Classification of vertical relationship between maxillary premolar and maxillary sinus

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a method for classifying the vertical position relationship between maxillary premolars and maxillary sinus. The method for classifying the vertical position relationship between maxillary premolars and maxillary sinus comprises: obtaining three-dimensional image data containing the maxillary premolar region and its adjacent maxillary sinus; determining the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the bottom wall of the maxillary sinus based on the three-dimensional image data; determining the target type of the root apex of each maxillary premolar according to the final vertical distance. Thus, by unifying the measurement standard and optimizing the classification logic, the accurate differentiation of high-risk types and the reasonable merging of low-risk types are realized, providing more reliable and more valuable reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of oral medical diagnostic technology, and in particular to a classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus. It is applicable to scenarios such as diagnosis of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, evaluation of pulpitis / periodontal disease treatment, prediction of orthodontic complications, and planning of related surgical procedures such as periapical surgery and maxillary sinus lift. Background Technology

[0002] The maxillary sinus is located above the maxillary posterior teeth. In approximately half of the population, the maxillary sinus extends to the alveolar process, and the location of its sinus floor changes with age. A thorough understanding of the relationship between the apex of the maxillary posterior teeth and the maxillary sinus is extremely valuable in diagnosing odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, and is also helpful in assessing complications during pulpitis, periodontitis, or orthodontic treatment, and in developing surgical plans. Multiple studies have confirmed that the maxillary sinus can extend laterally to above the first premolar or even further, highlighting the potential close relationship between the premolars and the floor of the maxillary sinus.

[0003] Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an effective diagnostic technique that provides high-quality three-dimensional images and reliably measures the distance between the target and adjacent anatomical structures. It has been widely used to observe and measure the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary posterior teeth and the maxillary sinus.

[0004] Currently, there is no unified classification scheme for the vertical positional relationship between the root apex of the maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus. Existing technologies have several classification methods: one is a three-part classification, including Os type (root apex is outside the floor of the maxillary sinus), Co type (root apex is in contact with the floor of the maxillary sinus), and Is type (root apex is inside the floor of the maxillary sinus); another three-part classification is the distant type (distance between the root apex and the floor of the maxillary sinus > 2 mm), the close type (distance between the root apex and the floor of the maxillary sinus < 2 mm on radiographs, and the boundary between the dura mater of the root and the cortical bone of the floor of the maxillary sinus is not fused), and the contact type (the boundary between the dura mater of the root apex and the cortical bone of the floor of the maxillary sinus is fused on radiographs); some scholars have also adopted a four-part risk classification, namely "Type 0" (distance is 0 mm, high risk group), "Type 1" (0-2 mm, risk group), "Type 2" (2-4 mm, low risk group), "Type 3" and "Type 4" (4-6 mm and > 6 mm, no risk group).

[0005] The existing vertical position relationship classification scheme has significant shortcomings and cannot meet the needs of precise clinical diagnosis and treatment. Specifically, it is manifested in the following ways: (1) The classification logic is unreasonable and out of touch with actual clinical needs: The existing classification has problems such as overly detailed classification or classification standards that do not conform to the logic of clinical risk assessment. For example, some four-class classifications subdivide 2-4mm, 4-6mm, etc. into different risk groups. However, in clinical practice, when the distance between the root apex and the floor of the maxillary sinus is greater than 2mm, the surgical area often does not involve the maxillary sinus, and the oral cavity-maxillary sinus communication risk is low, so there is no need to make too many subdivisions. For medium and high risk areas with a distance ≤2mm, some existing classifications do not make accurate distinctions, resulting in insufficient risk prediction. (2) The high-risk type is not clearly distinguished and has limited clinical guidance value: The existing classification does not give full attention to the special characteristics of the high-risk state of "root apex extending into the sinus floor" and does not distinguish it as an independent key classification. Instead, it is simply classified with other types. However, in clinical practice, the root of the tooth extending into the sinus floor has the highest risk of complications and the greatest surgical difficulty during the operation. It needs to be clearly marked separately to remind the operator to be vigilant. The existing classification cannot meet this core clinical need. (3) The measurement standards are not uniform and the classification results are unreliable: The existing technology has not formed a unified standard for the measurement angle and measurement method of vertical distance. Some schemes do not specify the selection of measurement view, nor do they explain the measurement and recording method of double-rooted teeth. This leads to differences in the measurement results of different operators, which affects the consistency and reliability of the classification and is not conducive to clinical promotion and application. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus.

[0007] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, including: Acquire three-dimensional image data containing the maxillary premolar region and its adjacent maxillary sinus; Based on the three-dimensional image data, the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor wall of the maxillary sinus is determined. The target type of the root apex of each maxillary premolar is determined based on the final vertical distance.

[0008] Secondly, this disclosure provides a classification device for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire three-dimensional image data containing the maxillary premolar region and its adjacent maxillary sinus. The first determining module is used to determine the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor wall of the maxillary sinus based on the three-dimensional image data. The second determining module is used to determine the target type of the root apex of each maxillary premolar based on the final vertical distance.

[0009] Thirdly, this disclosure provides a classification device for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, comprising: processor; Memory, used to store executable instructions; The processor is used to read executable instructions from memory and execute the executable instructions to implement the classification method of the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus in the first aspect.

[0010] Fourthly, this disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement the classification method of the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus in the first aspect.

[0011] The technical solution provided in this disclosure has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolars and the maxillary sinus, as disclosed in this embodiment, acquires three-dimensional image data including the maxillary premolar region and its adjacent maxillary sinus. Then, based on the three-dimensional image data, it determines the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus. Finally, it determines the target type of the root apex of each maxillary premolar based on the final vertical distance. Thus, by unifying measurement standards and optimizing classification logic, it achieves accurate differentiation of high-risk types and reasonable merging of low-risk types, providing a more reliable and valuable reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and the originals and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0013] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a sagittal plane view provided for an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a coronal view provided for an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a classification device for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a classification device for determining the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, provided as an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0014] Embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While some embodiments of this disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of this disclosure. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings and embodiments of this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0015] It should be understood that the various steps described in the method implementation of this disclosure may be performed in different orders and / or in parallel. Furthermore, the method implementation may include additional steps and / or omit the steps shown. The scope of this disclosure is not limited in this respect.

[0016] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended inclusions, meaning "including but not limited to". The term "based on" means "at least partially based on". The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the description below.

[0017] It should be noted that the concepts of "first" and "second" mentioned in this disclosure are used only to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules or units or their interdependencies.

[0018] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0019] The names of messages or information exchanged between multiple devices in this disclosure are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of such messages or information.

[0020] To address the aforementioned problems, this disclosure provides a classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus. The following is in conjunction with… Figure 1-3 The classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus provided in the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail.

[0021] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, is shown.

[0022] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus can be performed by an electronic device. The electronic device may include, but is not limited to, devices such as computer equipment, cloud servers, or cloud server clusters.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus may include the following steps.

[0024] S110. Obtain three-dimensional image data containing the maxillary premolar region and its adjacent maxillary sinus.

[0025] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the electronic device can acquire three-dimensional image data including the maxillary premolar region and its adjacent maxillary sinus.

[0026] Specifically, the electronic device can use cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to scan the maxillary premolar region of the patient under observation, acquiring complete three-dimensional image data including all periapicals of the first premolar (P1) and second premolar (P2) and the maxillary sinus. Scanning parameters can be set as follows: tube voltage 90kV, tube current 10mA, scan time 20 seconds, slice thickness 0.2mm, ensuring image clarity meets measurement requirements. The acquired three-dimensional image data is stored in DICOM format and can be imported into three-dimensional reconstruction software for processing.

[0027] S120. Based on the three-dimensional image data, determine the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus.

[0028] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the electronic device can determine the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus based on the three-dimensional image data.

[0029] Specifically, after acquiring the three-dimensional image data, the view orientation is first adjusted so that the image is displayed along the long axis of the tooth to be tested. The final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus is determined by at least two views in different spatial orientations. For specific implementation methods, please refer to the following text.

[0030] S130. Determine the target type of the root apex of each maxillary premolar based on the final vertical distance.

[0031] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the electronic device can determine the target type of the root apex of each maxillary premolar based on the final vertical distance.

[0032] Specifically, the electronic device can classify the positional relationship between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus based on the final vertical distance, and determine the corresponding target type.

[0033] This allows for the acquisition of three-dimensional image data encompassing the maxillary premolar region and its adjacent maxillary sinus. Based on this three-dimensional image data, the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus is determined. Finally, the target type of the root apex of each maxillary premolar is determined according to this final vertical distance. Thus, by standardizing measurement criteria and optimizing classification logic, accurate differentiation of high-risk types and reasonable merging of low-risk types are achieved, providing a more reliable and valuable reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

[0034] Optionally, S120 may specifically include: determining a sagittal view and a coronal view along the long axis of the maxillary premolar based on the three-dimensional image data; measuring a first vertical distance and a second vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus using the sagittal view and the coronal view, respectively; and calculating the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus based on the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.

[0035] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the electronic device can determine a sagittal view and a coronal view along the long axis of the maxillary premolar based on the three-dimensional image data.

[0036] Specifically, after obtaining the three-dimensional image data, the view direction can be adjusted in the multi-plane reconstruction interface so that the image is displayed along the long axis of the maxillary premolar, thus determining the sagittal view and the coronal view.

[0037] Furthermore, the electronic device can measure the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus using the sagittal view and the coronal view, respectively.

[0038] Specifically, in the sagittal view along the long axis of the maxillary premolar, the shortest straight-line distance from the root apex of the maxillary premolar to the bony edge of the maxillary sinus floor is measured and recorded as the first vertical distance; in the coronal view along the long axis of the maxillary premolar, the shortest straight-line distance from the root apex of the maxillary premolar to the bony edge of the maxillary sinus floor is measured and recorded as the second vertical distance.

[0039] Furthermore, the electronic device can calculate the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus based on the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a sagittal plane view provided in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0041] like Figure 2As shown, in sagittal views A, B, and C, the electronic device can measure the shortest straight-line distance from the apex of the maxillary premolar root to the bony border of the maxillary sinus floor, obtaining the first vertical distance. For example, for each root apex to be measured, the electronic device can measure three times in the sagittal view and take the average as the first vertical distance.

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a coronal view provided in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, in coronal views A, B, and C, the electronic device can measure the shortest straight-line distance from the apex of the maxillary premolar root to the bony margin of the maxillary sinus floor, obtaining the second vertical distance. For example, for each root apex to be measured, the electronic device can measure three times in the coronal view and take the average as the second vertical distance.

[0044] Therefore, by combining the measurement results from both views, the stability and reliability of the measurement results are further improved. At the same time, the method of combining measurements from both views is clarified, the measurement standards are standardized, and differences in results caused by different operators' measurement habits are avoided, facilitating clinical application.

[0045] Optionally, calculating the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus based on the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance includes: calculating the average of the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance, and using the average as the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus.

[0046] Specifically, after obtaining the first vertical distance corresponding to the sagittal view and the second vertical distance corresponding to the coronal view, the average value of the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance can be calculated, and this average value can be used as the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus.

[0047] Optionally, S130 may specifically include: when the final vertical distance is greater than a preset threshold, determining the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar as a distal type; when the final vertical distance is greater than zero and less than or equal to the preset threshold, determining the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar as a mesial type; when the final vertical distance is equal to zero, determining the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar as a contact type; when the final vertical distance is less than zero, determining the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar as a sinus floor entry type.

[0048] In some embodiments of this disclosure, when the final vertical distance is greater than a preset threshold, the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is determined to be the far-distance type.

[0049] The preset threshold can be 2mm. This threshold is selected based on clinical experience: when the distance between the root apex and the floor of the maxillary sinus is greater than 2mm, the surgical area of ​​routine surgical procedures (such as apicoectomy, root canal preparation, etc.) usually does not involve the maxillary sinus, and the risk of oral-maxillary sinus communication is low; when the distance is less than or equal to 2mm, the surgical procedure may approach or involve the maxillary sinus, requiring careful handling; when the root apex contacts the sinus floor or extends into the sinus, the surgical risk increases significantly.

[0050] Specifically, after obtaining the final vertical distance, if the final vertical distance is greater than the preset threshold (e.g., 2mm), the surgical area of ​​routine surgical operations (e.g., apicoectomy, root canal preparation, etc.) usually does not involve the maxillary sinus. There is a clear bone tissue interval between the root apex and the sinus floor, and the surgical safety is high. It can be determined that the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is the distal type, and the distal type corresponds to a low risk level.

[0051] In other embodiments of this disclosure, when the final vertical distance is greater than zero and less than or equal to the preset threshold, the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is determined to be the mesial type.

[0052] Specifically, after obtaining the final vertical distance, if the final vertical distance is greater than zero and less than or equal to the preset threshold (e.g., 2 mm), the root apex is close to the sinus floor, but there is still a small gap. During the operation, care should be taken to protect the sinus floor mucosa and avoid excessive force or excessive preparation. The target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar can be determined to be the mesial type, which corresponds to the medium risk level.

[0053] In some embodiments of this disclosure, when the final vertical distance is equal to zero, the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is determined to be a contact type.

[0054] Specifically, after obtaining the final vertical distance, if the final vertical distance is equal to zero, the root apex is in direct contact with the sinus floor bone wall but has not broken through. During surgical dissection, it may cause damage to the sinus floor. It can be determined that the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is a contact type, which corresponds to a high-risk level.

[0055] In some embodiments of this disclosure, when the final vertical distance is less than zero, the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is determined to be the sinus floor entry type.

[0056] Specifically, after obtaining the final vertical distance, if the final vertical distance is less than zero, the root apex has broken through the sinus floor bone wall and is directly exposed in the sinus cavity. During tooth extraction or root apex surgery, it is very easy to cause oral-maxillary sinus communication, which makes the surgery the most difficult. It can be determined that the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is the sinus floor entry type, which corresponds to a high-risk level.

[0057] Therefore, classifying surgeries into four types based on thresholds not only aligns with the logic of clinical risk assessment but also ensures ease of operation. Clinicians can quickly determine the surgical risk level based on the classification results and develop corresponding surgical plans, improving diagnostic and treatment efficiency and safety.

[0058] Optionally, the classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus may further include: for the same maxillary premolar with multiple root apexes, determining the final vertical distance between each root apex and the floor of the maxillary sinus; and determining the target type of each root apex based on the final vertical distance.

[0059] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the electronic device can determine the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor wall of the maxillary sinus for the same maxillary premolar having multiple root apexes.

[0060] Specifically, the root canal anatomy of maxillary premolars can vary. For example, the first premolar is mostly single-rooted, but double-rooted (buccal and palatal roots) can also occur; the second premolar is mostly single-rooted, but double-rooted is occasionally seen. For the same tooth with multiple roots, the positional relationship between each root and the maxillary sinus may differ, requiring individual evaluation. Therefore, for the same maxillary premolar with multiple root apexes, the final vertical distance between the root apex of each root and the floor of the maxillary sinus should be determined separately. That is, following the method described above, each root apex should be located separately, and the final vertical distance should be calculated using the corresponding sagittal and coronal views.

[0061] Furthermore, the electronic device can determine the target type of each tooth root apex based on the final vertical distance between the root apex of each tooth and the floor of the maxillary sinus, such as by determining the corresponding target type through the relationship between the final vertical distance and a preset threshold.

[0062] Therefore, by taking into account the anatomical characteristics of multi-rooted teeth, the risk status of each root is assessed separately, avoiding the problem of classifying the entire tooth into one category and masking individual high-risk roots. This makes the assessment results more refined and accurate, providing a more comprehensive basis for the individualized formulation of surgical plans.

[0063] Optionally, the classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus may further include: generating an assessment report to indicate clinical risk based on the target type.

[0064] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the electronic device can generate an assessment report to indicate clinical risks based on the target type.

[0065] Specifically, after completing the measurement and classification of all the tooth roots to be tested, the electronic device automatically generates an assessment report to highlight clinical risks. This report may include basic patient information: name, age, gender, examination number, etc.; measurement results for each tooth root at each position: including the final vertical distance value and target type; risk warnings: high-risk types (contact type, sinus floor type) are marked in red and given a warning; statistical information: the number and proportion of each type of tooth root; and clinical recommendations: corresponding surgical precautions and suggestions based on the classification results.

[0066] Therefore, by generating standardized assessment reports, complex three-dimensional measurement results are transformed into intuitive and easy-to-understand clinical information, enabling clinicians to quickly grasp the patient's condition and facilitating doctor-patient communication. The standardized report format also benefits the accumulation of clinical data and subsequent research.

[0067] Table 1 below provides the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolars and the maxillary sinus.

[0068] Table 1: Vertical relationship between maxillary premolars and maxillary sinus

[0069] Using the method described in this embodiment, the vertical distance between the apex of the maxillary premolars (P1, P2) and the floor of the maxillary sinus was measured and classified in 269 patients. The measurement strictly followed the standardized procedure described in Embodiments 1-3: the distance was measured in both sagittal and coronal views, and the average value was taken as the final vertical distance; four types were classified according to a 2mm threshold; and measurements were recorded separately for teeth with two roots.

[0070] The results are shown in Table 1. The data show that all four types were distributed across each root type at each tooth position. The number and proportion of IS (sinus floor intrusion) roots in the second premolar (P2) were significantly greater than those in the first premolar (P1) (LP2 had the highest proportion at 7.9%, RP2 at 11.2%; LP1 at 0.9%, RP1 at 2.3%). A total of 62 roots from all three root types extended into the maxillary sinus, compared to only 3 roots in P1. Meanwhile, the number and proportion of DI (distal) roots were greater in P1 than in P2 (LP1 had the highest proportion at 78.6%, RP1 at 78.0%; LP2 at 53.3%, RP2 at 48.1%).

[0071] The verification results demonstrate that the classification method of this invention can effectively distinguish the differences in vertical positional relationships among different tooth positions and root types, providing precise data support for targeted clinical diagnosis and treatment. In particular, this method successfully identified that the second premolar has a higher risk of "entering the sinus floor," suggesting that clinicians should be more vigilant when dealing with the maxillary second premolar.

[0072] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a classification device for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, is shown.

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, the classification device 400 for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus may include a data acquisition module 410, a first determination module 420, and a second determination module 430.

[0074] The data acquisition module 410 can be used to acquire three-dimensional image data containing the maxillary premolar region and its adjacent maxillary sinus.

[0075] The first determining module 420 can be used to determine the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus based on the three-dimensional image data.

[0076] The second determining module 430 can be used to determine the target type of the root apex of each maxillary premolar based on the final vertical distance.

[0077] Therefore, in this embodiment, three-dimensional image data including the maxillary premolar region and its adjacent maxillary sinus can be acquired. Then, based on the three-dimensional image data, the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus is determined. Finally, the target type of the root apex of each maxillary premolar is determined based on the final vertical distance. Thus, by unifying measurement standards and optimizing classification logic, accurate differentiation of high-risk types and reasonable merging of low-risk types are achieved, providing a more reliable and valuable reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

[0078] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the first determining module 420 may specifically include: The first determining unit is used to determine the sagittal view and the coronal view along the long axis of the maxillary premolar based on the three-dimensional image data.

[0079] The distance measurement unit is used to measure the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor wall of the maxillary sinus, respectively, through the sagittal view and the coronal view.

[0080] The first calculation unit is used to calculate the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus based on the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.

[0081] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the first calculation unit may be specifically used to calculate the average of the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance, and use the average value as the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus.

[0082] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second determining module 430 may specifically include: The second determining unit is used to determine that the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is the distal type when the final vertical distance is greater than a preset threshold.

[0083] The third determining unit is used to determine that the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is the mesial type when the final vertical distance is greater than zero and less than or equal to the preset threshold.

[0084] The fourth determining unit is used to determine the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar as a contact type when the final vertical distance is equal to zero.

[0085] The fifth determining unit is used to determine the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar as the sinus floor type when the final vertical distance is less than zero.

[0086] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the long-distance type corresponds to a low-risk level, the short-distance type corresponds to a medium-risk level, and the contact type and the entry into the sinus base type correspond to a high-risk level.

[0087] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the classification device 400 for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus may further include: The third determining module is used to determine the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus for the same maxillary premolar having multiple root apexes.

[0088] The fourth determining module is used to determine the target type of each tooth root apex based on the final vertical distance.

[0089] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the classification device 400 for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus may further include: The report generation module is used to generate an assessment report that indicates clinical risks based on the target type.

[0090] It should be noted that, Figure 4The classification device 400, which shows the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, can perform... Figure 1-3 The various steps in the method embodiment shown are implemented. Figure 1-3 The processes and effects in the method embodiments shown are not described in detail here.

[0091] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a classification device for determining the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, provided in an embodiment of this disclosure, is shown.

[0092] In some embodiments of this disclosure, Figure 5 The classification device showing the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolars and the maxillary sinus can be an electronic device. Specifically, the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, devices such as computer equipment, cloud servers, or cloud server clusters.

[0093] like Figure 5 As shown, the classification device for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus may include a processor 501 and a memory 502 storing computer program instructions.

[0094] Specifically, the processor 501 may include a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits that can be configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0095] Memory 502 may include a large-capacity storage device for information or instructions. For example, and not limitingly, memory 502 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, flash memory, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, magnetic tape, or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, memory 502 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, memory 502 may be internal or external to the integrated gateway device. In a particular embodiment, memory 502 is a non-volatile solid-state memory. In a particular embodiment, memory 502 includes read-only memory (ROM). Where appropriate, the ROM may be a mask-programmed ROM, a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable PROM (Electrically Programmable ROM, EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable PROM (EEPROM), an electrically alterable ROM (EAROM), or flash memory, or a combination of two or more of these.

[0096] The processor 501 reads and executes computer program instructions stored in the memory 502 to perform the steps of the classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus provided in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0097] In one example, the device for classifying the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus may further include a transceiver 503 and a bus 504. Wherein, as Figure 5 As shown, the processor 501, memory 502 and transceiver 503 are connected via bus 504 and communicate with each other.

[0098] Bus 504 may include hardware, software, or both. For example, and not limitingly, a bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a Hyper Transport (HT) interconnect, an Industrial Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an Infinite Bandwidth Interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a MicroChannel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local Bus (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, bus 504 may include one or more buses. Although specific buses are described and illustrated in the embodiments of this application, this application considers any suitable bus or interconnection.

[0099] This disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium that can store a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor enables the processor to implement the classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus provided in this disclosure.

[0100] The aforementioned storage medium may, for example, include a memory 502 containing computer program instructions, which can be executed by a processor 501 of a classification device for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolars and maxillary sinuses to complete the classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolars and maxillary sinuses provided in this embodiment. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as a ROM, random access memory (RAM), compact disc ROM (CD-ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device.

[0101] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the term "comprising" is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0102] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement it. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, characterized in that, include: Acquire three-dimensional image data containing the maxillary premolar region and its adjacent maxillary sinus; Based on the three-dimensional image data, the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor wall of the maxillary sinus is determined. The target type of the root apex of each maxillary premolar is determined based on the final vertical distance.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus based on the three-dimensional image data includes: Based on the three-dimensional image data, sagittal and coronal views along the long axis of the maxillary premolar are determined; The first vertical distance and the second vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor wall of the maxillary sinus are measured using the sagittal view and the coronal view, respectively. The final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus is calculated based on the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus based on the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance includes: Calculate the average of the first vertical distance and the second vertical distance, and use the average as the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor of the maxillary sinus.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the target apex type of each maxillary premolar root based on the final vertical distance includes: When the final vertical distance is greater than a preset threshold, the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is determined to be the distal type. When the final vertical distance is greater than zero and less than or equal to the preset threshold, the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is determined to be the mesial type. When the final vertical distance is equal to zero, the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is determined to be the contact type; When the final vertical distance is less than zero, the target type of the root apex of the maxillary premolar is determined to be the sinus floor entry type.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The long-distance type corresponds to a low-risk level, the short-distance type corresponds to a medium-risk level, and the contact type and the entry into the sinus base type correspond to a high-risk level.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: For the same maxillary premolar with multiple root apexes, the final vertical distance between the root apex of each tooth and the floor of the maxillary sinus is determined separately; The target type for each tooth root apex is determined based on the final vertical distance.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: An assessment report is generated based on the target type to indicate clinical risks.

8. A classification device for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire three-dimensional image data containing the maxillary premolar region and its adjacent maxillary sinus. The first determining module is used to determine the final vertical distance between the root apex of each maxillary premolar and the floor wall of the maxillary sinus based on the three-dimensional image data. The second determining module is used to determine the target type of the root apex of each maxillary premolar based on the final vertical distance.

9. A classification device for determining the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory, used to store executable instructions; The processor is configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the executable instructions to implement the classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement the classification method for the vertical positional relationship between the maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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