A communication method and apparatus

Abstract

A communication method and device are provided to meet the demand of low latency and high reliability services. The communication method comprises: a core network device obtaining a first predicted downlink transmission rate corresponding to a terminal device; the core network device sending first information to a base station accessed by the terminal device; the first information is determined according to the first predicted downlink transmission rate; correspondingly, the base station receives the first information from the core network device; and the base station optimizes the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the base station according to the first information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of fifth-generation (5G) communication systems, data transmission latency has been continuously reduced and transmission capacity has been increasing. 5G communication systems have gradually penetrated into some multimedia services with strong real-time requirements and large data capacity requirements, such as video transmission, cloud gaming (CG), and extended reality (XR). XR includes virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR).

[0003] For the aforementioned data (or business data), data transmission latency requirements are quite stringent. In some traditional data transmission processes, the data sender typically relies on the efficiency of data transmission in a previous time period to adjust the data transmission rate in a subsequent time period, thereby achieving congestion control. However, this "probe first, adjust later" approach results in a certain lag in rate adjustment compared to changes in the network channel, making it unable to match network channel variations and thus failing to meet the requirements of low-latency, high-reliability services.

[0004] How to meet the needs of low-latency and high-reliability services is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method and apparatus to meet the needs of low-latency and high-reliability services.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method that can be applied to core network equipment, or components (such as processors, chips, chip systems, circuits, functional modules, or others) or software modules within the core network equipment. The method may include: the core network equipment acquiring a first predicted downlink transmission rate corresponding to a terminal device; the core network equipment sending first information to a base station accessed by the terminal device; the first information being determined based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate, and the first information being used by the base station to optimize the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the base station.

[0007] Using this method, core network equipment can predict the downlink transmission rate and transmit the first information corresponding to the prediction result to the base station. This allows the base station to optimize the transmission strategy with the terminal equipment in advance. When the base station receives downlink data at the specified downlink transmission rate, it can use the optimized transmission strategy to transmit the downlink data, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of downlink data, ensuring the needs of low-latency and high-reliability services, and improving communication efficiency.

[0008] In one possible design, the first information may include a first predicted downlink transmission rate; or, the first information may include first indication information, which indicates the relative relationship between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate; or, the first information may include second indication information, which indicates the optimization strategy corresponding to the transmission strategy.

[0009] With this design, the core network equipment can directly send the predicted results (e.g., the first predicted downlink transmission rate) to the base station, or indirectly send the predicted results (e.g., the second indication information) to the base station with fewer resources, so that the base station can adjust the transmission strategy based on the predicted results; or, the core network equipment can directly recommend an optimized transmission strategy to the base station based on its own judgment, so that the base station can adjust the transmission strategy based on the optimized strategy.

[0010] In one possible design, the first indication information is: the ratio of the first predicted downlink transmission rate to the reference transmission rate; or, the difference between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate.

[0011] With this design, the core network equipment and the base station can flexibly choose the indication method for the first predicted downlink transmission rate, such as choosing a method that is more suitable for the current service requirements to configure the value of the first indication information.

[0012] In one possible design, the method may further include: the core network device receiving first predicted state information from the base station; the first predicted state information is obtained by the base station performing channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station; the core network device determines, based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the first predicted state information, to adjust the transmission rate of the downlink data to the first target transmission rate.

[0013] With this design, the core network equipment can obtain the first predicted state information of the base station, that is, obtain the channel capability between the base station and the terminal equipment. Based on this channel capability, the core network equipment can determine the adjustment scheme for the downlink transmission rate to improve the matching degree between the downlink data transmission rate and the target channel and improve communication efficiency.

[0014] In one possible design, the process of the core network device sending first information to the base station accessed by the terminal device may include: the core network device determining third indication information based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the first predicted state information; the third indication information being used to instruct the core network device to adjust the expected downlink data transmission rate to the first target transmission rate; and the core network device sending the first information to the base station, the first information including the third indication information.

[0015] This design allows the core network equipment to notify the base station of the adjustment strategy determined by the core network equipment (indicated by the third indication information) via the first information. This enables the base station to pre-optimize the transmission strategy corresponding to the target channel based on the first target transmission rate corresponding to the strategy. When the base station receives downlink data at that transmission rate, it can then use the optimized transmission strategy to transmit the downlink data. This strategy optimization from both the core network equipment and the base station perspectives further improves the matching degree between the downlink data transmission rate and the transmission strategy corresponding to the target channel, thereby increasing transmission efficiency. Furthermore, prioritizing strategy optimization at the core network equipment side when resources are sufficient reduces the impact on the base station.

[0016] In one possible design, the method may further include: the core network device receiving second predicted state information from the base station; the second predicted state information is obtained by the base station performing channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station based on the optimized transmission strategy; the core network device adjusting the transmission rate of the downlink data to the second target transmission rate according to the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the second predicted state information.

[0017] With this design, after determining the optimized processing strategy corresponding to the transmission strategy, the base station can also perform channel prediction for the target channel between the terminal device and the base station based on the optimized transmission strategy, and notify the core network equipment of the prediction status information corresponding to the target channel. This allows the core network equipment to adjust the downlink data transmission rate based on the prediction status information. Thus, strategy optimization from both the core network equipment and the base station perspectives further improves the matching degree between the downlink data transmission rate and the transmission strategy corresponding to the target channel, thereby improving transmission efficiency. Furthermore, prioritizing strategy optimization at the base station side when resources are sufficient reduces the impact on the core network equipment.

[0018] In one possible design, the process by which the core network device obtains the first predicted downlink transmission rate corresponding to the terminal device may include: the core network device receiving RTCP packet feedback information from the terminal device, the RTCP packet feedback information being used to indicate downlink data transmission information between the terminal device and the base station; and the core network device determining the first predicted downlink transmission rate based on the RTCP packet feedback information.

[0019] With this design, core network equipment can obtain RTCP packet feedback information from terminal equipment and predict downlink transmission rate based on the RTCP packet feedback information, thereby enabling the base station to perform pre-optimization processing of transmission strategy.

[0020] In one possible design, the process by which the core network device determines the first predicted downlink transmission rate based on RTCP packet feedback information may include: the core network device determining downlink performance indicators between the terminal device and the base station based on the RTCP packet feedback information; the downlink performance indicators include packet loss information and / or latency information; the core network device determining the first predicted downlink transmission rate based on the downlink performance indicators and the prediction model; the prediction model is generated based on training information from multiple historical RTCP packets.

[0021] By adopting this design, core network equipment can predict downlink transmission rates through predictive models, thereby improving the accuracy of prediction results and thus improving communication efficiency.

[0022] In one possible design, the method may further include: the core network device acquiring the effective node information of the first information; the first information includes fourth indication information, which is used to indicate the effective node information.

[0023] With this design, core network equipment can use the fourth indication information to indicate the effective node of the first information, thereby improving the accuracy of communication.

[0024] In one possible design, the effective node information is either the effective time node information or the effective data node information.

[0025] With this design, the effective point of the first information can be reflected through a time node or a data node, thereby improving the accuracy of the indication of the first information.

[0026] In one possible design, the fourth indication information is the effective node information; or, the fourth indication information is the relative relationship between the effective node information and the reference node information.

[0027] With this design, the fourth indication information can directly indicate the effective node information, or it can indicate the effective node information through the relative relationship between the reference node information and the effective node information.

[0028] In one possible design, the effective node information is the information of the effective time node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference time node; the fourth indication information may include: the time interval between the effective time node and the reference time node.

[0029] With this design, when the effective node information is the effective time node, the reference node information is the reference time node information. In this way, the fourth indication information can indicate the effective time node through the relative relationship between the effective time node and the reference time node.

[0030] In one possible design, the effective node information is the information of the effective data node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference data node; the fourth indication information may include: the data node interval between the effective data node and the reference data node.

[0031] With this design, when the effective node information is the effective data node, the reference node information is the reference data node. In this way, the fourth indication information can indicate the effective data node through the relative relationship between the effective data node and the reference data node.

[0032] In one possible design, a data node includes: a data packet or a set of data packets; the information of the data node is the sequence identifier of the data packet or the sequence identifier of the set of data packets.

[0033] With this design, data nodes (including effective data nodes and reference data nodes) can be data packets or sets of data packets; this allows for more flexible indication of effective data nodes.

[0034] Secondly, this application provides a communication method that can be applied to a base station, or components (such as processors, chips, chip systems, circuits, functional modules, or others) or software modules within the base station. The method may include: the base station receiving first information from a core network device; the first information being determined based on a first predicted downlink transmission rate of a terminal device; and the base station optimizing the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the base station based on the first information.

[0035] In one possible design, the first information may include a first predicted downlink transmission rate; or, the first information may include first indication information, which indicates the relative relationship between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate; or, the first information may include second indication information, which indicates the optimization strategy corresponding to the transmission strategy.

[0036] In one possible design, the first indication information is: the ratio of the first predicted downlink transmission rate to the reference transmission rate; or, the difference between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate.

[0037] In one possible design, the process by which the aforementioned base station optimizes the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the base station based on the first information may include: the base station activating or deactivating the secondary cell based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate; the base station performing or skipping RRM measurement based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate; and the base station adjusting the relevant parameters of CDRX based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate.

[0038] With this design, the base station can optimize the transmission strategy based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate in the first information. The optimization method can be to activate or deactivate the secondary cell, perform or skip RRM measurement, or adjust the relevant parameters of CDRX, making the base station more flexible in optimizing the transmission strategy.

[0039] In one possible design, the method may further include: the base station performing channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station to obtain first prediction state information; and the base station sending the first prediction state information to the core network device.

[0040] In one possible design, the first information may include third indication information; the third indication information is used to instruct the core network equipment to adjust the expected downlink data transmission rate to the first target transmission rate; the process by which the base station optimizes the transmission strategy between the terminal equipment and the base station based on the first information may include: the base station activating or deactivating secondary cells according to the first target transmission rate; the base station performing or skipping RRM measurement according to the first target transmission rate; and the base station adjusting relevant parameters of CDRX according to the first target transmission rate.

[0041] With this design, the base station can optimize the transmission strategy based on the first target transmission rate indicated by the third indication information in the first information. The optimization process can be to activate or deactivate the secondary cell, perform or skip RRM measurement, or adjust the relevant parameters of CDRX, making the base station more flexible in optimizing the transmission strategy.

[0042] In one possible design, the method may further include: the base station performing channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station based on the optimized transmission strategy to obtain second prediction state information; and the base station sending the second prediction state information to the core network device.

[0043] In one possible design, the first information may include fourth indication information, which is used to indicate the effective node information of the first information.

[0044] In one possible design, the effective node information is either the effective time node or the effective data node.

[0045] In one possible design, the fourth instruction information may include effective node information, or it may include the relative relationship between effective node information and reference node information.

[0046] In one possible design, the effective node information is the information of the effective time node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference time node; the fourth indication information includes: the time interval between the effective time node and the reference time node.

[0047] In one possible design, the effective node information is the information of the effective data node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference data node; the fourth indication information includes: the data node interval between the effective data node and the reference data node.

[0048] In one possible design, a data node includes: a data packet or a set of data packets; the information of the data node is the sequence identifier of the data packet or the sequence identifier of the set of data packets.

[0049] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device. The device can implement any possible implementation of any of the first to second aspects described above.

[0050] In one optional implementation, the apparatus may include modules, units, or means corresponding one-to-one to the methods / operations / steps / actions that perform any possible implementation of any of the first to second aspects. These modules, units, or means may be hardware circuits, software, or a combination of hardware circuits and software. In another optional implementation, the apparatus includes a processing module (sometimes also called a processing unit) and a communication module (sometimes also called a transceiver module, communication unit, etc.). The communication module is capable of both sending and receiving functions. When the communication module performs the sending function, it may be called a sending unit (sometimes also called a sending module); when the communication module performs the receiving function, it may be called a receiving unit (sometimes also called a receiving module). The sending unit and the receiving unit may be the same functional module, referred to as the communication module, which performs both sending and receiving functions; or, the sending unit and the receiving unit may be different functional modules, with "communication module" being a collective term for these functional modules.

[0051] For example, when the apparatus is used to perform the method described in any one of the first to second aspects, the apparatus may include a processing module and a communication module.

[0052] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a communication device, including a processor for executing a computer program (or computer-executable instructions) stored in a memory, which, when executed, causes the device to perform a method as described in any possible implementation of any of the first to second aspects.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the processor and memory are integrated together.

[0054] In another possible implementation, the memory is located outside the communication device.

[0055] The communication device also includes a communication interface for communicating with other devices, such as sending or receiving data and / or signals. Exemplarily, the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, or other type of communication interface.

[0056] Fifthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided for storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed, enable the implementation of a method in any possible implementation of the first or second aspect, and the method shown in any possible implementation thereof.

[0057] In a sixth aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when run on a computer, enables the implementation of any possible implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0058] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a communication device for performing a method for any possible implementation of any of the first to second aspects described above.

[0059] Eighthly, a chip or chip system is provided, comprising logic circuitry (or, as understood, a processor, which may include logic circuitry, etc.), and further comprising an input / output interface. The input / output interface can be used to input messages or to output messages. The input / output interface can be the same interface, i.e., the same interface can implement both sending and receiving functions; or, the input / output interface includes an input interface and an output interface, the input interface being used to implement the receiving function, i.e., to receive messages; and the output interface being used to implement the sending function, i.e., to send messages. The logic circuitry can be used to perform operations other than the sending and receiving functions in any possible implementation of any of the first to second aspects described above; the logic circuitry can also be used to transmit messages to the input / output interface or to receive messages from other communication devices from the input / output interface. The chip system can be used to implement any possible implementation of any of the first to second aspects described above. The chip system can be composed of a chip or can include chips and other discrete devices.

[0060] Optionally, the chip system may also include a memory, which can be used to store instructions, and the logic circuits can call the instructions stored in the memory to implement the corresponding functions.

[0061] A ninth aspect provides a communication system that may include core network equipment and a base station. The core network equipment may be used to implement the methods shown in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and the base station may be used to implement the methods shown in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0062] The technical effects brought about by the second to ninth aspects above can be found in the description of the beneficial effects of the corresponding solutions in the first aspect above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0063] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system.

[0064] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a cloud VR / AR communication network provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 4a An example diagram of an AI service graph network provided in this application embodiment;

[0067] Figure 4b Example diagram of another AI service graph network provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0068] Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating another communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0070] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0071] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0072] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operational methods in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments; therefore, the implementation of the device and the method can refer to each other, and repeated details will not be repeated.

[0073] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " signifies "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" in this application merely describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Furthermore, in the description of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more items, and "multiple" refers to two or more items. In the description of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0074] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one possible, non-limiting system. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the communication system 1000 includes a radio access network (RAN) 100 and a core network (CN) 200. Optionally, the communication system 1000 also includes an Internet 300. The RAN 100 includes at least one RAN node (e.g., Figure 1 110a and 110b, collectively referred to as 110) and at least one terminal (such as Figure 1 RAN100, denoted as RAN100, comprises RAN nodes 120a-120j, collectively referred to as RAN120. RAN100 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay equipment and / or wireless backhaul equipment. Figure 1(Not shown in the image). Terminal 120 is connected to RAN node 110 wirelessly. RAN node 110 is connected to core network 200 wirelessly or via wired connection. The core network equipment in core network 200 and RAN node 110 in RAN 100 can be different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating core network logical functions and radio access network logical functions.

[0075] RAN100 can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 4th generation (4G), 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems, or future-oriented evolution systems. RAN100 can also be an open RAN (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system. RAN100 can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0076] RAN node 110, sometimes also referred to as access network equipment, RAN entity, or access node, constitutes part of the communication system and is used to help terminals achieve wireless access. Multiple RAN nodes 110 in communication system 10 can be of the same type or different types. In some scenarios, the roles of RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are relative, for example... Figure 1 Network element 120i can be a helicopter or a drone, and it can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j that access RAN 100 through network element 120i, network element 120i is a base station; however, for base station 110a, network element 120i is a terminal. RAN node 110 and terminal 120 are sometimes referred to as communication devices, for example... Figure 1 Network elements 110a and 110b can be understood as communication devices with base station functions, while network elements 120a-120j can be understood as communication devices with terminal functions.

[0077] In one possible scenario, a RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system, etc. Figure 1 110a), micro base stations or indoor stations (such as Figure 1 The RAN node can be a relay node or donor node (as described in section 110b), or a wireless controller in a CRAN scenario. Optionally, the RAN node can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). All or part of the functions of the RAN node in this application can also be implemented through software functions running on hardware, or through virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). The RAN node can also be equipped with communication modules, circuits, or chips that perform corresponding communication functions. The RAN node can also be configured with program instructions for performing corresponding communication functions and corresponding program instructions. The RAN node in this application can also be a logical node, logical module, or software capable of implementing all or part of the RAN node functions.

[0078] In another possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), CU-control plane (CPs), CU-user plane (UPs), or radio units (RUs), etc. CUs and DUs can be set up separately or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs).

[0079] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules.

[0080] A terminal can be a device or module that accesses the aforementioned communication system and has corresponding communication functions. A terminal can also be called a terminal device, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, etc. Terminals can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, transportation vehicles with wireless communication capabilities, communication modules, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the device form of the terminal. A terminal typically contains a communication module, circuit, or chip that performs the corresponding communication function. The terminal can also be configured with program instructions for performing the corresponding communication function.

[0081] In recent years, with the continuous development of fifth-generation (5G) communication systems, data transmission latency has been continuously reduced and transmission capacity has been increasing. 5G communication systems have gradually added some multimedia services with strong real-time requirements and large data capacity requirements, such as video transmission, cloud gaming (CG), and extended reality (XR). XR includes virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR).

[0082] With the rapid increase in communication transmission speed, real-time video transmission has gradually become one of the core services in current networks. The continuous progress and improvement of extended reality technology has also led to the vigorous development of related industries. Today, VR technology, as a type of XR, has entered various fields closely related to people's production and lives, such as education, entertainment, military, medical care, environmental protection, transportation, and public health. Compared with traditional video services, VR has advantages such as multiple perspectives and strong interactivity, providing users with a completely new visual experience. VR integrates computer graphics, multimedia, and other technologies, simulating the functions of human sensory organs such as vision, hearing, and touch, making people feel as if they are actually there, immersed in a computer-generated virtual world, and able to communicate in real time through language and gestures, enhancing the sense of immersion. Through VR technology, users can not only feel as if they are there, but also break through the limitations of time and space, experiencing the wonder of entering a virtual world. AR, on the other hand, uses computer technology to overlay virtual information onto the real world, displaying it through devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and glasses, allowing people to perceive it, thus achieving a fusion of reality and virtuality and enriching the real world. In short, it means giving objects more information, enhancing their three-dimensionality, and improving their visual effects and interactive experience.

[0083] Cloud virtual reality (VR) and cloud augmented reality (AR) introduce the concepts and technologies of cloud computing and cloud rendering into VR / AR business applications. With the help of a high-speed and stable network, the display output and sound output in the cloud are transmitted to the user equipment (UE) after being encoded and compressed, realizing the uploading of VR / AR business content and rendering to the cloud. The VR / AR terminal devices can also meet the requirements of lightweight and mobility. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cloud VR / AR communication network architecture is given, along with the VR / AR terminal devices ( Figure 2 UE1 and UE2 in the network connect to the network through base stations or other access points to obtain VR / AR services from the cloud.

[0084] Cloud XR services have strict latency requirements for the network. The motion-to-photon (MTP) latency must be less than 20ms to provide an immersive experience for users; otherwise, it may cause motion sickness and result in a poor user experience. If asynchronous rendering technology is used, the end-to-end interaction latency can be relaxed to 70ms. After deducting the encoding and rendering latency on the server side and the decoding processing latency on the terminal, only 20ms of latency remains for network transmission, with 10ms each for uplink and downlink transmission. In recent years, with the evolution of XR services, including the maturity of haptic internet technology, the latency requirements for the network have become even more stringent. For example, in remote control systems, to ensure high fidelity of haptic and remote operation, the sampling rate of haptic information should be no less than 1kHz, with a transmission latency requirement of 5ms per sample, posing a significant challenge to 5G systems.

[0085] To support artificial intelligence (AI) technology in wireless networks, AI nodes may also be introduced into the network.

[0086] AI nodes can be deployed in Figure 1 The AI ​​node can be located in one or more of the following positions within the communication system shown: access network node (RAN node), terminal equipment, or core network equipment. Alternatively, the AI ​​node can be deployed independently, for example, in a location other than any of the above-mentioned devices, such as in the host or cloud server of an over-the-top (OTT) system. The AI ​​node can communicate with other devices in the communication system, which can be one or more of the following: network equipment, terminal equipment, or core network elements.

[0087] It is understood that this application does not limit the number of AI nodes. For example, when there are multiple AI nodes, these nodes can be divided based on function, such as different AI nodes being responsible for different functions.

[0088] It can also be understood that AI nodes can be independent devices, or they can be integrated into the same device to achieve different functions. Alternatively, they can be network elements in hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). This application does not limit the specific form of the aforementioned AI nodes.

[0089] AI nodes can be AI network elements or AI modules.

[0090] AI modules are used to implement corresponding AI functions. AI modules deployed in different network elements can be the same or different. The models of AI modules can achieve different functions depending on the parameter configurations. The models of AI modules can be configured based on one or more of the following parameters: structural parameters (e.g., at least one of the following: number of neural network layers, neural network width, inter-layer connections, neuron weights, neuron activation function, or biases in the activation function), input parameters (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the input parameters), or output parameters (e.g., the type and / or dimension of the output parameters). The biases in the activation function can also be referred to as the biases of the neural network.

[0091] In one example, the neural network mentioned above can be a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a generative adversarial network (GAN), or a long short-term memory network (LSTM).

[0092] Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are artificial neural network architectures with multiple layers of nonlinear transformation units stacked in a hierarchical structure to form deep computational models. Compared to shallow neural networks, deep neural networks have more hidden layers, allowing the network model to capture more complex data structures and higher-level abstract features.

[0093] A CNN is a deep neural network with a convolutional structure. A CNN contains a feature extractor consisting of convolutional layers and subsampling layers. This feature extractor can be viewed as a filter, and the convolution process can be seen as performing convolution between a trainable filter and an input image or a convolutional feature map.

[0094] RNN is a type of recursive neural network that takes sequence data as input, recursively moves along the direction of sequence evolution, and connects all nodes (recurrent units) in a chain-like manner.

[0095] GAN is a deep learning model. It consists of a generator and a discriminator, and is trained through adversarial learning. Its purpose is to estimate the potential distribution of data samples and generate new data samples.

[0096] LSTM is a special type of RNN used to process sequential data. It can capture long-term temporal dependencies and is suitable for tasks such as natural language processing and time series prediction.

[0097] An AI module can have one or more models. A model can infer an output, which includes one or more parameters. The learning, training, or inference processes of different models can be deployed on different nodes or devices, or they can be deployed on the same node or device.

[0098] A near real-time reconfigurable inference core (RIC) is used for model training and inference. For example, it's used to train an AI model and then use that model for inference. The near real-time RIC can obtain network-side and / or terminal-side information from RAN nodes (e.g., CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and / or RU) and / or terminals. This information can be used as training data or inference data. The near real-time RIC can deliver inference results to RAN nodes and / or terminals. Inference results can be exchanged between CUs and DUs, and / or between DUs and RUs. For example, the near real-time RIC delivers inference results to a DU, which then forwards them to an RU.

[0099] Non-real-time RICs are also used for model training and inference. For example, they are used to train AI models and then use those models for inference. Non-real-time RICs can obtain network-side and / or terminal-side information from RAN nodes (e.g., CUs, CU-CPs, CU-UPs, DUs, and / or RUs) and / or terminals. This information can be used as training data or inference data, and the inference results can be delivered to RAN nodes and / or terminals. Inference results can be exchanged between CUs and DUs, and / or between DUs and RUs; for example, a non-real-time RIC delivers inference results to a DU, which then forwards them to an RU.

[0100] Near real-time RICs and non-real-time RICs can also be configured as separate network elements. Near real-time RICs and non-real-time RICs can also be part of other devices. For example, near real-time RICs can be set in RAN nodes (e.g., CU, DU), while non-real-time RICs can be set in OAM, cloud servers, core network devices, or other network devices.

[0101] To meet the requirements of low-latency and high-reliability services, this application provides a communication method. The following is in conjunction with… Figure 3 The technical solution of this application will be described in detail with specific method embodiments. This communication method can be implemented by core network equipment and base stations. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the communication method may include:

[0102] S301: The core network equipment obtains the first predicted downlink transmission rate corresponding to the terminal equipment.

[0103] Optionally, before executing S301, the core network equipment may also receive a prediction request from the base station, which is used to request the core network equipment to predict the downlink transmission rate.

[0104] Optionally, the core network equipment can be a user plane function (UPF) network element in the core network; the UPF network element can be responsible for user plane packet processing and forwarding. It should be understood that the core network equipment can be other network elements in the core network, and this application does not limit it.

[0105] In this application embodiment, the transmission rate (or speed) can be understood as bit rate; or, the transmission rate can be understood as burst size, used to indicate the maximum peak value that the data stream may reach in a short period of time. The unit of bit rate can be bits per second (bps) or kilobits per second (kbps), and sometimes megabits per second (Mbps). The unit of burst size can be bytes or bits.

[0106] S302: The core network equipment sends first information to the base station accessed by the terminal equipment; the first information is used by the base station to optimize the transmission strategy between the terminal equipment and the base station. Correspondingly, the base station receives the first information from the core network equipment. The first information is determined based on a first predicted downlink transmission rate.

[0107] When the core network device is a UPF network element, the core network device can send the first information to the base station through the N3 interface; the first information can be carried in the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunneling Protocol-User Plane (GTP-U) extension header of the data packet.

[0108] In one possible design, the first information includes a first predicted downlink transmission rate; or, the first information includes first indication information, which indicates the relative relationship between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate; or, the first information includes second indication information, which indicates the optimization strategy corresponding to the transmission strategy.

[0109] Optionally, the first indication information is: the ratio (N) of the first predicted downlink transmission rate to the reference transmission rate; or, the difference (M) between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate.

[0110] For example, assuming a reference transmission rate of 20 Mbps and a first indication information indicating that N is 4, the first predicted transmission rate is 80 Mbps.

[0111] Optionally, the reference transmission rate can be a rate value preset between the core network equipment and the base station; or, the reference transmission rate can be the transmission rate of the currently transmitted data packet, that is, the reference transmission rate can be the transmission rate of the data packet used to carry the first information.

[0112] In some examples, the difference M indicated by the first indication information can be either positive or negative. In other examples, when the first indication information is used to indicate the difference M, the first information may also include a sign indicator that indicates whether M is positive or negative; for example, + indicates a positive number and - indicates a negative number.

[0113] For example, assuming the transmission rate of the data packet used to carry the first information is 30 Mbps, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the value of M is 60 Mbps, then the first predicted transmission rate is 90 Mbps.

[0114] For example, assuming the transmission rate of the data packet used to carry the first information is 30 Mbps, and the first indication information is used to indicate that the value of M is -10 Mbps, then the first predicted transmission rate is 20 Mbps.

[0115] Optionally, the optimization strategy indicated by the second indication information is: increase air interface resources; or, reduce air interface resources.

[0116] In one possible design, the core network device can also obtain the effective node information of the first information; the first information may include fourth indication information, which is used to indicate the effective node information.

[0117] In the embodiments of this application, an effective node can be understood as the information indicated by the first information taking effect within the scope indicated by the effective node; or, an effective data node can be understood as the information indicated by the first information taking effect from that data node, that is, the data node is the first effective data node from which the first information takes effect.

[0118] Optionally, the effective node information can be either the effective time node information or the effective data node information.

[0119] Optionally, the fourth indication information is the effective node information; or, the fourth indication information is the relative relationship between the effective node information and the reference node information.

[0120] In some examples, the effective node information is the information of the effective time node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference time node; the fourth indication information includes: the time interval T between the effective time node and the reference time node.

[0121] For example, assuming the reference time node is 16:58, and the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the time interval T is 2 minutes, then the effective time node is 17:00. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application do not limit the granularity of the time node; for example, the granularity of the time node can be minutes, seconds, milliseconds, etc.

[0122] For example, assuming the reference time node is from 15:45 to 16:45, and the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the time interval T is 3 hours, then the effective time node is from 18:45 to 19:45.

[0123] Optionally, the reference time node can be a time preset by the core network equipment and the base station; or, the reference time node can be the time corresponding to the currently transmitted data packet (e.g., the generation time, the sending time, etc.), that is, the reference time node can be the time corresponding to the data packet used to carry the first information.

[0124] For example, assuming the data packet carrying the first information corresponds to 8:30, and the fourth indication information indicates that the time interval T is 5 hours, then the effective time node is 13:30.

[0125] In other examples, the effective node information is the information of the effective data node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference data node; the fourth indication information includes: the data node interval S between the effective data node and the reference data node, where S is a positive integer. The data node may include a data packet or a set of data packets; the information of the data node is the sequence identifier of the data packet or the sequence identifier of the set of data packets.

[0126] In the embodiments of this application, the data packet may be a protocol data unit (PDU) or a service data unit (SDU), and the data packet set may be a PDU set or an SDU set.

[0127] In this embodiment of the application, the sequence identifier of the data packet may be, but is not limited to, the PDU setsequence number (PSSN).

[0128] For example, assuming the sequence number of the data packet corresponding to the reference data node is 5, and the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the value of the data node interval S is 6, then the sequence number of the data packet corresponding to the effective data node is 11.

[0129] For example, assuming the sequence number of the data packet corresponding to the reference data node is 3 to 5, and the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the data node interval S is 4, then the sequence number of the data packet corresponding to the effective data node is 7 to 9.

[0130] Optionally, the reference data node can be a sequence number of a data packet pre-set by the core network equipment and the base station; or, the reference data node can be the sequence number corresponding to the currently transmitted data packet, that is, the reference data node can be the time corresponding to the data packet used to carry the first information.

[0131] For example, assuming the sequence number of the data packet used to carry the first information is 2, and the fourth indication information is used to indicate that the value of the data node interval S is 8, then the sequence number of the data packet corresponding to the effective data node is 10.

[0132] S303: Based on the first information, the base station optimizes the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the base station.

[0133] In some examples, the base station optimizes the transmission strategy in at least one of the following ways:

[0134] Method A: The base station activates or deactivates the secondary cell based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate;

[0135] Method B: The base station performs or skips radio resource management (RRM) measurements based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate;

[0136] Method C: The base station adjusts the relevant parameters of connected mode discontinuous reception (CDRX) based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate.

[0137] For example, suppose the first information is used to indicate that the first predicted downlink transmission rate is 50 Mbps, while the predicted downlink transmission rate supported by the target channel between the terminal device and the base station is only 40 Mbps. Then the base station can enhance the air interface scheme by optimizing the transmission strategy. For example, the base station can activate the secondary cell, skip the RRM measurement, or adjust the relevant parameters of CDRX to reduce the consumption of air interface resources.

[0138] Optional, based on Figure 2As shown in the diagram, the cloud sends downlink data through the core network equipment. After receiving the downlink data transmission request, the core network equipment sends the downlink data to the base station. The base station then sends the downlink data to the terminal equipment based on the optimized transmission strategy.

[0139] For example, the core network device can receive downlink data with a transmission rate of 50 Mbps from the cloud server; the core network device sends the downlink data with a transmission rate of 50 Mbps to the base station; assuming that the target channel between the terminal device and the base station can support a downlink transmission rate of 50 Mbps based on the optimized transmission strategy, the base station can send the downlink data to the terminal device.

[0140] Using the methods shown in S301 to S303, the base station can optimize the transmission strategy corresponding to the target channel in advance based on the prediction of the downlink transmission rate by the core network equipment. This allows the base station to transmit downlink data based on the optimized transmission strategy when it receives downlink data at the downlink transmission rate. The optimized strategy is more compatible with the downlink transmission rate of the downlink data, which can ensure the needs of low-latency and high-reliability services and improve communication efficiency.

[0141] In one possible design, after S301, the core network equipment can adjust the downlink data transmission rate; that is, the core network equipment can adjust the transmission rate of the downlink data output by the application layer. The process by which the core network equipment adjusts the downlink data transmission rate may include steps 1 to 3.

[0142] Step 1: The base station can perform channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station to obtain the first predicted state information.

[0143] Step 2: The base station sends the first predicted state information to the core network equipment; correspondingly, the core network equipment can receive the first predicted state information from the base station.

[0144] Step 3: The core network equipment can also determine, based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the first predicted status information, to adjust the downlink data transmission rate to the first target transmission rate. In other words, the core network equipment determines the adjustment strategy (hereinafter referred to as Strategy A) for the downlink data transmission rate based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the first predicted status information as follows: adjust the downlink data transmission rate to the first target transmission rate.

[0145] It should be understood that step 3 does not mean the actual transmission of downlink data, but rather that the core network equipment performs a strategy analysis on the transmission process of the downlink data in advance.

[0146] Optionally, the value of the first target transmission rate can be located within the range formed by the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the second predicted downlink transmission rate supported by the target channel under the first predicted state information. The first predicted state information reflects the communication capability (e.g., data transmission capability) of the target channel; based on this, the transmission rate supported by the target channel between the base station and the terminal device is the second predicted downlink transmission rate.

[0147] For example, assuming the first predicted downlink transmission rate is 50 Mbps and the second predicted downlink transmission rate supported by the target channel under the first predicted state information is 30 Mbps, the value of the first target transmission rate can be between 30 Mbps and 50 Mbps; for example, the value of the first target transmission rate is 40 Mbps.

[0148] Based on the aforementioned design, after determining the downlink data transmission rate adjustment strategy (i.e., strategy A), the core network equipment can notify the base station of strategy A, so that the base station can adjust the transmission strategy between the terminal equipment and the base station based on strategy A (hereinafter referred to as strategy B). The specific implementation of S302 may include step 4, and the process of the base station determining strategy B may include step 5.

[0149] Step 4: The core network device sends first information to the base station; correspondingly, the base station receives the first information from the core network device. The first information includes third indication information, which instructs the core network device to adjust the expected downlink data transmission rate to a first target transmission rate (i.e., Strategy A).

[0150] Optionally, the third indication information is determined by the core network equipment based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the first predicted status information.

[0151] Step 5: The base station optimizes the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the base station based on the third indication information in the first information; that is, the base station determines strategy B based on the third indication information.

[0152] In some examples, the base station optimizes the transmission strategy based on the first target transmission rate in the third indication information. The base station optimizes the transmission strategy in at least one of the following ways:

[0153] Method 1: The base station activates or deactivates the secondary cell based on the primary target transmission rate.

[0154] Method 2: The base station performs or skips RRM measurement based on the first target transmission rate;

[0155] Method 3: The base station adjusts the relevant parameters of CDRX according to the first target transmission rate.

[0156] It should be understood that step 5 does not mean the actual transmission of downlink data, but rather that the base station performs a strategy analysis on the transmission process of the downlink data in advance.

[0157] Optionally, when the core network device determines that the first target transmission rate and the second predicted downlink transmission rate supported by the target channel under the first predicted state information meet certain conditions (e.g., the difference is less than a threshold), the capability of the target channel and the transmission rate of downlink data are highly matched, and the core network device can skip steps 4 and 5 and execute subsequent steps.

[0158] In some examples, the downlink data service requires the highest possible transmission rate. When the core network device determines that the first target transmission rate is less than or equal to the second predicted downlink transmission rate supported by the target channel under the first predicted state information, the target channel is sufficient to support the downlink data at the first target transmission rate. The core network device can skip steps 4 and 5 and proceed with the subsequent steps.

[0159] Based on the aforementioned design, the process by which the core network equipment adjusts the downlink data transmission rate may also include downlink data transmission; the process by which the core network equipment transmits downlink data may include steps 6 and 7. It should be understood that regardless of whether steps 4 and 5 are executed, the process by which the core network equipment transmits downlink data can be achieved through the aforementioned steps 6 and 7.

[0160] Step 6: Within the first time period, the core network equipment adjusts the downlink data transmission rate of the terminal equipment to the buffer rate, and the value of the buffer rate is within the range formed by the current actual transmission rate and the first target transmission rate.

[0161] Step 7: During the second time period following the first time period, the core network equipment adjusts the downlink data transmission rate to the first target transmission rate.

[0162] In some examples, the first duration is the time period before the effective time node of the first information, and the second duration includes the effective time node of the first information, so as to ensure that the downlink data transmission rate reaches the first target transmission rate within the effective time node of the first information.

[0163] In other examples, the first duration is the time period corresponding to the data nodes before the effective data node of the first information, and the second duration includes the time period corresponding to the effective data node of the first information, so as to ensure that the downlink data transmission rate within the effective data node of the first information reaches the first target transmission rate.

[0164] For example, assuming the current actual transmission rate is 80Mbps and the first target transmission rate is 20Mbps, the buffer rate can be between 20Mbps and 80Mbps; for example, the buffer rate could be 50Mbps. If the downlink data transmission rate is reduced from 80Mbps to 20Mbps within a short period, and the downlink data is the video data the user is currently acquiring, the user may perceive a significant decrease in video data quality (image quality, clarity, stuttering). However, introducing the concept of buffer rate allows for a smoother transition in the downlink data transmission rate, effectively improving the user experience.

[0165] By using the methods in steps 6 and 7, the core network equipment can first adjust the downlink data transmission rate to the buffer rate, and then adjust the downlink data transmission rate to the first target transmission rate, so that the downlink data transmission rate can smoothly transition to the first target transmission rate, reduce the drastic changes in downlink data quality perceived by users, and improve user experience.

[0166] When steps 4 and 5 are not executed, the core network equipment adjusts the downlink data transmission rate so that the base station receives downlink data from the core network equipment at the first target transmission rate. Regardless of whether the base station adjusts the transmission strategy between the terminal equipment and the base station, this scheme can alleviate the load pressure on the base station to a certain extent and improve data transmission efficiency.

[0167] When steps 4 and 5 are executed, for example, assuming the first predicted downlink transmission rate is 80 Mbps, the core network device determines a first target transmission rate of 60 Mbps based on strategy A; the base station, based on strategy A determined by the core network device, determines a scheme to optimize the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the base station (i.e., determines strategy B). For example, under the transmission strategy before optimization, the target channel supports a transmission rate of 50 Mbps, and under the optimized transmission strategy, the target channel supports a transmission rate of 60 Mbps. Based on the aforementioned scheme, the core network device adjusts the downlink data transmission rate through strategy A. After the base station receives downlink data with the first target transmission rate from the core network device, the base station can transmit the downlink data to the terminal device based on the transmission strategy (i.e., strategy B) determined in step 5. In this way, strategy optimization from both the core network device and the base station further improves the matching degree between the downlink data transmission rate and the transmission strategy corresponding to the target channel, thereby improving transmission efficiency. In addition, prioritizing strategy optimization on the core network device side when resources are sufficient can reduce the impact on the base station side.

[0168] In another possible design, after determining the optimized processing strategy corresponding to the transmission strategy (hereinafter referred to as Strategy C), the base station can also perform channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station based on the optimized transmission strategy, and notify the core network device of the prediction status information corresponding to the target channel, so that the core network device can adjust the downlink data transmission rate based on the prediction status information (this adjustment strategy can be referred to as Strategy D). The specific implementation of this design may include the following steps a to c:

[0169] Step a: The base station performs channel prediction on the optimized target channel based on the optimized transmission strategy (i.e., strategy C) to obtain the second predicted state information.

[0170] Optionally, before executing step a, the base station may also determine the optimized processing strategy based on the first information, for example, by determining the optimized processing strategy through S303. It should be understood that determining the optimized processing strategy does not imply the actual transmission of downlink data, but rather that the base station performs a strategy analysis on the downlink data transmission process in advance.

[0171] Step b: The base station sends the second predicted state information to the core network equipment; correspondingly, the core network equipment receives the second predicted state information of the target channel from the base station.

[0172] Step c: The core network equipment adjusts the downlink data transmission rate to the second target transmission rate based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the second predicted state information. In other words, the core network equipment determines strategy D.

[0173] Optionally, the value of the second target transmission rate is located within the range formed by the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the third predicted downlink transmission rate supported by the target channel under the second predicted state information.

[0174] For example, assuming the first predicted downlink transmission rate is 50 Mbps, the downlink transmission rate supported by the target channel between the base station and the terminal device before executing strategy C is 30 Mbps, and the third predicted downlink transmission rate supported by the target channel under the second predicted state information (based on strategy C) is 40 Mbps, then the second target transmission rate can be between 40 Mbps and 50 Mbps; for example, the second target transmission rate can be 40 Mbps. Thus, strategy C increases the transmission rate supported by the target channel from 30 Mbps to 40 Mbps; strategy D reduces the downlink transmission rate from 50 Mbps to 40 Mbps, improving the matching degree between data and channel during downlink transmission.

[0175] Based on the aforementioned design, the core network equipment can also execute the scheme corresponding to strategy D. The process by which the core network equipment adjusts the downlink data transmission rate may include: adjusting the downlink data transmission rate to the second target transmission rate; this process may refer to steps 6 and 7 to achieve a similar gain effect as steps 6 and 7, that is, to achieve a smooth transition of the downlink data transmission rate to the second target transmission rate, reduce the strong change in downlink data quality perceived by the user, and improve the user experience.

[0176] After step c is executed, the core network equipment transmits downlink data based on the scheme corresponding to policy D, and the base station transmits downlink data based on the scheme corresponding to policy C.

[0177] This approach, optimizing strategies from both the core network equipment and base station perspectives, further improves the matching degree between the downlink data transmission rate and the transmission strategy corresponding to the target channel, thereby increasing transmission efficiency. Furthermore, prioritizing strategy optimization at the base station side when resources are sufficient reduces the impact on the core network equipment.

[0178] In one possible design, the process by which the core network equipment in S301 obtains the first predicted downlink transmission rate corresponding to the terminal equipment may include steps X and Y.

[0179] Step X: The terminal device sends a Real-Time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP) packet feedback information to the core network device. This RTCP packet feedback information indicates the downlink data transmission information between the terminal device and the base station. Correspondingly, the core network device receives the RTCP packet feedback information from the terminal device.

[0180] Optionally, the RTCP packet feedback information may include downlink performance metrics, which include quality of service parameters such as packet loss information and / or latency information between the terminal device and the base station.

[0181] Optionally, the RTCP packet feedback information may include transmission quality information of at least one RTP (real-time transport protocol packet) packet, which is used to determine downlink performance metrics. These downlink performance metrics include quality of service parameters such as packet loss information and / or latency information between the terminal device and the base station.

[0182] For example, RTCP packet feedback information can be implemented through sender reports (SR) or receiver reports (RR). The SR report includes at least one of the following: the RTP timestamp, the total number of RTP packets sent by the sender, and the total number of RTP bytes sent. The RR report includes at least one of the following: the fractional loss between two adjacent RR messages, the interarrival jitter between two inputs, and the round-trip time (RTT). RTT is determined based on the current time when the receiver received the RTP packet, the timestamp of the last SR message (last SR, LR), and the delay since the last status report (delay since last SR, DLSR).

[0183] Before executing step X, the core network device may send a first feedback request to the terminal device. The first feedback request is used to request the RTCP packet feedback information corresponding to the current time.

[0184] Step Y: The core network equipment determines the first predicted downlink transmission rate based on the RTCP packet feedback information.

[0185] For example, the core network equipment can predict the first downlink transmission rate based on packet loss information and latency information between the terminal equipment and the base station.

[0186] To improve the accuracy of business forecasting, embodiments of this application may introduce a business model (also known as a business forecasting model or AI model) to predict the future situation (transmission demand) of downlink data services.

[0187] In some examples, the model can be deployed on Figure 1 The core network equipment in the communication system shown.

[0188] In other examples, the model can be deployed anywhere it can interact with core network equipment. For instance, the model can be deployed as a standalone device. Or, the model can be deployed at... Figure 1 Any device in the communication system shown. For example, the model can be deployed in... Figure 1 The location outside of any device in the communication system shown.

[0189] In this embodiment, the nodes deployed in the model can be AI nodes (or AI modules), and the AI ​​nodes can be deployed on... Figure 1 Any location in the communication system shown. Furthermore, the number of models is not limited in the embodiments of this application.

[0190] Based on the foregoing description of the business model, step X can be achieved through model reasoning. In some examples, step X includes steps X1 and X2.

[0191] Step X1: The core network equipment determines the downlink performance indicators between the terminal equipment and the base station based on the RTCP packet feedback information; the downlink performance indicators include packet loss information and / or latency information.

[0192] In some examples, downlink performance metrics may also include other quality of service parameters, which are not limited in this application.

[0193] Step X2: The core network equipment determines the first predicted downlink transmission rate based on downlink performance indicators and the prediction model; the prediction model is generated based on feedback information from multiple historical RTCP packets.

[0194] In some examples, step X2 can be implemented as follows: the core network device uses the downlink performance indicators corresponding to the RTCP packet feedback information as the input value of the service model, and can output the first predicted downlink transmission rate through the service model.

[0195] In other examples, step X2 can be implemented as follows: the core network device uses the RTCP packet feedback information as the input value of the service model, and then outputs the first predicted downlink transmission rate through the service model.

[0196] It should be understood that when the prediction model is deployed on a target device outside the core network device, step X2 can be implemented jointly by the core network device and the target device, which will not be elaborated here.

[0197] In one possible design, the training process of the service model may include: the terminal device sending historical RTCP packet feedback information to the core network device, the historical RTCP packet feedback information including at least one RTCP packet feedback information within a certain period of time; the core network device training and generating the service model based on the historical RTCP packet feedback information.

[0198] In some examples, the process of the aforementioned terminal device sending historical RTCP packet feedback information to the core network device may include: the terminal device periodically sending RTCP packet feedback information to the core network device over a period of time, so that the core network device can accumulate and collect historical RTCP packet feedback information.

[0199] In other examples, the process of the aforementioned terminal device sending historical RTCP packet feedback information to the core network device may include: the core network device sending a second feedback request to the terminal device, the second feedback request being used to request the acquisition of RTCP packet feedback information within a preset time period; and the terminal device sending the historical RTCP packet feedback information within the preset time period to the core network device.

[0200] Optionally, the core network equipment can use historical RTCP feedback information as input to the neural network, and use real-time changes in source control policy behavior as labels to train the neural network model until the model converges. The source control policy behavior includes the downlink data sender's adjustment strategies for downlink data transmission rate, data volume, and bandwidth usage.

[0201] Optionally, the trained model can be used for long-term model inference, or it can be continuously iterated and updated for the next model inference.

[0202] In some examples, each time the model inference process shown in steps X1 and X2 is executed, the business model generated by the aforementioned training is directly invoked. Figure 4a The memoryless AI service graph network provided in this application embodiment can refer to the aforementioned model training process. Figure 4a The principle shown.

[0203] In other examples, after completing the model inference process shown in steps X1 and X2, the core network device (or AI node) can also iterate the business model based on the input and output information in the inference process to obtain a new model for the next model inference process. Figure 4b The aforementioned model iteration process can be referenced in the AI ​​service graph network with memory provided in this application embodiment. Figure 4b The principle shown.

[0204] In some possible examples, embodiments of this application can be implemented through... Figure 5 The flowchart shown is used to implement this.

[0205] refer to Figure 5 Assuming the core network equipment is a UPF network element, and the UPF network element is equipped with a service prediction module, which is used to train and infer the service model; the terminal equipment is identified by UE. The communication method shown in this application includes the following steps:

[0206] S501: The UE sends RTCP packets to the UPF network element to provide feedback information. For example, the UE can periodically send RTCP packets to the UPF network element to provide feedback information.

[0207] S502: The UPF network element trains the model based on the feedback information of historically received RTCP packets to generate a service model.

[0208] S503: The UPF network element inputs the feedback information from the RTCP packets received in real time into the model to obtain the service prediction result (i.e., the first predicted downlink transmission rate in the aforementioned embodiment).

[0209] The implementation of S501 to S503 can refer to the training and inference processes of the business model in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0210] S504: The base station sends channel capabilities to the UPF network element; wherein the channel capabilities refer to the first predicted state information or the second predicted state information in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0211] S505: The UPF network element can adjust the transmission rate of the received downlink data based on the service prediction results and the channel capabilities of the base station. S505 can refer to the description of steps 1 to 3 and steps 6 to 7 in the foregoing embodiments.

[0212] S506: The UPF network element can also send service prediction results to the base station, which can adjust the transmission strategy of the channel corresponding to the downlink data based on the service prediction results. S506 can refer to S302 and S303 in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0213] In some possible examples, embodiments of this application can be implemented through... Figure 6 The flowchart shown is used to implement this.

[0214] refer to Figure 6 Assuming the core network equipment is equipped with a service prediction module used for training and inference of the service model; and the terminal device is a head-mounted display device. The communication method shown in this application includes the following steps:

[0215] S601: The head-mounted display device sends RTCP packet feedback information to the core network device. For example, the head-mounted display device can periodically send RTCP packet feedback information to the core network device.

[0216] S602: The core network equipment generates a service model based on the RTCP packet feedback information, and generates a service prediction result (i.e., the first predicted downlink transmission rate in the aforementioned embodiment) based on the service model.

[0217] The implementation of S601 and S602 can refer to the training and inference processes of the business model in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0218] S603: The core network equipment sends the service prediction results to the base station. The implementation of S603 can refer to S302 in the aforementioned embodiment.

[0219] S604: The core network equipment and base station adjust the transmission strategy based on the aforementioned service prediction results; the core network equipment transmits downlink data to the head-mounted display device through the base station. S604 can refer to S303 in the aforementioned embodiments; or, refer to steps 1 to 7 in the aforementioned embodiments; or, refer to steps a to c in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0220] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0221] It should also be noted that each step in the above embodiments can be executed by the corresponding device, or by components such as chips, processors, or chip systems within that device. The embodiments of this application do not limit their execution. The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of execution by the corresponding device. Furthermore, the specific implementation methods or examples in the above embodiments do not limit the solutions provided by the embodiments of this application.

[0222] Based on the same technical concept, this application provides a communication device, which includes modules, units or means that perform the method steps in the above method embodiments. The functions, units or means can be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.

[0223] For example, see Figure 7 The communication device 700 may include a processing module 701 and a communication module 702.

[0224] Optionally, the communication module 702 may include a sending module and / or a receiving module. The sending module is used to perform the sending operation in the above method embodiments. The receiving module is used to perform the receiving operation in the above method embodiments. It should be noted that the communication device 700 may only include a sending module and not a receiving module. Alternatively, the communication device 700 may only include a receiving module and not a sending module. Specifically, it depends on whether the above scheme performed by the communication device 700 includes both sending and receiving actions.

[0225] The processing module 701 is used for data processing. The communication module 702 can implement the corresponding communication functions.

[0226] Optionally, the communication device 700 may further include a storage module, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing module 701 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module so that the communication device 700 can implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0227] It should be understood that all relevant content of each step involved in the above method embodiments can be referenced to the functional description of the corresponding functional module.

[0228] The processing module 701 in the above embodiments can be implemented by at least one processor or processor-related circuitry. The communication module 702 can be implemented by a transceiver or transceiver-related circuitry. The communication module 702 can also be referred to as a communication module or a communication interface.

[0229] For example, the communication device 700 can be a core network device or a component configured inside the core network device. The processing module 701 is used to obtain a first predicted downlink transmission rate corresponding to the terminal device; the communication module 702 is used to send first information to the base station accessed by the terminal device; the first information is determined based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate, and the first information is used by the base station to optimize the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the base station.

[0230] In one possible design, the first information may include a first predicted downlink transmission rate; or, the first information may include first indication information, which indicates the relative relationship between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate; or, the first information may include second indication information, which indicates the optimization strategy corresponding to the transmission strategy.

[0231] In one possible design, the first indication information is: the ratio of the first predicted downlink transmission rate to the reference transmission rate; or, the difference between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate.

[0232] In one possible design, the communication module 702 is further configured to: receive first prediction state information from the base station; the first prediction state information is obtained by the base station performing channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station; the processing module 701 is further configured to: determine, based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the first prediction state information, to adjust the transmission rate of the downlink data to the first target transmission rate.

[0233] In one possible design, the communication module 702 is specifically used to: determine third indication information based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the first predicted state information; the third indication information is used to instruct the communication device 700 to adjust the expected downlink data transmission rate to the first target transmission rate; and send first information to the base station, the first information including the third indication information.

[0234] In one possible design, the communication module 702 is further configured to: receive second prediction state information from the base station; the second prediction state information is obtained by the base station performing channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station based on the optimized transmission strategy; the processing module 701 is further configured to: adjust the transmission rate of the downlink data to the second target transmission rate according to the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the second prediction state information.

[0235] In one possible design, the processing module 701 is specifically used to: receive RTCP packet feedback information from the terminal device through the communication module 702, the RTCP packet feedback information being used to indicate downlink data transmission information between the terminal device and the base station; and determine a first predicted downlink transmission rate based on the RTCP packet feedback information.

[0236] In one possible design, the processing module 701 is specifically used to: determine downlink performance indicators between the terminal device and the base station based on RTCP packet feedback information; the downlink performance indicators include packet loss information and / or latency information; determine a first predicted downlink transmission rate based on the downlink performance indicators and a prediction model; the prediction model is generated based on training information from multiple historical RTCP packets.

[0237] In one possible design, the communication module 702 is further configured to: obtain effective node information of the first information; the first information includes fourth indication information, which is used to indicate the effective node information.

[0238] In one possible design, the effective node information is either the effective time node information or the effective data node information.

[0239] In one possible design, the fourth indication information is the effective node information; or, the fourth indication information is the relative relationship between the effective node information and the reference node information.

[0240] In one possible design, the effective node information is the information of the effective time node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference time node; the fourth indication information may include: the time interval between the effective time node and the reference time node.

[0241] In one possible design, the effective node information is the information of the effective data node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference data node; the fourth indication information may include: the data node interval between the effective data node and the reference data node.

[0242] In one possible design, a data node includes: a data packet or a set of data packets; the information of the data node is the sequence identifier of the data packet or the sequence identifier of the set of data packets.

[0243] For example, the communication device 700 may be a core network device or a component configured within the core network device. The communication module 702 is used to receive first information from the core network device; the first information is determined based on a first predicted downlink transmission rate of the terminal device; the processing module 701 is used to optimize the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the communication device 700 based on the first information.

[0244] In one possible design, the first information may include a first predicted downlink transmission rate; or, the first information may include first indication information, which indicates the relative relationship between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate; or, the first information may include second indication information, which indicates the optimization strategy corresponding to the transmission strategy.

[0245] In one possible design, the first indication information is: the ratio of the first predicted downlink transmission rate to the reference transmission rate; or, the difference between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate.

[0246] In one possible design, the processing module 701 is specifically used to: activate or deactivate the secondary cell based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate; perform or skip RRM measurements based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate; and adjust relevant parameters of CDRX based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate.

[0247] In one possible design, the processing module 701 is further configured to: perform channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the communication device 700 to obtain first prediction state information; the communication module 702 is further configured to: send the first prediction state information to the core network device.

[0248] In one possible design, the first information may include third indication information; the third indication information is used to instruct the core network equipment to adjust the expected downlink data transmission rate to the first target transmission rate; the processing module 701 is specifically used to: activate or deactivate the secondary cell according to the first target transmission rate; perform or skip RRM measurement according to the first target transmission rate; and adjust the relevant parameters of CDRX according to the first target transmission rate.

[0249] In one possible design, the processing module 701 is further configured to: perform channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the communication device 700 based on the optimized transmission strategy to obtain second prediction state information; the communication module 702 is further configured to: send the second prediction state information to the core network device.

[0250] In one possible design, the first information may include fourth indication information, which is used to indicate the effective node information of the first information.

[0251] In one possible design, the effective node information is either the effective time node or the effective data node.

[0252] In one possible design, the fourth instruction information may include effective node information, or it may include the relative relationship between effective node information and reference node information.

[0253] In one possible design, the effective node information is the information of the effective time node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference time node; the fourth indication information includes: the time interval between the effective time node and the reference time node.

[0254] In one possible design, the effective node information is the information of the effective data node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference data node; the fourth indication information includes: the data node interval between the effective data node and the reference data node.

[0255] In one possible design, a data node includes: a data packet or a set of data packets; the information of the data node is the sequence identifier of the data packet or the sequence identifier of the set of data packets.

[0256] The following is another structural schematic diagram of the communication device according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 8 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a communication device 800, including:

[0257] At least one processor 801; and a communication interface 803 communicatively connected to the at least one processor 801; the at least one processor 801 causes the device to perform the method steps in the above method embodiments through the communication interface 803 by executing instructions stored in the memory 802.

[0258] The memory 802 may be located outside the communication device 800. Alternatively, the memory 802 may be located inside the communication device 800. Optionally, the communication device 800 includes the memory 802, which is connected to the at least one processor 801, and stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 801. (Appendix) Figure 8 The dashed line indicates that memory 802 is optional for communication device 800.

[0259] The processor 801 and the memory 802 can be coupled through an interface circuit or integrated together; no restriction is imposed here.

[0260] This application embodiment does not limit the specific connection medium between the processor 801, memory 802, and communication interface 803. This application embodiment... Figure 8The processor 801, memory 802, and communication interface 803 are connected via a bus 804. Figure 8 The connections between other components are shown in bold and are for illustrative purposes only, not as limiting information. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, Figure 8 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0261] Optionally, in some examples, the communication device 800 may also include an antenna 805, which is connected to the communication interface 803.

[0262] Taking a base station as an example, when the communication device 800 is a base station, the base station may include a processor, a memory, and a communication interface. The memory may store computer program code, and the communication interface includes a transmitter and a receiver.

[0263] The processor is primarily used for processing communication protocols and data; controlling terminal devices; executing software programs; and processing data from those programs. The memory is primarily used for storing software programs and data. The transmitter is used to send signals to other communication devices or equipment, and the receiver is used to receive signals from other communication devices or equipment.

[0264] When the communication device 800 is a chip in a terminal device, the chip may include a processor, a memory, and a transceiver. The transceiver may be an input / output circuit or a communication interface. The processor may be a processing module integrated on the chip, a microprocessor, or an integrated circuit. In the above method embodiments, the transmitting operation of the core network device (or base station) can be understood as the output of the chip, and the receiving operation of the core network device (or base station) in the above method embodiments can be understood as the input of the chip.

[0265] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or software. When implemented in hardware, the processor can be a logic circuit, integrated circuit, etc. When implemented in software, the processor can be a general-purpose processor, implemented by reading software code stored in memory.

[0266] For example, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0267] It should be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0268] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0269] It should be noted that the memories described herein are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.

[0270] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, including a program or instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the methods in the above method embodiments to be executed.

[0271] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, including instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the methods in the above method embodiments to be executed.

[0272] Based on the same technical concept, embodiments of this application also provide a communication system, which may include a base station and core network equipment. For example, this communication system can be used to implement... Figure 3 The method flow is described in the text. Optionally, the communication system may also include other communication devices.

[0273] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0274] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to this application. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0275] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0276] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0277] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0278] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers described above does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

Claims

1. A communication method applied to core network equipment, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the first predicted downlink transmission rate corresponding to the terminal device; The terminal device sends first information to the base station it accesses; the first information is determined based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate, and the first information is used by the base station to optimize the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the base station.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first information includes the first predicted downlink transmission rate; or The first information includes first indication information, which indicates the relative relationship between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate; or The first information includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the optimization strategy corresponding to the transmission strategy.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first indication information is: The ratio of the first predicted downlink transmission rate to the reference transmission rate; or, the difference between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The system receives first prediction state information from the base station; the first prediction state information is obtained by the base station performing channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station. Based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the first predicted state information, it is determined that the transmission rate of the downlink data will be adjusted to the first target transmission rate.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Sending the first information to the base station accessed by the terminal device includes: Based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the first predicted status information, a third indication information is determined; the third indication information is used to instruct the core network device to adjust the expected transmission rate of the downlink data to the first target transmission rate. The first information is sent to the base station, and the first information includes the third indication information.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The system receives second prediction status information from the base station; the second prediction status information is obtained by the base station performing channel prediction on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station based on the optimized transmission strategy. Based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the second predicted state information, the transmission rate of the downlink data is adjusted to the second target transmission rate.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the first predicted downlink transmission rate corresponding to the terminal device includes: The terminal device receives Real-Time Transmission Control Protocol (RTCP) packet feedback information, which is used to indicate downlink data transmission information between the terminal device and the base station. The first predicted downlink transmission rate is determined based on the RTCP packet feedback information.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Determining the first predicted downlink transmission rate based on the RTCP packet feedback information includes: The downlink performance metrics between the terminal device and the base station are determined based on the RTCP packet feedback information; the downlink performance metrics include packet loss information and / or latency information. The first predicted downlink transmission rate is determined based on the downlink performance indicators and the prediction model; the prediction model is generated by training based on feedback information from multiple historical RTCP packets.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the effective node information of the first information; The first information includes fourth indication information, which is used to indicate the effective node information.

10. The method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The effective node information is either the effective time node information or the effective data node information.

11. The method as described in claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The fourth indication information is the effective node information; or, the fourth indication information is the relative relationship between the effective node information and the reference node information.

12. The method as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The effective node information is the information of the effective time node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference time node; The fourth indication information includes: The time interval between the effective time node and the reference time node.

13. The method as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The effective node information is the information of the effective data node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference data node; The fourth indication information includes: The data node interval between the effective data node and the reference data node.

14. The method as described in claim 13, characterized in that, The data node includes: a data packet or a set of data packets; the information of the data node is the sequence identifier of the data packet or the sequence identifier of the set of data packets.

15. A communication method applied to a base station, characterized in that, The method includes: Receive first information from the core network equipment; the first information is determined based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate of the terminal equipment; Based on the first information, the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the base station is optimized.

16. The method as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The first information includes the first predicted downlink transmission rate; or The first information includes first indication information, which indicates the relative relationship between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate; or The first information includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the optimization strategy corresponding to the transmission strategy.

17. The method as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The first indication information is: The ratio of the first predicted downlink transmission rate to the reference transmission rate; or, the difference between the first predicted downlink transmission rate and the reference transmission rate.

18. The method as described in claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, The step of optimizing the transmission strategy between the terminal device and the base station based on the first information includes: Based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate, activate or deactivate the secondary cell; Based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate, perform or skip Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurements; Based on the first predicted downlink transmission rate, adjust the relevant parameters of the discontinuous reception CDRX in connected mode.

19. The method as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The method further includes: Channel prediction is performed on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station to obtain first prediction state information; The first predicted state information is sent to the core network device.

20. The method as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the optimized transmission strategy, channel prediction is performed on the target channel between the terminal device and the base station to obtain second prediction state information; The second predicted status information is sent to the core network equipment.

21. The method according to any one of claims 15-20, characterized in that, The first information includes fourth indication information, which is used to indicate the effective node information of the first information.

22. The method as described in claim 21, characterized in that, The effective node information is either the effective time node or the effective data node.

23. The method as described in claim 21 or 22, characterized in that, The fourth indication information includes the effective node information, or the relative relationship between the effective node information and the reference node information.

24. The method as described in claim 23, characterized in that, The effective node information is the information of the effective time node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference time node; The fourth indication information includes: The time interval between the effective time node and the reference time node.

25. The method as described in claim 23, characterized in that, The effective node information is the information of the effective data node, and the reference node information is the information of the reference data node; The fourth indication information includes: The data node interval between the effective data node and the reference data node.

26. The method as described in claim 25, characterized in that, The data node includes: a data packet or a set of data packets; the information of the data node is the sequence identifier of the data packet or the sequence identifier of the set of data packets.

27. A communication device, characterized in that, Includes units or modules for performing the method as described in any one of claims 1-26.

28. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes at least one processor for executing computer programs or instructions to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1-26.

29. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program or instructions, and when the computer program or instructions are executed by a communication device, the method as described in any one of claims 1-26 is implemented.

30. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is executed by a computer, the computer performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-26.

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