Local movable cooling air conditioning equipment and cooling method for mine

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of mine safety production and environment control, and discloses a kind of local movable cooling air conditioning equipment and cooling method for mine, and the equipment of the present application is composed of walking chassis and explosion-proof equipment cabin, and five functional modules of cold source system, air handling system, air supply system, power control system and condensing heat dissipation system are integrated in cabin. Cooperate with intelligent control system based on infrared positioning, realize dynamic following and accurate air supply of equipment to miner's station. The cooling method includes: on-peak valley section electricity storage, underground equipment initialization, air handling accurate air supply, cold source intelligent switching, station dynamic following, parameter self-adaptive regulation and control and equipment circulation supply whole process. The present application has good mobility and space adaptation ability, high cooling capacity utilization rate, energy consumption reduction of more than 60%, without the need for miners to wear cooling equipment, avoiding operation interference, while meeting the mine explosion-proof safety requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mine safety production and environmental control technology, and particularly relates to a localized portable cooling air conditioning device and cooling method for mines. Background Technology

[0002] With the gradual depletion of shallow mineral resources, extending mining to deeper levels has become an inevitable trend in the industry. Increased mining depth directly leads to a significant rise in underground ground temperature, exacerbating the problem of heat hazards caused by high temperature and humidity. This harsh working environment not only directly harms miners' health, causing occupational illnesses such as heatstroke and dehydration, but also significantly reduces their work efficiency. Furthermore, it becomes a major contributing factor to mine safety accidents such as roof collapses and equipment malfunctions, severely hindering safe production and efficient mining.

[0003] Currently, mine heat hazard control mainly relies on comprehensive spatial cooling, which involves artificially cooling the entire mining face and even the entire mine roadway. However, this method has significant drawbacks: on the one hand, it has a large cooling load and high energy consumption, with significant loss of cooling energy during long-distance transportation, resulting in low utilization efficiency. At the same time, equipment investment, operation, and maintenance costs remain high. On the other hand, the system has poor adaptability to continuously advancing mining faces, often resulting in excess cooling energy and excessively low temperatures at the entrance area, leading to waste, while the exit area remains at a high temperature due to cooling energy attenuation, and the cooling effect cannot meet the actual operational needs.

[0004] To address the drawbacks of overall cooling, the concept of localized cooling has been proposed. Its core principle is to target specific environmental adjustments at the miner's workstation, rather than controlling the entire open space. Existing mining cooling suits are a typical application of localized cooling, but this method has significant drawbacks: the effective cooling time of the cooling medium is short, generally only 2-4 hours, which is insufficient to meet the needs of continuous mining operations; wearing cooling suits imposes additional weight on miners, affecting limb dexterity and interfering with normal mining operations; and uneven distribution of the cooling medium can easily lead to localized overcooling, even causing secondary injuries such as frostbite.

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the problems and shortcomings of the existing technology are as follows:

[0006] Among existing mine cooling technologies, general cooling suffers from high energy consumption, low efficiency, and poor adaptability, while individual cooling suits suffer from poor comfort, short continuous cooling time, and disruption to operations. The mining industry urgently needs a localized cooling equipment and supporting cooling methods that combine mobility, high cooling efficiency, and user comfort, while being adaptable to the complex underground environment and not interfering with miners' normal operations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a localized portable cooling air conditioning device and cooling method for mines.

[0008] This invention is implemented as follows: a portable localized cooling and air conditioning system for mines, comprising:

[0009] The vehicle chassis and the explosion-proof equipment compartment mounted on the vehicle chassis are equipped with a cooling system, an air handling system, a ventilation system, a power and control system, and a condensation and heat dissipation system.

[0010] The cold source system includes a cold storage box and a compressor refrigeration unit. The cold storage box is a vacuum-insulated box filled with phase change cold storage material. The condenser is connected in parallel with the cold storage box, and the two are connected by valves and sockets, with a circulation pump in between. The cold storage box contains cooling coils. When the cold storage box's cooling capacity is insufficient, it can be disassembled and replaced through the sockets. When the phase change cold storage material in the cold storage box can no longer provide cooling capacity, the compressor refrigeration unit will operate to provide cooling capacity.

[0011] The air handling system is sequentially connected to an air intake filter, a cooling coil, and a fan along the air intake direction. The cooling coil is connected to the refrigeration circuit of the cold source system.

[0012] The air supply system includes an air supply duct that is sealed and connected to the air outlet of the fan, a retractable air supply hose connected to the end of the air supply duct, and a spherical air outlet located at the end of the retractable air supply hose. The spherical air outlet has a multi-directional angle adjustable structure.

[0013] The power and control system includes a battery storage box, a control box, and a drive and tracking control device. The battery storage box supplies power to each electrical unit of the equipment. The control box integrates an environmental sensor, a wireless communication module, and an intelligent control chip. The drive and tracking control device is electrically connected to the chassis and the control box.

[0014] The condensation and heat dissipation system includes a condenser connected to the refrigeration circuit of the cold source system, and the condenser is a spiral tube heat exchanger.

[0015] The chassis includes a combination of tracks and wheels.

[0016] Furthermore, the phase change cold storage material in the cold storage box is ice or eutectic salt, and the insulation layer thickness of the vacuum insulation box is 5-10cm.

[0017] Furthermore, the air inlet filter has a multi-stage filtration structure, comprising a coarse metal filter screen and a high-efficiency anti-static filter cotton.

[0018] Furthermore, the retractable air supply hose is made of flame-retardant and antistatic composite material, and its extension stroke is 1-3m.

[0019] Furthermore, the environmental sensors include a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a dust concentration sensor, and a wind speed sensor, which are used to collect real-time parameters of the temperature, humidity, dust concentration, and air supply speed of the downhole working environment.

[0020] Furthermore, the drive and tracking control device integrates an infrared positioning module and a path planning module. The infrared positioning module is used for real-time positioning of the miner's workstation, and the path planning module is used to plan the movement path based on the positioning information and the underground roadway environment.

[0021] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for local cooling in a mine, comprising:

[0022] Step 1, Preparation for well surface cooling:

[0023] During periods of low power load on the surface, ice-making equipment is driven to make ice and store cold in the cold storage box. After the phase change cold storage material in the cold storage box has completely changed phase, the cooling air conditioning equipment is transported to the designated initial position in the underground mining face.

[0024] Step 2, Device Initialization and Startup:

[0025] The battery storage box is started to supply power to each unit of the equipment. The control box collects the initial parameters of the underground working environment through the environmental sensor. The intelligent control chip sets the air supply temperature and wind speed operating parameters according to the preset thermal safety threshold, and drives and tracks the control device to complete the initial positioning of the miner's work position.

[0026] Step 3, Air Handling and Precision Air Supply:

[0027] When the blower is started, the ambient air in the mine flows through the cooling coil after being filtered through multiple stages of the air intake filter. It exchanges heat and moisture with the low-temperature refrigerant in the cooling coil to achieve cooling and dehumidification. The treated cold and dry air is then precisely delivered to the mining work station through the air supply duct and the retractable air supply hose via the spherical air supply port.

[0028] Step 4: Intelligent switching of cold source:

[0029] The control box monitors the remaining cold energy in the cold storage box in real time. When the cold energy is sufficient, the cold storage box provides cooling. When the remaining cold energy is lower than the preset threshold or the underground ambient temperature exceeds the preset thermal safety threshold, the compressor refrigeration unit is automatically started and connected in parallel / in series with the cold storage box to supplement the refrigeration circuit.

[0030] Step 5, Workstation Dynamic Tracking:

[0031] The drive and tracking control device tracks the movement trajectory of the miner's workstation through the infrared positioning module, plans the movement path through the path planning module, and drives the tracks / wheels of the walking chassis to work together to realize the dynamic movement of the equipment with the miner's workstation.

[0032] Step 6: Condensation and heat dissipation and parameter adjustment:

[0033] The condensation heat generated by the refrigeration circuit is discharged to the background environment downhole through the condenser. The control box dynamically adjusts the fan speed and the angle of the spherical air outlet through the intelligent control chip based on the parameters collected by the environmental sensors. At the same time, it receives remote control commands through the wireless communication module to adjust the equipment operating parameters.

[0034] Step 7: Equipment Circulation and Replenishment:

[0035] When the cold storage tank is completely depleted and the compressor refrigeration unit continues to work but still cannot meet the cooling demand, a cold storage replenishment signal is sent through the wireless communication module to transport the equipment to the surface for cold storage replenishment. After completion, it is transported back down to the well for operation.

[0036] Furthermore, the off-peak period for surface power load mentioned in step 1 is from 23:00 to 7:00 at night, and the cooling air conditioning equipment is transported to the mine by a mine explosion-proof transport vehicle.

[0037] Furthermore, the dust removal rate of the air intake filter mentioned in step 3 is not less than 98%, and the treated cold and dry air forms a comfortable microenvironment around the miner's body that meets the thermal safety requirements.

[0038] Furthermore, the heat exchange efficiency of the spiral tube heat exchanger described in step 6 is not less than 85%, and it can reduce dust fouling and improve long-term heat exchange efficiency.

[0039] Based on the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by this invention are as follows:

[0040] This invention deeply integrates mine explosion-proof air conditioning equipment with workstation tracking and positioning system to construct a full-process closed-loop adaptive temperature control system, rather than a simple superposition of various functional modules.

[0041] This invention does not simply employ the conventional combination of localized cooling and air supply, but rather represents a systematic improvement with synergistic relationships in its overall structure and operating mechanism. First, the integrated design of a mobile chassis and explosion-proof equipment compartment achieves both mobility and underground safety adaptation, solving the problems of fixed placement and poor adaptability of existing equipment. Second, the introduction of a phase-change cold storage box and a dual-mode switching refrigeration circuit (cold storage for cooling / compression-assisted cooling) into the cold source system not only overcomes the limitations of traditional continuous compression refrigeration relying on electricity, but also achieves peak-shaving cooling and high-efficiency energy consumption control. This coupled cold storage and cooling method offers significant targeted improvements for localized cooling scenarios in mines. Third, the combination of an air handling system, a retractable directional air supply system, and multi-directional adjustable air outlets enables precise delivery of cooling energy to the workstation, significantly improving localized cooling efficiency compared to the crude methods of relying on overall ventilation or large-scale cooling in existing technologies. Finally, a closed-loop control system combining environmental sensing, workstation tracking, and motion control enables dynamic and coordinated control of cooling mode switching, airflow adjustment, and equipment position, giving the equipment intelligent response capabilities.

[0042] Most existing mobile air conditioners in mines only have basic walking functions, and their movement paths rely on manual control or fixed tracks, unable to move dynamically and autonomously according to the actual location of the work site. This invention connects environmental sensors and a work site location information acquisition module to a control box, acquiring real-time data on the distribution and changes of the underground working face. It then uses a drive and tracking control device to automatically plan the movement path of the mobile chassis, enabling the air conditioning equipment to actively follow the working face and achieve precise, targeted cooling. This integrated positioning-decision-movement-air supply mechanism significantly improves cooling efficiency and work comfort in the extreme environments of mines, characterized by high dust levels, low light levels, and limited space.

[0043] While existing technologies combine phase change cold storage and compressor refrigeration, most require manual or timed switching. This invention uses environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, dust concentration) and workstation location information as simultaneous control inputs to automatically determine the cooling mode. When the work surface is close and the heat load is low, cold storage cooling is prioritized for low-noise, energy-saving operation. When the heat load is high or the cold storage capacity is insufficient, it automatically switches to compressor-assisted cooling mode. This intelligent mode switching based on dynamic workstation sensing resolves the contradiction between limited underground power supply capacity and large fluctuations in cooling demand.

[0044] Linkage adjustment between air supply system and positioning information: The retractable air supply hose and multi-directional adjustable air outlet of this invention are not simple mechanical structures, but automatically adjust the air supply angle and air volume according to the workstation distance and orientation information received by the control box, so as to avoid waste of cooling capacity and realize on-demand cooling when people arrive and when people leave.

[0045] The technical solution of this invention is not a mechanical patchwork of existing technologies, but rather generates a synergistic effect of 1+1>2 in the special scenario of mines through multi-source information fusion and closed-loop control logic. It has outstanding substantive features and significant progress, and is creative.

[0046] 1. Strong mobility and environmental adaptability: The chassis adopts a combination of tracks and wheels, which can adapt to the complex and uneven roadway surface underground. Combined with infrared positioning and path planning work station tracking technology, the equipment can dynamically and accurately follow the miner's work station, perfectly adapting to the continuous operation needs of mining face advancement, and solving the problems of fixed position and poor adaptability of traditional cooling equipment.

[0047] 2. Energy-saving and efficient with high cooling capacity utilization: The localized and precise air supply cooling method only adjusts the environment of the mining work station. Compared with the overall cooling strategy, the cooling load is reduced by more than 60%, which greatly reduces energy consumption. The cold storage box uses the off-peak electricity price to store cold, reducing operating costs. At the same time, the compressor refrigeration unit and the cold storage box are intelligently switched to achieve efficient utilization of cold capacity, solving the problems of cold capacity waste and low utilization rate.

[0048] 3. Continuous and stable cooling supply with high reliability: The dual-source design, with the cold storage box as the core main cold source and the compressor refrigeration unit as the auxiliary cold source, realizes a continuous supply of cooling capacity and solves the problem of short cooling time of traditional cooling clothes; the combination of vacuum insulation box and phase change cold storage material reduces the loss of cold storage capacity and ensures basic cooling capacity.

[0049] 4. Intelligent control and convenient operation: The control box integrates multiple types of environmental sensors, wireless communication modules and intelligent control chips, which can realize real-time monitoring of environmental parameters, adaptive adjustment of air supply parameters, remote command reception and operation. At the same time, the drive and tracking control device realizes the autonomous movement of equipment and workstation tracking, eliminating the need for real-time manual operation and reducing labor costs.

[0050] 5. High comfort and no interference with operation: As a non-wearable cooling device, it avoids the extra weight and limb restriction caused by cooling clothing, allowing miners to carry out mining operations freely; the adjustable spherical air outlet enables precise guidance of cooling airflow, avoiding local overcooling of the human body and improving work comfort.

[0051] 6. Adaptable to mine safety requirements and long service life: The equipment body adopts an explosion-proof structure, and the retractable air supply hose is made of flame-retardant and anti-static material, meeting the mine explosion-proof safety specifications; the air inlet filter has a multi-stage filtration structure, and the condenser adopts a spiral tube heat exchanger, which effectively reduces dust and scale buildup, prevents wear and failure of internal parts, and improves the equipment's anti-fouling ability and service life.

[0052] As further supporting evidence of the inventiveness of this invention, the following important aspects are also reflected:

[0053] (1) The expected benefits and commercial value of the technical solution of this invention after transformation are as follows:

[0054] It is estimated that a typical medium-sized deep coal mine (annual production of 1.2 million tons) could save approximately 800,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity annually by deploying 50 units of the equipment described in this invention, resulting in direct electricity cost savings of approximately 800,000 yuan (based on a price of 1 yuan per kilowatt-hour). Simultaneously, the 30% increase in operational efficiency effectively adds an invisible production capacity to the mine. More importantly, it effectively reduces the risk of heat-related illnesses among miners and minimizes safety hazards caused by high temperatures, resulting in immeasurable indirect safety benefits and job retention benefits. The estimated cost per unit is 30,000-50,000 yuan, far lower than traditional large-scale central air conditioning systems (costing several million yuan), demonstrating a very high return on investment and significant market potential.

[0055] (2) The technical solution of this invention fills a technical gap in the industry both domestically and internationally:

[0056] Currently, there is a significant technological gap in the field of mine cooling both domestically and internationally: one type is the large-scale, energy-intensive, and inflexible centralized system; the other type is wearable devices with short battery life and poor comfort. This invention is the first to systematically integrate four technologies: a mobile chassis, dual cold source coupling, precise localized air delivery, and dynamic workstation tracking. This has successfully developed a new type of mine localized cooling equipment that combines mobility, high cooling efficiency, user comfort, and non-interference operation. This technical solution fills the technological gap in the industry for mobile, wearable-free, long-lasting, and intelligent localized cooling equipment.

[0057] (3) The technical solution of the present invention solves a technical problem that people have long wanted to solve but have never been able to solve successfully:

[0058] For a long time, the field of mine heat hazard management has been eager for a solution that can provide powerful cooling like a central air conditioner, while also allowing for flexible movement like cooling suits, without interfering with miners' normal work. The technical challenges lie in the contradictions between cooling capacity and equipment size / energy consumption, between mobility and cooling continuity, and between automatic following and the complex underground environment. This invention solves the energy density problem through off-peak electricity storage and a lightweight dual-cold source; it solves the mobility and following problem through a tracked chassis and infrared tracking; and it addresses comfort and interference issues through localized air supply. This marks a crucial breakthrough in solving the long-standing problem of mobile, powerful cooling in this field.

[0059] (4) The technical solution of the present invention overcomes technical bias:

[0060] A long-standing technological bias in this field holds that mine heat hazard control must rely on high-power, fixed, full-space-coverage air conditioning systems; otherwise, effective cooling is impossible. This bias has led to a long-term skew of R&D investment and resources towards large-scale centralized systems, neglecting the potential of localized, precise, and mobile approaches. This invention demonstrates with measured data that through localized, precise air delivery, only 30% of the energy consumption of traditional systems is required to create a superior perceived environment in the work area compared to comprehensive cooling. This effectively overcomes the technological bias that only high-power, full-coverage systems can solve heat hazards, opening up a new, highly efficient, and energy-saving technological path for mine heat hazard control. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a localized portable cooling air conditioning device for mines provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the principle of localized cooling provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0063] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the cold source system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of an air handling system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the air supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the power and control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the condensation and heat dissipation system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of a mine local cooling method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 9 This is a bar chart comparing the daily energy consumption of this invention with other cooling solutions;

[0070] Figure 10 A line graph comparing the cooling duration of this invention with other cooling solutions;

[0071] Figure 11 A bar chart comparing the dust removal rates of this invention with other filtration methods;

[0072] Figure 12 A bar chart comparing the mining operation efficiency of this invention with other cooling solutions;

[0073] Figure 13Long-term operating line graph of the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser of this invention;

[0074] Figure 14 Line graph showing the effect of this invention on temperature and humidity control in the downhole environment.

[0075] In the diagram: 1. Track, 2. Wheel, 3. Control box, 4. Cold storage tank, 5. Air inlet filter, 6. Condenser, 7. Cooling coil, 8. Expansion valve, 9. Circulating pump, 10. Fan, 11. Air supply duct, 12. Retractable air supply hose, 13. Spherical air outlet, 14. Compressor refrigeration unit, 15. Battery storage tank, 16. Drive and tracking control device, 17. Socket. Detailed Implementation

[0076] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0077] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the mobile local cooling air conditioning equipment for mines provided in this embodiment includes a walking chassis and an explosion-proof equipment compartment mounted on the walking chassis. The walking chassis adopts a combination structure of tracks 1 and wheels 2. Tracks 1 are adapted to muddy and potholed roads underground, while wheels 2 are adapted to relatively flat road surfaces, ensuring the flexibility and stability of equipment movement. The equipment compartment is made of explosion-proof steel plate, meeting the explosion-proof safety requirements of mines.

[0078] The equipment compartment integrates a cooling system, an air handling system, a ventilation system, a power and control system, and a condensation and heat dissipation system. The specific configurations of each system are as follows:

[0079] like Figure 3 As shown, the cold source system includes a cold storage box 4 and a compressor refrigeration unit 14. The cold storage box 4 is a vacuum-insulated box filled with phase change cold storage material. The vacuum insulation layer is 8cm thick. The condenser 6 is connected in parallel with the cold storage box 4, and the two are connected by a valve and a port 17, with a circulation pump 9 in between. The cold storage box 4 includes a cooling coil containing a refrigerant. When the cold storage box 4 is insufficient, it can be disassembled and replaced through the port. When the phase change cold storage material in the cold storage box 4 can no longer provide cold, the compressor refrigeration unit 14 will work to provide cold.

[0080] The refrigeration cycle of the compressor refrigeration unit 14 is as follows: the compressor compresses the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas → enters the condenser 6 to dissipate heat → becomes a medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid → passes through the throttling device to reduce pressure and temperature → becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture → enters the evaporator (i.e., cooling coil 7) to absorb heat and refrigerate → becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas and returns to the compressor, repeating the cycle.

[0081] In this embodiment, the localized mobile cooling and air conditioning equipment for mines operates by first moving the entire machine along the underground working face via a chassis. Through a combination of tracks 1 and wheels 2, the equipment can adaptively switch between muddy and hardened roadways, dynamically following the work station. Once the equipment reaches the target area, the power and control systems within the equipment compartment are activated. The compressor refrigeration unit 14 cools the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit, while the eutectic salt phase change material in the cold storage tank 4 completes the cold storage process under low-temperature conditions, achieving cold energy storage. During operation, the low-temperature refrigerant exchanges heat with the air handling system via the cooling coil 7, transferring the cold energy to the processed air, thus rapidly cooling the high-temperature mine air.

[0082] During air handling and ventilation, hot outside air is cooled through heat exchange and then directionally delivered to the personnel area by the ventilation system via flexible ducts, achieving precise localized cooling. Simultaneously, the condensation and heat dissipation system promptly removes the heat generated by the compressor refrigeration unit 14, ensuring stable system operation. When the underground ambient temperature rises or the cooling demand increases, the control system uses parameter adjustment to coordinate the compressor refrigeration and cold storage release. In the event of equipment movement or a short-term power outage, the cold storage tank 4 can independently release cooling capacity to maintain a continuous cooling effect.

[0083] By using a parallel coupling structure of compression refrigeration and phase change cold storage, the dynamic generation and storage of cold energy are decoupled, significantly improving the continuous cooling capacity under complex underground working conditions. At the same time, by combining a mobile tracked platform and a flexible air supply structure, the cold energy can be precisely supplied to the work station, avoiding the problems of high energy consumption and slow response of traditional centralized cooling methods. Furthermore, by integrating a closed-loop refrigerant cycle with an explosion-proof cabin design, the system's safety and adaptability are improved, thus forming a highly efficient, stable, and continuously reliable local cooling solution suitable for complex mining environments.

[0084] like Figure 4 As shown, the air handling system consists of an air intake filter 5, a cooling coil 7, and a fan 10 arranged sequentially along the air intake direction. The air intake filter 5 is a two-stage filtration structure consisting of a coarse metal filter screen and a high-efficiency antistatic filter cotton. The cooling coil 7 is sealed and connected to the refrigeration circuit. The fan 10 is an explosion-proof axial flow fan.

[0085] like Figure 5 As shown, the air supply system includes an air supply duct 11, a retractable air supply hose 12, and a spherical air outlet 13. The air supply duct 11 is a rigid explosion-proof duct that is sealed to the air outlet of the fan 10. The retractable air supply hose 12 is made of flame-retardant and anti-static rubber material with a retraction stroke of 2m. The spherical air outlet 13 has a 360° adjustable structure, and the air outlet can achieve stepless adjustment of the wind speed.

[0086] like Figure 6 As shown, the power and control system includes a battery storage box 15, a control box 3, and a drive and tracking control device 16. The battery storage box 15 is a mine-use explosion-proof lithium battery pack. The control box 3 integrates temperature, humidity, dust concentration, and wind speed sensors, a 4G wireless communication module, and an ARM intelligent control chip. The drive and tracking control device 16 integrates a dual positioning system with an infrared positioning module and a Beidou positioning module, as well as a path planning module based on the A* algorithm.

[0087] like Figure 7 As shown, the condensation heat dissipation system has a core component of condenser 6, which is a spiral tube heat exchanger connected to the refrigeration circuit and positioned opposite the ventilation opening of the equipment compartment to improve the efficiency of condensation heat dissipation.

[0088] Combination Figures 4-7 In this embodiment, the localized portable cooling air conditioning equipment operates with each subsystem working together to form a closed-loop working mechanism of air handling, precise air delivery, intelligent control, and efficient heat dissipation. First, the high-temperature dusty air from the mine enters the air handling system driven by the explosion-proof axial flow fan 10, and undergoes secondary filtration through the inlet air filter 5, which uses a coarse metal filter and a high-efficiency antistatic filter cotton to effectively remove dust particles and suppress static electricity accumulation. Then, the air flows through the cooling coil 7, which is sealed and connected to the refrigeration circuit, and completes sensible heat exchange under the action of the refrigerant to achieve rapid cooling and form a low-temperature clean airflow.

[0089] The cooled air is delivered through the air supply system. The rigid explosion-proof air supply duct 11 ensures stable transmission of the main airflow, and the retractable air supply hose 12 can be adjusted in length according to the working position. The spherical air outlet 13 can achieve 360° angle adjustment and stepless wind speed control, thereby accurately and directionally delivering the cold air to the mining work position to achieve efficient cooling and microenvironment construction in the local area.

[0090] Meanwhile, the power and control system intervenes in real time for regulation: multi-parameter sensors in control box 3 continuously collect temperature, humidity, dust, and wind speed information, which is then comprehensively analyzed by the ARM chip to dynamically adjust the fan speed, cooling intensity, and air supply parameters; combined with the 4G communication module, remote monitoring and command issuance from the surface are realized. The drive and tracking control device 16 achieves precise positioning of the equipment in the complex underground environment through infrared and Beidou dual positioning fusion, and performs path planning based on the A* algorithm, enabling the whole machine to automatically follow the work face and achieve cooling at the work station.

[0091] In terms of heat dissipation, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant generated by the compressor refrigeration unit enters the condenser 6. The condenser adopts a spiral tube structure to enhance heat exchange efficiency and forms a convection channel with the cabin ventilation port to quickly discharge the condensation heat to the underground environment, avoid heat accumulation inside the equipment, and ensure stable system operation.

[0092] The inventiveness of this invention lies in: first, the air handling path, employing a two-stage anti-static filtration system combined with refrigerant heat exchange, balances cooling efficiency with mine explosion-proof safety; second, the multi-stage air supply structure, featuring rigid pipes, flexible telescopic mechanisms, and spherical air outlets, ensures spatial accessibility and precise delivery of cooling capacity; third, the introduction of an intelligent control system integrating environmental sensing, path planning, and remote communication enables the equipment to adaptively adjust and actively follow; and fourth, the use of a spiral tube condenser coupled with cabin ventilation enhances heat dissipation efficiency. This multi-system integration overcomes the limitations of traditional fixed cooling equipment in terms of flexibility, responsiveness, and safety, achieving efficient and intelligent localized cooling under complex mine conditions.

[0093] The specific steps of the mine local cooling method based on the above-mentioned equipment are as follows:

[0094] 1. Preparation for surface cooling: During the off-peak period of surface power load at night (23:00-7:00), start the ice-making equipment to make ice and store cold in the cooling storage box 4 until the eutectic salt in the box undergoes a complete phase change. Then, transport the equipment to the mining face at a depth of 300m using a mine explosion-proof transport vehicle and park it at the initial working position of the workers.

[0095] 2. Equipment initialization and startup: Power is supplied to the battery storage box 15. Control box 3 starts automatically. The environmental sensor collects the initial environmental parameters underground: temperature 38℃, humidity 85%, dust concentration 15mg / m³. 3 The intelligent control chip automatically sets the air supply temperature to 26℃ and the air supply speed to 3m / s based on the preset thermal safety threshold (temperature ≤28℃, humidity ≤70%). The drive and tracking control device 16 completes the initial positioning of the work positions of the three miners through the infrared positioning module.

[0096] 3. Air handling and precise air delivery: When the blower 10 is started, the underground air is filtered through the intake air filter 5, achieving a dust removal rate of over 98%. The purified air flows through the cooling coil 7, where it exchanges heat and humidity with the 5°C solution inside the coil, reducing the air temperature to 26°C and the humidity to 65%. After being pressurized by the blower 10, the cool and dry air is precisely delivered to the work positions of the three miners through the air delivery duct 11 and the retractable air delivery hose 12, and then through the spherical air outlet 13, creating a comfortable microenvironment with a diameter of 1.5m around the miners' bodies.

[0097] 4. Intelligent switching of cold source: The control box 3 monitors the temperature of the refrigerant in the cold storage box 4 in real time through the temperature sensor. When the temperature of the refrigerant rises to 10°C, it is determined that the cold storage capacity is insufficient. The compressor refrigeration unit 14 is automatically started. The compressor refrigeration unit 14 cools the refrigerant to 5°C and then inputs it into the refrigeration circuit. The condenser 6 is connected in parallel with the cold storage box 4 to provide cooling, ensuring the cooling effect of the cooling coil 7.

[0098] 5. Dynamic tracking of work station: When the miner moves 5m in front of the mining work station, the infrared positioning module of the drive and tracking control device 16 captures the movement trajectory of the work station in real time. The path planning module, combined with obstacles such as hydraulic supports in the roadway, plans the optimal movement path, drives the track 1 to work, and moves the equipment smoothly to the corresponding position. The spherical air outlet 13 adjusts its angle accordingly to always keep the cooling airflow covering the miner's work station.

[0099] 6. Condensation and Heat Dissipation and Parameter Control: The condensation heat generated in the refrigeration circuit is discharged to the downhole background environment through the condenser 6. The heat exchange efficiency of the spiral tube heat exchanger is over 85%, and there is no significant dust or scale buildup during long-term use. When the environmental sensor detects that the downhole ambient temperature rises to 40℃, the control box 3 automatically increases the speed of the fan 10 by 20% and adjusts the air supply speed to 4m / s. At the same time, the outlet angle of the spherical air outlet 13 is lowered by 15° to meet the cooling requirements of the high-temperature environment. The ground control center can view the equipment operating parameters in real time through the 4G wireless communication module and issue remote commands to adjust the air supply parameters when necessary.

[0100] After the equipment and cooling method of this embodiment were applied to the working face of a deep coal mine, the temperature of the underground mining operation position was stably controlled at 26-28℃, and the humidity was controlled at 60-70%. The mining operation efficiency was increased by more than 30%, and the overall energy consumption of the equipment was reduced by 70% compared with the traditional comprehensive cooling system. Moreover, there were no problems such as the weight and frostbite caused by cooling suits. It effectively solved the heat hazard problem in deep mining and ensured the safe production of the mine and the occupational health of miners.

[0101] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for local cooling in a mine, comprising the following steps:

[0102] S101, Preparation for Inoue Cooling:

[0103] During periods of low power load on the surface, ice-making equipment is used to make ice and store cold in the cold storage box. Once the phase change cold storage material in the cold storage box has completely undergone phase change, the cooling and air conditioning equipment is transported to the designated initial position at the underground mining face.

[0104] S102, Device initialization and startup:

[0105] The battery storage box is started to supply power to each unit of the equipment. The control box collects the initial parameters of the underground working environment through environmental sensors. The intelligent control chip sets the air supply temperature and wind speed operating parameters according to the preset thermal safety threshold, and drives and tracks the control device to complete the initial positioning of the miner's work position.

[0106] S103, Air Handling and Precision Air Supply:

[0107] When the blower starts, the ambient air in the mine flows through the cooling coil after being filtered through multiple stages by the air intake filter. It exchanges heat and moisture with the low-temperature refrigerant in the cooling coil to achieve cooling and dehumidification. The treated cold and dry air is then precisely delivered to the mining work station through the air supply duct and the retractable air supply hose via the spherical air supply port.

[0108] S104, Intelligent switching of cold source:

[0109] The control box monitors the remaining cold energy in the cold storage box in real time. When the cold energy is sufficient, the cold storage box provides cooling. When the remaining cold energy is lower than the preset threshold or the underground ambient temperature exceeds the preset thermal safety threshold, the compressor refrigeration unit is automatically started and connected in parallel / series with the cold storage box to supplement the refrigeration circuit.

[0110] S105, Workstation Dynamic Tracking:

[0111] The drive and tracking control device tracks the movement trajectory of the miner's workstation through an infrared positioning module, plans the movement path through a path planning module, and drives the tracks / wheels of the driving chassis to work together to enable the equipment to move dynamically with the miner's workstation.

[0112] S106. Condensation and heat dissipation and parameter control:

[0113] The condensation heat generated by the refrigeration circuit is discharged to the background environment downhole through the condenser. The control box dynamically adjusts the fan speed and the angle of the spherical air outlet through the intelligent control chip based on the parameters collected by the environmental sensors. At the same time, it receives remote control commands through the wireless communication module to adjust the equipment operating parameters.

[0114] S107, Equipment Circulation Replenishment:

[0115] When the cold storage tank is completely depleted and the compressor refrigeration unit continues to work but still cannot meet the cooling demand, a cold storage replenishment signal is sent through the wireless communication module to transport the equipment to the surface for cold storage replenishment. After completion, it is transported back down to the well for operation.

[0116] The low-load period of the surface power load mentioned in S101 is from 23:00 to 7:00 at night, and the cooling air conditioning equipment is transported to the mine by a mine explosion-proof transport vehicle.

[0117] The dust removal rate of the air intake filter described in S103 is not less than 98%, and the treated cold and dry air forms a comfortable microenvironment around the miner's body that meets thermal safety requirements.

[0118] The heat exchange efficiency of the spiral tube heat exchanger described in S106 is not less than 85%, and it can reduce dust fouling and improve long-term heat exchange efficiency.

[0119] Example 1: Implementation of Overall Equipment Structure

[0120] like Figure 1As shown, the equipment includes a chassis formed by the combination of tracks 1 and wheels 2. An explosion-proof equipment compartment is mounted on the chassis. Inside the compartment, a cold storage box 4, a compressor refrigeration unit 14, an air inlet filter 5, a cooling coil 7, an expansion valve 8, a circulating pump 9, a fan 10, an air supply duct 11, a retractable air supply hose 12, a spherical air outlet 13, a control box 3, a battery storage box 15, a drive and tracking control device 16, and a condenser 6 are integrated. All components are arranged within the compartment according to the airflow direction and the relationship with the refrigeration circuit, creating a continuous flow channel for cold source generation, air handling, and air supply.

[0121] The equipment uses a chassis formed by the combination of tracks 1 and wheels 2 as its carrier, and achieves stable movement and remote control in complex environments through a drive and tracking control device 16. The explosion-proof equipment cabin integrates a refrigeration and air supply system, and the functional units are optimized according to the airflow organization path and refrigeration cycle relationship, making the system operation more continuous and efficient.

[0122] The compressor refrigeration unit 14 starts, compressing and heating the refrigerant, which is then converted into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant after being cooled by the condenser 6. Subsequently, the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the expansion valve 8 and enters the cooling coil 7, where it evaporates and absorbs heat to form a low-temperature cold source. To improve the efficiency of cold energy utilization, the cold storage tank 4 is coupled to the refrigeration circuit, storing cold energy during the high-efficiency refrigeration phase and releasing cold energy during load fluctuations or instantaneous high demand, thereby balancing system energy consumption and enhancing continuous cooling capacity.

[0123] Outside air first undergoes dust removal and purification through the inlet filter 5. Under the synergistic action of the circulating pump 9 and the fan 10, it is guided to flow through the cooling coil 7 to complete the cooling process, forming a low-temperature clean airflow. The cooled air enters the air supply duct 11 and is delivered to the target area through the retractable air supply hose 12. Finally, the spherical air outlet 13 achieves multi-angle and directional air delivery to adapt to the needs of different work spaces.

[0124] Control box 3 centrally schedules each subsystem, dynamically adjusting the operating parameters of the compressor, fan, and circulating pump based on ambient temperature, load demand, and operating status. Battery storage box 15 provides independent power support for the entire unit, ensuring continuous operation even without an external power source. Through this optimized process, the refrigeration circuit and airflow path are highly matched, reducing energy loss and airflow resistance, and improving refrigeration efficiency and airflow uniformity. Simultaneously, it avoids simple superposition or disordered adjustments to the original process, achieving an overall performance improvement of the system while ensuring explosion-proof, safety, and high efficiency.

[0125] The technical effect data is shown in the table below:

[0126]

[0127] To further verify the energy-saving effect of the present invention, an energy consumption comparison test was conducted between the present invention and a traditional cooling system. The results are as follows: Figure 9 As shown. The daily energy consumption of the device of this invention is 18kWh, which is 74.3% lower than that of the traditional total cooling system (70kWh), demonstrating significant energy-saving effect.

[0128] Example 2: Dual-source coordinated cooling implementation

[0129] like Figure 3 As shown, the cold storage box 4 is a vacuum-insulated structure filled with phase change cold storage material. The condenser 6 is connected in parallel with the cold storage box 4 to the same refrigeration circuit, and the cooling coil 7 serves as the heat exchange end and is connected to this circuit. During operation, the cold storage box 4 prioritizes releasing cold energy, and the compressor refrigeration unit 14 supplements the cold energy when the cold storage is insufficient. Under the control of the control box 3, the two switch between cooling modes, enabling the cooling coil 7 to continuously output low-temperature heat exchange capacity. The technical effect data is shown in the table below:

[0130]

[0131] To further verify the cooling continuity advantage of this invention, the cooling duration of the device was compared with that of traditional cooling clothing and traditional total cooling systems. The results are as follows: Figure 10 As shown. The equipment of this invention can provide continuous cooling for 10 hours in dual-cold-source mode, fully covering a miner's complete work shift (8 hours), which is 150%-300% better than traditional cooling suits (2.5-4 hours).

[0132] Example 3: Air Purification and Heat Exchange Implementation Method

[0133] like Figure 4 As shown, downhole air sequentially enters the inlet filter 5, cooling coil 7, and fan 10. The inlet filter 5 intercepts dust, the cooling coil 7 exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit to lower the air temperature, and the fan 10 delivers the treated air to the air supply duct 11. This structure achieves a continuous air purification and cooling process. Technical performance data are shown in the table below:

[0134]

[0135] To further verify the air purification effect of this invention, the dust removal rate of the two-stage filtration system of this invention was compared with that of a traditional single-stage filtration system. The results are as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the comprehensive dust removal rate of the two-stage filtration structure of this invention reaches 98%, which is 40%-118% higher than that of single-stage filtration (45%-70%), effectively improving the air quality in the well.

[0136] Example 4: Precision Air Supply Implementation Method

[0137] like Figure 5As shown, the air outlet of the blower 10 is sealed to the air supply duct 11. The end of the air supply duct 11 is connected to a retractable air supply hose 12, and a spherical air outlet 13 is provided at the end of the retractable air supply hose 12. The retractable air supply hose 12 is used to adjust the air supply distance, and the spherical air outlet 13 is used to adjust the air outlet direction and speed, enabling the cold air to be directionally delivered to the mining operation position. Technical effect data are shown in the table below:

[0138]

[0139] To further verify the positive impact of this invention on mining operations, the operational efficiency of the equipment of this invention was compared with that of traditional cooling solutions. The results are as follows: Figure 12 As shown. After adopting the equipment of this invention, the efficiency of mining operations is increased to 138%, which is 15 percentage points higher than the traditional comprehensive cooling system (120%) and 38 percentage points higher than the no cooling measures (100%).

[0140] Example 5: Dynamic Follow Implementation Method

[0141] like Figure 6 As shown, the control box 3 is electrically connected to the drive and tracking control device 16. The control box 3 receives environmental parameters and outputs control signals. The drive and tracking control device 16 acquires the workstation position information and generates a walking path, controlling the tracks 1 and wheels 2 to collaboratively drive the chassis to move, ensuring the equipment position corresponds to the miner's workstation. Technical effect data is shown in the table below:

[0142]

[0143] Example 6: Implementation of Condensation Heat Dissipation and Closed-Loop Control

[0144] like Figure 7 As shown, the high-temperature refrigerant generated by the compressor refrigeration unit 14 enters the condenser 6 for heat exchange. The condenser 6 is located in the ventilation position of the equipment compartment to dissipate heat. The control box 3, based on temperature, humidity, dust, and wind speed information, adjusts the fan speed 10, airflow path, and operating status of the compressor refrigeration unit 14. When the cooling capacity of the cold storage box 4 is depleted, the power supply box 15 maintains system operation and sends a replenishment signal, achieving a complete closed-loop operation. Technical performance data are shown in the table below:

[0145]

[0146] To further verify the long-term stability of the spiral tube condenser of this invention, a 90-day comparative test was conducted with a traditional finned tube condenser. The results are as follows: Figure 13As shown. After 90 days of operation, the efficiency of the traditional finned tube condenser dropped to 38% (below the 50% failure threshold), while the spiral smooth tube condenser of this invention still maintained a high efficiency of 81%, and the cleaning cycle was extended from 7 days to 30 days, which greatly reduced maintenance costs.

[0147] To verify the overall environmental control capability of the equipment of this invention, an 8-hour continuous operation test was conducted at the underground mining face, recording the changes in ambient temperature and humidity and the temperature and humidity at the work site in real time. The results are as follows: Figure 14 As shown. Under harsh conditions where the underground ambient temperature rises from 38℃ to 42℃ and the humidity rises from 85% to 91%, the equipment of this invention successfully stabilizes the temperature at the miner's workstation at 26-28℃ and the humidity at 63-68%, fully meeting the thermal safety requirements (temperature ≤28℃, humidity ≤70%).

[0148] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable localized cooling and air conditioning system for use in mines, characterized in that, It includes a chassis and an explosion-proof equipment compartment mounted on the chassis. The explosion-proof equipment compartment is equipped with a cold source system, an air handling system, a ventilation system, a power and control system, and a condensation and heat dissipation system. The cold source system includes a cold storage box and a condenser. The cold storage box is an insulated box with phase change cold storage material inside. The cold storage box and the condenser are connected to the same refrigeration circuit so that the refrigeration circuit can switch between cold storage supply mode and compression supplementary cooling mode. The air handling system is equipped with an air intake filter, a cooling coil connected to the refrigeration circuit, and a fan along the air intake direction. After being filtered by the air intake filter, the mine air exchanges heat with the cooling coil to cool down and is then output under the action of the fan. The air supply system includes an air supply duct connected to the air outlet of the fan, a retractable air supply hose connected to the air supply duct, and a multi-directional angle adjustable air outlet located at the end of the retractable air supply hose, so as to directionally deliver the cooled air to the work station. The power and control system includes a battery storage box, a control box, and a drive and tracking control device. The control box is connected to the environmental sensor, the cold source system, the fan, and the drive and tracking control device, and is used to control the switching of the cooling mode, the adjustment of the air supply parameters, and the movement of the walking chassis according to environmental parameters and workstation position information. The condensation and heat dissipation system includes a condenser connected to the refrigeration circuit, which is used to dissipate the condensation heat generated during the operation of the refrigeration circuit.

2. The portable local cooling and air conditioning equipment for mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change cold storage material is ice or eutectic salt, and the insulation box is a vacuum insulation box with an insulation layer thickness of 5-10cm.

3. The portable local cooling and air conditioning equipment for mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet filter has a multi-stage filtration structure, including a coarse metal filter screen and a high-efficiency anti-static filter cotton arranged sequentially along the air inlet direction.

4. The portable localized cooling and air conditioning equipment for mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The retractable air supply hose is made of flame-retardant and antistatic composite material, with a retractable stroke of 1-3m, and the air outlet is a spherical air outlet.

5. The portable local cooling and air conditioning equipment for mines as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive and tracking control device includes an infrared positioning module and a path planning module. The walking chassis includes a combined walking structure of tracks and wheels. The control box is equipped with a wireless communication module and an intelligent control chip. The environmental sensors include a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a dust concentration sensor, and a wind speed sensor. The condenser is a spiral tube heat exchanger.

6. A method for local cooling in a mine based on the locally portable cooling and air conditioning equipment for mines according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Perform cold storage treatment on the cold storage box to allow the phase change cold storage material to complete the cold storage, and then transport the cooling air conditioning equipment to the underground working area. S2. Start the power and control system, collect downhole environmental parameters and work position information, and set the initial cooling and air supply parameters; S3. The downhole air passes through the air inlet filter, cooling coil and fan in sequence. After the air is heated by the cooling coil, it forms a cooling airflow. The cooling airflow is then delivered to the work position through the air supply pipe, the retractable air supply hose and the multi-directional adjustable air supply port. S4. Based on the remaining cold capacity of the cold storage box and the downhole environmental parameters, switch between the cold storage cooling mode and the compression cooling mode, so that the cold storage box can provide cooling independently or in conjunction with the compressor refrigeration unit. S5. Control the movement of the traveling chassis according to the work station location information, so that the cooling and air conditioning equipment follows the change of the work station and maintains directional air supply; S6. The condensation heat generated during the operation of the refrigeration circuit is discharged through the condenser, and the cooling parameters, air supply parameters, and movement parameters are adjusted according to the real-time collected environmental parameters.

7. The mine local cooling method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the time for storing cold in the cold storage box is from 23:00 to 7:

00. The cooling air conditioning equipment is transported to the underground working area by a mine explosion-proof transport vehicle.

8. The mine local cooling method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the underground air enters the cooling coil after being filtered through multiple stages by the air intake filter. The cooling coil circulates a refrigerant, and the air and the refrigerant exchange heat and moisture to form cold and dry air. The cold and dry air creates a localized comfortable microenvironment around the miner's body.

9. The mine local cooling method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the control box monitors the remaining cold energy in the cold storage box in real time. When the remaining cold energy is lower than the preset threshold or the underground ambient temperature is higher than the preset thermal safety threshold, the compressor refrigeration unit is started to supplement the refrigeration circuit with cold energy.

10. The mine local cooling method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In step S6, the control box dynamically adjusts the fan speed and air outlet angle according to temperature, humidity, dust concentration and wind speed parameters, and sends a cold storage replenishment signal when the cold storage box is depleted and the compressor refrigeration unit continues to run but still cannot meet the cooling demand, so that the equipment returns to the well for cold storage replenishment.

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