyor belts installed inside the support pipe and the rescue pipe are inclined upward along the slag discharge direction, the conveyor belts of adjacent pipes are connected at different heights, and the overlapping areas of adjacent conveyor belts overlap.

[0015] Preferably, the cutter head is a rotating disk with several cutters, and multiple slag grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cutter head, with the slag grooves being opened between adjacent cutters.

[0016] Secondly, a method for using the aforementioned rescue passage construction device for collapsed tunnels is provided, comprising the following steps: The reaction wall is poured, the support pipe is hoisted and the retaining plate and tunneling device are installed, and the slag discharge steel plate and hydraulic push rod are installed between the support pipe and the reaction wall; the cutterhead is started to rotate while the hydraulic push rod advances, and the excavator transports the slag to the conveyor belt, which continuously discharges it. When the support pipe is advanced to the preset position, the hydraulic push rod drives the slag discharge steel plate to retreat, hoisting the rescue pipe. The rescue pipe is placed coaxially with the support pipe, and the hydraulic push rod drives the slag discharge steel plate to abut the rear end of the rescue pipe, continuing to advance. When the rescue channel reaches the trapped area, disconnect the drive shaft from the cutter head, release the lock of the motor base, slide the drive motor backward, remove the pull rod to remove the retaining plate, open the upper rescue chamber to form a rescue channel, and carry out the transfer and rescue operation for the trapped personnel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are: The device disclosed in this invention physically isolates the upper rescue chamber from the lower muck discharge chamber via a partition. A muck discharge device combining a bulldozer and a conveyor belt is installed in the lower muck discharge chamber. A cutterhead is positioned in front of the device, and its drive unit is installed inside the upper rescue chamber, with the drive unit detachably connected to the cutterhead. A retaining plate is detachably connected to the front end of the upper rescue chamber. This invention enables continuous and efficient discharge of muck from the lower muck discharge chamber, preventing blockage, and also avoids muck contamination of the upper rescue chamber, thus improving the speed and safety of the rescue tunnel excavation. Furthermore, by removing the cutterhead and retaining plate from the supporting pipe, the front end of the supporting pipe can be used directly as the inlet, thereby reducing the overall diameter of the rescue device and making it suitable for rescue operations in confined spaces. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the supporting pipe in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the rescue pipeline and pressure device according to Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of the retaining plate in the supporting pipe according to Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the conveyor belt in the support pipe and rescue pipe of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a front view of the cutter head according to Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 of the present invention; In the picture: 1. Cutterhead; 2. Retaining plate; 3. Support pipe; 4. Drive motor; 5. Partition plate; 6. Conveyor belt; 7. Excavator; 8. Rescue pipe; 9. Slag discharge steel plate; 10. Hydraulic push rod; 11. Drive shaft; 12. Motor base; 13. Cutting tool; 14. Slag trough; 15. Tie rod; 16. Limiting baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it includes a support pipe 3, within which a tunneling device and a muck removal device are installed, and a pipe-pressing device is installed downstream of the support pipe 3. In this embodiment, the support pipe 3 is the main structure used to construct the rescue passage, as... Figure 1 As shown, the interior of the support pipe 3 is divided into an independent upper rescue chamber and a lower muck discharge chamber by a partition 5. The upper rescue chamber is used for the passage of rescue personnel and the transfer of trapped personnel, while the lower muck discharge chamber is specifically used for transporting the excavated soil generated during the tunneling process.

[0023] Understandably, the tunneling device is a core component in constructing a rescue passage, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the tunneling device includes a cutterhead 1 located in front of the support pipe 3, and a drive unit connected to the partition plate. The drive unit is detachably connected to the cutterhead 1, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, a slag trough 14 is provided on the end face of the cutterhead 1. It can be understood that the cutterhead 1 obtains rotational power through the drive device to perform rotary excavation of the rock and soil in front. The excavated slag enters the support pipe 3 through the slag trough 14 on the cutterhead 1. After the rescue passage is opened, the cutterhead 1 can be removed from the drive device, and the front end of the support pipe 3 can be opened to facilitate rescuers or trapped personnel to pass through the upper rescue chamber.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, a detachable retaining plate 2 is connected to the front of the upper rescue chamber. That is, the retaining plate 2 can also be detachably connected between the supporting pipe 3 and the partition 5, and the retaining plate 2 seals the upper rescue chamber. It can be understood that during the tunneling process, the retaining plate 2 plays a role in guiding and blocking the excavated soil, preventing it from entering the upper rescue chamber, and guiding it into the lower muck discharge chamber. After opening the rescue passage, the cutterhead 1 is removed from the drive device, and then the retaining plate 2 is removed from the front end of the upper rescue chamber, which opens the front end of the supporting pipe 3, making it convenient for rescuers or trapped personnel to pass through the upper rescue chamber.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the muck removal device is located in the lower muck removal chamber behind the cutterhead 1, discharging the excavated soil and debris from inside the support pipe 3. The muck removal device includes a bulldozer 7 and a conveyor belt 6 behind the bulldozer 7. The bulldozer 7 collects and transports the excavated soil and debris, while the conveyor belt 6 continuously transports the excavated soil and debris to the outside of the support pipe 3. In this embodiment, the bulldozer 7 is a four-jaw bulldozer, which collects the excavated soil and debris falling into the lower muck removal chamber and transports it onto the conveyor belt 6.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the pipe-pressing device is located at the rear end of the supporting pipe 3 and is used to provide power for the advancement of the supporting pipe 3. The pipe-pressing device includes a slag discharge steel plate 9 and a hydraulic push rod 10. The bottom of the slag discharge steel plate 9 has a slag discharge clearance opening corresponding to the lower slag discharge chamber, allowing slag to be discharged during the advancement process. The hydraulic push rod 10 abuts against the contact steel plate and applies a thrust to move the supporting pipe 3 forward.

[0027] Understandably, compared to the shortcomings of existing technologies where spiral conveyor pipes are prone to material adhesion and blockage, this embodiment uses a slag removal device combining a bulldozer 7 and a conveyor belt 6. A partition 5 physically isolates the upper rescue chamber from the lower slag removal chamber, enabling continuous and efficient discharge of slag from the lower chamber, preventing blockage, and preventing slag contamination of the upper rescue chamber. This increases the excavation speed of the rescue tunnel and improves rescue safety. Furthermore, unlike existing technologies where a hatch is pre-installed at the center of the front end of the pipe jacking machine to allow personnel entry and exit, resulting in an excessively large overall size and hindering rescue operations in confined spaces, this embodiment removes the cutterhead 1 and retaining plate 2 from the support pipe 3. The front end of the support pipe 3 can then be used as an entrance, facilitating the transfer of trapped personnel. Simultaneously, the overall diameter of the rescue device is reduced, enabling rescue operations in confined spaces.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, the drive unit includes a drive motor 4, the output end of which is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft 11. The transmission shaft 11 is detachably connected to the back of the cutterhead 1. It can be understood that the drive motor 4 provides rotational power to the cutterhead 1, driving it to perform tunneling operations. The transmission shaft 11 is responsible for transmitting the power from the drive motor 4 to the cutterhead 1. The detachable connection between the transmission shaft 11 and the cutterhead 1 is crucial for opening the upper rescue chamber. For example, the transmission shaft 11 and the cutterhead 1 can be connected using a splined shaft and splined sleeve, secured by axial bolts. This splined connection can transmit a large torque.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the drive motor 4 is mounted on the motor base 12, which is the supporting structure for the drive motor 4 and is made of a metal frame. The motor base 12 is slidably connected to the partition 5 along the axial direction of the support pipe 3, and a locking mechanism is provided between the motor base and the partition. It can be understood that by adjusting the position of the motor base 12, the position of the drive motor 4 is adjusted, and after the drive motor 4 reaches a fixed position, the position of the motor base 12 is locked.

[0030] In this embodiment, multiple guide rails are provided on the partition 5, and several sliders that cooperate with the guide rails are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the motor base 12 to achieve a sliding connection between the motor base 12 and the partition 5. Through holes are opened on the sliders, and multiple positioning holes are opened on the partition 5. Both the through holes and the positioning holes are threaded holes. When the through holes and the positioning holes are aligned, the motor base 12 is fixedly connected to the partition 5 by threaded connection of positioning bolts to the through holes and positioning holes. It can be understood that sliders can be added to the bottom surface of the motor base 12 to strengthen the connection between the motor base 12 and the partition 5.

[0031] It should be noted that when the cutterhead 1 is tunneling, the motor base 12 is fixed on the partition plate 5 to ensure the stability and efficiency of tunneling; after the cutterhead 1 is separated from the drive shaft 11, the motor base 12 is released from the partition plate 5, and then the motor base 12 is slid backward to move out of the support pipe 3, providing sufficient space for rescue.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the retaining plate 2 has a clearance groove for the drive shaft 11 to pass through. The drive shaft 11 can smoothly pass through the installation area of ​​the retaining plate 2, thereby effectively transmitting the power of the drive device to the cutterhead 1. During tunneling operations, the drive device drives the drive shaft 11 to rotate, which in turn drives the cutterhead 1 to cut, while the retaining plate 2 guides the excavated soil to the lower muck discharge chamber. It can be understood that the clearance groove ensures that the drive shaft 11 will not collide or rub against the retaining plate 2 during rotation.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, limiting baffles 16 are fixedly connected to the inner wall at the front end of the upper rescue chamber and the top surface at the front end of the partition 5. The front end of the partition 5 is located inside the support pipe 3, and the retaining plate 2 is installed obliquely in front of the limiting baffle 16. It can be understood that the limiting baffle 16 is used to restrict the position of the retaining plate 2 and provide support for the retaining plate 2, ensuring the stability of the retaining plate 2 during the tunneling process and preventing the soil from squeezing the retaining plate 2 into the upper rescue chamber. In this embodiment, the retaining plate 2 is installed obliquely in front of the limiting baffle 16, and the top end of the retaining plate 2 is in front of the bottom end of the retaining plate 2. Under the action of gravity and the guiding effect of the retaining plate 2, the soil generated by the tunneling operation can smoothly slide down the surface of the retaining plate 2 to the lower muck discharge chamber. In the lower muck discharge chamber, the excavator 7 and the conveyor belt 6 continuously discharge this soil from the support pipe 3.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, one end of the tie rod 15 is detachably connected to the rear side of the retaining plate 2, and the other end of the tie rod 15 is hinged to the top of the inner wall of the upper rescue chamber. It is understood that the tie rod 15 provides tension to the retaining plate 2, ensuring its stable installation at the front end of the upper rescue chamber and preventing it from detaching during excavation, thus avoiding interference between the retaining plate 2 and the drive shaft 11. Once the rescue passage is open, the retaining plate 2 is removed from the tie rod 15 and then moved away from the front end of the upper rescue chamber, quickly and thoroughly opening the upper rescue chamber and providing a spacious, unobstructed passage for rescuers and trapped personnel, shortening rescue preparation time and improving rescue efficiency and safety.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the rear end of the support pipe 3 is connected to multiple sections of rescue pipe 8. The rescue pipe 8 has the same diameter as the support pipe 3, and is also divided into upper and lower layers by a partition 5. A conveyor belt 6 is also installed inside the rescue pipe 8. It is understood that the rescue pipe 8 is a pipe unit that continues to extend the rescue channel after the support pipe 3 has been advanced. During its advancement, the rescue pipe 8 can smoothly connect with the support pipe 3 and maintain a uniform cross-sectional size, avoiding obstacles or size mismatches within the channel. It is also understood that guide rails are fixedly connected to the partition 5 of the rescue pipe 8, and positioning holes are also provided.

[0036] It is also understandable that after the support pipe 3 has been excavated, in order to extend the rescue channel to the trapped area, the hydraulic push rod 10 drives the slag discharge steel plate 9 to move backward, leaving space for the rescue pipe 8. Subsequently, the rescue pipe 8 is hoisted into place and placed coaxially with the advanced support pipe 3. Then, the hydraulic push rod 10 drives the slag discharge steel plate 9 to hold the rescue pipe 8 in place and continue to excavate.

[0037] like Figure 4As shown, the conveyor belts 6 installed inside the support pipe 3 and the rescue pipe 8 are inclined upwards along the slag discharge direction. This design allows the slag to be gradually raised during transportation. In this embodiment, the conveyor belts 6 of adjacent pipes are connected at different heights to form a continuous transportation line. "Connecting at different heights" means that there is a vertical height difference between the receiving end of the next conveyor belt 6 and the discharge end of the previous conveyor belt 6. This connection method ensures that the slag is smoothly transferred from the previous conveyor belt 6 to the next, thereby forming an uninterrupted and integrated transportation path, improving slag discharge efficiency and operational continuity, and ensuring the smooth operation of the rescue channel.

[0038] In this embodiment, the overlapping area of ​​two adjacent conveyor belt sections 6 is designed to overlap, that is, the end of the previous conveyor belt section 6 extends above the starting end of the next conveyor belt section 6, ensuring a smooth transition of the excavated soil under gravity and preventing the excavated soil from accumulating or spilling at the joint. It can be understood that the conveyor belt 6 includes a conveyor belt, multiple conveyor rollers, and a power drive mechanism (such as an electric roller) for providing power to the conveyor rollers.

[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the cutterhead 1 is a rotating disc with several cutters 13, and multiple slag troughs 14 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cutterhead 1, with the slag troughs 14 located between adjacent cutters 13. During excavation, the slag cut by the cutterhead 1 is pushed and squeezed, entering the support pipe 3 through the slag troughs 14 and being guided by the retaining plate 2 to the lower slag discharge chamber. The support pipe 3 and rescue pipe 8 are then transported out by the excavator 7 and the conveyor belt 6.

[0040] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a method for using a rescue passage in a collapsed tunnel, applying the rescue passage method for a collapsed tunnel disclosed in Embodiment 1. The specific steps include: First, proceed with step S1: pour the reaction wall, hoist the support pipe 3 and install the retaining plate and tunneling device, and install the slag discharge steel plate 9 and hydraulic push rod 10 between the support pipe 3 and the reaction wall.

[0041] The reaction wall is a structure that provides reaction force to the hydraulic push rod 10, ensuring that the hydraulic push rod 10 has a stable support point when advancing the support pipe 3. The reaction wall can be constructed using reinforced concrete. Lifting the support pipe 3 and installing the tunneling device refers to using lifting equipment to place the support pipe 3 in the predetermined position and assembling and connecting the cutterhead 1, drive device, and retaining plate 2 with the support pipe 3. Installing the slag discharge steel plate 9 and the hydraulic push rod 10 means tightly fitting the slag discharge steel plate 9 with the rear end of the support pipe 3, allowing the hydraulic push rod 10 to stably abut against the slag discharge steel plate 9 and form effective support with the reaction wall.

[0042] Next, in step S2, the drive motor 4 is started to drive the cutterhead 1 to rotate and excavate. At the same time, the hydraulic push rod 10 is pushed forward. The excavated soil from the cutterhead 1 enters the support pipe 3 through the slag trough 14. The upper layer of soil is guided by the retaining plate 2 to the lower slag discharge chamber. The excavator 7 transports the soil to the conveyor belt 6 and discharges it continuously from the conveyor belt 6, realizing the simultaneous operation of excavation, slag discharge and pipe advancement.

[0043] Then, in step S3, when the support pipe 3 is advanced to the preset position, the hydraulic push rod 10 drives the slag discharge steel plate 9 to move backward, and the rescue pipe 8 is hoisted. The rescue pipe 8 is placed coaxially with the support pipe 3. The hydraulic push rod 10 drives the slag discharge steel plate 9 to abut the rear end of the rescue pipe 8 and continues to advance.

[0044] Next, proceed to step S4. When the rescue channel reaches the trapped area, disconnect the drive shaft 11 from the cutter head 1, then release the lock of the motor base 12 and slide the drive motor 4 backward to move the drive device out of the support pipe 3. At the same time, remove the pull rod 15 to remove the retaining plate 2 and open the upper rescue chamber to form a rescue channel.

[0045] Finally, in step S5, rescuers enter the trapped area through the flat partition 5 to carry out the transfer and rescue operation for the trapped personnel.

[0046] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for constructing a rescue passage in a collapsed tunnel, characterized in that, include: A support pipe is provided, which is divided into an upper rescue chamber and a lower slag discharge chamber by a partition. A retaining plate is detachably connected to the front of the upper rescue chamber. The tunneling device includes a cutterhead supporting the front side of the pipeline and a drive device connected to a partition plate. The drive device is detachably connected to the cutterhead, and a slag trough is opened on the cutterhead. A slag discharge device, which is located in the lower slag discharge chamber, includes a bulldozer and a conveyor belt behind the bulldozer. The pipe pressing device is located at the rear end of the supporting pipe and includes a slag discharge steel plate and a hydraulic push rod. The bottom of the slag discharge steel plate has a slag discharge clearance opening corresponding to the lower slag discharge chamber.

2. The rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The driving device includes a drive motor, the output shaft of which is connected to a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is detachably connected to the cutter head.

3. The rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The drive motor is mounted on a motor base, the motor base is slidably connected to the partition, and a locking mechanism is provided between the motor base and the partition.

4. The rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The retaining plate has a clearance groove for the drive shaft to pass through.

5. A rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Limiting baffles are fixedly connected to the front end of the inner wall of the upper rescue cavity and the top surface of the front end of the partition. The retaining plate is installed obliquely on the front side of the limiting baffle.

6. The rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The rear side of the retaining plate is detachably connected to one end of the tie rod, and the other end of the tie rod is hinged to the top of the inner wall of the upper rescue cavity.

7. A rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rear end of the support pipe is connected to multiple sections of rescue pipe. The rescue pipe has the same diameter as the support pipe. The rescue pipe is also divided into upper and lower layers by a partition, and a conveyor belt is also installed inside the rescue pipe.

8. A rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The conveyor belts installed inside the support pipe and the rescue pipe are inclined upwards along the slag discharge direction, and the conveyor belts of adjacent pipes are connected at different heights, with the overlapping areas of adjacent conveyor belts overlapping.

9. A rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter head is a rotating disk with several cutters, and multiple slag grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cutter head, with the slag grooves being opened between adjacent cutters.

10. A method of using the rescue passage construction device for a collapsed tunnel as described in any one of claims 1-9, comprising the following steps: The reaction wall is poured, the supporting pipe is hoisted and the retaining plate and tunneling device are installed, and the slag discharge steel plate and hydraulic push rod are installed between the supporting pipe and the reaction wall; the cutterhead is started to rotate while the hydraulic push rod advances, and the excavator transports the slag to the conveyor belt, which continuously discharges it. When the support pipe is advanced to the preset position, the hydraulic push rod drives the slag discharge steel plate to retreat, hoisting the rescue pipe. The rescue pipe is placed coaxially with the support pipe, and the hydraulic push rod drives the slag discharge steel plate to abut the rear end of the rescue pipe, continuing to advance. When the rescue channel reaches the trapped area, disconnect the drive shaft from the cutter head, release the lock of the motor base, slide the drive motor backward, remove the pull rod to remove the retaining plate, and open the upper rescue chamber to form a rescue channel; Rescue and transfer operations were carried out to transfer trapped personnel.

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