A device and method for cascade recovery and utilization of flue gas waste heat in a thermal power plant

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of for thermal power plant flue gas waste heat step recycling device and method, it is related to thermal power generation technical field.The main frame is rotatably connected with adjusting screw, the other end of the adjusting screw is rotatably connected with side frame, the adjusting screw is threadedly connected with pressing plate, the inside of the main frame is rotatably connected with rotating sleeve.The present application, by rotating main rotating lever, simultaneously drives four groups of adjusting screw to rotate, reduces the uneven rotation of four groups of adjusting screw, to ensure the sealing property of the deformation of guide plate, and guide plate is pressed during the process of compacting, buffer plate is moved, buffer plate movement drives limit block movement to limit rotating sleeve, slow down the rotation speed of rotating sleeve, to reduce the situation that guide plate is pressed and damaged due to excessive rotation of rotating sleeve, and buffer plate movement will drive pressure rod movement, facilitate staff to observe the compacting state of guide plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal power generation technology, specifically to a device and method for the cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants. Background Technology

[0002] Thermal power generation utilizes the heat energy generated during the combustion of combustible materials, converting it into electrical energy through a power generation device. Thermal power generation can be categorized by its function into those solely for power supply and those that both generate and supply heat. Based on the prime mover, it can be classified as steam turbine power generation, gas turbine power generation, and diesel engine power generation. According to the fuel used, it is mainly divided into coal-fired power generation, oil-fired power generation, and gas-fired power generation. It primarily utilizes the heat generated by the fuel to heat water, creating high-temperature, high-pressure superheated steam. The steam travels through pipes to a steam turbine, driving the generator rotor to rotate. The stator coils then rotate to generate electrical energy. A step-up transformer then boosts the voltage to the system voltage, connecting it to the grid and transmitting the electrical energy externally. High-temperature flue gas is generated during thermal power generation; to avoid energy waste, a flue gas waste heat recovery system is used.

[0003] Existing waste heat recovery devices mostly use plate heat exchangers for heat exchange. When assembling a plate heat exchanger, multiple sets of guide plates need to be assembled first, and then pressure is applied by a clamping plate to deform the sealing rings between the guide plates, thereby achieving a seal between the plates. However, the clamping adjustment of the clamping plate relies on manual tightening of multiple sets of fastening bolts one by one. Manual tightening cannot guarantee that the number of turns and the amount of feed for each bolt are completely consistent, which can easily cause the clamping plate to be skewed. This results in insufficient clamping force on the local contact surface of the plates, leading to sealing failure. Furthermore, during the compression and clamping process of the guide plates, there is no matching limiting structure. The plates are prone to slight misalignment during the pressure application, which can lead to misalignment of the sealing gaskets and a decrease in the overall sealing performance of the device.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, innovative design based on existing methods is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for the cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants, in order to solve the technical problem in the above-mentioned background technology that the plate of the waste heat cascade recovery and utilization device is prone to misalignment of the clamping plate during the bolt assembly process, resulting in insufficient clamping force on the local bonding surface of the plate and thus sealing failure. This invention provides a solution that is significantly different from the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for the cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants, comprising a main frame, an adjusting screw rotatably connected to the main frame, a side frame rotatably connected to the other end of the adjusting screw, a pressing plate threadedly connected to the adjusting screw, a rotating sleeve rotatably connected to the inner side of the main frame, the rotating sleeve being connected to the adjusting screw via a transmission belt assembly, a main rotating rod slidably connected to the inner side of the rotating sleeve, the main rotating rod being slidably connected to the main frame, a buffer plate slidably connected to the inner side of the rotating sleeve, a first connecting rod hinged to one side of the buffer plate, a limit block hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod, an inflatable rubber pad provided on the curved side of the limit block, and a pressure rod connected to one side of the buffer plate, the pressure rod being slidably connected to the main frame; A calibration component is disposed between the main frame and the side frame, and a limiting component is disposed inside the main frame.

[0007] Preferably, the calibration assembly includes a fixed frame connected to one side of the rotating sleeve, and the other end of the fixed frame is connected to the side frame. A push plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame and is slidably connected to the main frame. The push plate is rotatably connected to the main rotating rod. A transmission rod is connected to one end of the push plate located inside the rotating sleeve. A second connecting rod is hinged to the transmission rod, and a calibration plate is hinged to the other end of the second connecting rod. The calibration plate is slidably connected to the fixed frame.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting component includes an inflatable frame connected to the inner side of the main frame, a piston rod slidably connected to the inner side of the inflatable frame, a threaded screw threaded to the piston rod body, and the threaded screw rotatably connected to the main frame, a diverter connected to the air outlet at the bottom of the inflatable frame, the diverter being connected to the inflatable rubber pad of the limiting block via a hose, and a rotating block sleeved on the threaded screw, the rotating block being slidably connected to the push plate.

[0009] Preferably, the buffer plate has through holes, and both sides of the through holes are connected to the openings of the main frame through corrugated pipes.

[0010] Preferably, a reset spring is connected to the inner side of the main frame, and the other end of the reset spring is connected to the limiting block. A guide rod is also connected to the inner side of the main frame, and the guide rod passes through the hole in the center of the reset spring and is slidably connected to the limiting block.

[0011] Preferably, the inner side of the fixed frame is provided with a sliding protrusion, and the sliding protrusion is slidably connected to the transmission rod.

[0012] Preferably, a connecting spring is connected to the inner side of the rotating sleeve, and the other end of the connecting spring is connected to the main rotating rod. A cross protrusion is provided on the inner side of the rotating sleeve, and the cross protrusion is slidably connected to the main rotating rod.

[0013] Preferably, the threaded screw is connected to a rotating rod on the outside of the main frame, and a turntable is connected to one end of the main rotating rod on the outside of the main frame.

[0014] A method for cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants includes the following steps: S1: Place the panel between the main frame and the side frame, and between the two sets of fixed frames, to complete the placement of multiple panels; S2: Rotate the main rotating rod, which drives the rotating sleeve to rotate synchronously through its sliding connection with the cross protrusion on the inner side of the rotating sleeve. Then, the transmission belt drives the four sets of adjusting screws to rotate synchronously, driving the pressing plate to move horizontally and gradually fit the plate. S3: Press the main rotating rod, and through its rotational connection with the push plate, drive the push plate to move horizontally, push the transmission rod to move, and through the second connecting rod, drive the calibration plate that is slidably connected to the fixed frame to unfold, fit into the groove of the plate body to complete the plate body position calibration; S4: Continue to rotate while keeping the main rotating rod pressed to press the calibrated plate; during pressing, the plate pushes the buffer plate to move, and through the first connecting rod, it drives the limiting block to fit the rotating sleeve. The friction of the inflatable rubber pad on the curved side of the limiting block restricts the rotating sleeve to avoid excessive pressing of the plate. At the same time, the pressing distance can be judged by the protrusion length of the pressure rod. S5: After the plate is pressed, rotate the threaded screw to drive the rotating block to rotate and limit the push plate to prevent it from resetting; at the same time, the threaded screw drives the piston rod connected to it to move, and fills the air in the air frame into the air-filled rubber of the limit block to strengthen the limit and prevent loosening of the rotating sleeve; when the plate needs to be disassembled, the threaded screw can be rotated in the opposite direction to quickly release the fixation and facilitate the replacement of the plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention, by rotating the main rotating rod simultaneously driving four sets of adjusting screws to rotate, reduces the occurrence of uneven rotation of the four sets of adjusting screws, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the guide plate after deformation. Furthermore, during the pressing process of the guide plate, the buffer plate moves, and the movement of the buffer plate drives the movement of the limiting block to limit the rotation speed of the rotating sleeve, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the guide plate due to excessive rotation of the rotating sleeve. In addition, the movement of the buffer plate drives the movement of the pressure rod, making it convenient for the staff to observe the pressing status of the guide plate.

[0016] 2. In this invention, pressing the main rotating rod drives the push plate to move, the push plate moves the transmission rod, and the transmission rod moves the calibration plate to unfold. The unfolded calibration plate can correct the guide plate and reduce the occurrence of tilting or offset of the guide plate before pressing.

[0017] 3. In this invention, the fixing of the limiting block to the main rotating rod can be quickly released by rotating the threaded screw, which makes it convenient for staff to clean or replace the guide plate regularly. In addition, the rotation of the threaded screw will also release the fixing of the push plate, thereby quickly releasing the calibration fixing of the guide plate and further improving the disassembly efficiency of the guide plate. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inner structure of the main frame of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating sleeve and adjusting screw structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top surface structure of the main frame of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the buffer plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed frame of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the main frame of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified structural diagram at point A.

[0019] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the side appearance structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Main frame; 2. Adjusting screw; 3. Side frame; 4. Pressing plate; 5. Rotating sleeve; 6. Main rotating rod; 7. Buffer plate; 8. First connecting rod; 9. Limiting block; 10. Calibration assembly; 101. Fixed frame; 102. Push plate; 103. Transmission rod; 104. Second connecting rod; 105. Calibration plate; 11. Limiting assembly; 111. Inflatable frame; 112. Piston rod; 113. Threaded screw; 114. Rotating block; 12. Pressure rod. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention in order to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, based on the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 10This invention provides a technical solution: a device for the cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants, comprising a main frame 1, an adjusting screw 2 rotatably connected to the main frame 1, a side frame 3 rotatably connected to the other end of the adjusting screw 2, a pressing plate 4 threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 2, a rotating sleeve 5 rotatably connected to the inner side of the main frame 1, and the rotating sleeve 5 being connected to the adjusting screw 2 via a transmission belt assembly, a main rotating rod 6 slidably connected to the inner side of the rotating sleeve 5, and the main rotating rod 6 being slidably connected to the main frame 1, a buffer plate 7 slidably connected to the inner side of the rotating sleeve 5, a first connecting rod 8 hinged to one side of the buffer plate 7, and a limit block 9 hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod 8, with the limit block 9 having a curved side. It has an inflatable rubber pad, and a pressure rod 12 is connected to one side of the buffer plate 7. The pressure rod 12 is slidably connected to the main frame 1. By rotating the main rotating rod 6, the four sets of adjusting screws 2 are driven to rotate simultaneously, reducing the occurrence of uneven rotation of the four sets of adjusting screws 2, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the guide plate after deformation. During the pressing process of the guide plate, the buffer plate 7 is driven to move. The movement of the buffer plate 7 drives the movement of the limiting block 9 to limit the rotation of the rotating sleeve 5, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the guide plate due to excessive rotation of the rotating sleeve 5. Furthermore, the movement of the buffer plate 7 will drive the pressure rod 12 to move, making it easier for the staff to observe the pressing status of the guide plate. The calibration component 10 is located between the main frame 1 and the side frame 3, and the limiting component 11 is located inside the main frame 1.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the calibration assembly 10 includes a fixed frame 101 connected to one side of the rotating sleeve 5, and the other end of the fixed frame 101 is connected to the side frame 3. A push plate 102 is slidably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame 101, and the push plate 102 is slidably connected to the main frame 1. The push plate 102 is rotatably connected to the main rotating rod 6. A transmission rod 103 is connected to one end of the push plate 102 located inside the rotating sleeve 5. A second connecting rod 104 is hinged to the transmission rod 103, and a calibration plate 105 is hinged to the other end of the second connecting rod 104. The calibration plate 105 is slidably connected to the fixed frame 101. By pressing the main rotating rod 6, the push plate 102 is driven to move. The movement of the push plate 102 pushes the transmission rod 103 to move. The movement of the transmission rod 103 causes the calibration plate 105 to unfold. The unfolded calibration plate 105 can correct the guide plate and reduce the occurrence of tilting and displacement of the guide plate before pressing. In one embodiment of the present invention, the limiting component 11 includes an inflatable frame 111 connected to the inner side of the main frame 1. A piston rod 112 is slidably connected to the inner side of the inflatable frame 111. A threaded screw 113 is threadedly connected to the position of the piston rod 112, and the threaded screw 113 is rotatably connected to the main frame 1. A diverter is connected to the air outlet at the bottom of the inflatable frame 111. The diverter is connected to the inflatable rubber pad of the limiting block 9 through a hose. A rotating block 114 is sleeved on the threaded screw 113, and the rotating block 114 is slidably connected to the push plate 102. By rotating the threaded screw 113, the fixing of the limiting block 9 to the main rotating rod 6 can be quickly released, which is convenient for the staff to clean or replace the guide plate regularly. In addition, the rotation of the threaded screw 113 will also release the fixed position of the push plate 102, thereby quickly releasing the calibration fixation of the guide plate and further improving the disassembly efficiency of the guide plate. In one embodiment of the present invention, a reset spring is connected to the inner side of the main frame 1, and the other end of the reset spring is connected to the limiting block 9. A guide rod is also connected to the inner side of the main frame 1, and the guide rod passes through the hole in the center of the reset spring and is slidably connected to the limiting block 9. By setting the reset spring, the limiting block 9 can be quickly pushed back to the initial position. By setting the guide rod to limit the reset spring, the situation of reset spring deformation and misalignment is reduced. The guide rod can also limit the limiting block 9, thereby improving the stability of the limiting block 9 during horizontal movement. As one embodiment of the present invention, a sliding protrusion is provided on the inner side of the fixed frame 101, and the sliding protrusion is slidably connected to the transmission rod 103. By providing the sliding protrusion, the transmission rod 103 can be limited, thereby improving the stability of the transmission rod 103 during its movement. In one embodiment of the present invention, a connecting spring is connected to the inner side of the rotating sleeve 5, and the other end of the connecting spring is connected to the main rotating rod 6. A cross protrusion is provided on the inner side of the rotating sleeve 5, and the cross protrusion is slidably connected to the main rotating rod 6. By providing the cross protrusion, the main rotating rod 6 can be limited, so that the rotating sleeve 5 can be driven to rotate during the rotation of the main rotating rod 6. By providing the connecting spring, the main rotating rod 6 can be pushed back to the initial position. In one embodiment of the present invention, the threaded screw 113 is connected to a rotating rod on the outside of the main frame 1, and the main rotating rod 6 is connected to a turntable at one end on the outside of the main frame 1. The threaded screw 113 can be rotated quickly by setting the rotating rod, and the main rotating rod 6 can be driven to rotate quickly by setting the turntable. As one embodiment of the present invention, the buffer plate 7 has a through hole, and both sides of the through hole are connected to the opening of the main frame 1 through corrugated pipes. By providing corrugated pipes, the insufficient sealing situation during the movement of the buffer plate 7 is avoided.

[0024] The method provided in this embodiment is described below, and specifically includes the following steps: S1: Place the board between the main frame 1 and the side frame 3, and between the two sets of fixed frames 101, to complete the placement of multiple sets of boards; S2: Rotate the main rotating rod 6, which drives the rotating sleeve 5 to rotate synchronously through its sliding connection with the cross protrusion on the inner side of the rotating sleeve 5. Then, through the transmission belt group, it drives the four sets of adjusting screws 2 to rotate synchronously, driving the pressing plate 4 to move horizontally and gradually fit the plate body. S3: Press the main rotating rod 6, which drives the push plate 102 to move horizontally through its rotational connection with the push plate 102, and pushes the transmission rod 103 to move. The second connecting rod 104 drives the calibration plate 105, which is slidably connected to the fixed frame 101, to unfold and fit into the groove of the plate to complete the plate position calibration. S4: Continue to rotate while keeping the main rotating rod 6 pressed to press the calibrated plate; during the pressing process, the plate pushes the buffer plate 7 to move, and through the first connecting rod 8, the limiting block 9 is driven to fit the rotating sleeve 5. The friction of the inflatable rubber pad on the curved side of the limiting block 9 restricts the rotating sleeve 5 to avoid excessive pressing of the plate. At the same time, the pressing distance can be judged by the protruding length of the pressure rod 12. S5: After the plate is pressed, rotate the threaded screw 113 to drive the rotating block 114 to rotate the limiting push plate 102 to prevent it from resetting; at the same time, the threaded screw 113 drives the piston rod 112 connected to it to move, and fill the air in the air frame 111 into the air-filled rubber of the limiting block 9 to strengthen the limiting of the rotating sleeve 5 and prevent it from loosening; when the plate needs to be disassembled, the threaded screw 113 can be rotated in the opposite direction to quickly release the fixation and facilitate the replacement of the plate.

[0025] Working principle: First, when the panel needs to be installed, place the panel between the main frame 1 and the side frame 3, and between the two sets of fixed frames 101. After multiple sets of panels are placed, rotate the main rotating rod 6. Since the main rotating rod 6 is slidably connected to the cross protrusion on the inner side of the rotating sleeve 5, the rotation of the main rotating rod 6 will drive the rotating sleeve 5 to rotate synchronously. Furthermore, since the rotating sleeve 5 is connected to the adjusting screw 2 through the transmission belt set, the rotation of the rotating sleeve 5 will synchronously drive the adjusting screw 2 to rotate. The synchronous rotation of the four sets of adjusting screws 2 will drive the pressing plate 4 to move horizontally. When the pressing plate 4 gradually fits horizontally against the panel... Press the main rotating rod 6. Since the main rotating rod 6 is rotatably connected to the push plate 102, the horizontal movement of the main rotating rod 6 will drive the push plate 102 to move horizontally. The push plate 102 will separate from the rotating block 114. The movement of the push plate 102 will drive the transmission rod 103 to move. Since the transmission rod 103 is hinged to the second connecting rod 104 and the second connecting rod 104 is hinged to the calibration plate 105, and the calibration plate 105 is slidably connected to the fixed frame 101, the movement of the transmission rod 103 will drive the calibration plate 105 to unfold. The unfolded calibration plate 105 will fit into the groove of the plate body, and the position of the plate body will be calibrated by the unfolded calibration plate 105. Secondly, while maintaining the pressing of the main rotating rod 6, continue to rotate the main rotating rod 6. The main rotating rod 6 continues to rotate to press the calibrated plate. During the pressing process, the buffer plate 7 will be pushed to move inward to the main frame 1. Since the buffer plate 7 is hinged to the first connecting rod 8 and the first connecting rod 8 is hinged to the limiting block 9, the movement of the buffer plate 7 will drive the limiting block 9 to move. The limiting block 9 will gradually fit against the outside of the rotating sleeve 5. After the inflatable rubber pad on the curved side of the limiting block 9 contacts the rotating sleeve 5, it will generate friction to limit the rotation of the rotating sleeve 5 during the rotation process, thereby reducing the occurrence of excessive pressing of the plate. During the movement of the buffer plate 7, the pressure rod 12 will also move. By checking the length of the protrusion of the pressure rod 12, the pressing distance of the plate can be judged, which is convenient for the staff to observe. Finally, after the plates are pressed together, rotate the threaded screw 113. The rotation of the threaded screw 113 drives the rotating block 114 to rotate. After the rotating block 114 rotates, it no longer coincides with the empty slot of the push plate 102. Then, release the main rotating rod 6. The rotating block 114 limits the push plate 102 to prevent the push plate 102 from being reset due to the spring. Since the threaded screw 113 is threadedly connected to the piston rod 112, and the piston plate of the piston rod 112 is slidably connected to the inflation frame 111, the rotation of the threaded screw 113 will drive the piston rod 112 to move. The movement of the piston rod 112 will transport the air inside the inflation frame 111 to the inflation rubber of the limiting block 9, improve the limiting effect of the limiting block 9 on the rotating sleeve 5, and reduce the possibility of the rotating sleeve 5 loosening due to external influences. When the plates need to be disassembled later, the threaded screw 113 can be rotated in the opposite direction to quickly release the fixing between the rotating sleeve 5 and the push plate 102, making it convenient for the staff to replace the plates.

[0026] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for the cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants, comprising a main frame (1), characterized in that: The main frame (1) is rotatably connected to an adjusting screw (2), and the other end of the adjusting screw (2) is rotatably connected to a side frame (3). The adjusting screw (2) is threadedly connected to a pressing plate (4). The main frame (1) is rotatably connected to a rotating sleeve (5), and the rotating sleeve (5) is connected to the adjusting screw (2) via a transmission belt assembly. The rotating sleeve (5) is slidably connected to a main rotating rod (6), and the main rotating rod (6) is slidably connected to the main frame (1). The rotating sleeve (5) is slidably connected to a buffer plate (7). The buffer plate (7) is hinged to a first connecting rod (8) on one side, and a limit block (9) is hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod (8). The limit block (9) has an inflatable rubber pad on its curved side. The buffer plate (7) is connected to a pressure rod (12), and the pressure rod (12) is slidably connected to the main frame (1). A calibration component (10) is disposed between the main frame (1) and the side frame (3); Limiting component (11), which is located inside the main frame (1).

2. The device for cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calibration assembly (10) includes a fixed frame (101) connected to one side of the rotating sleeve (5), and the other end of the fixed frame (101) is connected to the side frame (3). A push plate (102) is slidably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame (101), and the push plate (102) is slidably connected to the main frame (1). The push plate (102) is rotatably connected to the main rotating rod (6). A transmission rod (103) is connected to one end of the push plate (102) located inside the rotating sleeve (5). A second connecting rod (104) is hinged to the transmission rod (103), and a calibration plate (105) is hinged to the other end of the second connecting rod (104). The calibration plate (105) is slidably connected to the fixed frame (101).

3. A device for the cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting component (11) includes an inflatable frame (111) connected to the inside of the main frame (1). A piston rod (112) is slidably connected to the inside of the inflatable frame (111). A threaded screw (113) is threadedly connected to the piston rod (112), and the threaded screw (113) is rotatably connected to the main frame (1). A distributor is connected to the air outlet at the bottom of the inflatable frame (111). The distributor is connected to the inflatable rubber pad of the limiting block (9) through a hose. A rotating block (114) is sleeved on the threaded screw (113), and the rotating block (114) is slidably connected to the push plate (102).

4. A device for cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer plate (7) has through holes, and both sides of the through holes are connected to the opening of the main frame (1) through corrugated pipes.

5. A device for cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main frame (1) is connected to a reset spring on its inner side, and the other end of the reset spring is connected to the limiting block (9). The main frame (1) is also connected to a guide rod on its inner side, and the guide rod passes through the hole in the center of the reset spring and is slidably connected to the limiting block (9).

6. A device for the cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side of the fixed frame (101) is provided with a sliding protrusion, and the sliding protrusion is slidably connected to the transmission rod (103).

7. A device for cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the rotating sleeve (5) is connected to a connecting spring, and the other end of the connecting spring is connected to the main rotating rod (6). The inner side of the rotating sleeve (5) is provided with a cross protrusion, and the cross protrusion is slidably connected to the main rotating rod (6).

8. A device for the cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants according to claim 3, characterized in that: The threaded screw (113) is connected to a rotating rod on the outside of the main frame (1), and the main rotating rod (6) is connected to a turntable at one end on the outside of the main frame (1).

9. A method for cascade recovery and utilization of waste heat from flue gas in thermal power plants, characterized in that: The method applicable to the waste heat recovery and utilization device for flue gas in thermal power plants according to any one of claims 1-8 comprises the following steps: S1: Place the board between the main frame (1) and the side frame (3) and between the two sets of fixed frames (101) to complete the placement of multiple sets of boards; S2: Rotate the main rotating rod (6), and through its sliding connection with the cross protrusion on the inner side of the rotating sleeve (5), drive the rotating sleeve (5) to rotate synchronously. Then, through the transmission belt group, drive the four sets of adjusting screws (2) to rotate synchronously, and drive the pressing plate (4) to move horizontally to gradually fit the plate body. S3: Press the main rotating rod (6), and through its rotational connection with the push plate (102), drive the push plate (102) to move horizontally, push the transmission rod (103) to move, and through the second connecting rod (104), drive the calibration plate (105) which is slidably connected to the fixed frame (101) to unfold, fit the groove of the plate body to complete the plate body position calibration; S4: Continue to rotate while pressing the main rotating rod (6) to press the calibrated plate; during pressing, the plate pushes the buffer plate (7) to move, and through the first connecting rod (8) drives the limiting block (9) to fit the rotating sleeve (5). The friction of the inflatable rubber pad on the curved side of the limiting block (9) restricts the rotating sleeve (5) to avoid excessive pressing of the plate. At the same time, the pressing distance can be judged by the protruding length of the pressure rod (12). S5: After the plate is pressed, rotate the threaded screw (113) to drive the rotating block (114) to rotate the limit push plate (102) to prevent it from resetting; at the same time, the threaded screw (113) drives the piston rod (112) connected to it to move, and fill the air in the air frame (111) into the air rubber of the limit block (9) to strengthen the limit and prevent loosening of the rotating sleeve (5); when the plate needs to be disassembled, the threaded screw (113) can be rotated in the opposite direction to quickly release the fixation and facilitate the replacement of the plate.

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