Electron beam irradiation experimental sample ultrasonic cooling device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of electron beam irradiation experimental sample ultrasonic cooling device, belong to electron beam surface alloying technical field.It includes: liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism, ultrasonic generator, ultrasonic transducer, support plate and liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism;The liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism, the ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic transducer and the support plate are sequentially fixed from bottom to top Installation, the top of the support plate is fixedly installed with sample, the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism is connected with the sample and the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism, for cooling the sample.The present application is conducive to promoting alloy layer heterogeneous nucleation formation equiaxed body, eliminates the formation of columnar crystal, solves the problem of interface crack of columnar grain boundary formation in conventional electron beam surface alloying process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electron beam surface alloying technology, and in particular to an ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for an electron beam irradiated experimental sample. Background Technology

[0002] In electron beam surface alloying experiments, especially when ceramic particles (such as WC, Al2O3, TiN, etc.) are added, when the pre-coated layer and part of the substrate reach the molten state, while controlling the uniform distribution of alloy powder, it is also necessary to form uniformly distributed equiaxed crystals inside the alloy layer through a large temperature gradient and ultra-high cooling rate to avoid the formation of phase structure cracks.

[0003] Existing cooling methods generally employ self-excited cooling (natural cooling) based on heat conduction from the substrate. However, self-excited cooling easily causes the alloy powder to form clusters within the alloy layer, while also causing columnar crystals to appear inside the alloy layer. Cracks are easily formed at the columnar crystal interfaces, thereby compromising the quality of the alloy layer formation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for an electron beam irradiation experimental sample, so as to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: an ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for an electron beam irradiation experimental sample, comprising: a liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism, an ultrasonic generator, an ultrasonic transducer, a support plate, and a liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism; the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism, the ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic transducer, and the support plate are fixedly installed in sequence from bottom to top, the sample is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate, and the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism connects the sample and the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism for cooling the sample.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism facilitates the input of liquid nitrogen from the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism into the sample, thereby using liquid nitrogen to rapidly cool the sample, and after cooling, the liquid nitrogen is returned to the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism; by combining ultrasonic vibration with liquid nitrogen cooling, this invention utilizes the cavitation and acoustic effects of ultrasound and the rapid cooling characteristics under the action of liquid nitrogen circulation to promote the heterogeneous nucleation of alloy layers to form equiaxed bodies, eliminates the formation of columnar crystals, and solves the problem of interfacial cracks forming at grain boundaries of columnar crystals during conventional electron beam surface alloying.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0008] Furthermore, the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism includes: a first housing, a second housing, a power output component, a transmission component, and a compression piston plate; the two second housings are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the first housing, the two compression piston plates are slidably disposed opposite each other inside the first housing, the two transmission components are respectively disposed inside the two second housings, one end of the two transmission components is engaged, and the other end is sealed through both sides of the first housing and fixedly connected to the two compression piston plates respectively, for driving the two compression piston plates to move closer or further apart from each other, the power output component is fixedly installed on the side wall of the first housing, and its output end is drively connected to one end of one of the transmission components.

[0009] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the transmission component is conducive to transmitting the driving force generated by the power output component to the two extrusion piston plates, thereby causing the two extrusion piston plates to move closer or further apart inside the first housing, thereby forming an extrusion force, which forces liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism, and into the sample through the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism to achieve the cooling of the sample.

[0010] Furthermore, a motor support block and a reducer connecting plate are fixedly installed on the side wall of the first housing. The power output assembly includes a motor and a reducer. The motor and the reducer are respectively fixedly installed on the motor support block and the reducer connecting plate. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the reducer in a transmission manner.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: the motor support block and the reducer connecting plate are conducive to providing support for the operation of the motor and the reducer, the motor is conducive to generating driving force, and the driving force is transmitted to the transmission components through the reducer.

[0012] Furthermore, the first housing is fixedly mounted on its side wall with: a cylindrical spur gear connecting plate, a first gear connecting plate, a second gear support block, a hinge support block, and a sealing sleeve. The transmission assembly includes: a cylindrical spur gear, a first gear, a second gear assembly, a first transmission rod, and a second transmission rod. The cylindrical spur gear, the first gear, and the second gear assembly are rotatably mounted on the cylindrical spur gear connecting plate, the first gear connecting plate, and the second gear support block, respectively. The cylindrical spur gears in the two transmission assemblies mesh with each other. The cylindrical spur gear and the second gear assembly both mesh with the first gear. The two first transmission rods are spaced apart vertically. One end of each of the two first transmission rods is hinged to the second gear assembly, and the other end is hinged to one end of the second transmission rod. The hinge support block is disposed between the two first transmission rods. The middle part of each of the two first transmission rods is hinged to the hinge support block. The second transmission rod passes through the sealing sleeve and is slidably sealed to the sealing sleeve. Its other end is fixedly connected to the extrusion piston plate.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the cylindrical spur gear is conducive to transmitting the driving force generated by the power output component to the first transmission rod in sequence through the first gear and the second gear assembly, so that the first transmission rod swings around the hinge support block as the second gear assembly rotates, thereby driving the second transmission rod to move back in a straight line along the sealing sleeve, and finally driving the extrusion piston plate to push out or retract.

[0014] Furthermore, the second gear assembly includes: a second gear, a rotating disk, and a transmission connecting rod. The rotating disk is coaxial and fixedly mounted on the top of the second gear. The second gear meshes with the first gear. The transmission connecting rod is disposed on the top of the rotating disk, with one end hinged to the top wall of the rotating disk and the other end protruding from the rotating disk and hinged to one end of the two first transmission rods.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the second gear is conducive to driving the rotating disk to rotate synchronously under the transmission action of the first gear, so that the transmission connecting rod rotates with the rotation of the rotating disk, thereby driving the first transmission rod to swing.

[0016] Furthermore, each of the other end sidewalls of the two first transmission rods is provided with a limiting hole for limiting the displacement distance of the extrusion piston plate within the first housing. The limiting hole is a strip-shaped through hole. One end of the second transmission rod is disposed between the two limiting holes and is slidably connected to the limiting hole.

[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the limiting hole is a strip-shaped through hole, which is conducive to limiting the sliding distance of one end of the second transmission rod through the third hinge pin, thereby limiting the displacement distance of the extrusion piston plate in the first housing.

[0018] Furthermore, the internal cavity of the first outer shell is divided into an inner cavity, an outer cavity, and an upper isolation cavity. The upper isolation cavity is located above the inner cavity and is connected to the upper isolation cavity in one direction through a one-way pump outlet. The outer cavity is located on the outer periphery of the inner cavity and the upper isolation cavity and is connected to the inner cavity in one direction. The two extrusion piston plates are slidably disposed opposite each other inside the inner cavity. The other end of the transmission assembly passes through the outer cavity and is slidably and sealed to the outer cavity. One end of the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism extends into the upper isolation cavity and is connected to the one-way pump outlet. The other end of the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism is connected to the outer cavity.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the inner cavity, outer cavity, and upper isolation cavity facilitate the unidirectional flow of liquid nitrogen.

[0020] Furthermore, a first one-way valve is provided at the connection between the inner cavity and the upper isolation cavity to allow liquid nitrogen to enter the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism from the inner cavity, and a second one-way valve is provided at the connection between the inner cavity and the outer cavity to allow liquid nitrogen to enter the inner cavity from the outer cavity.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve help to prevent the liquid nitrogen inside the first shell from flowing out of the liquid nitrogen inlet during the liquid nitrogen circulation process.

[0022] Furthermore, the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism includes: a liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe, a liquid nitrogen pump return pipe, a first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe, a second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe, and a pressure relief valve. Multiple first liquid nitrogen circulation pipes are spaced apart on one side of the top of the support plate, and at least one second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe is located on the other side of the top of the support plate. Multiple cooling ports are spaced apart on the lower sidewall of the sample. Each cooling port is a through hole. One end of the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe, one end of the first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe, one end of the second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe, and one end of the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe are all sealed and connected to the cooling ports to form a cooling channel for cooling the sample. The pressure relief valve is installed on the cooling channel. The other end of the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe is connected to the inner cavity, and the other end of the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe is connected to the outer cavity.

[0023] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are: it is beneficial to introduce liquid nitrogen into the sample from the cooling port of the sample, thereby using the heat absorption of liquid nitrogen vaporization to quickly cool the sample, and after flowing out of the sample, the liquid nitrogen flows back into the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism. The pressure relief valve is beneficial to automatically relieve the pressure of the cooling channel and avoid excessive pressure from causing an explosion.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a buffer mechanism, which comprises: a buffer plate, a spring damper, and buffer cotton. Two buffer plates are arranged vertically at intervals. The sides of the two buffer plates that are far apart from each other are respectively fixedly connected to the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism and the ultrasonic generator. A plurality of spring dampers are arranged at intervals between the two buffer plates. The top and bottom ends of the spring dampers are respectively fixedly connected to the sides of the two buffer plates that are close to each other. The buffer cotton is filled between the two buffer plates.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are: the spring damper and the buffer cotton help to reduce or even isolate the impact and interference of the ultrasonic generator's vibration when generating ultrasonic waves on the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism, thereby improving the stability of the liquid nitrogen circulation process. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided for an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided for an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sample provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention arranged on the top of the support plate; Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the buffer mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention after concealing the second outer shell. Figure 1 ; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention after concealing the second outer shell. Figure 2 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second gear assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the second gear assembly, the first transmission rod, the second transmission rod, and the extrusion piston plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention after the second outer shell is hidden; Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of the first outer casing provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism; 2. Buffer mechanism; 3. Ultrasonic generator; 4. Ultrasonic transducer; 5. Support plate; 6. Sample; 7. Liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism; 11. First outer shell; 12. Second outer shell; 13. Power output assembly; 14. Transmission assembly; 15. Extrusion piston plate; 16. Inner cavity; 17. Outer cavity; 18. Upper isolation cavity; 21. Buffer plate; 22. Spring damper; 23. Buffer cotton; 61. Mounting slot; 62. Cooling port; 71. Liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe; 72. Liquid nitrogen pump return pipe; 73. First liquid nitrogen circulation pipe; 74. Second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe; 75. Pressure relief valve; 111. Liquid nitrogen inlet; 112. Motor support block; 113. Cylindrical spur gear connecting plate; 114. First 115. Gear connecting plate; 116. Second gear support block; 117. Hinge support block; 118. Sealing sleeve; 119. Reducer connecting plate; 131. Motor; 132. Reducer; 141. Cylindrical spur gear; 142. First gear; 143. Second gear assembly; 144. First transmission rod; 145. Second transmission rod; 146. First hinge pin; 147. Second hinge pin; 148. Third hinge pin; 161. First check valve; 162. Second check valve; 181. Connecting pipe; 731. Liquid nitrogen circulation inlet pipe; 732. Liquid nitrogen circulation outlet pipe; 1321. Worm gear; 1322. Turbine; 1431. Second gear; 1432. Rotating disk; 1433. Transmission connecting rod; 1441. Limiting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, this embodiment provides an ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for an electron beam irradiation experimental sample, comprising: a liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism 1, an ultrasonic generator 3, an ultrasonic transducer 4, a support plate 5, and a liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism 7; the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism 1, the ultrasonic generator 3, the ultrasonic transducer 4, and the support plate 5 are fixedly installed sequentially from bottom to top, and a sample 6 is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate 5; the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism 7 connects the sample 6 and the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism 1, and is used to cool the sample 6.

[0030] It should be noted that in this embodiment, both the ultrasonic generator 3 and the ultrasonic transducer 4 are existing technologies used to generate ultrasonic waves applied to the sample 6, and therefore their specific structures are not described.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are: the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism facilitates the input of liquid nitrogen from the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism into the sample, thereby using liquid nitrogen to rapidly cool the sample, and after cooling, the liquid nitrogen is returned to the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism; by combining ultrasonic vibration with liquid nitrogen cooling, this invention utilizes the cavitation and acoustic effects of ultrasound and the rapid cooling characteristics under the action of liquid nitrogen circulation to promote the heterogeneous nucleation of alloy layers to form equiaxed bodies, eliminates the formation of columnar crystals, and solves the problem of interface cracks forming at grain boundaries of columnar crystals during conventional electron beam surface alloying.

[0032] Preferred, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism 1 includes: a first housing 11, a second housing 12, a power output assembly 13, a transmission assembly 14, and a compression piston plate 15; the two second housings 12 are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the first housing 11, the two compression piston plates 15 are slidably disposed opposite each other inside the first housing 11, the two transmission assemblies 14 are respectively disposed inside the two second housings 12, one end of the two transmission assemblies 14 is engaged, and the other end is sealed through both sides of the first housing 11 and fixedly connected to the two compression piston plates 15, for driving the two compression piston plates 15 to move closer or further apart from each other, the power output assembly 13 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the first housing 11, and its output end is drively connected to one end of one of the transmission assemblies 14.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, two second housings 12 are symmetrically mounted on both sides of the first housing 11, and the two second housings 12 are connected to each other, while the power output assembly 13 is disposed inside the end where the two second housings 12 are connected.

[0034] The advantages of adopting the above preferred solution are: the transmission component is conducive to transmitting the driving force generated by the power output component to the two extrusion piston plates, thereby causing the two extrusion piston plates to move closer or further apart inside the first housing, thereby forming an extrusion force, which forces liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism, and into the sample through the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism to achieve the cooling of the sample.

[0035] Preferred, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a motor support block 112 and a reducer connecting plate 118 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the first housing 11. The power output assembly 13 includes a motor 131 and a reducer 132. The motor 131 and the reducer 132 are respectively fixedly installed on the motor support block 112 and the reducer connecting plate 118. The output shaft of the motor 131 is connected to the reducer 132 in a transmission connection.

[0036] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the two reducer connecting plates 118 are arranged vertically at intervals. The reducer 132 includes a worm gear 1321 and a turbine gear 1322. The output shaft of the motor 131 is connected to one end of the worm gear 1321 via a coupling. The worm gear 1321 meshes with the turbine gear 1322. The turbine gear 1322 is rotatably disposed between the two reducer connecting plates 118 via a first rotating shaft. The turbine gear 1322 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the cylindrical spur gear 141.

[0037] The advantages of adopting the above preferred solution are: the motor support block and the reducer connecting plate are conducive to providing support for the operation of the motor and the reducer, the motor is conducive to generating driving force, and the driving force is transmitted to the transmission component through the reducer.

[0038] Preferred, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first housing 11 has the following components fixedly installed on its side wall: a cylindrical spur gear connecting plate 113, a first gear connecting plate 114, a second gear support block 115, a hinge support block 116, and a sealing sleeve 117. The transmission assembly 14 includes: a cylindrical spur gear 141, a first gear 142, a second gear assembly 143, a first transmission rod 144, and a second transmission rod 145. The cylindrical spur gear 141, the first gear 142, and the second gear assembly 143 are rotatably mounted on the cylindrical spur gear connecting plate 113, the first gear connecting plate 114, and the second gear support block 115, respectively. The cylindrical spur gears in the two transmission assemblies 14... 141 mesh with each other. The cylindrical spur gear 141 and the second gear assembly 143 both mesh with the first gear 142. The two first transmission rods 144 are arranged vertically at intervals. One end of the two first transmission rods 144 is hinged to the second gear assembly 143, and the other end is hinged to one end of the second transmission rod 145. The hinge support block 116 is arranged between the two first transmission rods 144. The middle part of the two first transmission rods 144 is hinged to the hinge support block 116. The second transmission rod 145 passes through the sealing sleeve 117 and is slidably sealed to the sealing sleeve 117. Its other end is fixedly connected to the extrusion piston plate 15.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the cylindrical spur gear connecting plate 113 is spaced above the reducer connecting plate 118, and the cylindrical spur gear 141 is rotatably disposed between the upper reducer connecting plate 118 and the cylindrical spur gear connecting plate 113 via a second rotating shaft. The first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are coaxial and fixedly connected. Two first gear connecting plates 114 are arranged vertically at intervals, and the first gear 142 is rotatably arranged between the two first gear connecting plates 114 via a third rotating shaft; The cylindrical spur gear connecting plate 113, the first gear connecting plate 114 and the second gear support block 115 are arranged at intervals; The second hinge pin 147 passes through the upper first transmission rod 144, the hinge support block 116, and the lower first transmission rod 144 sequentially from top to bottom, thereby achieving the hinge connection between the middle of the two first transmission rods 144 and the hinge support block 116. The second hinge pin 147 is a rod with a T-shaped longitudinal section, and its top end abuts against the top end of the upper first transmission rod 144. "Sliding seal" means that while maintaining a sealed connection, the second transmission rod 145 and the sealing sleeve 117 can also slide together. This can be achieved by fixing a first sealing ring on the inner wall of the sealing sleeve 117 and making the outer wall of the second transmission rod 145 slide together with the inner wall of the first sealing ring.

[0040] The advantages of adopting the above preferred solution are: the cylindrical spur gear is conducive to transmitting the driving force generated by the power output component to the first transmission rod in sequence through the first gear and the second gear assembly, so that the first transmission rod swings around the hinge support block as the second gear assembly rotates, thereby driving the second transmission rod to move back in a straight line along the sealing sleeve, and finally driving the extrusion piston plate to push out or retract.

[0041] Preferred, such as Figure 8 As shown, the second gear assembly 143 includes: a second gear 1431, a rotating disk 1432, and a transmission connecting rod 1433. The rotating disk 1432 is coaxial and fixedly mounted on the top of the second gear 1431. The second gear 1431 meshes with the first gear 142. The transmission connecting rod 1433 is disposed on the top of the rotating disk 1432, with one end hinged to the top wall of the rotating disk 1432 and the other end protruding from the rotating disk 1432 and hinged to one end of the two first transmission rods 144.

[0042] It should be noted that in this embodiment, one end of the transmission link 1433 is hinged to the top wall of the rotating disk 1432 via a fourth rotating shaft, and the other end of the transmission link 1433 is disposed between one end of the two first transmission rods 144, and the other end of the transmission link 1433 is hinged to the two first transmission rods 144 via a first hinge pin 146. Specifically, the top and bottom ends of the first hinge pin 146 are fixedly connected to the side of one end of the two first transmission rods 144 that is close to each other, and the gap passes through the other end of the transmission link 1433.

[0043] The beneficial effect of adopting the above preferred solution is that the second gear is conducive to driving the rotating disk to rotate synchronously under the transmission action of the first gear, so that the transmission connecting rod rotates with the rotation of the rotating disk, thereby driving the first transmission rod to swing.

[0044] Preferred, such as Figure 8 As shown, each of the other end sidewalls of the two first transmission rods 144 is provided with a limiting hole 1441 for limiting the displacement distance of the extrusion piston plate 15 within the first housing 11. The limiting hole 1441 is a strip-shaped through hole. One end of the second transmission rod 145 is disposed between the two limiting holes 1441 and is slidably connected to the limiting hole 1441.

[0045] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the third hinge pin 148 passes through the upper limiting hole 1441, one end of the second transmission rod 145, and the lower limiting hole 1441 sequentially from top to bottom, thereby realizing the sliding connection between the two second transmission rods 145 and the limiting hole 1441. The third hinge pin 148 is a rod with a T-shaped longitudinal cross section, and its top end abuts against the top end of the upper first transmission rod 144. The top end of the third hinge pin 148 is larger than the width of the limiting hole 1441 to prevent the top end of the third hinge pin 148 from passing through the limiting hole 1441.

[0046] The advantages of adopting the above preferred solution are: the limiting hole is a strip-shaped through hole, which is conducive to limiting the sliding distance of one end of the second transmission rod through the third hinge pin, thereby limiting the displacement distance of the extrusion piston plate in the first housing.

[0047] Preferred, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the internal cavity of the first outer shell 11 is divided into an inner cavity 16, an outer cavity 17, and an upper isolation cavity 18. The upper isolation cavity 18 is located above the inner cavity 16 and is connected to the inner cavity 16 in one direction through a one-way pump outlet. The outer cavity 17 is located on the outer periphery of the inner cavity 16 and the upper isolation cavity 18 and is connected to the inner cavity 16 in one direction. The two extrusion piston plates 15 are slidably disposed opposite each other inside the inner cavity 16. The other end of the transmission assembly 14 passes through the outer cavity 17 and is slidably and sealed to the outer cavity 17. One end of the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism 7 extends into the upper isolation cavity 18 and is connected to the one-way pump outlet. The other end of the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism 7 is connected to the outer cavity 17.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the outer cavity 17 encloses the bottom and sides of the inner cavity 16 and the upper isolation cavity 18, but does not enclose the top of the inner cavity 16 and the upper isolation cavity 18; A second sealing ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the extrusion piston plate 15. The second sealing ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the inner cavity 16, so that when the two extrusion piston plates 15 move closer or further away from each other, the liquid nitrogen in the region between the two extrusion piston plates 15 in the inner cavity 16 will not pass through the gap between the extrusion piston plate 15 and the inner wall of the inner cavity 16 and enter the region between the side of the two extrusion piston plates 15 that moves away from each other and the inner wall of the inner cavity 16. like Figure 10 As shown, two first through holes A are symmetrically provided on the plate forming the inner cavity 16 (the plate forming the inner cavity 16 is equivalent to the plate forming the inner ring of the outer cavity 17), and two second through holes B are symmetrically provided on the plate forming the outer cavity 17. The two sealing sleeves 117 are respectively connected to the two second through holes B. A third sealing ring and a fourth sealing ring are respectively fixedly installed on the inner walls of the first through hole A and the second through hole B. The second transmission rod 145 passes through the first through hole A and the second through hole B and is slidably connected with the third sealing ring and the fourth sealing ring, thereby realizing the slidable sealing connection between the second transmission rod 145 and the outer cavity 17. A liquid nitrogen inlet 111 is fixedly installed on the upper side wall of the first outer shell 11. The liquid nitrogen inlet 111 is a shell structure that communicates with the outer cavity 17. The liquid nitrogen inlet 111 is connected to one end of an external liquid nitrogen supply device, while the other end of the external liquid nitrogen supply device is connected to the external atmosphere.

[0049] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned preferred scheme are that the inner cavity, outer cavity, and upper isolation cavity facilitate the unidirectional flow of liquid nitrogen.

[0050] Preferred, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, a first one-way valve 161 is provided at the connection between the inner cavity 16 and the upper isolation cavity 18, for allowing liquid nitrogen to enter the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism 7 from the inner cavity 16. A second one-way valve 162 is provided at the connection between the inner cavity 16 and the outer cavity 17, for allowing liquid nitrogen to enter the inner cavity 16 from the outer cavity 17.

[0051] It should be noted that in this embodiment, regardless of whether the two extrusion piston plates 15 are close to or far from each other, the second one-way valve 162 is always located in the area between the two extrusion piston plates 15.

[0052] The advantages of adopting the above preferred solution are: the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve help to prevent the liquid nitrogen inside the first shell from flowing out of the liquid nitrogen inlet during the liquid nitrogen circulation process.

[0053] Preferred, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism 7 includes: a liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71, a liquid nitrogen pump return pipe 72, a first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, a second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 74, and a pressure relief valve 75. Multiple first liquid nitrogen circulation pipes 73 are spaced apart on one side of the top of the support plate 5, and at least one second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 74 is located on the other side of the top of the support plate 5. Multiple cooling ports 62 are spaced apart on the lower sidewall of the sample 6. Each cooling port 62 is a through hole. One end of the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71, one end of the first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, one end of the second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 74, and one end of the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe 72 are all sealed and connected to the cooling ports 62 to form a cooling channel for cooling the sample 6. The pressure relief valve 75 is installed on the cooling channel. The other end of the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71 is connected to the inner cavity 16, and the other end of the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe 72 is connected to the outer cavity 17.

[0054] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the lower end of the sample 6 is provided with mounting grooves 61 on both sides. The mounting grooves 61 are strip-shaped through grooves used to place one end of the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71, the first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, the second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 74 and one end of the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe 72. The cooling port 62 is provided on the side wall of the mounting groove 61. In this embodiment, there are two first liquid nitrogen circulation pipes 73. The pressure relief valve 75 is installed at the ends of the two first liquid nitrogen circulation pipes 73 that are far apart from each other. The ends of the two first liquid nitrogen circulation pipes 73 that are close to each other are bent to form pipe openings. Pipe openings are also provided on the side walls of the first liquid nitrogen circulation pipes 73. Along the direction in which the two first liquid nitrogen circulation pipes 73 are placed, the two pipe openings on each first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73 are liquid nitrogen circulation inlet pipe 731 and liquid nitrogen circulation outlet pipe 732, respectively. There is one second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 74. The second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 74 is a U-shaped pipe body. The second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 74 is located on the other side of the top of the support plate 5. Its two ends are opposite to the liquid nitrogen circulation outlet pipe 732 of the first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73 and the liquid nitrogen circulation inlet pipe 731 of the second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73. The pressure relief valve 75 is also installed on one end of the side wall of the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71 and one end of the side wall of the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe 72; There are four cooling ports 62. The "cooling channel" consists of one end of the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71, the first cooling port 62, the liquid nitrogen circulation inlet pipe 731 of the first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, the liquid nitrogen circulation outlet pipe 732 of the first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, the second cooling port 62, the second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 74, the third cooling port 62, the liquid nitrogen circulation inlet pipe 731 of the second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, the liquid nitrogen circulation outlet pipe 732 of the second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, the fourth cooling port 62, and the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe 7. The channel formed by connecting one end of 2 is in the cooling channel. Because the liquid nitrogen vaporizes after absorbing heat and cooling the sample 6, it increases the pressure in the cooling channel. Therefore, the pressure relief valve 75 can automatically open when it detects that the pressure in the cooling channel has risen to a first preset value, thereby relieving the pressure in the cooling channel and preventing an explosion due to excessive pressure. It can also automatically close when it detects that the pressure in the cooling channel has dropped to a second preset value, thereby preventing excessive loss of liquid nitrogen. The automatic opening and closing of the pressure relief valve 75 is prior art and will not be described in detail here. A fifth sealing ring is fixedly fitted at one end of the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71, the liquid nitrogen circulation inlet pipe 731 and the liquid nitrogen circulation outlet pipe 732 of the first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, both ends of the second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 74, and one end of the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe 72, so as to prevent liquid nitrogen from leaking out of the cooling port 62. like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, a connecting pipe 181 is provided on the plate separating the upper isolation cavity 18 and the inner cavity 16. The connecting pipe 181 is located inside the upper isolation cavity 18. The first one-way valve 161 is located at one end of the connecting pipe 181. The other end of the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71 is connected to the other end of the connecting pipe 181, so that the liquid nitrogen in the inner cavity 16 enters the connecting pipe 181 from the first one-way valve 161 and enters the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71 from the connecting pipe 181. The connecting pipe 181 is the one-way pump outlet mentioned above.

[0055] The advantages of adopting the above preferred scheme are: it is beneficial to introduce liquid nitrogen into the sample from the cooling port of the sample, thereby using the heat absorption of liquid nitrogen vaporization to quickly cool the sample, and after flowing out of the sample, the liquid nitrogen flows back into the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism. The pressure relief valve is beneficial to automatically relieve the pressure of the cooling channel and avoid excessive pressure from causing an explosion.

[0056] Preferred, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, it also includes a buffer mechanism 2, which includes: a buffer plate 21, a spring damper 22, and a buffer cotton 23. Two buffer plates 21 are arranged vertically at intervals. The sides of the two buffer plates 21 that are far apart from each other are respectively fixedly connected to the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism 1 and the ultrasonic generator 3. A plurality of spring dampers 22 are arranged at intervals between the two buffer plates 21. The top and bottom ends of the spring dampers 22 are respectively fixedly connected to the sides of the two buffer plates 21 that are close to each other. The buffer cotton 23 is filled between the two buffer plates 21.

[0057] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the two buffer plates 21 are fixedly connected to the top of the first outer shell 11 and the ultrasonic generator 3 on opposite sides. The spring damper 22 is a composite vibration reduction element that combines spring elastic support with damping energy dissipation. Its core is to absorb and dissipate vibration energy and suppress resonance and excessive displacement through the synergistic effect of "spring energy storage" and "damping energy dissipation". This belongs to the prior art.

[0058] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned preferred solution are: the spring damper and the buffer cotton help to reduce or even isolate the impact and interference of the ultrasonic generator's vibration when generating ultrasonic waves on the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism, thereby improving the stability of the liquid nitrogen circulation process.

[0059] The working process of this embodiment is described below: like Figures 1 to 11As shown, on the one hand, the ultrasonic generator 3 and ultrasonic transducer 4 are started to generate ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic waves are applied to the sample 6 through the support plate 5. On the other hand, liquid nitrogen is introduced into the sample 6 through the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism 1 and the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism 7 to rapidly cool the sample 6.

[0060] The specific process by which liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism 1 and liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism 7 cooperate to input liquid nitrogen into sample 6 is as follows: When the motor 131 starts, it drives the cylindrical spur gear 141 to rotate through the worm gear 1321 and the turbine gear 1322. The cylindrical spur gear 141 then drives the second gear 1431 to rotate through the first gear 142. The second gear 1431 drives the rotating disk 1432 and the transmission connecting rod 1433 to rotate. The transmission connecting rod 1433 drives the first transmission rod 144 to swing around the hinge support block 116. The swinging of the first transmission rod 144 will cause the third hinge pin 148 to slide within the length range of the limiting hole 1441. The second transmission rod 145 will extend or retract along the sealing sleeve 117, ultimately driving the extrusion piston plate 15 to move within the inner cavity 16. When the two transmission components 14 work synchronously, the two extrusion piston plates 15 will move closer or further apart within the inner cavity 16. In the initial state, the external liquid nitrogen supply device injects a certain amount of liquid nitrogen into the outer cavity 17 through the liquid nitrogen inlet 111. When the liquid nitrogen level in the outer cavity 17 rises above the second one-way valve 162, the liquid nitrogen will open the second one-way valve 162 and enter the inner cavity 16, where it will maintain a fixed liquid level. When the two extrusion piston plates 15 approach each other in the inner cavity 16, they extrude liquid nitrogen in the inner cavity 16, causing the liquid nitrogen level in the inner cavity 16 to rise above the first one-way valve 161. This causes the liquid nitrogen to open the first one-way valve 161 and enter the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71. As the two extrusion piston plates 15 continue to approach each other in the inner cavity 16, they continuously drive liquid nitrogen into the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71. The liquid nitrogen passes through the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71, the first cooling port 62, the first first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, the second cooling port 62, the second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 74, the third cooling port 62, the second first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, the fourth cooling port 62, and the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe 72 before returning to the outer cavity 17, completing one cycle. During this process, the liquid nitrogen can absorb heat and cool the sample 6 when it passes through the four cooling ports 62. Because the temperature of the liquid nitrogen is extremely low, rapid cooling of the sample 6 can be achieved through heat exchange. When the two extrusion piston plates 15 approach each other to the first extreme point within the inner cavity 16, on the one hand, the pressure within the inner cavity 16 decreases to the minimum value. At this time, under the action of external atmospheric pressure, the external liquid nitrogen supply device will replenish a portion of liquid nitrogen (the replenished liquid nitrogen is the portion discharged through the pressure relief valve 75 after liquid nitrogen vaporization) into the outer cavity 17, while the two extrusion piston plates 15 will move away from each other under the action of atmospheric pressure, causing the pressure within the inner cavity 16 to gradually increase. On the other hand, as the power output assembly 13 and the transmission assembly 14 continue to work, the second transmission rod 145 will also drive the two extrusion piston plates 15 to move away from each other. As the liquid nitrogen level in the outer cavity 17 gradually rises, the liquid nitrogen will open the second one-way valve 162 again and enter the inner cavity 16. When the two extrusion piston plates 15 move away from each other to the second pole in the inner cavity 16, the liquid nitrogen will maintain a certain liquid level in the inner cavity 16. When the two extrusion piston plates 15 approach each other in the inner cavity 16, the above process is repeated. Eventually, the two extrusion piston plates 15 continuously approach or move away from each other in the inner cavity 16, thereby causing liquid nitrogen to continuously circulate in the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71, the first cooling port 62, the first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, the second cooling port 62, the second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 74, the third cooling port 62, the second first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe 73, the fourth cooling port 62, the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe 72, the outer cavity 17, and the inner cavity 16, continuously cooling and reducing the temperature of the sample 6.

[0061] This embodiment has the following beneficial effects: (1) By installing the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism 7 in the mounting groove 61 of the sample 6 and directly connecting it to the cooling port 61, the liquid nitrogen, as the coolant, can directly enter the sample 6 in the experiment through the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism 7 to achieve the maximum efficiency of heat exchange and quickly cool the sample 6 to complete the experimental environment. (2) The buffer mechanism prevents the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism 1 below from being affected by the vibration generated by the ultrasonic generator 3, so that it can carry out normal liquid nitrogen circulation work. (3) By driving the reducer 132 through the motor 131, the device runs more smoothly and the liquid nitrogen is fully utilized in the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism 1. At the same time, through the triple gear transmission (i.e., cylindrical spur gear 141, first gear 142 and second gear 1431), the transmission ratio of the device is constant, which also ensures the stability of the device's movement. (4) Several pressure relief valves 75 ensure that the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism 7 will not cause the pressure inside the pipeline to rise suddenly during the evaporation process, thereby causing the overall system pressure imbalance and damage. At the same time, the liquid nitrogen inlet 111 also serves to connect to the outside world, which also ensures that the device will not be damaged in pressure imbalance. (5) During the liquid nitrogen circulation process, liquid nitrogen needs to continuously enter and exit the inner cavity 16. During the process of entering the inner cavity 16, liquid nitrogen can enter the inner cavity by opening the second one-way valve 162 through pressure. During the process of pumping out of the inner cavity 16, liquid nitrogen can enter the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe 71 by opening the first one-way valve 161 through pressure. (6) Liquid nitrogen is used as the main coolant, and the device is designed based on the basic characteristics of liquid nitrogen to ensure the maximum heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the device is driven by the motor 131 and the reducer 132. During the repeated movement of the piston plate 15, liquid nitrogen is repeatedly pumped into the cooling port 61 of the sample 6 for cooling, which greatly improves the cooling efficiency.

[0062] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0063] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0064] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0065] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0066] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0067] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for an electron beam irradiated experimental sample, characterized in that, include: Liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism (1), ultrasonic generator (3), ultrasonic transducer (4), support plate (5) and liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism (7). The liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism (1), the ultrasonic generator (3), the ultrasonic transducer (4) and the support plate (5) are fixedly installed from bottom to top. The sample (6) is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate (5). The liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism (7) connects the sample (6) and the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism (1) for cooling the sample (6).

2. The ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for electron beam irradiation experimental samples according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism (1) includes: a first housing (11), a second housing (12), a power output assembly (13), a transmission assembly (14), and a compression piston plate (15). Two second housings (12) are fixedly installed on both sides of the first housing (11). Two extrusion piston plates (15) are slidably disposed in the first housing (11) and opposite to each other. Two transmission components (14) are disposed in the two second housings (12). One end of each transmission component (14) is engaged, and the other end is sealed through both sides of the first housing (11) and fixedly connected to the two extrusion piston plates (15) respectively, for driving the two extrusion piston plates (15) to move closer or further away from each other. The power output component (13) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the first housing (11), and its output end is connected to one end of one of the transmission components (14).

3. The ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for electron beam irradiation experimental samples according to claim 2, characterized in that, A motor support block (112) and a reducer connecting plate (118) are fixedly installed on the side wall of the first housing (11). The power output assembly (13) includes a motor (131) and a reducer (132). The motor (131) and the reducer (132) are respectively fixedly installed on the motor support block (112) and the reducer connecting plate (118). The output shaft of the motor (131) is connected to the reducer (132) in a transmission connection.

4. The ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for electron beam irradiation experimental samples according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first housing (11) has the following components fixedly installed on its side wall: a cylindrical spur gear connecting plate (113), a first gear connecting plate (114), a second gear support block (115), a hinge support block (116), and a sealing sleeve (117). The transmission assembly (14) includes: a cylindrical spur gear (141), a first gear (142), a second gear assembly (143), a first transmission rod (144), and a second transmission rod (145). The cylindrical spur gear (141), the first gear (142), and the second gear assembly (143) are rotatably mounted on the cylindrical spur gear connecting plate (113), the first gear connecting plate (114), and the second gear support block (115), respectively. The cylindrical spur gear in the two transmission assemblies (14) is... Gears (141) mesh with each other. The cylindrical spur gear (141) and the second gear assembly (143) both mesh with the first gear (142). Two first transmission rods (144) are arranged vertically and horizontally. One end of the two first transmission rods (144) is hinged to the second gear assembly (143), and the other end is hinged to one end of the second transmission rod (145). The hinge support block (116) is arranged between the two first transmission rods (144). The middle part of the two first transmission rods (144) is hinged to the hinge support block (116). The second transmission rod (145) passes through the sealing sleeve (117) and is slidably sealed to the sealing sleeve (117). Its other end is fixedly connected to the extrusion piston plate (15).

5. The ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for electron beam irradiation experimental samples according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second gear assembly (143) includes: a second gear (1431), a rotating disk (1432), and a transmission link (1433). The rotating disk (1432) is coaxial and fixedly mounted on the top of the second gear (1431). The second gear (1431) meshes with the first gear (142). The transmission link (1433) is located on the top of the rotating disk (1432), with one end hinged to the top wall of the rotating disk (1432) and the other end protruding from the rotating disk (1432) and hinged to one end of the two first transmission rods (144).

6. The ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for electron beam irradiation experimental samples according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the two first transmission rods (144) has a limiting hole (1441) on its other side wall for limiting the displacement distance of the extrusion piston plate (15) within the first housing (11). The limiting hole (1441) is a strip-shaped through hole. One end of the second transmission rod (145) is located between the two limiting holes (1441) and is slidably connected to the limiting hole (1441).

7. The ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for electron beam irradiation experimental samples according to claim 2, characterized in that, The internal cavity of the first outer shell (11) is divided into an inner cavity (16), an outer cavity (17), and an upper isolation cavity (18). The upper isolation cavity (18) is located above the inner cavity (16) and is connected to the upper isolation cavity (18) in one direction through a one-way pump outlet. The outer cavity (17) is located on the outer periphery of the inner cavity (16) and the upper isolation cavity (18) and is connected to the inner cavity (16) in one direction. 16) One-way communication, the two extrusion piston plates (15) are slidably disposed inside the inner cavity (16) opposite to each other, the other end of the transmission assembly (14) passes through the outer cavity (17) and is slidably sealed to the outer cavity (17), one end of the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism (7) extends into the upper isolation cavity (18) and is connected to the one-way pump outlet, and the other end of the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism (7) is connected to the outer cavity (17).

8. The ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for electron beam irradiation experimental samples according to claim 7, characterized in that, A first one-way valve (161) is provided at the connection between the inner cavity (16) and the upper isolation cavity (18) to allow liquid nitrogen to enter the liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism (7) from the inner cavity (16). A second one-way valve (162) is provided at the connection between the inner cavity (16) and the outer cavity (17) to allow liquid nitrogen to enter the inner cavity (16) from the outer cavity (17).

9. The ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for electron beam irradiation experimental samples according to claim 7, characterized in that, The liquid nitrogen circulation pipeline mechanism (7) includes: a liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe (71), a liquid nitrogen pump return pipe (72), a first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe (73), a second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe (74), and a pressure relief valve (75). Multiple first liquid nitrogen circulation pipes (73) are spaced apart on one side of the top of the support plate (5), and at least one second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe (74) is located on the other side of the top of the support plate (5). Multiple cooling ports (62) are spaced apart on the lower sidewall of the sample (6). The liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe (71) is a through hole. One end of the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe (71), the first liquid nitrogen circulation pipe (73), the second liquid nitrogen circulation pipe (74), and the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe (72) are all sealed and connected to the cooling port (62) to form a cooling channel for cooling the sample (6). The pressure relief valve (75) is installed on the cooling channel. The other end of the liquid nitrogen pump outlet pipe (71) is connected to the inner cavity (16), and the other end of the liquid nitrogen pump return pipe (72) is connected to the outer cavity (17).

10. The ultrasonic-assisted cooling device for electron beam irradiation experimental samples according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It also includes a buffer mechanism (2), which includes a buffer plate (21), a spring damper (22) and a buffer cotton (23). The two buffer plates (21) are arranged vertically and horizontally. The sides of the two buffer plates (21) that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to the liquid nitrogen circulation drive mechanism (1) and the ultrasonic generator (3), respectively. A plurality of spring dampers (22) are arranged between the two buffer plates (21) at intervals. The top and bottom ends of the spring dampers (22) are fixedly connected to the sides of the two buffer plates (21) that are close to each other, respectively. The buffer cotton (23) is filled between the two buffer plates (21).

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