A method for preparing a coating applied to the surface of a photovoltaic panel

Abstract

The application provides a coating preparation method applied to a photovoltaic panel surface, and the method comprises the following steps: adding silica powder and a dispersing agent into a first solvent to perform dispersion, to form a dispersion liquid; reacting modified acrylic resin with fluorosilane and a silane coupling agent, and adding a first solvent, a second solvent and a defoaming agent, to form modified resin; mixing and dispersing the dispersion liquid with the modified resin, and adding a curing agent to perform filtration, to obtain a coating liquid; and coating the coating liquid on a target component and performing curing, to obtain a protective coating. The coating preparation method applied to the photovoltaic panel surface can effectively meet multiple requirements such as light transmission performance, antifouling performance and weather resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer materials technology, and in particular to a method for preparing a coating applied to the surface of a photovoltaic panel. Background Technology

[0002] As the core power generation unit of photovoltaic modules, photovoltaic panels are exposed to complex outdoor environments for extended periods, making them susceptible to damage from ultraviolet radiation, rain and snow erosion, dust accumulation, and wind and sand abrasion. This leads to surface aging, decreased light transmittance, and reduced power generation efficiency, severely shortening the lifespan of photovoltaic modules. To address these issues, a protective coating is typically applied to the surface of the photovoltaic panel. Existing protective coatings for solar photovoltaic panels mostly use ordinary acrylic resins or silicone resins as the base material. Ordinary acrylic resins are relatively inexpensive and have good light transmittance, but their weather resistance (especially resistance to ultraviolet aging) and abrasion resistance are poor, leading to yellowing and cracking with long-term use. Silicone resins offer excellent weather resistance, but are more expensive, and their adhesion to the photovoltaic panel substrate and anti-fouling performance need improvement. Furthermore, existing coatings struggle to simultaneously meet multiple requirements such as high light transmittance, superhydrophobicity and anti-fouling properties, high hardness and abrasion resistance, and long-term weather resistance. Some high-performance coatings, due to the use of expensive raw materials (such as perfluorinated resins) or complex modification processes, have excessively high industrialization costs, hindering large-scale application. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a coating preparation method for photovoltaic panel surface, which can effectively meet multiple requirements such as light transmittance, anti-fouling performance and weather resistance.

[0004] This invention provides a method for preparing a coating applied to the surface of a photovoltaic panel, the method comprising:

[0005] Silica powder and dispersant are added to a first solvent and dispersed to form a dispersion. The modified acrylic resin is reacted with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and a first solvent, a second solvent and an antifoaming agent are added to form the modified resin. The dispersion is mixed and dispersed with the modified resin, and a curing agent is added before filtration to obtain a coating liquid; The coating liquid is applied to the target component and cured to obtain a protective coating.

[0006] Optionally, the step of adding silica powder and dispersant to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion includes: According to the mass fraction, 3-10 parts of silica powder and 0.5-2 parts of dispersant are added to 6.6-13.3 parts of the first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion.

[0007] Optionally, the step of reacting the modified acrylic resin with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and adding a first solvent, a second solvent, and an antifoaming agent to form the modified resin includes: According to the mass fraction, add 1-5 parts of fluorosilane and 2-8 parts of silane coupling agent to 40-60 parts of modified acrylic resin to fully graft and crosslink the fluorosilicone groups with the acrylic resin molecules to form the material to be treated. Add 3.3-6.6 parts of a first solvent, 10-20 parts of a second solvent, and 0.1-0.5 parts of a defoamer to the material to be treated to form a modified resin.

[0008] Optionally, the step of mixing and dispersing the dispersion with the modified resin, adding a curing agent, and then filtering to obtain the coating liquid includes: The dispersion is added to the modified resin and stirred at a stirring speed of 500-800 r / min for 30-40 min to form a uniformly dispersed mixture. Add 3-8 parts of curing agent to the mixture and continue stirring for 15-20 minutes to form the material to be filtered; The material to be filtered is filtered through a 1000-1200 mesh filter to obtain a coating liquid.

[0009] Optionally, applying the coating liquid to the target component and curing it to obtain a protective coating includes: The coating is applied to the target component using a spin coating process at a speed of 3000-5000 r / min, or the coating liquid is applied to the target component using a spray coating process to form a wet film with a thickness of 10-20 μm. Pre-curing at 80-100℃ for at least 30 minutes is used to allow the wet film to initially cure. Curing at 120-140℃ for 60-90 minutes yields a protective coating.

[0010] Optionally, after mixing and dispersing the dispersion with the modified resin, the first solvent and the second solvent are in a mass ratio of 1:2 to 2:1.

[0011] Optionally, the step of adding silica powder and dispersant to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion includes: A polycarboxylate dispersant and hydrophobically modified nano-silica powder with a particle size of 10-50 nm are added to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion.

[0012] Optionally, the step of reacting the modified acrylic resin with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and adding a first solvent, a second solvent, and an antifoaming agent to form the modified resin includes: Hydroxy-acrylate resin was selected as the modified acrylic resin. Perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane or perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane were selected as fluorosilanes; γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane were selected as silane coupling agents; The selected modified acrylic resin is reacted with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent to fully graft and crosslink the fluorosilicone groups with the acrylic resin molecules. A first solvent, a second solvent, and an organosilicon defoamer are added to form a modified resin that is uniformly dispersed and free of bubble defects.

[0013] Optionally, the step of reacting the modified acrylic resin with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and adding a first solvent, a second solvent, and an antifoaming agent to form the modified resin includes: Add the modified acrylic resin to the reactor, control the temperature of the reactor to 40-50℃, then add fluorosilane and silane coupling agent to the reactor in sequence, stir and react for 60-90 minutes to fully graft and crosslink the fluorosilicone groups with the acrylic resin molecules. A first solvent, a second solvent, and a defoamer are added to the reactor to form a modified resin.

[0014] Optionally, the step of adding silica powder and dispersant to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion includes: The silica powder and dispersant are added to the first solvent to form the material to be dispersed; The material to be dispersed is dispersed using a high-speed disperser at a speed of 2000-3000 r / min for 30-60 min to form a preliminary dispersed material; The initially dispersed material is ultrasonically dispersed for 20-30 minutes using an ultrasonic dispersion device with a power of 300-500W to obtain a uniformly distributed dispersion.

[0015] In the technical solution provided by this invention, fluorine groups are introduced through fluorosilanes, and silicon groups are introduced through silane coupling agents. The acrylic resin is dually modified using both fluorine and silicon groups, and silica powder treated with methacryloxysilane is introduced. The fluorine groups, with their extremely low surface energy, create a superhydrophobic interface (hydrophobic angle ≥150°) on the coating surface, effectively resisting dust and rainwater adhesion and achieving self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties. The silicon groups form a dense cross-linked network with the resin matrix and silica powder, enhancing the intermolecular forces of the coating and significantly improving weather resistance (especially UV aging resistance, reaching over 8 years). Simultaneously, it improves the compatibility and stability of the fluorine groups in the coating, preventing the migration and loss of fluorine groups that would lead to a decline in anti-fouling performance. Compared to single fluorine-modified or silicon-modified acrylic resin coatings, the modified system of this invention shows an improvement of over 40% in UV aging resistance and over 30% in hydrophobic stability. In the technical solution provided by this invention, silica and acrylic resin are not simply mixed materials, but rather chemically bonded to the modified acrylic resin matrix through the bridging effect of a silane coupling agent. This not only leverages the reinforcing effect of nanoparticles, increasing the coating hardness to above 5H and significantly improving wear resistance (Taber wear tests show a wear amount reduced by more than 60% compared to pure acrylic resin coatings), but also reduces light scattering loss due to the much smaller particle size of nano-silica compared to visible light wavelengths (400-760nm). Furthermore, its high refractive index matches well with the refractive index of the resin matrix, synergistically improving the coating's light transmittance. This maintains the finished coating's light transmittance at 92-95%, a 2-5% increase compared to coatings with added ordinary nanoparticles, thus resolving the contradiction between "enhanced wear resistance and light transmittance loss" in traditional coatings. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a coating preparation method applied to the surface of a photovoltaic panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] This invention provides a method for preparing a coating applied to the surface of a photovoltaic panel, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: Silica powder and dispersant are added to a first solvent and dispersed to form a dispersion. In some embodiments, the silica powder can be, for example, hydrophobically modified nano silica powder with a particle size of 10-50 nm. The surface of the hydrophobically modified nano silica powder is modified by methacryloxysilane treatment, which can be uniformly dispersed in the resin matrix. This can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the coating through particle reinforcement, and reduce light scattering and improve the light transmittance of the coating by utilizing the nano-size effect.

[0019] The modified acrylic resin is reacted with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and a first solvent, a second solvent and an antifoaming agent are added to form the modified resin. In some embodiments, fluorosilanes, such as perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane or perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, can be used as sources of fluorine group introduction. The fluorocarbon chains in the molecules have extremely low surface energy, which can impart superhydrophobic properties to the coating. At the same time, the silicon-oxygen bonds can undergo cross-linking reactions with the matrix resin and silane coupling agents, improving the stability of fluorine groups in the coating. Silane coupling agents, such as γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) or γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560), have functional groups that can react with the hydroxyl groups of acrylic resin and hydrolyzable siloxy groups at both ends of their molecules, respectively. The silanol groups formed after hydrolysis can cross-link with the hydroxyl groups and fluorosilane siloxy groups on the surface of silica modified by methacryloxysilane, constructing a dense three-dimensional cross-linked network, improving the weather resistance and adhesion of the coating. Modified acrylic resins, for example, can be low-cost hydroxyl acrylic resins as the matrix, with a solid content of 50-60% and a hydroxyl value of 80-120 mg KOH / g. These resins exhibit good light transmittance, film-forming properties, and adhesion to the substrate. Their cost is more than 30% lower than fluorocarbon resins and special organosilicon resins, providing a foundation for cost reduction in coatings. Defoamers, for example, can be organosilicon defoamers to ensure the absence of bubble defects. The first solvent can be, for example, ethyl acetate, and the second solvent can be, for example, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate. The mass ratio of the first solvent to the second solvent can be, for example, 1:2 to 2:1, balancing solubility and evaporation rate.

[0020] The dispersion is mixed and dispersed with the modified resin, and a curing agent is added before filtration to obtain a coating liquid; In some embodiments, a polycarboxylate dispersant may be selected, for example, to ensure uniform dispersion of the system. An aliphatic isocyanate (HDI) trimer may be selected, for example, to improve the coating's curing efficiency and resistance to yellowing.

[0021] The coating liquid is applied to the target component and cured to obtain a protective coating.

[0022] In some embodiments, after the coating liquid is applied to the target component and fully cured, a uniform protective coating with high weather resistance, superhydrophobicity and antifouling properties, high wear resistance and high light transmittance can be formed. Furthermore, the protective coating prepared using this embodiment also has the advantages of low cost and simple process.

[0023] In the technical solution provided in this invention embodiment, fluorine groups are introduced through fluorosilanes, and silicon groups are introduced through silane coupling agents. The acrylic resin is dually modified using both fluorine and silicon groups, and silica powder with a surface treated with methacryloxysilane is introduced. The fluorine groups, with their extremely low surface energy, create a superhydrophobic interface (hydrophobic angle ≥150°) on the coating surface, effectively resisting dust and rainwater adhesion and achieving self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties. The silicon groups form a dense cross-linked network with the resin matrix and silica powder, enhancing the intermolecular forces of the coating and significantly improving weather resistance (especially UV aging resistance, reaching over 8 years). Simultaneously, it improves the compatibility and stability of the fluorine groups in the coating, preventing the migration and loss of fluorine groups that would lead to a decline in anti-fouling performance. Compared to single fluorine-modified or silicon-modified acrylic resin coatings, the modified system of this invention shows an improvement of over 40% in UV aging resistance and over 30% in hydrophobic stability. In the technical solution provided by this invention, silica and acrylic resin are not simply mixed materials, but rather chemically bonded to the modified acrylic resin matrix through the bridging effect of a silane coupling agent. This not only leverages the reinforcing effect of nanoparticles, increasing the coating hardness to above 5H and significantly improving wear resistance (Taber wear tests show a wear amount reduced by more than 60% compared to pure acrylic resin coatings), but also reduces light scattering loss due to the much smaller particle size of nano-silica compared to visible light wavelengths (400-760nm). Furthermore, its high refractive index matches well with the refractive index of the resin matrix, synergistically improving the coating's light transmittance. This maintains the finished coating's light transmittance at 92-95%, a 2-5% increase compared to coatings with added ordinary nanoparticles, thus resolving the contradiction between "enhanced wear resistance and light transmittance loss" in traditional coatings.

[0024] As an optional implementation, the step of adding silica powder and dispersant to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion includes: According to the mass fraction, 3-10 parts of silica powder and 0.5-2 parts of dispersant are added to 6.6-13.3 parts of the first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion.

[0025] As an optional implementation, the reaction of the modified acrylic resin with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and the addition of a first solvent, a second solvent, and an antifoaming agent to form the modified resin includes: According to the mass fraction, add 1-5 parts of fluorosilane and 2-8 parts of silane coupling agent to 40-60 parts of modified acrylic resin to fully graft and crosslink the fluorosilicone groups with the acrylic resin molecules to form the material to be treated. Add 3.3-6.6 parts of a first solvent, 10-20 parts of a second solvent, and 0.1-0.5 parts of a defoamer to the material to be treated to form a modified resin.

[0026] As an optional implementation, the step of mixing and dispersing the dispersion with the modified resin, adding a curing agent, and then filtering to obtain the coating liquid includes: The dispersion is added to the modified resin and stirred at a stirring speed of 500-800 r / min for 30-40 min to form a uniformly dispersed mixture. Add 3-8 parts of curing agent to the mixture and continue stirring for 15-20 minutes to form the material to be filtered; The material to be filtered is filtered through a 1000-1200 mesh filter to obtain a coating liquid.

[0027] In some preferred embodiments, the nano-silica powder dispersion is slowly added to the modified resin and stirred at low speed (500-800 r / min) for 30-40 min to ensure uniform dispersion. Finally, the curing agent is added, and the mixture is stirred for 15-20 min. The mixture is then filtered (using a 1000-1200 mesh filter) to remove impurities, yielding the coating solution. Since the silica dispersion and the modified resin share the same primary solvent, they can be mixed more smoothly during the mixing process. Furthermore, because both the silica dispersion and the modified resin are mixed in dispersion form, it is more conducive to uniform mixing.

[0028] As an optional implementation, applying the coating liquid to the target component and curing it to obtain a protective coating includes: The coating is applied to the target component using a spin coating process at a speed of 3000-5000 r / min, or the coating liquid is applied to the target component using a spray coating process to form a wet film with a thickness of 10-20 μm. Pre-curing at 80-100℃ for at least 30 minutes is used to allow the wet film to initially cure. Curing at 120-140℃ for 60-90 minutes yields a protective coating.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the coating liquid is uniformly applied to the surface of the photovoltaic panel using a spin coating process (3000-5000 r / min) or a spraying process to form a wet film with a thickness of 10-20 μm; then it is pre-cured at 80-100℃ for 30 min, and then cured at 120-140℃ for 60-90 min. After cooling to room temperature, the protective coating of the finished product is obtained.

[0030] As an optional implementation, after the dispersion is mixed and dispersed with the modified resin, the first solvent and the second solvent are in a mass ratio of 1:2 to 2:1.

[0031] As an optional implementation, the step of adding silica powder and dispersant to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion includes: A polycarboxylate dispersant and hydrophobically modified nano-silica powder with a particle size of 10-50 nm are added to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion.

[0032] As an optional implementation, the reaction of the modified acrylic resin with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and the addition of a first solvent, a second solvent, and an antifoaming agent to form the modified resin includes: Hydroxy-acrylate resin was selected as the modified acrylic resin. Perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane or perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane were selected as fluorosilanes; γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane were selected as silane coupling agents; The selected modified acrylic resin is reacted with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent to fully graft and crosslink the fluorosilicone groups with the acrylic resin molecules. A first solvent, a second solvent, and an organosilicon defoamer are added to form a modified resin that is uniformly dispersed and free of bubble defects.

[0033] As an optional implementation, the reaction of the modified acrylic resin with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and the addition of a first solvent, a second solvent, and an antifoaming agent to form the modified resin includes: Add the modified acrylic resin to the reactor, control the temperature of the reactor to 40-50℃, then add fluorosilane and silane coupling agent to the reactor in sequence, stir and react for 60-90 minutes to fully graft and crosslink the fluorosilicone groups with the acrylic resin molecules. A first solvent, a second solvent, and a defoamer are added to the reactor to form a modified resin.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, the modified acrylic resin is added to a reaction vessel, heated to 40-50°C, and then fluorosilane and silane coupling agent are added in sequence. The mixture is stirred for 60-90 minutes to allow the fluorosilicone groups to be fully grafted and crosslinked with the acrylic resin molecules. Subsequently, the first and second solvents remaining from the preparation of the silica dispersion are added, along with an antifoaming agent. The mixture is stirred until homogeneous to form the modified resin.

[0035] As an optional implementation, the step of adding silica powder and dispersant to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion includes: The silica powder and dispersant are added to the first solvent to form the material to be dispersed; The material to be dispersed is dispersed using a high-speed disperser at a speed of 2000-3000 r / min for 30-60 min to form a preliminary dispersed material; The initially dispersed material is ultrasonically dispersed for 20-30 minutes using an ultrasonic dispersion device with a power of 300-500W to obtain a uniformly distributed dispersion.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, nano-silica powder and dispersant are added to a portion of the first solvent and dispersed using a high-speed disperser at a speed of 2000-3000 r / min for 30-60 min, followed by ultrasonic dispersion (power 300-500W) for 20-30 min to obtain a uniform nano-silica powder dispersion. The dispersion formed by dispersion can effectively prevent particle agglomeration from affecting light transmittance and wear resistance.

[0037] The coatings prepared using the foregoing embodiments of this invention use low-cost hydroxyl acrylic resin as the matrix, avoiding the use of expensive specialty resins. The raw material cost is reduced by more than 40% compared to fluorocarbon coatings, and the preparation process is simple, requiring no complex equipment, making it suitable for large-scale industrial applications. Testing shows that the coating has a light transmittance of 92-95%, maximizing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel; a hardness ≥5H, strong wear resistance, and resistance to wind and sand abrasion; a hydrophobic angle ≥150°, providing efficient self-cleaning and anti-fouling capabilities; and UV aging resistance of over 8 years, adapting to long-term complex outdoor environments and extending the lifespan of photovoltaic modules by 5-8 years. Through the bridging effect of the silane coupling agent, the adhesion between the coating and the photovoltaic panel substrate (such as silicon wafers or tempered glass covers) reaches level 1 (cross-cut test), preventing peeling or cracking during use and ensuring good stability. Furthermore, in the foregoing embodiments of this invention, low-toxicity and volatile mixed solvents are selected, and the curing process releases no harmful gases, meeting the environmental standards of the photovoltaic industry and having no adverse effects on the performance of the photovoltaic panel.

[0038] The following specific examples illustrate the aforementioned implementation methods: Example 1 The raw materials are measured by mass parts and the following raw materials are prepared: 50 parts of hydroxyl acrylic resin (solid content 55%, hydroxyl value 100mg KOH / g), 3 parts of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane, 5 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550), 6 parts of hydrophobically modified nano silica (particle size 20nm), 15 parts of ethyl acetate, 15 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 5 parts of HDI trimer, 1 part of polycarboxylate dispersant, and 0.3 parts of organosilicon defoamer.

[0039] First, add 6 parts of nano-silica and 1 part of dispersant to 10 parts of ethyl acetate, disperse at 3000 r / min for 45 min, and then ultrasonically disperse at 500 W for 25 min to obtain a nano-silica dispersion.

[0040] Then, 50 parts of hydroxyl acrylic resin were added to the reactor, heated to 45°C, and 3 parts of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane and 5 parts of KH550 were added. The mixture was stirred for 75 minutes. Subsequently, the remaining 5 parts of ethyl acetate, 15 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, and 0.3 parts of defoamer were added and stirred until homogeneous to obtain the modified resin.

[0041] Subsequently, the nano-silica dispersion was added to the modified resin, stirred at 700 r / min for 35 min, 5 parts of HDI trimer were added and stirred for 20 min, and filtered through a 1200 mesh filter to obtain the coating solution.

[0042] Finally, the coating liquid was applied to the surface of the photovoltaic panel using a spin coating process (4000 r / min) with a wet film thickness of 15 μm; pre-cured at 80℃ for 30 min, cured at 130℃ for 80 min, and then cooled to room temperature.

[0043] The prepared coating was tested and found to have a light transmittance of 93.5%, a pencil hardness of 5H, a water contact angle of 152°, and after 8 years of xenon lamp aging test (simulating outdoor ultraviolet environment), the light transmittance decay rate was ≤5%, the coating did not yellow or crack, the hydrophobic angle remained above 145°, and the wear resistance test (Taber abrasion tester, 1000 rpm) showed a wear amount of ≤0.02g.

[0044] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, the raw materials are measured by mass parts and the following raw materials are prepared: 45 parts of hydroxyl acrylic resin (solid content 50%, hydroxyl value 80mg KOH / g), 2 parts of perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane, 4 parts of γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560), 5 parts of hydrophobically modified nano silica (particle size 30nm), 12 parts of ethyl acetate, 18 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 4 parts of HDI trimer, 0.8 parts of polycarboxylate dispersant, and 0.2 parts of silicone defoamer.

[0045] The preparation process is the same as in Example 1, wherein 4 parts of ethyl acetate are used in the dispersion, 8 parts of ethyl acetate are used in the modified resin, the rotation speed of the spin coating process is adjusted to 3500 r / min, the curing temperature is 125℃, and the curing time is 90 min.

[0046] Tests showed that the prepared coating had a light transmittance of 94.2%, a pencil hardness of 5H, a water contact angle of 155°, a light transmittance decay rate of ≤4% after 8 years of xenon lamp aging, a hydrophobic angle of ≥148°, and a Taber wear amount of ≤0.018g.

[0047] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, the raw materials are measured by mass parts and the following raw materials are prepared: 55 parts of hydroxyl acrylic resin (solid content 60%, hydroxyl value 120mg KOH / g), 4 parts of perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane, 6 parts of KH550, 8 parts of hydrophobically modified nano silica (particle size 40nm), 18 parts of ethyl acetate, 12 parts of propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, 6 parts of HDI trimer, 1.2 parts of polycarboxylate dispersant, and 0.4 parts of silicone defoamer.

[0048] The preparation process is the same as in Example 1, wherein 6 parts of ethyl acetate are used in the dispersion, 12 parts of ethyl acetate are used in the modified resin, the ultrasonic dispersion time is adjusted to 30 min, the curing temperature is 135℃, and the curing time is 70 min.

[0049] Tests showed that the prepared coating had a light transmittance of 92.8%, a pencil hardness of 6H, a water contact angle of 151°, a light transmittance decay rate of ≤6% after 8 years of xenon lamp aging, a hydrophobic angle of ≥144°, and a Taber wear amount of ≤0.015g.

[0050] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a coating applied to the surface of a photovoltaic panel, characterized in that, The method includes: Silica powder and dispersant are added to a first solvent and dispersed to form a dispersion. The modified acrylic resin is reacted with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and a first solvent, a second solvent and an antifoaming agent are added to form the modified resin. The dispersion is mixed and dispersed with the modified resin, and a curing agent is added before filtration to obtain a coating liquid; The coating liquid is applied to the target component and cured to obtain a protective coating.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of adding silica powder and dispersant to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion includes: According to the mass fraction, 3-10 parts of silica powder and 0.5-2 parts of dispersant are added to 6.6-13.3 parts of the first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of reacting modified acrylic resin with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and adding a first solvent, a second solvent, and an antifoaming agent to form the modified resin includes: According to the mass fraction, add 1-5 parts of fluorosilane and 2-8 parts of silane coupling agent to 40-60 parts of modified acrylic resin to fully graft and crosslink the fluorosilicone groups with the acrylic resin molecules to form the material to be treated. Add 3.3-6.6 parts of a first solvent, 10-20 parts of a second solvent, and 0.1-0.5 parts of a defoamer to the material to be treated to form a modified resin.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of mixing and dispersing the dispersion with the modified resin, adding a curing agent, and then filtering to obtain a coating liquid includes: The dispersion is added to the modified resin and stirred at a stirring speed of 500-800 r / min for 30-40 min to form a uniformly dispersed mixture. Add 3-8 parts of curing agent to the mixture and continue stirring for 15-20 minutes to form the material to be filtered; The material to be filtered is filtered through a 1000-1200 mesh filter to obtain a coating liquid.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of applying the coating liquid to the target component and curing it to obtain a protective coating includes: The coating is applied to the target component using a spin coating process at a speed of 3000-5000 r / min, or the coating liquid is applied to the target component using a spray coating process to form a wet film with a thickness of 10-20 μm. Pre-curing at 80-100℃ for at least 30 minutes is used to allow the wet film to initially cure. Curing at 120-140℃ for 60-90 minutes yields a protective coating.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the dispersion is mixed and dispersed with the modified resin, the first solvent and the second solvent are in a mass ratio of 1:2 to 2:

1.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of adding silica powder and dispersant to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion includes: A polycarboxylate dispersant and hydrophobically modified nano-silica powder with a particle size of 10-50 nm are added to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of reacting modified acrylic resin with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and adding a first solvent, a second solvent, and an antifoaming agent to form the modified resin includes: Hydroxy-acrylate resin was selected as the modified acrylic resin. Perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane or perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane were selected as fluorosilanes; γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane were selected as silane coupling agents; The selected modified acrylic resin is reacted with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent to fully graft and crosslink the fluorosilicone groups with the acrylic resin molecules. A first solvent, a second solvent, and an organosilicon defoamer are added to form a modified resin that is uniformly dispersed and free of bubble defects.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of reacting modified acrylic resin with fluorosilane and silane coupling agent, and adding a first solvent, a second solvent, and an antifoaming agent to form the modified resin includes: Add the modified acrylic resin to the reactor, control the temperature of the reactor to 40-50℃, then add fluorosilane and silane coupling agent to the reactor in sequence, stir and react for 60-90 minutes to fully graft and crosslink the fluorosilicone groups with the acrylic resin molecules. A first solvent, a second solvent, and a defoamer are added to the reactor to form a modified resin.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of adding silica powder and dispersant to a first solvent for dispersion to form a dispersion includes: The silica powder and dispersant are added to the first solvent to form the material to be dispersed; The material to be dispersed is dispersed using a high-speed disperser at a speed of 2000-3000 r / min for 30-60 min to form a preliminary dispersed material; The initially dispersed material is ultrasonically dispersed for 20-30 minutes using an ultrasonic dispersion device with a power of 300-500W to obtain a uniformly distributed dispersion.

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