A rwa-oriented cross-border supervision and data compliance method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cross-border supervision and data compliance methods and systems for RWA. Among them, the method comprises: generating the digital twin of multi-party co-management for real assets on the domestic asset chain; when the overseas asset management institution initiates a mapping request, lock the digital twin through the asset twin bridge, and at the same time, when the original operation data outbound compliance review and verification are completed through the compliance data channel, the corresponding shadow asset is cast on the overseas RWA chain; the overseas investor subscribes to the shadow asset, and the funds raised are invested in the entity through the qualified overseas limited partner channel; after the operation income is verified, it is returned to the overseas RWA chain through the same channel, and the intelligent contract automatically distributes dividends; during the existence period, the asset state summary is synchronized through the asset twin bridge to realize risk monitoring, and desensitized operation data is provided to the investor through the compliance data channel. The application realizes data security compliance, penetrating supervision and full-process automation value closed loop in RWA cross-border business.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of cross-border data compliance and blockchain technology, and more specifically, to a method and system for cross-border regulation and data compliance for RWA. Background Technology

[0002] Real-world asset tokenization (RWA) aims to transform physical assets such as charging stations and real estate into digital rights certificates on the blockchain. However, RWA business inherently faces a physical and legal separation where "assets are located domestically, but funds are located overseas."

[0003] Existing technical solutions typically employ a single blockchain or a simple cross-chain bridge model, which suffers from the following serious drawbacks, making it difficult to conduct large-scale compliant business operations: (1) Regulatory gaps and compliance conflicts: Domestic assets must comply with strict state-owned asset management or data security laws (such as restrictions on data export), while overseas funds require complete transparency and decentralization. A single-chain architecture cannot simultaneously meet the contradictory needs of "strong domestic regulation" and "high degree of freedom overseas".

[0004] (2) Data and asset disconnect: Traditional cross-chain bridges only transfer tokens (asset certificates) and cannot synchronize the real-time physical status of assets (such as the wear and tear of charging piles and real-time revenue). The token price seen by investors is decoupled from the actual health of the underlying assets.

[0005] (3) Data export compliance challenges: RWA operations generate massive amounts of Internet of Things (IoT) data. Directly uploading and disclosing this data on the blockchain would lead to privacy leaks and violations of data export regulations. If the data is not uploaded to the blockchain, overseas investors cannot verify the authenticity of the assets, creating a "trust black box".

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an innovative technical architecture and methodology that can enable RWA to achieve compliant cross-border digitalization, transparent operation, and penetrating supervision while ensuring asset and data security. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention provides a method and system for cross-border supervision and data compliance for RWA, in order to solve the problem that existing technologies cannot allow domestic physical assets (such as charging piles and real estate) to be safely and compliantly invested in by foreigners, while meeting the strict domestic data export supervision and the transparent transaction requirements of foreign countries.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a method for cross-border regulation and data compliance for RWA (Real Estate Management and Data Acquisition). This method includes: S1, generating a unique digital twin of a physical asset controlled by multiple parties on a domestic asset blockchain; S2, when an overseas asset management institution initiates a cross-border asset mapping request to the asset twin bridge, the asset twin bridge locks the digital twin and, simultaneously, completes the compliance verification of the original operational data of the physical asset for export through a compliance data channel, mints a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin on an overseas RWA blockchain; S3, overseas investors subscribe to the shadow asset on a public blockchain or an overseas RWA blockchain, and the raised funds are channeled through... The qualified foreign limited partner (QFLP) channel is introduced into the domestic market and atomically linked to the on-chain minting record of the funds. When the physical assets generate operating income, the distributable profits from the operation of the physical assets are synchronized to the overseas RWA chain through the QFLP channel to drive the smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain to automatically distribute dividends to overseas investors. S4. During the existence of the physical assets, the status summary information of the physical assets is synchronized to the overseas RWA chain for overseas investors and the smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain to monitor and make decisions. At the same time, the de-identified physical asset operation reports are provided to overseas investors through the compliant data channel.

[0009] Optionally, the digital twin includes: physical anchoring elements, digital identity elements, legal ownership elements, and control elements; the physical anchoring element is an asset fingerprint generated by collecting non-volatile physical characteristic information of physical assets through IoT devices; the digital identity element is a distributed identity identifier of the physical asset generated based on the asset fingerprint; the legal ownership element is a verifiable certificate of legal ownership of the physical asset, bound to the distributed identity identifier and signed by at least one authoritative institution; the control element is a multi-party control mode in which the control of the distributed identity identifier is configured by a smart contract deployed on the domestic asset chain, jointly held by project nodes, regulatory nodes, and custodian nodes.

[0010] Optionally, S2 includes: when an overseas asset management institution initiates a cross-border asset mapping request to the asset twin bridge, the asset twin bridge locks the digital twin on the domestic asset chain and generates an asset lock certificate; within the domestic trusted data space, it performs privacy calculation processing on the original operational data generated by the physical asset to generate compliant data results that can be disclosed overseas; it submits the compliant data results to the domestic regulatory system for automated overseas filing through a cross-border compliance gateway; after the filing is approved, a compliance oracle generates a compliance signature and sends it to the asset twin bridge; the asset twin bridge verifies the asset lock certificate and the compliance signature, and only when both are verified is a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin minted on the overseas RWA chain.

[0011] Optionally, S3 includes: overseas investors subscribing to the shadow asset using subscription digital assets on a public chain or an overseas RWA chain, automatically raising funds through on-chain smart contracts and collecting them into a multi-signature wallet controlled by an overseas SPV; the overseas SPV converting the funds collected on-chain into overseas fiat currency through compliant financial institutions, and then converting it into RMB through qualified overseas limited partners before injecting it into the domestic project company; on the domestic asset chain, binding and storing the bank transaction information of the injected funds with the transaction hash of the on-chain fund collection; when the physical asset generates operating income, transferring the physical asset's output... The operating cash flow information is cross-referenced and verified with the operating revenue data generated based on IoT data obtained through the compliant data channel to confirm distributable profits. The verified distributable profits are converted into offshore fiat currency through qualified offshore limited partners and then transferred to an offshore SPV. The offshore SPV converts the offshore fiat currency into dividend-paying digital assets and injects them into the offshore RWA chain. When the smart contract on the offshore RWA chain is triggered, the dividend-paying digital assets are automatically distributed to the corresponding holder wallets based on the real-time snapshot of the shadow asset holders and their holding ratios.

[0012] Optionally, S4 includes: generating a status summary of the physical asset in real time based on IoT data within the territory, the status summary information including at least asset health, location status, and online rate; synchronizing the status summary information to the overseas RWA chain through the asset twin bridge; the smart contract on the overseas RWA chain executing monitoring or automatic risk control decisions on the shadow asset based on the received status summary information; simultaneously, de-identifying and encrypting the original operational data generated by the physical asset within the territory to generate a de-identified encrypted physical asset operation report; transmitting the de-identified encrypted physical asset operation report to an overseas international data space connector through the compliant data channel; wherein, the shadow asset serves as an access credential, used to authorize overseas investors to decrypt the de-identified encrypted asset operation report from the international data space connector to obtain and view the de-identified asset operation report.

[0013] On the other hand, this invention provides a cross-border regulatory and data compliance system for RWA, comprising: a generation unit for generating a unique digital twin of a physical asset controlled by multiple parties on a domestic asset chain; a minting unit for minting a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin on an overseas RWA chain when an overseas asset management institution initiates a cross-border asset mapping request to the asset twin bridge, the asset twin bridge locks the digital twin, and simultaneously completes the compliance verification of the original operational data of the physical asset for export through a compliance data channel; and an investment return unit for overseas investors to subscribe to the shadow asset on a public chain or an overseas RWA chain, and raise funds through... The qualified foreign limited partner (QFLP) channel is introduced into the domestic market and atomically linked to the on-chain minting record of the funds. When the physical assets generate operating income, the distributable profits from the operation of the physical assets are synchronized to the overseas RWA chain through the QFLP channel to drive the smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain to automatically distribute dividends to overseas investors. The operation management unit is used to synchronize the status summary information of the physical assets to the overseas RWA chain during the existence of the physical assets, so that overseas investors and the smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain can monitor and make decisions. At the same time, it provides de-identified physical asset operation reports to overseas investors through the compliant data channel.

[0014] Optionally, the digital twin includes: physical anchoring elements, digital identity elements, legal ownership elements, and control elements; the physical anchoring element is an asset fingerprint generated by collecting non-volatile physical characteristic information of physical assets through IoT devices; the digital identity element is a distributed identity identifier of the physical asset generated based on the asset fingerprint; the legal ownership element is a verifiable certificate of legal ownership of the physical asset, bound to the distributed identity identifier and signed by at least one authoritative institution; the control element is a multi-party control mode in which the control of the distributed identity identifier is configured by a smart contract deployed on the domestic asset chain, jointly held by project nodes, regulatory nodes, and custodian nodes.

[0015] Optionally, the casting unit includes: an asset lock-up certificate generation subunit, used to lock the digital twin on the domestic asset chain and generate an asset lock-up certificate when an overseas asset management institution initiates an asset cross-border mapping request to the asset twin bridge; a compliance signature generation subunit, used to perform privacy calculation processing on the original operational data generated by the physical asset within the domestic trusted data space to generate a compliance data result that can be disclosed overseas; submitting the compliance data result to the domestic regulatory system for automated overseas filing through a cross-border compliance gateway; after the filing is approved, a compliance signature is generated by a compliance oracle and sent to the asset twin bridge; and a shadow asset casting subunit, used by the asset twin bridge to verify the asset lock-up certificate and the compliance signature, and to cast a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin on the overseas RWA chain only when both are verified.

[0016] Optionally, the investment return unit includes: a collection subunit, used by overseas investors to subscribe to the shadow asset using subscription digital assets on a public chain or an overseas RWA chain, automatically raising funds through on-chain smart contracts and collecting them into a multi-signature wallet controlled by an overseas SPV; a first exchange subunit, used by the overseas SPV to exchange the funds collected on-chain into overseas fiat currency through compliant financial institutions, and then into RMB through qualified overseas limited partners before injecting it into the domestic project company; a binding subunit, used to bind and store the bank transaction information of the injected funds with the transaction hash of the on-chain fund collection on the domestic asset chain; and a comparison subunit, used when the physical asset generates operating income. At that time, the operating cash flow information generated by the physical assets is cross-compared and verified with the operating revenue data generated based on IoT data obtained through the compliant data channel to confirm the distributable profit; the second exchange sub-unit is used to exchange the verified distributable profit into overseas fiat currency through the qualified overseas limited partner channel and then transfer it to the overseas SPV. The overseas SPV then exchanges the overseas fiat currency into dividend-paying digital assets and injects them into the overseas RWA chain; the dividend-paying sub-unit is used to automatically distribute the dividend-paying digital assets to the corresponding holder wallets according to the real-time holder snapshot and holding ratio of the shadow asset when the smart contract on the overseas RWA chain is triggered.

[0017] Optionally, the operation management unit includes: a generation subunit, used to generate real-time status summary information of the physical asset based on IoT data within the territory, the status summary information including at least asset health, location status, and online rate; a synchronization subunit, used to synchronize the status summary information to the overseas RWA chain through the asset twin bridge; a monitoring subunit, used for smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain to perform monitoring or automatic risk control decisions on the shadow asset based on the received status summary information; an encryption subunit, used to simultaneously de-identify and encrypt the original operation data generated by the physical asset within the territory, generating de-identified physical asset operation report ciphertext; and a transmission subunit, used to transmit the de-identified physical asset operation report ciphertext to an overseas international data space connector through the compliant data channel; wherein, the shadow asset serves as an access credential, used to authorize overseas investors to decrypt the de-identified asset operation report ciphertext from the international data space connector to obtain and view the de-identified asset operation report.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a method and system for cross-border supervision and data compliance for RWA (Remote Data Access) services. This method, through a privacy-focused computation and reporting mechanism via a "data channel," perfectly solves the biggest obstacle in RWA operations—data security when exported overseas—ensuring compliance with regulations such as the Data Security Law. Overseas investors no longer blindly trust the data channel and can "penetrate" to see the true operational status of the underlying assets. Domestic regulators can monitor asset status in real time and conduct real-time supervision of asset operations. The domestic asset chain acts as a firewall; even if the overseas RWA chain is hacked, the ownership of domestic physical assets remains protected by domestic law and the consortium blockchain, preventing illegal transfer. Through three chains, two bridges, and two channels, a closed-loop system is established, encompassing the entire lifecycle from asset registration, financing, operational monitoring to dividend distribution and exit, with corresponding data or fund records stored at each stage. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a cross-border regulatory and data compliance method for RWA provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cross-border regulatory and data compliance system for RWA provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0021] How can we ensure that domestic physical assets (such as charging piles and real estate) are invested in safely and compliantly by foreign investors, while simultaneously meeting the strict domestic regulations on data export and the transparent transaction requirements of foreign entities?

[0022] Traditional methods are either non-compliant or opaque, while this application, through its "three chains, two bridges, and two channels" framework, satisfies regulatory requirements and achieves transparent and credible investment.

[0023] (1) Three chains: Domestically, assets and data must be controlled; overseas, transactions must be free and transparent. After separation, they do not interfere with each other and each complies with regulations.

[0024] Domestic asset chain: managing the legal ownership and status of physical assets, which is only open to regulatory agencies.

[0025] Overseas RWA Chain: Issuing and trading "digital shares" (tokens) representing physical assets, targeting overseas investors.

[0026] Public blockchains (such as Ethereum): Introduce more DeFi funds and increase liquidity.

[0027] (2) Two bridges: Asset Twin Bridge: Connects domestic asset chains ↔ Overseas RWA Chain: Synchronizes asset "status": such as whether the charging pile is online, what the returns are, and whether it has been mortgaged.

[0028] Asset cross-chain bridge: Connecting overseas RWA chains ↔ public chains: Mapping "stocks" on the RWA chain to public chains such as Ethereum, bringing in more funds.

[0029] (3) Two channels: Asset Channel: On-chain channel. It only transmits core ownership status, transaction instructions, and data fingerprints (Hash). The data volume is small, focusing on "ownership confirmation" and "liquidation".

[0030] Data Channels: Off-chain / Sidechain Channels. Transmits massive amounts of raw IoT data and legal and financial documents. Built-in "Privacy Computing" and "Cross-border Compliance Gateway," focusing on "Verification" and "Auditing."

[0031] The data is not directly uploaded to the blockchain, but is transmitted encrypted through a "data channel". Only data that has been compliantly de-identified can be shown to overseas investors.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a cross-border regulatory and data compliance method for RWA provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: S1. On the domestic asset chain, generate a unique digital twin for physical assets that is controlled by multiple parties; Specifically, a legally recognized and jointly regulated "digital clone" of physical assets is created on the domestic asset chain. This clone must have a unique and unforgeable physical root, and control must not be monopolized by any single party.

[0033] In one optional implementation, the digital twin includes: physical anchoring elements, digital identity elements, legal ownership elements, and control elements; The physical anchoring element is an asset fingerprint generated by collecting non-volatile physical characteristic information of physical assets through Internet of Things devices. The digital identity element is a distributed identity identifier for the physical asset generated based on the asset fingerprint; The legal ownership element is a verifiable certificate of ownership of a physical asset that is bound to the distributed identity and signed by at least one authoritative institution. The control element is configured through smart contracts deployed on the domestic asset chain, which set the control of the distributed identity identifier in a multi-party control mode jointly held by project nodes, regulatory nodes, and custodian nodes.

[0034] Assumptions: The project company, "Huaxia Charging Technology Co., Ltd.," owns and operates 1000 DC fast charging piles distributed nationwide. An IoT monitoring module is installed on each charging pile. Taking one charging pile (e.g., numbered CP-001) as an example, its device serial number (SN: CP2023-001), GPS coordinates of its installation location (39.9042°N, 116.4074°E), rated power (120kW), and other static non-volatile physical characteristics are collected. This information is concatenated into the string: "CP2023-001|39.9042,116.4074|120kW". The hash value is calculated using the SHA-256 algorithm to obtain the unique fingerprint of this physical asset. =0x8a3f9b2e....

[0035] Next, generate a DID (Real-Way Interface) compliant with W3C standards for this physical asset: RWA: DID indicates that this is a distributed identity. RWA indicates the method to which this identity belongs (here referring to the RWA domain). This refers to the asset fingerprint generated in the previous step. .

[0036] The "DID document" corresponding to this DID is a structured data stored on the domestic asset blockchain, containing: (1) Public key: used to verify the signature of the operation on the identity (for example, the corresponding private key signature is required when transferring ownership).

[0037] (2) Service endpoint: refers to the service related to the asset, such as the API address for querying real-time data or the storage address for legal documents.

[0038] (3) Related legal attributes: such as asset type, country of origin and other metadata.

[0039] For example, the digital ID of the CP-001 charging pile is: did:rwa:0x8a3f9b...; its DID document states: "Public key: 0x1234..., data service address: https: / / api.assets.com / cp / 0x8a3f9b..., asset type: electric vehicle charging pile, jurisdiction: China."

[0040] The project company prepared legal documents such as the "Certificate of Ownership," "Purchase Contract," and "Acceptance Report" for the CP-001 charging pile. These documents were digitally signed by an authoritative institution to form "Verifiable Certificates" (VCs).

[0041] Property ownership certificate: may be signed by the real estate registration center or an authoritative auditing firm.

[0042] Compliance certificate: signed by regulatory agencies such as energy and quality inspection authorities.

[0043] These signed VCs are "written" or "associated" with the aforementioned DID document. From then on, the distributed identity identifiers on the domestic asset chain are no longer empty code, but entities carrying a stack of legally valid "digital attachments".

[0044] Deploy a "multi-party control management smart contract" on the domestic asset blockchain. Configure control rules for this distributed identity (DID): any operation that modifies its ownership status or authorizes cross-border mapping must obtain the signatures of at least two designated private key shards. These three private key shards are managed by the following three parties: Project company: The operator of the assets, who knows the assets best.

[0045] Regulatory agencies (such as the Financial Affairs Office and the China Securities Regulatory Commission): represent the public interest and have supervisory responsibilities.

[0046] Custodian banks: represent the safety of funds and financial order.

[0047] At this point, the digital twin (DT-ID-001) of the charging pile CP-001 has been created. It integrates physical fingerprint, digital identity, and legal credentials, and is jointly managed by three parties.

[0048] The digital twin no longer represents a simple charging pile number, but a digital asset entity protected by the domestic legal framework, with clear ownership and under continuous and penetrating supervision.

[0049] Repeat the above process for 1,000 charging piles to complete the on-chaining of all assets.

[0050] S2. When an overseas asset management institution initiates a cross-border asset mapping request to the asset twin bridge, the asset twin bridge locks the digital twin and, at the same time, completes the compliance verification of the original operating data of the physical asset for export through the compliance data channel, it casts a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin on the overseas RWA chain. Specifically, the main purpose of this step is to transform a "domestically regulated digital twin (DT-ID)" into a "shadow asset (Token) that can be freely traded overseas." Crucially, this transformation process must simultaneously meet the following requirements: verifiable asset status (responsible for the asset channel) and legal data export (responsible for the data channel).

[0051] In an optional implementation, S2 includes: S21. When an overseas asset management institution initiates a cross-border asset mapping request to the asset twin bridge, the asset twin bridge locks the digital twin on the domestic asset chain and generates an asset locking certificate. Package 1,000 digital twins and issue corresponding revenue rights tokens overseas.

[0052] Specifically, a special purpose vehicle (SPV) (asset management institution) outside the territory initiates an "asset cross-border mapping request" to the asset twin bridge. The request package includes: a list of 1,000 DT-IDs, the proposed token name ("GCF-Charge-001"), the total supply (100 million tokens), and the percentage of revenue rights represented by each token (corresponding to one ten-thousandth of the total package revenue rights).

[0053] The asset twin bridge forwards the request to the "multi-party control management contract" on the domestic asset chain. The contract requires the "locking" of DT-IDs in the list. The project company node and the custodian bank node sign and authorize respectively. After successful locking, the status of each DT-ID changes to "locked, awaiting mapping". A locking transaction is generated on the domestic asset chain, and its hash value is returned to the asset twin bridge as proof of asset locking.

[0054] S22. Within the trusted data space within the territory, perform privacy-preserving computation processing on the original operational data generated by the physical assets to generate compliant data results that can be disclosed overseas; submit the compliant data results to the domestic regulatory system for automated overseas filing through the cross-border compliance gateway; once the filing is approved, the compliance oracle generates a compliance signature and sends it to the asset twin bridge; This step resolves the contradiction of "data not leaving the country means a lack of trust overseas; data leaving the country is illegal." In other words, raw operational data (sensitive) cannot be directly exported; it needs to be processed into "verifiable but privacy-protected" information within a secure domestic environment.

[0055] Specifically, the project company's operational data for the past year (after anonymization) is imported into a "trusted data space." Within this space, a zero-knowledge proof (ZK) circuit is run to generate a proof, Proof_HistoricalProfit, which verifies the assertion that "the annual total revenue of these 1,000 charging piles exceeds 50 million RMB" without revealing any specific data for a single unit or month.

[0056] The cross-border compliance gateway service automatically generates standard application materials, including Proof_HistoricalProfit, purpose of data export (disclosure of overseas financing information), and recipient (SPV information), and submits them to the "Data Export Security Management Service Platform" of the data cross-border regulatory department via API, and obtains the filing number: CBA-2023-123456.

[0057] The compliance oracle service (run by a trusted third party) monitors the status of the filing number as "approved", and then uses its private key to sign the message "Asset Batch DID List, Filing Number: CBA-2023-123456, Status: Approved", generating a compliance signature and sending it to the asset twin bridge.

[0058] S23. The asset twin bridge verifies the asset lock proof and the compliance signature, and only when both are verified successfully, a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin is minted on the overseas RWA chain.

[0059] The asset twin bridge currently holds the asset lock-up certificate and the aforementioned compliance signature. The asset twin bridge first verifies the authenticity and validity of the transaction corresponding to the asset lock-up certificate on the domestic asset blockchain (confirming that the asset is locked). The asset twin bridge then verifies whether the compliance signature was issued by a registered "compliance oracle" address.

[0060] Once both verifications pass, the asset twin bridge invokes the "RWA Token Factory Contract" pre-deployed on the overseas RWA chain, passing in the issuance parameters. This contract then mints 100 million "GCF-Charge-001" tokens and initially distributes them to the SPV's wallet address. These tokens are the shadow assets of the domestic charging pile assets.

[0061] S3. Overseas investors subscribe to the shadow assets on the public chain or the overseas RWA chain. The funds raised are introduced into the country through the qualified overseas limited partner channel and are atomically associated with the on-chain minting record of the funds. When the physical assets generate operating income, the distributable profits of the physical asset operation are synchronized to the overseas RWA chain through the qualified overseas limited partner channel to drive the smart contract on the overseas RWA chain to execute automated dividend distribution to overseas investors. This step completes the full value cycle from overseas financing to domestic investment, and the automated distribution of profits.

[0062] In an optional implementation, S3 includes: S3 includes: S31. Overseas investors use subscription digital assets on public chains or overseas RWA chains to subscribe for the shadow assets, and the funds are automatically raised and collected into a multi-signature wallet controlled by an overseas SPV through on-chain smart contracts. Specifically, overseas investors subscribe to charging pile tokens on public blockchains or overseas RWA chains using stablecoins (such as USDT / USDC) or the public blockchain's native tokens (such as ETH). The funds raised are automatically transferred to a multi-signature wallet controlled by an overseas SPV via an on-chain smart contract. Assume the total amount raised is 8 million USDC.

[0063] S32. The overseas SPV converts the funds collected on the chain into overseas fiat currency through compliant financial institutions, and then converts them into RMB through qualified overseas limited partners before injecting them into the domestic project company. The SPV converted USDC into approximately USD 8 million through DBS Bank. As a limited partner, the SPV injected the USD 8 million into its QFLP fund established in Shanghai, China – “Global Charging QFLP Fund (Shanghai)”. Within the quota approved by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, the QFLP fund converted the USD 8 million into approximately RMB 57.6 million (exchange rate 7.2). The QFLP fund then transferred the RMB 57.6 million to the bank supervision account of “Huaxia Charging Technology Co., Ltd.” (bank: ICBC) for the purchase of 400 charging piles.

[0064] S33. On the domestic asset chain, the bank transaction information of the injected funds is bound and stored together with the transaction hash of the on-chain fund collection. Specifically, the "funds-anchored notarization contract" on the domestic asset blockchain was triggered. The project company submitted the following parameters: associated project ID, on-chain aggregation transaction hash (the hash of the 8 million USDC aggregated Tx), bank transaction number (ICBC: 202311050001), and amount (57,600,000 CNY). The contract permanently recorded this information on the blockchain and linked it to the digital twin of the 400 purchased charging piles, proving that the financing funds had been specifically used for the specific assets (400 charging piles).

[0065] In the event of a dispute in the future, this certificate will serve as irrefutable evidence, proving that the investors' money was indeed used where it was intended, thus providing tangible support for the "Token value".

[0066] S34. When physical assets generate operating revenue, the operating cash flow information generated by the physical assets is cross-compared and verified with the operating revenue data generated based on IoT data obtained through the compliant data channel to confirm the distributable profit. Specifically, the monthly revenue from charging piles is deposited into an ICBC escrow account. Let's assume the revenue for November is 5 million RMB. Simultaneously, IoT data from all charging piles is aggregated in real time, acquired through data channels, and used domestically to calculate theoretical revenue based on actual charging orders (e.g., 5.02 million RMB). The project company (or automated program) submits the hash H_bank of the bank's "Monthly Funds Supervision Report" (proving the 5 million RMB has been received) and the hash H_iot of the IoT revenue data to the domestic asset blockchain.

[0067] The on-chain "revenue verification contract" can require the project team to provide a zero-knowledge proof that the distributable profits calculated from the data represented by H_bank and H_iot after deducting operating costs and taxes are consistent (for example, both are 3 million yuan). This ensures that "the accounts match the actual situation".

[0068] S35. The verified distributable profits are converted into foreign fiat currency through qualified foreign limited partners and then transferred to the foreign SPV. The foreign SPV converts the foreign fiat currency into digital assets for dividend distribution and injects them into the foreign RWA chain. Upon verification, the distributable profit for this month is RMB 3 million. The project company applied to convert the RMB 3 million into approximately USD 416,700 through the QFLP channel and transferred it to the USD account of the overseas SPV. The SPV then converted the USD 416,700 into an equivalent amount of USDT through DBS Bank. The SPV then transferred the USD 416,700 to the "GCF Dividend Pool Smart Contract" on the overseas RWA blockchain.

[0069] S36. The smart contract on the overseas RWA chain is triggered, and the dividend digital assets are automatically allocated to the corresponding holder's wallet according to the real-time snapshot of the shadow asset holder and the holding ratio.

[0070] Specifically, the "GCF Dividend Pool Smart Contract" was triggered by a USDT injection event. The contract immediately took a snapshot of all addresses holding the "GCF-Charge-001" token. Assuming that overseas investor Alice holds 1 million tokens (1% of the total supply), the contract automatically calculated her due dividend: 416,700 USDT. 1% = 4,167 USDT.

[0071] In a single atomic transaction, the contract transferred 4,167 USDT from the pool to Alice's wallet address. The entire process was completed within minutes, and all records were publicly verifiable on the RWA blockchain outside of mainland China.

[0072] S4. During the existence of the physical assets, the status summary information of the physical assets will be synchronized to the overseas RWA chain for overseas investors and smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain to monitor and make decisions; at the same time, the de-identified physical asset operation report will be provided to overseas investors through the compliant data channel.

[0073] During the lifespan of physical assets, transparent monitoring is provided for overseas investors, and intelligent risk control is implemented.

[0074] In an optional implementation, S4 includes: S41. Generate a status summary information of the physical asset in real time based on IoT data within the territory. The status summary information includes at least the asset health, location status and online rate. Each charging station's IoT device reports its status every 5 minutes: online / offline, current power, fault code, etc. The domestic system summarizes and generates a status summary every hour, for example: {DT-ID-001: Online, Health: 92, Location: Normal, Cumulative charging this hour: 150kWh}.

[0075] S42. Synchronize the status summary information to the overseas RWA chain through the asset twin bridge; The asset twin bridge periodically synchronizes these summaries to the "Asset Status Management Contract" on the overseas RWA chain.

[0076] S43. The smart contract on the overseas RWA chain performs monitoring or automatic risk control decisions on the shadow asset based on the received state summary information. Foreign investors can view the overall online rate (e.g., 98.5%) and health status of the asset portfolio in real time.

[0077] If DT-ID-050 remains "offline" for 12 consecutive hours, the asset status management contract will automatically send an instruction to the "trading pair contract" to suspend trading of the tokens corresponding to DT-ID-050 (0.1% of the total supply) on a decentralized exchange (DEX) until the status is restored.

[0078] S44. Simultaneously, the original operational data generated by the physical assets within the territory is desensitized and encrypted to generate desensitized physical asset operation report ciphertext. For example, the current charging station (CP-001) has generated 1,000 original charging records. Each record includes: time, user's license plate (which can be linked to an individual), charging amount, amount, and payment method.

[0079] The 1,000 original charging records generated by the current charging station will be anonymized; the anonymization involves removing or replacing all personal identifiers. For example, "user license plate" will be replaced with "user A"; or the payment method will be obscured as "online payment".

[0080] Aggregate 1000 detailed records into a single report according to pre-defined compliance rules. For example: The following are not permitted forms of exit: daily transaction records.

[0081] Permitted exit procedures (approved by a compliance gateway): Date: October 27, 2023; Total charging volume: 5000 kWh; Total revenue: 10,000 yuan; Number of orders: 1000; Average price per kWh: 2 yuan / kWh Or, to be more conservative: revenue increased by 5% week-over-week, and average equipment utilization was 65%.

[0082] The de-identified and aggregated physical asset operation report, which includes all charging piles, is encrypted using a high-strength encryption algorithm to generate the ciphertext Ciphertext_DailyReport.

[0083] S45. Transmit the anonymized physical asset operation report encrypted text to the international data space connector overseas through the compliant data channel; The shadow asset serves as an access credential, authorizing overseas investors to decrypt the anonymized asset operation report ciphertext from the international data space connector to view the anonymized asset operation report.

[0084] The encrypted data is transmitted through a continuously compliant data channel to “International Data Space Connector” (an ISO 27001 compliant data hosting service) located in Singapore.

[0085] Investors holding the "GCF-Charge-001" token sign their access request using their wallet's private key. After the connector verifies the signature (confirming the token holder's identity), it returns the corresponding key decryption data. Overseas investors can then download and view the "Detailed Monthly Operation Report of Charging Stations," including in-depth data such as utilization rates and revenue curves for different time periods.

[0086] Furthermore, the investor community discovered that the average utilization rate of charging stations in East China was low. They initiated a governance proposal on the Polygon blockchain: "It is recommended to change the operation and maintenance service provider in East China from Company A to Company B." The proposal received enough token votes to pass. The governance resolution formed a structured instruction and was sent to the asset twin bridge.

[0087] The asset twin bridge synchronizes instructions back to the domestic asset blockchain. The on-chain regulatory node's smart contract automatically checks whether Company B possesses the necessary qualifications to operate charging facilities in China (by checking the on-chain trusted whitelist). Simultaneously, the financial regulatory bureau node conducts a final manual review. Upon approval, both the regulatory node and the project company node jointly sign the document, executing the instruction. The "Operator" field of the corresponding DT-ID on the domestic asset blockchain is updated, and a legally binding "Operator Change Notice" is generated, leading to adjustments in offline operations.

[0088] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cross-border regulatory and data compliance system for RWA provided in an embodiment of the present invention; as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the system includes: Generation unit 201 is used to generate a unique digital twin of physical assets controlled by multiple parties on the domestic asset chain; The casting unit 202 is used to cast a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin on the overseas RWA chain when an overseas asset management institution initiates an asset cross-border mapping request to the asset twin bridge. At the same time, when the original operating data of the physical asset is verified for compliance when leaving the country through the compliance data channel, the asset twin bridge locks the digital twin. Investment return unit 203 is used for overseas investors to subscribe to the shadow assets on the public chain or the overseas RWA chain. The funds raised are introduced into the country through the qualified overseas limited partner channel and are atomically associated with the on-chain minting record of the funds. When the physical assets generate operating income, the distributable profits of the physical asset operation are synchronized to the overseas RWA chain through the qualified overseas limited partner channel to drive the smart contract on the overseas RWA chain to execute automated dividend distribution to overseas investors. The operation management unit 204 is used to synchronize the status summary information of the physical assets to the overseas RWA chain during the existence of the physical assets, so that overseas investors and smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain can monitor and make decisions; at the same time, it provides de-identified physical asset operation reports to overseas investors through the compliant data channel.

[0089] In one optional implementation, the digital twin includes: physical anchoring elements, digital identity elements, legal ownership elements, and control elements; The physical anchoring element is an asset fingerprint generated by collecting non-volatile physical characteristic information of physical assets through Internet of Things devices. The digital identity element is a distributed identity identifier for the physical asset generated based on the asset fingerprint; The legal ownership element is a verifiable certificate of ownership of a physical asset that is bound to the distributed identity and signed by at least one authoritative institution. The control element is configured through smart contracts deployed on the domestic asset chain, which set the control of the distributed identity identifier in a multi-party control mode jointly held by project nodes, regulatory nodes, and custodian nodes.

[0090] In an optional implementation, the casting unit 202 includes: The asset lock-up certificate generation subunit is used to lock the digital twin on the domestic asset chain and generate an asset lock-up certificate when an overseas asset management institution initiates a cross-border asset mapping request to the asset twin bridge. The compliance signature generation subunit is used to perform privacy-preserving computation processing on the original operational data generated by the physical assets within a trusted domestic data space, generating compliance data results that can be disclosed overseas; the compliance data results are submitted to the domestic regulatory system for automated overseas filing through a cross-border compliance gateway; once the filing is approved, the compliance oracle generates a compliance signature and sends it to the asset twin bridge; The shadow asset casting subunit is used by the asset twin bridge to verify the asset lock proof and the compliance signature. Only when both are verified successfully, a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin is cast on the overseas RWA chain.

[0091] In an optional implementation, the return on investment unit 203 includes: The aggregation sub-unit is used by overseas investors to subscribe for the shadow assets on public chains or overseas RWA chains using subscription digital assets, and automatically raises funds through on-chain smart contracts and aggregates them into a multi-signature wallet controlled by an overseas SPV. The first exchange sub-unit is used by overseas SPVs to exchange funds collected on-chain into overseas fiat currency through compliant financial institutions, and then into RMB through qualified overseas limited partners before injecting them into the domestic project company. The binding sub-unit is used to bind and store the bank transaction information of injected funds with the transaction hash of on-chain fund aggregation on the domestic asset chain. The comparison subunit is used to cross-compare and verify the operating cash flow information generated by the physical assets with the operating revenue data generated based on IoT data obtained through the compliant data channel when the physical assets generate operating revenue, so as to confirm the distributable profit. The second exchange subunit is used to exchange the verified distributable profits into overseas fiat currency through qualified overseas limited partners and then transfer them to the overseas SPV. The overseas SPV then exchanges the overseas fiat currency into dividend-paying digital assets and injects them into the overseas RWA chain. The dividend sub-unit is used to automatically distribute the dividend digital assets to the corresponding holder's wallet based on the real-time snapshot of the shadow asset holder and the holding ratio when the smart contract on the overseas RWA chain is triggered.

[0092] In an optional implementation, the operations management unit 204 includes: A generation subunit is used to generate real-time status summary information of the physical assets based on IoT data within the territory. The status summary information includes at least asset health, location status, and online rate. The synchronization subunit is used to synchronize the state summary information to the overseas RWA chain through the asset twin bridge; The monitoring subunit is used by the smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain to perform monitoring or automatic risk control decisions on the shadow assets based on the received state summary information. The encryption subunit is used to simultaneously desensitize and encrypt the original operational data generated by the physical assets within the territory, and generate desensitized physical asset operation report ciphertext. The transmission subunit is used to transmit the de-identified encrypted physical asset operation report to an international data space connector overseas through the compliant data channel. The shadow asset serves as an access credential, authorizing overseas investors to decrypt the anonymized asset operation report ciphertext from the international data space connector to view the anonymized asset operation report.

[0093] The system of the present invention corresponds to the method described above, and the specific implementation of the system will not be repeated here.

[0094] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a method and system for cross-border supervision and data compliance for RWA (Remote Data Access). This method, through a privacy-focused computation and reporting mechanism via a "data channel," perfectly solves the biggest obstacle in RWA operations—data security when leaving the country—ensuring compliance with regulations such as the Data Security Law. Overseas investors no longer blindly trust the data channel and can "penetrate" to see the true operational status of the underlying assets. Domestic regulators can monitor asset status in real time, preventing the loss of state-owned assets. The domestic asset chain acts as a firewall; even if the overseas RWA chain is hacked, the ownership of domestic physical assets remains protected by domestic law and the consortium blockchain, preventing illegal transfer. Through three chains and two bridges, a closed-loop system is established, encompassing the entire lifecycle from asset registration, financing, operational monitoring to dividend distribution and exit, with corresponding data or fund records at each stage.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cross-border regulatory and data compliance approach for RWA, characterized in that, include: S1. On the domestic asset chain, generate a unique digital twin for physical assets that is controlled by multiple parties; S2. When an overseas asset management institution initiates a cross-border asset mapping request to the asset twin bridge, the asset twin bridge locks the digital twin and, at the same time, completes the compliance verification of the original operating data of the physical asset for export through the compliance data channel, it casts a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin on the overseas RWA chain. S3. Overseas investors subscribe to the shadow assets on a public chain or an overseas RWA chain, and the funds raised are introduced into China through the qualified overseas limited partner channel and atomically associated with the on-chain minting record of the funds. When physical assets generate operating income, the distributable profits from the operation of physical assets are synchronized to the overseas RWA chain through the qualified foreign limited partner channel, so as to drive the smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain to execute automated dividends to overseas investors. S4. During the existence of the physical assets, the status summary information of the physical assets will be synchronized to the overseas RWA chain for overseas investors and smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain to monitor and make decisions; at the same time, the de-identified physical asset operation report will be provided to overseas investors through the compliant data channel.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital twin includes: physical anchoring elements, digital identity elements, legal ownership elements, and control elements; The physical anchoring element is an asset fingerprint generated by collecting non-volatile physical characteristic information of physical assets through Internet of Things devices. The digital identity element is a distributed identity identifier for the physical asset generated based on the asset fingerprint; The legal ownership element is a verifiable certificate of ownership of a physical asset that is bound to the distributed identity and signed by at least one authoritative institution. The control element is configured through smart contracts deployed on the domestic asset chain, which set the control of the distributed identity identifier in a multi-party control mode jointly held by project nodes, regulatory nodes, and custodian nodes.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S2 includes: When an overseas asset management institution initiates a cross-border asset mapping request to the asset twin bridge, the asset twin bridge locks the digital twin on the domestic asset chain and generates an asset locking certificate. Within the trusted data space within the territory, the original operational data generated by the physical assets is processed for privacy, generating compliant data results that can be disclosed overseas; the compliant data results are submitted to the domestic regulatory system for automated overseas filing through the cross-border compliance gateway; once the filing is approved, the compliance oracle generates a compliance signature and sends it to the asset twin bridge; The asset twin bridge verifies the asset lock proof and the compliance signature, and only when both are verified successfully does it mint a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin on the overseas RWA chain.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S3 includes: Overseas investors use subscription digital assets on public chains or overseas RWA chains to subscribe for the shadow assets, and the funds are automatically raised and collected into a multi-signature wallet controlled by an overseas SPV through on-chain smart contracts; The offshore SPV converts the funds collected on-chain into offshore fiat currency through compliant financial institutions, and then converts them into RMB through qualified offshore limited partners before injecting them into the domestic project company. On the domestic asset chain, the bank transaction information of the injected funds is bound and stored together with the transaction hash of the on-chain fund collection. When physical assets generate operating revenue, the operating cash flow information generated by the physical assets is cross-compared and verified with the operating revenue data generated based on IoT data obtained through the compliant data channel to confirm the distributable profit. The verified distributable profits are converted into offshore fiat currency through qualified offshore limited partners and then transferred to an offshore SPV. The offshore SPV converts the offshore fiat currency into digital assets for dividend distribution and injects them into the offshore RWA chain. When the smart contract on the overseas RWA chain is triggered, the dividend digital assets are automatically distributed to the corresponding holder's wallet based on the real-time snapshot of the shadow asset holders and their holding ratios.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S4 includes: Within the territory, a status summary information of the physical assets is generated in real time based on IoT data. The status summary information includes at least the asset health, location status, and online rate. The status summary information is synchronized to the overseas RWA chain via the asset twin bridge. The smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain execute monitoring or automatic risk control decisions on the shadow assets based on the received state summary information. Meanwhile, the original operational data generated by the physical assets within the territory are desensitized and encrypted to generate desensitized encrypted reports of physical asset operations. The anonymized physical asset operation report encrypted text is transmitted to an international data space connector overseas through the compliant data channel; The shadow asset serves as an access credential, authorizing overseas investors to decrypt the anonymized asset operation report ciphertext from the international data space connector to view the anonymized asset operation report.

6. A cross-border regulatory and data compliance system for RWA, characterized in that, include: The generation unit is used to generate a unique digital twin of a physical asset controlled by multiple parties on the domestic asset chain. The casting unit is used to cast a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin on the overseas RWA chain when an overseas asset management institution initiates a cross-border asset mapping request to the asset twin bridge. At the same time, when the original operating data of the physical asset is verified for compliance when leaving the country through the compliance data channel, the asset twin bridge locks the digital twin. The investment return unit is used for overseas investors to subscribe to the shadow assets on public chains or overseas RWA chains. The funds raised are introduced into China through qualified overseas limited partners and are atomically associated with the on-chain minting record of the funds. When physical assets generate operating income, the distributable profits from the operation of physical assets are synchronized to the overseas RWA chain through the qualified foreign limited partner channel, so as to drive the smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain to execute automated dividends to overseas investors. The operation and management unit is used to synchronize the status summary information of the physical assets to the overseas RWA chain during the existence of the physical assets, so that overseas investors and smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain can monitor and make decisions; at the same time, it provides de-identified physical asset operation reports to overseas investors through the compliant data channel.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The digital twin includes: physical anchoring elements, digital identity elements, legal ownership elements, and control elements; The physical anchoring element is an asset fingerprint generated by collecting non-volatile physical characteristic information of physical assets through Internet of Things devices. The digital identity element is a distributed identity identifier for the physical asset generated based on the asset fingerprint; The legal ownership element is a verifiable certificate of ownership of a physical asset that is bound to the distributed identity and signed by at least one authoritative institution. The control element is configured through smart contracts deployed on the domestic asset chain, which set the control of the distributed identity identifier in a multi-party control mode jointly held by project nodes, regulatory nodes, and custodian nodes.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The casting unit includes: The asset lock-up certificate generation subunit is used to lock the digital twin on the domestic asset chain and generate an asset lock-up certificate when an overseas asset management institution initiates a cross-border asset mapping request to the asset twin bridge. The compliance signature generation subunit is used to perform privacy-preserving computation processing on the original operational data generated by the physical assets within a trusted domestic data space, generating compliance data results that can be disclosed overseas; the compliance data results are submitted to the domestic regulatory system for automated overseas filing through a cross-border compliance gateway; once the filing is approved, the compliance oracle generates a compliance signature and sends it to the asset twin bridge; The shadow asset casting subunit is used by the asset twin bridge to verify the asset lock proof and the compliance signature. Only when both are verified successfully, a shadow asset corresponding to the digital twin is cast on the overseas RWA chain.

9. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The investment return unit includes: The aggregation sub-unit is used by overseas investors to subscribe for the shadow assets on public chains or overseas RWA chains using subscription digital assets, and automatically raises funds through on-chain smart contracts and aggregates them into a multi-signature wallet controlled by an overseas SPV. The first exchange sub-unit is used by overseas SPVs to exchange funds collected on-chain into overseas fiat currency through compliant financial institutions, and then into RMB through qualified overseas limited partners before injecting them into the domestic project company. The binding sub-unit is used to bind and store the bank transaction information of injected funds with the transaction hash of on-chain fund aggregation on the domestic asset chain. The comparison subunit is used to cross-compare and verify the operating cash flow information generated by the physical assets with the operating revenue data generated based on IoT data obtained through the compliant data channel when the physical assets generate operating revenue, so as to confirm the distributable profit. The second exchange subunit is used to exchange the verified distributable profits into overseas fiat currency through qualified overseas limited partners and then transfer them to the overseas SPV. The overseas SPV then exchanges the overseas fiat currency into dividend-paying digital assets and injects them into the overseas RWA chain. The dividend sub-unit is used to automatically distribute the dividend digital assets to the corresponding holder's wallet based on the real-time snapshot of the shadow asset holder and the holding ratio when the smart contract on the overseas RWA chain is triggered.

10. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The operation management unit includes: A generation subunit is used to generate real-time status summary information of the physical assets based on IoT data within the territory. The status summary information includes at least asset health, location status, and online rate. The synchronization subunit is used to synchronize the state summary information to the overseas RWA chain through the asset twin bridge; The monitoring subunit is used by the smart contracts on the overseas RWA chain to perform monitoring or automatic risk control decisions on the shadow assets based on the received state summary information. The encryption subunit is used to simultaneously desensitize and encrypt the original operational data generated by the physical assets within the territory, and generate desensitized physical asset operation report ciphertext. The transmission subunit is used to transmit the de-identified encrypted physical asset operation report to an international data space connector overseas through the compliant data channel. The shadow asset serves as an access credential, authorizing overseas investors to decrypt the anonymized asset operation report ciphertext from the international data space connector to view the anonymized asset operation report.

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