Training manikin with pressed chest

Abstract

A manikin (1) for practicing resuscitation, comprising a main body (3), a compression plate (9) and a hinged support (23), the main body (3) comprising a thoracic aperture (7), the compression plate (9) extending through the thoracic aperture (7), the hinged support (23) supporting the compression plate (9) on one side of the thoracic aperture (7). A sliding support (25) supports the compression plate (9) on the opposite side of the thoracic aperture. A chest plate (11) is arranged above and attached to the compression plate (9), wherein the chest plate (11) comprises a curved lower plate face (29) facing the compression plate (9).

Description

Cross-reference to related applications

[0001] This application is a divisional application of application number 202280094806.4, filed on October 25, 2022, entitled “Training Human Model with Chest Pressing Function”. The parent application is the Chinese national phase application PCT / EP2022 / 079791 filed with the International Patent Office on October 25, 2022, claiming the benefit of Norwegian patent application No. 20220475 filed on April 27, 2022. The above applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to a training mannequin with chest compressions for resuscitation training. Background Technology

[0003] The aforementioned types of training mannequins are already well-known. They typically have a compressible chest and, over time, have incorporated increasingly advanced features. These features include measurements of pressure, depth, and rate. This type of mannequin also often includes lung function assessments for lung resuscitation training.

[0004] One known solution for obtaining a compressible chest for a mannequin is to fabricate the chest using a flexible sheet material. Additionally, a helical spring is typically placed between the sheet material and the base.

[0005] This solution is disclosed in US9852659. In that disclosure, fan-shaped leaf springs are combined with helical springs. The helical springs must be removed in order to allow the torso to be stacked.

[0006] Publication US4850876 proposes a solution in which a resilient, pressable member is placed between two panels that press against each other during chest compressions.

[0007] Furthermore, WO2012041759 discloses a pressable chest plate in which a flexible plate bridges two support structures protruding from the base. One of the support structures has a curved support surface, such that the pressing force increases with the pressing depth. Additionally, a pressable element is positioned between the flexible beam and the chest plate.

[0008] US6227864 proposes a human model with a flexible chest plate embedded in a torso made of deformable foam.

[0009] Several known mannequins cannot be stacked on top of each other. Therefore, they occupy a significant amount of space during storage and are cumbersome to transport. Furthermore, some mannequins are stackable, but require considerable assembly time before use.

[0010] One object of the present invention may be to provide a stackable training mannequin with compressible chest and lung functions. Other objects will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description. Summary of the Invention

[0011] According to a first aspect of the invention, a human model for practicing resuscitation is provided, comprising a body including a thoracic foramen, a compression plate extending through the thoracic foramen, a hinged bracket supporting the compression plate on one side of the thoracic foramen, and a sliding bracket supporting the compression plate on the opposite side of the thoracic foramen. A chest plate is arranged above and attached to the compression plate, wherein the chest plate includes a curved lower plate surface facing the compression plate.

[0012] The chest plate is preferably made of a substantially non-flexible material, meaning that the shape of the chest plate will not change during chest compressions.

[0013] The term "sliding support" refers to a support that supports a compression plate, wherein the contact area between the sliding support and the compression plate moves along the compression plate during chest compressions. The sliding support may therefore include a rotating roller that rolls against the compression plate. The sliding support may also include a fixed surface on which the compression plate slides during compressions.

[0014] It should be understood that although the main body is usually referred to as a single part in this article, the main body may also be made of several parts assembled into a common structure.

[0015] In some embodiments, the body may include a lower edge defining a lower aperture, an upper body surface, and sidewalls extending upward from the lower edge toward the upper body surface. The upper body surface may include a thoracic aperture.

[0016] In some embodiments, the breast plate may include an upper plate with an upwardly curved shape and a breast plate chamber containing circuitry. Therefore, the breast plate may include an upper plate and a lower plate, with the breast plate chamber located between the upper and lower plates. The circuitry may, for example, be mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB).

[0017] In some embodiments, the press plate may be connected to the end body at a hinge bracket, wherein the end body includes a curved support surface. The curved support surface may be supported by opposing curved support surfaces. Furthermore, the hinge bracket may include a sensor for measuring the angle of the press plate at the hinge bracket location.

[0018] In some embodiments, the sensor may be an inductive sensor, and the hinged bracket may further include a metal element. The metal element can help enable the inductive sensor to measure changes in angle.

[0019] Advantageously, the sensor can be attached to the end body or the pressure plate, while the metal assembly is attached to or at least fixed relative to the body. In such an embodiment, a signal path extending from the end body along the pressure plate to the chest plate can be advantageously provided.

[0020] In some embodiments, the width of the sternal plate may be greater than the width of the compression plate, and the sternal plate is anastomosed within the thoracic foramen.

[0021] Advantageously, when in the non-pressed state, the end of the pressing plate located at the sliding bracket is positioned in the receiving groove of the main body.

[0022] In some embodiments, the sternum may include a sternum incision configured to receive a portion of the compression plate during chest compressions. A sternum protrusion may then extend on a corresponding side of the compression plate in the same direction as the compression plate. During chest compressions, the sternum protrusion may then move downwards beyond the compression plate.

[0023] The main body may have a neck to which a flexible air transfer connector can be attached. The flexible air transfer connector may include a first connector component having an internal flow channel and an external sliding surface, and a second connector component having a connector hole and an internal sliding surface. The external and internal sliding surfaces have coaxial or concentric curved shapes. This allows for relative pivoting about a pivot axis.

[0024] The shape of the outer sliding surface and the inner sliding surface can be a part of a sphere or a part of a cylinder with a circular cross-section.

[0025] The human body model may include a rear head component and a separable front head component. When the front head component is in the separable state, the lower aperture may be configured to receive a portion of the upper body surface and a sidewall of another body. The rear head component may be configured to be partially received within a rear head component connected to the other body.

[0026] In this way, mannequins can be stacked compactly for easy transport and storage. Furthermore, the hinged connection between the mannequin's head and torso (or body) does not require disassembly to achieve this stacking.

[0027] In some embodiments, the body may further include a neck, and the mannequin may further include a hinged connector that pivots about a pivot axis to connect the neck and the rear head component. The rear head component may include a rear recess configured to receive a hinged connector of another neck and rear head component. This facilitates stacking the mannequin with other mannequins.

[0028] In some embodiments, the body may include a receiving groove located at the sliding support position, wherein one end of the pressing plate is received in the receiving groove.

[0029] When bending the compression plate during chest compressions, the end of the compression plate, which is mounted on the sliding support, may tend to protrude upwards in the direction of the incline. This excessive upward protrusion can be prevented by placing this end of the compression plate within a receiving recess. If it does protrude excessively, it may become visible as it can lift a portion of the flexible torso sheet covering the main body.

[0030] According to a second aspect of the invention, a stack of mannequins for practicing resuscitation is provided, wherein each mannequin includes a body, a compression plate extending through a thoracic foramen of the body, and a rear head component attached to the body via a hinged connector. The upper body surface and sidewalls of the lower mannequin's body are received through a lower aperture defined by the lower edge of the upper mannequin's body. Furthermore, the rear head component of the upper mannequin is received within the rear head component of the lower mannequin.

[0031] According to a third aspect of the invention, a human mannequin for practicing resuscitation is provided, comprising a body having a neck, a lung bag having a lung passage, a posterior head component and a posterior head component configured to pivot relative to the body about a pivot axis. According to the third aspect of the invention, the mannequin further includes a flexible air delivery connector comprising a first connector component and a second connector component. The first connector component includes an outer sliding surface and an internal flow channel, and the second connector component includes an inner sliding surface that slides against the outer sliding surface and includes a connector hole. The first or second connector component is fixed relative to the neck, and the second or first connector component is respectively connected to the posterior head component or the posterior head component.

[0032] In some embodiments, the front head component and the rear head component may be made as a single component. In other embodiments, the front head component and the rear head component may be separable. For example, the front head component may be detachable, while the rear head component is held connected to the body by a hinged connector. Attached Figure Description

[0033] While the various features of the present invention have been summarized above, more detailed and non-limiting examples of embodiments will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which...

[0034] Figure 1 This is an exploded perspective view showing the main components of the human body model according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the compression plate for the thoracic cavity in the main body of the human body model and the bridging body;

[0036] Figure 3 It corresponds to Figure 2 However, it has a perspective view of the chest plate connected to the pressure plate;

[0037] Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure plate and chest plate when they are not being pressed down.

[0038] Figure 5 It is basically corresponding to Figure 4 However, the cross-sectional view is in the pressed state;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional side view of a human body model;

[0040] Figure 7 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the hinge bracket when the pressure plate is in the non-pressed state;

[0041] Figure 8 It corresponds to Figure 7 However, the enlarged cross-sectional view is in the pressed state;

[0042] Figure 9 It shows a perspective view of the compression plate and the chest plate;

[0043] Figure 10 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the flexible air transfer connector;

[0044] Figure 11 It is a perspective view of the neck of the main body and the connected rear head components; and

[0045] Figure 12 This is a perspective view showing a stack of human body models according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Figure 1 This is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the human body model 1 according to the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that the components shown in the human body model 1 will be in an assembled state during use. The human body model 1 has a main body 3 forming the torso of the human body model 1. A rear head component 5 is attached to the main body 3. The rear head component 5 is pivotable relative to the main body 1.

[0047] The main body 1 includes a thoracic foramen 7. A compression plate 9 bridges the thoracic foramen 7. The relationship between the main body 3 and the bridging compression plate 9 is also... Figure 2 As shown in the image.

[0048] A chest plate 11 is attached to a compression plate 9. The chest plate 11 is positioned between the compression plate 9 and the lung pouch 13. The lung pouch 13 is connected to the front head assembly 15 via a lung passage 17. When assembled, the front head assembly 15 is connected to the rear head assembly 5.

[0049] When assembled, the facial component 19 is attached to the front head component 15. The facial component 19 may typically be made of a soft material that mimics human skin. Additionally, a flexible torso plate 21 covers at least a portion of the pressure plate 9, chest plate 11, lung pouch 13, and main body 3. The flexible torso plate 21 is also made of a flexible, skin-like material.

[0050] Although some of the main components of the human model 1 have been briefly introduced now, these and other components will be discussed in more detail below.

[0051] refer to Figure 2 The main body 3 includes a lower edge 4. The lower edge 4 rests on a base (not shown) and defines a lower hole 6. The lower hole 6 is located in... Figure 2 It is not directly visible. For example... Figure 12 As shown, the lower hole 6 allows multiple bodies 3 to be stacked together in a compact manner. It should be understood that the lower edge 4 does not necessarily have a shape that is a continuous edge around the lower hole 6.

[0052] The main body 3 also has sidewalls 8 extending upward from its lower edge 4. The sidewalls 8 extend upward toward the upper main body surface 10. The upper main body surface 10 can resemble the front of a human torso. The thoracic opening 7 is arranged in the upper main body surface 10. Therefore, as... Figure 12 As shown, inside the main body 3, that is, below the upper main body surface 10 and inside the side wall 8, there is a large portion of space to accommodate another main body 3.

[0053] The compression plate 9 extends from a hinged bracket 23 on one side of the thoracic foramen 7 to a sliding bracket 25 on the opposite side of the thoracic foramen 7. When the user practices chest compressions, the compression plate 9 bends downward toward the base (not shown, such as a floor, table, or other surface). It is noteworthy that in the illustrated embodiment, there are no other components between the mannequin 1 and the middle portion of the base and the compression plate 9. This facilitates compact stacking when more mannequins 1 are stacked together.

[0054] In the embodiment shown herein, the sliding support 25 includes a fixed support portion against which the compression plate 9 slides during chest compressions. However, in other embodiments, the sliding support 25 may include rollers supporting the compression plate 9. The rollers then rotate back and forth along the compression plate 9 during chest compressions.

[0055] Figure 3 Depicting and Figure 2The same content applies to the chest plate 11. In this embodiment, the chest plate 11 is attached to the compression plate 9. Therefore, when practicing chest compressions, the pressure is transmitted through the chest plate 11 to the compression plate 9. Advantageously, the periphery of the chest plate 11 will fit inside the thoracic opening 7 of the body 3, allowing it to move downwards past the edge defining the thoracic opening 7. Preferably, in the absence of the compression plate 9, the periphery of the chest plate 11 will substantially follow the periphery of the thoracic opening 7, but with sufficient distance to avoid contact during chest compressions.

[0056] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view through the chest plate 11 and the pressure plate 9 is shown in the non-pressed state. The hinge bracket 23 is shown on the right and will be discussed further below. The sliding bracket 25 is shown on the left. The sliding bracket 25 includes a sliding shoulder 25a that supports the pressure plate 9. During pressing, the pressure plate 9 will bend, thereby sliding against the sliding shoulder 25a. In this embodiment, the sliding shoulder 25a is part of the body 3. Figure 3 As shown, the body 3 includes a receiving groove 26 that receives the end of the pressing plate 9. The receiving groove 26 ensures that the end of the pressing plate 9 does not protrude upwards beyond the upper surface of the body during pressing. It should be noted that the pressing plate 9 is concealed by the flexible torso piece 21 disposed thereon. In other embodiments, the sliding shoulder 25a may have additional components.

[0057] The breast plate 11 includes a curved lower plate 27. The curved lower plate 27 has a curved lower plate surface 29 that abuts against the upper surface of the pressing plate 9. The lower plate 27 is attached to the pressing plate 9 at an attachment position 31 (e.g., by a pair of screws). When in the non-pressed state shown, the lower plate surface 29 bends upward away from the pressing plate 9 on both sides of the attachment position 31.

[0058] In the illustrated embodiment, the chest plate 11 further includes an upper plate 33. The upper plate 33 has a curved upper plate surface 33. When in the assembled state, the flexible torso piece 21 will abut against the upper plate surface 33. Figure 4 As shown in the cross-sectional view, a chest plate chamber 37 is disposed between the lower plate 27 and the upper plate 33. A printed circuit board 39 (PCB) is arranged within the chest plate chamber 37. The PCB 39 includes various functions such as a wireless communication unit (e.g., Bluetooth), an accelerometer for taking measurements during chest compressions, and possibly other sensors.

[0059] The lower plate 27 can be attached to the upper plate 33 (e.g., with screws, not shown).

[0060] Figure 5 Depicting and Figure 4The parts shown are essentially the same, but in a pressed state. The pressing plate 9 is now bent, and a portion of the pressing plate 9 extends along the length of the lower plate surface 29 of the lower plate 27, i.e., it contacts the lower plate surface 29. Naturally, a smaller downward pressing force will result in a smaller pressing distance, while a larger force will result in a larger pressing distance. It is worth noting that the force required for each additional pressing length increases with the increase in pressing length. In other words, the force-pressing curve is non-linear.

[0061] Figure 6 The main body 3, rear head component 5, front head component 15, pressure plate 9, chest plate 11, and lung pouch 13 with lung passage 17 are depicted in a cross-sectional side view. Figure 6 In the middle, the pressure plate 9 is displayed as not being pressed.

[0062] Figure 7 and Figure 8 These are enlarged cross-sectional views of the hinge bracket 23 in its non-pressed and pressed states, respectively. The pressing plate 9 is attached at its end to the end body 41. The end body 41 includes a first end body component 43 and a second end body component 45. These components are connected to each other and attached to the pressing plate 9, for example, by screws. The second end body component 45 includes a curved hinge surface 47.

[0063] In the illustrated embodiment, the curved hinge surface 47 has a convex structure and is supported on the concave curved support surface 49. In the illustrated embodiment, the curved support surface 49 is part of the main body 3. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the curved support surface 49 may also be provided with additional components.

[0064] Preferably, the metal element 51 is embedded in and substantially flush with the curved support surface 49. In this embodiment, the metal element 51 is formed as a plate with a curved portion.

[0065] As is now understood by those skilled in the art, during chest compressions, the end piece 41 pivots back and forth while being supported by the curved support surface 49 and / or the metal element 51.

[0066] Furthermore, a sensor 53 is mounted on the end of the pressing plate 9. In the illustrated embodiment, the sensor 53 is attached to the end body 41 and inserted between the first end body component 43 and the second end body component 45.

[0067] Sensor 53 is configured to measure the angle of sensor 53, thereby measuring the angle of the end of the compression plate 9 relative to the body 3. Advantageously, sensor 53 can be an inductive sensor. By using a metallic material in the metal element 51, the inductive sensor 53 is able to sense angular displacement during chest compressions. Furthermore, a computing unit (not shown), for example embedded in PCB 39, is used to... Figure 4The degree of chest compression (or compression distance) can be calculated based on the measured compression angle of the compression plate 9.

[0068] It should be understood that other solutions can be applied to measure chest compressions (e.g., an accelerometer disposed in the chest plate 11). Furthermore, it should be understood that instead of using a metal element 51 with a curved structure providing metal near the sensor 53, another element comprising metal can be provided.

[0069] Figure 9 This is a perspective view showing the breast plate 11 and the pressure plate 9 attached to the breast plate 11. At the end of the pressure plate 9 located on the sliding support (see...) Figure 2 A rope 55 is attached to the main body 3. Rope 55 is also secured to the main body 3. This is to ensure that excessive chest compressions (i.e., excessive downward bending of the compression plate 9) do not cause the end of the compression plate 9 to move downwards beyond the sliding shoulder 25a. Figure 4 ) and through the thoracic foramen 7 ( Figure 1 ).

[0070] Still referencing Figure 9 The chest plate 11 includes a chest plate incision 57. The chest plate incision 57 is used to receive a compression plate during deep chest compressions. On both sides of the compression plate 9 and the chest plate incision 57, the chest plate 11 includes chest plate protrusions 59. Thus, during deep compressions, at least a portion of the corresponding chest plate protrusion 59 can move vertically beyond the adjacent portion of the compression plate 9.

[0071] Furthermore, a signal channel 61 is arranged on the pressing plate 9, which includes electrical signal lines (not shown) connecting the sensor 53 to the PCB 39 or other electrical devices in the breast plate 11. In an alternative embodiment, the electrical signal lines may be directly attached to the surface of the pressing plate 9 (e.g., with glue or fastening hooks) without signal channel 61.

[0072] The chest plate 11 also includes a lung pouch attachment device 63. In the illustrated embodiment, the lung pouch attachment device 63 is in the form of a protrusion. The lung pouch attachment device 63 is configured to connect to a lung pouch connecting ring 65, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0073] Figure 10 yes Figure 6The enlarged portion of the cross-sectional view shown. The flexible air transfer connector 70 is attached to the body 3, or at least in a fixed position relative to the body 3 (thus indirectly connected to the body 3). The first connector member 71 has an internal flow channel 73 and an external sliding surface 75. The external sliding surface 75 has a shape corresponding to a portion of a sphere. The flexible air transfer connector 70 also includes a second connector member 77. The second connector member 77 has an internal sliding surface 79 abutting against the external sliding surface 75 of the first connector member 71. Furthermore, the internal sliding surface 79 also has a configuration corresponding to a portion of the sphere, which fits tightly against the external sliding surface 75. The flexible air transfer connector 70 also has a connector hole 81. The connector hole 81 may be part of the second connector member 77. Thus, air can be transferred through the flexible air transfer connector 70 in different mutually angular directions of the first and second connector members 71, 77.

[0074] The outer sliding surface 75 and the inner sliding surface 79 may have a configuration corresponding to a portion of a cylinder with a circular cross-section, rather than a configuration corresponding to a portion of a sphere. Figure 11 The diagram shows a pivot axis 87, and the first and second joint components 71, 77 are rotatable about the pivot axis 87.

[0075] In the illustrated embodiment, the second connector component 77 is part of or connected to the front head component 15 (see [reference]). Figure 1 The front head member 15 is configured to attach to the rear head member 5 such that the second connector member 77 is held in position on the first connector member 71. Those skilled in the art will understand that the positions of the first and second connector members 71, 77 can be switched such that the outer sliding surface 75 is connected to the front head member 15 instead of to the body 3.

[0076] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view showing the rear head component 5 connected to the body 3. The body 3 includes a neck 83. The rear head component 5 is connected to the neck 83 on both sides of the first joint component 71 via hinge connectors 85. Therefore, the rear head component 5 is able to pivot relative to the body 3 about a pivot axis 87, which extends through the first joint component 71 in the illustrated image.

[0077] The neck 83 of the main body 3 includes a first elastic band attachment device 89, and the rear head component 5 includes a second elastic band attachment device 91. The elastic bands (not shown) can be attached to the corresponding first and second elastic band attachment devices 89, 91 in a tensioned state. This ensures that the user must push their head back to achieve the correct head position during resuscitation training (to ensure airflow through the lung passage 17).

[0078] Figure 12Multiple main bodies 3 in a stacked state and an attached rear head component 5 are depicted. A flexible torso plate 21, a chest plate 11, and a pressure plate 9 are also assembled together. Figure 12 As shown, the main body 3 and the rear head component 5 can be stacked in a relatively compact manner. Before using the human model 1, the front head component 15 and the face component 19 must also be assembled.

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown, the rear head component 5 includes a rear recess 93. The rear recess 93 is located on the rear side of the rear head component 5 and is configured to receive the hinge connector 85 and the first joint component 71 in a stacked state, as shown... Figure 12 As shown.

Claims

1. A human model for practicing resuscitation (1), comprising: The main body (3) includes a thoracic foramen (7); Pressing plate (9), the pressing plate (9) extends through the thoracic foramen (7); A hinged bracket (23) and a sliding bracket (25), wherein the hinged bracket (23) supports the pressure plate (9) on one side of the thoracic opening (7), and the sliding bracket (25) supports the pressure plate (9) on the opposite side of the thoracic opening; A breast plate (11) is located above and attached to the pressing plate (9), wherein the breast plate (11) includes a curved lower plate surface (29) facing the pressing plate (9).

2. The human body model (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body (3) includes: The lower edge (4) defines the lower hole (6); Upper main body surface (10); Sidewall (8), the sidewall (8) extends upward from the lower edge toward the upper body surface (10) of the body (3); The upper body surface (10) includes the thoracic cavity opening (7).

3. The human body model (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that, The sternum includes an upwardly curved upper plate (33) with a protrusion, and a sternum chamber (37) including circuitry (39).

4. The human body model (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The pressing plate (9) is attached to the end body (41) at the hinge bracket (23), wherein the end body (41) includes a curved support surface (49), and wherein the hinge bracket (23) includes a sensor (53) for measuring the angle of the pressing plate (9) at the position of the hinge bracket (23).

5. The human body model (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sensor (53) is an inductive sensor, and the hinge bracket (23) also includes a metal element (51).

6. The human body model (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The width of the chest plate (11) is greater than the width of the pressing plate (9), and the chest plate (11) fits within the thoracic cavity opening (7).

7. The human body model (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The body (3) includes a neck (83), and a flexible air transmission connector (70) is attached to the neck (83), wherein the flexible air transmission connector (70) includes: The first connector component (71) has an internal flow channel (73) and an external sliding surface (75). The second connector component (77) has a connector hole (81) and an internal sliding surface (79). The outer sliding surface (75) and the inner sliding surface (79) have coaxial or concentric curved shapes, thereby enabling them to pivot about the pivot axis (87).

8. The human body model (1) according to claim 2, or claim 2 and any other preceding claim, characterized in that, The human body model (1) includes a rear head component (5) and a detachable front head component (15). When the front head component (15) is in the detached state, The lower hole (6) is configured to accommodate a portion of the sidewall (8) of the upper body surface (10) and another body (3); and The rear head component (5) is configured to be partially housed within a rear head component (5) attached to another body (3).

9. The human body model (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that: The main body (3) also includes a neck (83); The human body model (1) also includes a hinge connector (85) that connects the neck (83) and the posterior head component (5) in a pivoting manner about a pivot axis (87); and The rear head component (5) includes a rear recess (93) configured to receive a hinge connector (85) of another neck (83) and the rear head component (5).

10. The human body model (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The main body (3) includes a receiving groove (26) at the position of the sliding bracket (25), wherein one end of the pressing plate (9) is received in the receiving groove (26).

11. A stack of human models (1) for practicing resuscitation, each human model comprising a body (3), a compression plate (9) extending through a thoracic opening (7) through said body (3), and a rear head component (5) attached to the body via a hinged connector (85). in, The upper body surface (10) and sidewalls (8) of the lower human body model are accommodated by a lower hole (6) defined by the lower edge (4) of the upper human body model (1), and The upper human body model's rear head component (5) is housed within the lower human body model's rear head component (5).

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