A high altitude thrombotic disease risk early warning system

Abstract

The application provides a highland thrombosis disease risk early warning system, comprising: a sensing acquisition module, which is used for acquiring patient characteristic data, the patient characteristic data including physical sign data and individual baseline data; an index analysis module, which is used for preprocessing the patient characteristic data and generating risk indexes; a risk assessment module, which is used for assessing a risk coefficient according to the risk indexes; and a risk early warning module, which is used for obtaining a risk degree corresponding to the risk coefficient according to a pre-constructed risk classification standard, and implementing corresponding risk early warning according to the risk degree. The application solves the problem in the prior art that a portable health monitoring device cannot accurately measure core hemodynamic parameters closely related to thrombosis, and also cannot accurately perform risk early warning on highland thrombosis diseases according to the acquired parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical and health monitoring technology, and in particular to a risk early warning system for high-altitude thrombotic diseases. Background Technology

[0002] High-altitude thrombotic diseases, mainly including high-altitude intracranial venous sinus thrombosis, high-altitude pulmonary embolism, and high-altitude lower extremity venous thrombosis, pose a significant challenge to the field of high-altitude medicine. These diseases often have a very insidious onset, with clinical symptoms such as headache, shortness of breath, and limb swelling, which can easily be confused with common altitude sickness (such as acute mountain sickness) or other common high-altitude diseases (such as high-altitude pulmonary edema and high-altitude cerebral edema). For example, both acute high-altitude cerebral edema and high-altitude intracranial venous sinus thrombosis can present with severe headache, altered consciousness, or even coma, but their pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment principles are diametrically opposed: the core treatment for the former is dehydration to reduce intracranial pressure, while for the latter, incorrect dehydration treatment may worsen the thrombus burden, leading to a deterioration of the condition; both carry an extremely high risk of death. This difficulty in clinical differential diagnosis makes the early identification and accurate diagnosis of high-altitude thrombotic diseases exceptionally challenging.

[0003] Currently, the accurate diagnosis of high-altitude thrombotic diseases in clinical practice heavily relies on large, stationary medical imaging equipment. Specifically, the gold standard for diagnosing high-altitude pulmonary embolism is usually computed tomography angiography (CTA) of the lungs, which can clearly show filling defects in the pulmonary arteries; while diagnosing high-altitude intracranial venous sinus thrombosis typically requires magnetic resonance venography (MRV) of the head to observe the patency of the venous sinuses. These diagnostic devices are not only expensive and bulky, but are also usually only deployed in large hospitals or medical centers, making them difficult to obtain in remote high-altitude areas, border outposts, scientific research camps, or moving convoys. In addition, these examinations are invasive or semi-invasive, and are characterized by radiation (such as CTA), long examination times, and high requirements for patient cooperation, making them unsuitable for routine, continuous risk screening and dynamic monitoring.

[0004] Existing portable health monitoring devices, such as smart bracelets and watches, generally integrate photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors to monitor parameters such as heart rate and blood oxygen saturation. However, these devices are primarily designed for general fitness and daily health management. Their sensor accuracy and algorithm models are not suited for medical diagnosis, especially for assessing the risk of thrombosis in the unique pathophysiological environment of high altitudes. They cannot directly and accurately measure core hemodynamic parameters closely related to thrombosis formation, nor can they accurately provide risk warnings for high-altitude thrombotic diseases based on the collected parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-altitude thrombotic disease risk warning system, which solves the problem that existing portable health monitoring devices cannot accurately measure core hemodynamic parameters closely related to thrombosis, nor can they accurately provide risk warnings for high-altitude thrombotic diseases based on the collected parameters.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a high-altitude thrombotic disease risk warning system includes: A sensor acquisition module is used to acquire patient characteristic data, which includes vital sign data and individual baseline data. The indicator analysis module is used to preprocess patient characteristic data and generate risk indicators. A risk assessment module, which is used to assess risk coefficients based on risk indicators; The risk warning module is used to obtain the risk level corresponding to the risk coefficient according to the pre-constructed risk classification standard, and to implement the corresponding risk warning according to the risk level.

[0007] Preferably, the microwave sensing module includes a microwave sensing module, an oscillation sensing module, and a manual input module. The microwave sensing module and the oscillation sensing module are used to collect vital sign data, and the manual input module is used to collect individual baseline data.

[0008] Preferably, the risk indicators include blood flow velocity ratio, relative change rate of blood oxygen saturation, heart rate ratio, blood pressure ratio, and... The individual baseline data includes altitude, duration of stay, and individual correction factors.

[0009] Preferably, the The generation methods include: The altitude correction component is calculated based on the vital signs data and altitude, and the time correction component is calculated based on the vital signs data and the duration of stay. Estimates are calculated based on altitude correction and time correction components. Then, individual correction factors are used to estimate... Make corrections to obtain the corrected version. ; The revised version Normalization is performed to obtain .

[0010] Preferably, the correction The calculation method is as follows: Where A represents altitude and D represents the duration of stay. As a correction factor, This is the initial HCT value.

[0011] Preferably, the risk coefficient is calculated as follows: in, All are weighting coefficients. The ratio of blood flow velocity, This represents the relative rate of change in blood oxygen saturation. Heart rate ratio, This is the blood pressure ratio.

[0012] Preferably, after obtaining the risk coefficient, the risk coefficient is standardized and mapped to obtain a standard risk value. Based on the pre-constructed risk classification standard, the risk level corresponding to the standard risk value is obtained, and corresponding risk warnings are implemented based on the risk level.

[0013] Preferably, the risk warning module includes a risk assessment module and a warning device control module. The risk assessment module is used to obtain the risk level corresponding to the risk coefficient according to the pre-constructed risk classification standard. The warning device control module is used to control the warning device to perform audible and visual warnings and vibration warnings.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention utilizes a microwave sensor module, an oscillation sensor module, and a manual input module within the sensor acquisition module to accurately and comprehensively collect various vital sign data and baseline data from multiple angles. The vital sign data and baseline data are preprocessed to generate risk indicators required for subsequent calculations, ensuring the accuracy of the input data. Then, a risk assessment module is used to consider the impact of altitude and duration of stay in the baseline data on high-altitude thrombotic diseases. Combined with other risk indicators, the patient's risk coefficient is calculated, thereby accurately assessing the patient's risk of high-altitude thrombotic diseases. Finally, an early warning is issued based on the risk level corresponding to the risk coefficient. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating the architecture of a risk warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a high-altitude thrombotic disease risk early warning system, comprising: A sensor acquisition module is used to acquire patient characteristic data, which includes vital sign data and individual baseline data. The risk warning system of the present invention is mainly integrated into a portable wrist-worn device, which includes an adjustable wristband and a matching electronic analysis device. The microwave sensing module includes a microwave sensing module, an oscillation sensing module and a manual input module, wherein the microwave sensing module and the oscillation sensing module are used to collect vital sign data, and the manual input module is used to collect individual baseline data.

[0018] The microwave sensing module is located on the inside of the wristband and consists of multiple sensors forming a composite sensing array. At the center of this array is a microwave blood flow sensor, preferably operating in the 10-30 GHz range, for example, 24 GHz. This sensor emits low-power continuous wave or frequency-modulated continuous wave microwave signals and receives signals reflected from subcutaneous tissue. Due to the difference in dielectric constant between flowing blood and the static vessel wall and surrounding tissue, the reflected signals exhibit Doppler frequency shift or phase modulation. By analyzing these signal characteristics, the blood flow velocity of the radial artery and its accompanying superficial veins can be non-invasively calculated. and (Unit: cm / s)

[0019] Two photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors are symmetrically arranged on either side of the microwave sensor. Each sensor contains at least two light-emitting diodes (typically red LEDs with a wavelength of approximately 660 nm and infrared LEDs with a wavelength of approximately 940 nm) and a photodetector. These PPG sensors are placed close to the skin to detect minute changes in blood volume in the subcutaneous capillary bed during the cardiac cycle, thereby calculating heart rate (HR, beats per minute) and blood oxygen saturation (POS). ,unit:%).

[0020] In addition, the wristband integrates an oscillation sensing module, which includes a miniature air pump, a deflation valve, and a pressure sensor, collectively forming an oscillatory blood pressure measurement module. In blood pressure measurement mode, the air pump inflates an independent bladder within the wristband, compressing the radial artery. The pressure sensor records the bladder pressure fluctuations. By analyzing the relationship between the fluctuation amplitude and the bladder pressure, the systolic blood pressure can be estimated. (Unit: mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure.

[0021] The electronic analysis device is equipped with a manual input module. When using the device for the first time, the user needs to use the manual input module to input the patient's individual baseline information, including blood oxygen saturation at rest. (Unit: %), resting heart rate ( (Unit: beats / minute), resting systolic blood pressure ( (Unit: mmHg). In addition, individual correction factors, including gender (used for gender correction factors), must be entered. Options include "Male" and "Female" and altitude acclimatization history (used for acclimatization history correction factor). Options include "No high-altitude experience", "High-altitude experience", and "High-altitude resident". For daily use in high-altitude environments, users need to input or have the device's GPS module automatically obtain the current altitude (A, unit: meters) and the cumulative number of days since reaching that altitude (D, unit: days).

[0022] The indicator analysis module is used to preprocess patient characteristic data and generate risk indicators. After initiating the risk assessment, the device will automatically, sequentially, or synchronously activate the aforementioned sensors to perform a comprehensive measurement cycle and collect the current high-altitude arterial blood flow velocity. Venous blood flow velocity Blood oxygen saturation Heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure After collecting the patient's vital signs data and individual baseline data, the indicator analysis module begins to calculate risk indicators.

[0023] The risk indicators include blood flow velocity ratio, relative change rate of blood oxygen saturation, heart rate ratio, blood pressure ratio, and... The blood flow velocity ratio is calculated as follows: This ratio reflects the difference in blood flow velocity between arteries and veins. An increase in the ratio may indicate a relative slowdown in venous return, that is, a greater degree of blood stasis.

[0024] The relative rate of change of blood oxygen saturation is calculated as follows: This indicator directly quantifies the severity of hypoxia exposure.

[0025] The heart rate ratio is calculated as follows: This ratio reflects the degree of cardiac compensatory stress.

[0026] The blood pressure ratio is calculated as follows: This ratio reflects changes in blood pressure caused by variations in peripheral vascular resistance and cardiac output.

[0027] The change in hematocrit is affected by altitude and the length of time the patient stays in the location, so separate analyses are needed for altitude and length of stay.

[0028] Firstly, regarding altitude, below 2500m, changes in hematocrit are relatively slow; between 2500-4000m, the body begins to significantly stimulate erythrocyte production; above 4000m, although it continues to increase, it tends to level off or decrease due to limiting factors (such as increased blood flow resistance caused by erythrocyte viscosity). Therefore, altitude has a relatively limited effect on hematocrit. The influence components are as follows: Secondly, regarding the length of stay, upon arrival at the plateau ( The hematocrit level initially shows minimal changes (days 1-3), followed by a subchronic phase (days 3-14), during which the hematocrit level rises rapidly. This then plateaus (days 14-30), eventually reaching a chronic homeostasis. (days), therefore, the length of stay is important. The influence components are as follows: Then, adjust the components according to altitude. and time correction components right Make an estimate: in, This is the initial HCT value, typically set to 45%.

[0029] Furthermore, physiologically, a woman's hematocrit (HCT) is approximately 90%-95% of a man's (taking 0.92 as a typical value), and the difference between sexes is an absolute baseline. Men typically have a higher baseline HCT than women. When calculating the final HCT value, it is necessary to consider the sex coefficient (…). Multiplicative scaling is applied, reflecting the absolute physiological influence of sex on the rate of erythrocyte production. Simultaneously, regarding high-altitude acclimatization, if a person already has high-altitude experience (e.g....),... His physiological system has adapted to the low-oxygen environment, at which point the effects of altitude and time are "reduced." To reflect this "reduction," this invention introduces two correction factors: sex and adaptation history. Make corrections: Among them, gender correction factor In this study, the value was 1.0 for males and 0.92 for females. (Adaptation history correction factor) In the middle, the score was 1.0 for those with no high-altitude experience, 0.85 for those with high-altitude experience, and 0.7 for those who lived in high-altitude areas.

[0030] After that, Normalization is performed to obtain .

[0031] A risk assessment module, which is used to assess risk coefficients based on risk indicators; By weighting the above risk indicators, the risk coefficients are obtained as follows: in, All are weighting coefficients. Then, the original HACI is mapped to an intuitive scoring range of 0-10 using a standardization function to obtain the standard risk value, as shown in the formula: in It is the hyperbolic tangent function.

[0032] This function can smoothly compress any real value of HACI to the interval (-1, 1), and then obtain a score of 0-10 through linear transformation.

[0033] The risk warning module is used to obtain the risk level corresponding to the risk coefficient according to the pre-constructed risk classification standard, and to implement the corresponding risk warning according to the risk level.

[0034] The risk warning module includes a risk assessment module and a warning device control module. The risk assessment module obtains the risk level corresponding to the standard risk value based on the pre-constructed risk classification standard.

[0035] The warning equipment control module then controls the warning equipment to provide audible and visual warnings as well as vibration warnings.

[0036] Using this risk assessment module, the impact of altitude and duration of stay in baseline data on high-altitude thrombotic diseases is considered. Combined with other risk indicators, the patient's risk coefficient is calculated to accurately assess the patient's risk of high-altitude thrombotic diseases. Then, an early warning is issued based on the risk level corresponding to the risk coefficient.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-altitude thrombotic disease risk early warning system, characterized in that: include: A sensor acquisition module is used to acquire patient characteristic data, which includes vital sign data and individual baseline data. The indicator analysis module is used to preprocess patient characteristic data and generate risk indicators. A risk assessment module, which is used to assess risk coefficients based on risk indicators; The risk warning module is used to obtain the risk level corresponding to the risk coefficient according to the pre-constructed risk classification standard, and to implement the corresponding risk warning according to the risk level.

2. The high-altitude thrombotic disease risk early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave sensing module includes a microwave sensing module, an oscillation sensing module, and a manual input module. The microwave sensing module and the oscillation sensing module are used to collect vital sign data, and the manual input module is used to collect individual baseline data.

3. The high-altitude thrombotic disease risk early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The risk indicators include blood flow velocity ratio, relative change rate of blood oxygen saturation, heart rate ratio, blood pressure ratio, and... The individual baseline data includes altitude, duration of stay, and individual correction factors.

4. The high-altitude thrombotic disease risk early warning system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The The generation methods include: The altitude correction component is calculated based on the vital signs data and altitude, and the time correction component is calculated based on the vital signs data and the duration of stay. Estimates are calculated based on altitude correction and time correction components. Then, individual correction factors are used to estimate... Make corrections to obtain the corrected version. ; The revised version Normalization is performed to obtain .

5. The high-altitude thrombotic disease risk early warning system as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The correction The calculation method is as follows: Where A represents altitude and D represents the duration of stay. As a correction factor, This is the initial HCT value.

6. The high-altitude thrombotic disease risk early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The risk factor is calculated as follows: in, All are weighting coefficients. The ratio of blood flow velocity, This represents the relative rate of change in blood oxygen saturation. Heart rate ratio, This is the blood pressure ratio.

7. The high-altitude thrombotic disease risk early warning system as described in claim 6, characterized in that: After obtaining the risk coefficient, the risk coefficient is standardized and mapped to obtain the standard risk value. Based on the pre-constructed risk classification standard, the risk level corresponding to the standard risk value is obtained, and the corresponding risk warning is implemented according to the risk level.

8. The high-altitude thrombotic disease risk early warning system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The risk warning module includes a risk assessment module and a warning device control module. The risk assessment module is used to obtain the risk level corresponding to the risk coefficient according to the pre-constructed risk classification standard. The warning device control module is used to control the warning device to perform audible and visual warnings and vibration warnings.

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