An RFID-based ship anchor chain ring-anchor chain wheel cooperative monitoring system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a ship anchor chain ring-anchor chain wheel cooperative monitoring system and method based on RFID, the system comprises a passive anchor chain ring monitoring node, an active anchor chain wheel monitoring node, an RFID reader, a bridge main machine and a shore-based monitoring center. The method synchronously collects anchor chain ring strain and anchor chain wheel strain data, respectively inverts into tension values and tension correlation values, after time sequence correlation verification, outputs the anchor chain state according to the cooperative judgment rule; the application realizes double verification of direct anchor chain monitoring and indirect anchor chain wheel verification, effectively eliminates single-point error and environmental interference, improves the accuracy and reliability of tension failure identification, simplifies the system structure, is flexible in deployment, supports multi-ship centralized monitoring and intelligent early warning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ship anchoring safety monitoring technology, specifically to an RFID-based ship anchor chain ring-anchor chain wheel collaborative monitoring system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Anchor chains are the core load-bearing components of a ship's anchoring system, and their working condition directly affects the safety of anchoring. With the increasing size of ships and the rise of deep-sea anchoring operations, anchor chains are subjected to complex dynamic loads over long periods of time and are also exposed to corrosion and wear from the marine environment. This makes them prone to localized tension anomalies, fatigue damage, and other potential hazards. If these hazards are not detected in time, they may lead to overall tension failure and cause safety accidents. Therefore, accurate monitoring of anchor chains is of paramount importance.

[0003] The current mainstream pin-type sensor monitoring method, which replaces the original pin and mechanically fixes it for installation, can obtain the overall tension data of the anchor chain, but it has obvious limitations: it can only monitor the overall tension and cannot locate the location of local hidden dangers; the installation parameter matching requirements are high, and the sensor is easily affected by the marine environment, resulting in insufficient monitoring stability; at the same time, existing technologies mostly monitor the anchor chain alone, lacking collaborative analysis with the meshing parts (anchor chain wheel), which is prone to false alarms and cannot meet the monitoring requirements of high precision and high reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide an RFID-based ship anchor chain ring-anchor chain wheel collaborative monitoring system and method to solve the problems existing in the background technology.

[0005] Technical Solution: The present invention discloses an RFID-based ship anchor chain ring-anchor chain wheel collaborative monitoring system, comprising: an anchor chain ring monitoring node disposed on the inner wall of the anchor chain ring for collecting anchor chain ring strain data; an anchor chain wheel monitoring node disposed on the side surface of the anchor chain wheel for collecting anchor chain wheel strain data; an RFID reader for reading data from the anchor chain ring monitoring node and the anchor chain wheel monitoring node; and a data processing host for receiving data transmitted by the RFID reader and performing collaborative analysis and tension failure identification; wherein, the anchor chain ring monitoring node is a passive design, directly attached to the inner wall of the anchor chain ring; and the anchor chain wheel monitoring node is an active design, with a built-in power supply, fixed in the strain-sensitive area of ​​the anchor chain wheel.

[0006] Furthermore, the anchor chain ring monitoring node includes a piezoelectric strain gauge and an RFID tag chip. The strain data collected by the piezoelectric strain gauge is directly transmitted to the RFID tag chip for storage.

[0007] Furthermore, the anchor chain wheel monitoring node includes a piezoelectric strain gauge, an RFID tag chip, and a built-in battery. The strain data collected by the piezoelectric strain gauge is buffered by the RFID tag chip and then read by an RFID reader.

[0008] Furthermore, RFID readers include fixed readers and handheld readers. Fixed readers are installed next to the anchor winch for automatic data collection; handheld readers are used for manual inspection and emergency data retransmission.

[0009] Furthermore, the data processing host includes a bridge host and a shore-based monitoring center. The bridge host is used for real-time data processing and local early warning, while the shore-based monitoring center is used for centralized display of multi-ship data, historical playback, and remote scheduling.

[0010] The present invention discloses an RFID-based method for collaborative monitoring of ship anchor chain links and anchor sprockets, comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) Collect anchor chain strain data through the anchor chain ring monitoring node and invert it into anchor chain ring tension value;

[0012] (2) Collect anchor chain wheel strain data through the anchor chain wheel monitoring node and convert it into anchor chain wheel tension correlation value;

[0013] (3) Perform a time-series correlation verification on the anchor chain ring tension value and the anchor chain wheel tension value to determine whether the two are effectively correlated;

[0014] (4) Based on the anchor chain ring tension value, the anchor chain wheel tension correlation value and their correlation status, execute the collaborative judgment rule and output the anchor chain tension status result;

[0015] (5) Trigger different levels of early warning signals based on the judgment results, and push the early warning information to the shore-based monitoring center for display and dispatch.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (3), the time-series correlation verification determines whether the delay time and correlation coefficient meet the preset conditions by calculating the cross-correlation function between the anchor chain ring tension value and the anchor chain wheel tension correlation value.

[0017] Furthermore, the collaborative judgment rules for step (4) are as follows: if the anchor chain ring tension value exceeds the failure threshold or the anchor chain wheel tension correlation value exceeds the failure threshold, it is judged as tension failure; if both the anchor chain ring tension value and the anchor chain wheel tension correlation value exceed the secondary warning threshold and the data is effectively correlated, it is judged as a secondary warning; if both the anchor chain ring tension value and the anchor chain wheel tension correlation value exceed the primary warning threshold and the data is effectively correlated, it is judged as a primary warning; otherwise, it is judged as a normal state.

[0018] Furthermore, the method also includes data preprocessing, performing mean fusion processing on multiple strain data collected from the anchor chain wheel monitoring node, and performing outlier removal processing on the strain data collected from the anchor chain ring monitoring node.

[0019] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: The present invention effectively eliminates the false alarm problem of single-point monitoring by directly monitoring the anchor chain and verifying it in conjunction with the anchor chain wheel, thereby improving the reliability of anchor chain tension failure identification; it adopts a dual-mode data acquisition scheme to meet the data acquisition needs of different scenarios; the hardware and software are optimized in a coordinated manner, resulting in a simplified system structure, low power consumption, and long service life of monitoring nodes; the shore-based monitoring center enables centralized management and emergency dispatch of multiple vessels, facilitating accurate location of anchor chain tension failure risk areas and timely handling, ensuring the safety of ship anchoring, and has significant practical application significance. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention; wherein, 1 is an anchor sprocket, 2 is an anchor sprocket monitoring node, 3 is an anchor chain, 4 is an anchor chain ring monitoring node (side sectional view), 5 is an anchor chain ring monitoring node (front view), 6 is an anchor, 7 is a fixed RFID reader, and 8 is a driver's cab host;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example 1: This example provides an RFID-based ship anchor chain link-anchor chain wheel collaborative monitoring system.

[0024] Hardware deployment: such as Figure 1 As shown, the system hardware includes anchor chain wheel monitoring node 2, anchor chain ring monitoring nodes 4 and 5, fixed RFID reader 7, and cab host 8.

[0025] Anchor chain ring monitoring nodes: These adopt a passive design, incorporating piezoelectric strain gauges and RFID tag chips. In actual installation, the nodes are attached to the inner wall of the anchor chain ring 3 at the point of maximum stress using waterproof sealant. One monitoring node is arranged every other chain ring along the length of the anchor chain. Anchor chain wheel monitoring nodes: These adopt an active design, incorporating piezoelectric strain gauges, batteries, and RFID tag chips. Multiple monitoring nodes are evenly arranged circumferentially along the side surface of the anchor chain wheel 1, fixed in the strain-sensitive area. Fixed RFID reader: Installed on a bracket beside the anchor winch, ensuring its signal coverage covers the anchor chain deployment / retraction channel and the anchor chain wheel monitoring nodes. Bridge main unit: Located inside the ship's bridge, it connects to the fixed RFID reader via wired or wireless means, providing data storage, processing, and communication functions. Shore-based monitoring center: Connected to the bridge main unit via a communication network, it provides centralized display of multi-ship data, historical playback, and remote dispatching functions.

[0026] Among them, combined Figure 1The overall system deployment diagram shown illustrates the connection relationships and data signal flow between the various hardware components as follows: Anchor chain ring monitoring node 4 or 5 is attached to the inner wall of anchor chain 3, establishing a wireless radio frequency communication connection with the fixed RFID reader 7 through its built-in RFID tag chip. The strain data collected by the monitoring node is transmitted to the reader via RFID signals. Anchor chain wheel monitoring node 2 is fixed to the side surface of anchor chain wheel 1, and similarly communicates wirelessly with the fixed RFID reader 7 through its built-in RFID tag chip to transmit strain data.

[0027] A fixed RFID reader 7 is mounted on a bracket beside the anchor winch. Its radio frequency signal coverage can simultaneously cover both the anchor chain links and the anchor chain wheel nodes in the anchor chain deployment and retrieval area. The reader has an anti-collision mechanism and can receive data from multiple nodes simultaneously. After verification, the data is transmitted to the bridge main unit 8 via wired or wireless communication. The bridge main unit 8 is located inside the ship's bridge, receives data from the fixed RFID reader 7, runs collaborative analysis and failure identification algorithms, and realizes local early warning and data display. The main unit also establishes a two-way data connection with the shore-based monitoring center through the maritime communication network to realize data reporting and command reception. A handheld RFID reader can be carried by personnel during inspections or emergencies to communicate at close range with the anchor chain links and anchor chain wheel monitoring nodes, read cached data, and import the data into the bridge main unit or directly upload it to the shore-based monitoring center via Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or USB.

[0028] The shore-based monitoring center, serving as a remote monitoring platform, receives data from multiple vessels and possesses data storage, analysis, and command and dispatch functions. It maintains real-time or periodic data synchronization with the main engines of each vessel's bridge via encrypted communication links.

[0029] The signal transmission process is as follows: the signal is transmitted from the anchor chain ring / anchor chain wheel monitoring node to the RFID wireless signal, then to the fixed RFID reader, then to the wired / wireless network, then to the bridge host, then to the remote communication network, and finally to the shore-based monitoring center. This system adopts a four-level architecture of "sensing-reading-processing-monitoring," achieving a complete closed loop from data acquisition to remote management, while balancing real-time performance, reliability, and maintainability.

[0030] Software Configuration: The system software includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a collaborative analysis and failure identification module, and early warning and management programs. Data acquisition logic is configured in the RFID tag chips of the anchor chain ring and anchor chain wheel monitoring nodes, and the acquisition cycle is set (e.g., once every 10 seconds). Data transmission and verification programs are configured in fixed and handheld RFID readers to ensure data integrity and reliability. The collaborative analysis and failure identification algorithm is loaded into the bridge main unit, and various tension thresholds (such as T1, T2, Tf, S1, S2, Sf) are preset and calibrated. At the shore-based monitoring center, early warning and management programs are deployed, and multi-vessel monitoring interfaces, alarm rules, and remote parameter calibration functions are configured.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides an RFID-based method for collaborative monitoring of ship anchor chain rings and anchor sprockets, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Step S101: System Initialization

[0033] The bridge main engine loads a preset threshold system. Operators calibrate and store various threshold parameters based on the anchor chain material, specifications, and actual ship operating conditions through a shore-based monitoring center or local interface. The anchor chain ring monitoring node and anchor chain wheel monitoring node are activated, and the fixed RFID reader enters working status after self-testing.

[0034] Step S102: Data Acquisition and Transmission

[0035] The anchor chain ring monitoring node and the anchor chain wheel monitoring node synchronously collect strain data at a set cycle and transmit it to a fixed RFID reader via an RFID tag chip. The reader verifies the data and then uploads it to the main control unit at the control station. In case of poor signal or equipment malfunction, a handheld RFID reader can be used for supplementary data collection.

[0036] Step S103: Data Processing and Collaborative Decision Making

[0037] The control unit preprocesses the received data, including outlier removal and averaging of anchor chain wheel data. Then, based on the strain-tension mapping relationship, it inverts the real-time tension value Ti of the anchor chain ring and calculates the anchor chain wheel tension correlation value Si.

[0038] Next, the following judgments are executed in sequence: Independent judgment: determine whether Ti and Si exceed the preset thresholds respectively; Time-series correlation verification: calculate the cross-correlation function between Ti and Si to determine whether the data is effectively correlated; Collaborative judgment: based on the independent judgment results and correlation status, execute the collaborative judgment rules and output the final status (normal, first-level warning, second-level warning or failure).

[0039] Step S104: Early Warning and Response

[0040] The control console triggers corresponding warnings based on the judgment results: Level 1 warning: a warning sign is displayed on the interface; Level 2 warning: an audible and visual alarm is triggered, and abnormal data and handling suggestions are displayed; Failure judgment: the highest level alarm is triggered, and abnormal location information is automatically pushed to the shore-based monitoring center.

[0041] Step S105: Inspection and Maintenance

[0042] Inspection personnel regularly use handheld RFID readers to perform health checks on each monitoring node, read equipment status information, calibrate threshold parameters, and replace faulty nodes when necessary.

[0043] The anchor chain ring graded tension thresholds include: a primary warning threshold T1, a secondary warning threshold T2, and a failure determination threshold Tf. The anchor chain wheel graded tension thresholds are obtained based on the strain-tension mapping relationship and include: a primary warning threshold S1, a secondary warning threshold S2, and a failure determination threshold Sf.

[0044] The core logic of collaborative analysis and failure identification is as follows:

[0045] Data preprocessing: Outlier removal and mean fusion processing are performed on the strain data of the anchor chain wheel monitoring nodes to calculate the real-time mean of multiple nodes; outlier removal is performed on the strain data of the anchor chain ring to retain valid strain data.

[0046] Tension inversion calculation: Based on the effective strain data of the anchor chain ring, the real-time tension value Ti of the anchor chain is inverted through the strain-tension transfer matrix; based on the average strain of the monitoring node of the anchor chain wheel, it is converted into the corresponding tension correlation value Si through the strain-anchor chain tension correlation algorithm.

[0047] Independent determination of anchor chain links: If Ti > Tf, the anchor chain link is directly determined to be in tension failure; if T2 < Ti ≤ Tf, it is determined to be a level two warning; if T1 < Ti ≤ T2, it is determined to be a level one warning. If Ti ≤ T1, the status is normal.

[0048] Independent determination of anchor chain wheel: If Si > Sf, the anchor chain system is directly determined to be in tension failure; if S2 < Si ≤ Sf, it is determined to be a level two warning; if S1 < Si ≤ S2, it is determined to be a level one warning. If Si ≤ S1, the status is normal.

[0049] Time-series correlation verification: The correlation value between the anchor chain ring inversion tension data and the anchor chain wheel tension is analyzed. The correlation coefficient is calculated through the cross-correlation function. When the delay time meets the set requirements and the correlation coefficient reaches the set value, the two types of data are determined to be effectively correlated and enter the collaborative judgment. If the above conditions are not met, the data correlation is determined to be invalid and an equipment abnormality warning is triggered.

[0050] Collaborative decision-making rules:

[0051] Failure determination: An anchor chain tension failure is determined if any of the following conditions are met:

[0052] ① For any anchor chain link Ti > Tf;

[0053] ② Anchor chain wheel Si > Sf;

[0054] ③ Ti > T2 and Si > S2, and the data are effectively correlated;

[0055] Level 2 Warning: A Level 2 warning is issued if any of the following conditions are met:

[0056] ① For any anchor chain link, T2 < Ti ≤ Tf;

[0057] ② Anchor chain wheel S2 < Si ≤ Sf;

[0058] ③ T1 < Ti ≤ T2 and S1 < Si ≤ S2, and the data are effectively correlated;

[0059] Level 1 Warning: A Level 1 warning is issued if any of the following conditions are met:

[0060] ① For any anchor chain link, T1 < Ti ≤ T2;

[0061] ② Anchor chain wheel S1 < Si ≤ S2;

[0062] Normal state: all anchor chain links Ti ≤ T1, anchor chain wheels Si ≤ S1, and data association is valid.

Claims

1. An RFID-based ship anchor chain link-anchor sprocket collaborative monitoring system, characterized in that, include: Anchor chain ring monitoring nodes are installed on the inner wall of the anchor chain ring to collect anchor chain ring strain data; An anchor chain wheel monitoring node is installed on the side surface of the anchor chain wheel to collect anchor chain wheel strain data; an RFID reader is used to read data from the anchor chain ring monitoring node and the anchor chain wheel monitoring node; a data processing host is used to receive data transmitted by the RFID reader and perform collaborative analysis and tension failure identification; among them, the anchor chain ring monitoring node is a passive design and is directly attached to the inner wall of the anchor chain ring; the anchor chain wheel monitoring node is an active design with a built-in power supply and is fixed in the strain-sensitive area of ​​the anchor chain wheel.

2. The RFID-based ship anchor chain link-anchor sprocket collaborative monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor chain ring monitoring node includes a piezoelectric strain gauge and an RFID tag chip. The strain data collected by the piezoelectric strain gauge is directly transmitted to the RFID tag chip for storage.

3. The RFID-based ship anchor chain link-anchor sprocket collaborative monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor chain wheel monitoring node includes a piezoelectric strain gauge, an RFID tag chip, and a built-in battery. The strain data collected by the piezoelectric strain gauge is buffered by the RFID tag chip and then read by the RFID reader.

4. The RFID-based ship anchor chain link-anchor sprocket collaborative monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, RFID readers include fixed readers and handheld readers. Fixed readers are installed next to the anchor winch for automatic data collection; handheld readers are used for manual inspection and emergency data retransmission.

5. The RFID-based ship anchor chain link-anchor sprocket collaborative monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing host includes the bridge host and the shore-based monitoring center. The bridge host is used for real-time data processing and local early warning, while the shore-based monitoring center is used for centralized display of multi-ship data, historical playback, and remote dispatch.

6. A method for coordinated monitoring of ship anchor chain links and anchor sprockets based on RFID, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Collect anchor chain strain data through the anchor chain ring monitoring node and invert it into anchor chain ring tension value; (2) Collect anchor chain wheel strain data through the anchor chain wheel monitoring node and convert it into anchor chain wheel tension correlation value; (3) Perform a time-series correlation verification on the anchor chain ring tension value and the anchor chain wheel tension value to determine whether the two are effectively correlated; (4) Based on the anchor chain ring tension value, the anchor chain wheel tension correlation value and their correlation status, execute the collaborative judgment rule and output the anchor chain tension status result; (5) Trigger different levels of early warning signals based on the judgment results, and push the early warning information to the shore-based monitoring center for display and dispatch.

7. The RFID-based ship anchor chain link-anchor sprocket collaborative monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step (3), the time-series correlation verification determines whether the delay time and correlation coefficient meet the preset conditions by calculating the cross-correlation function between the anchor chain ring tension value and the anchor chain wheel tension correlation value.

8. A method for coordinated monitoring of ship anchor chain rings and anchor sprockets based on RFID according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific rules for collaborative judgment in step (4) are as follows: If the anchor chain ring tension value exceeds the failure threshold or the anchor chain wheel tension correlation value exceeds the failure threshold, it is judged as tension failure; if both the anchor chain ring tension value and the anchor chain wheel tension correlation value exceed the secondary warning threshold and the data are effectively correlated, it is judged as a secondary warning. If the anchor chain ring tension value and the anchor chain wheel tension correlation value both exceed the first-level warning threshold and the data are effectively correlated, it is determined to be a first-level warning; otherwise, it is determined to be a normal state.

9. A method for coordinated monitoring of ship anchor chain rings and anchor sprockets based on RFID according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method also includes data preprocessing, performing mean fusion processing on multiple strain data collected from the anchor chain wheel monitoring node, and performing outlier removal processing on the strain data collected from the anchor chain ring monitoring node.

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