A solid waste processing apparatus for the manufacture of lightweight building materials

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of garbage disposal, and particularly relates to a solid garbage disposal equipment for manufacturing light building materials, which comprises a machine frame, one end of the top of the machine frame is provided with a feeding hopper, the inner wall of the top of the feeding hopper is fixedly connected with an inclined sliding table on one side, the bottom of the inclined sliding table in the feeding hopper is provided with a semicircular baffle, the outer wall of the bottom of the semicircular baffle is welded with a rotating shaft, the bottom outer wall of the rotating shaft is penetrated and installed with a first bevel gear, and the outer wall of the first bevel gear is engaged with a second bevel gear. Through the full linkage mechanical cooperation of the machine frame, the servo motor, the rotating shaft, the cutting knife and the eccentric screening mechanism, intermittent discharging, crushing and volume reduction, eccentric screening and integrated continuous operation of classified conveying are realized, single power driving and synchronous operation of multiple mechanisms are realized, the structure is highly integrated and stable in operation, and the problems of blockage, uneven material diameter and incomplete screening are solved from the source, and the solid garbage disposal efficiency for light building materials is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste treatment technology, and in particular to a solid waste treatment device for the manufacture of lightweight building materials. Background Technology

[0002] Solid waste treatment equipment used in the manufacture of lightweight building materials is specialized equipment for the pretreatment of solid waste such as construction waste, lightweight building material production waste, and lightweight block scraps. Its main functions include intermittent feeding, crushing and volume reduction, and grading and screening of mixed solid waste, separating and conveying materials of different particle sizes to provide qualified raw materials for subsequent pulping, mixing, molding, and recycling. It is a core piece of equipment for realizing the resource utilization of construction waste and reducing the production cost of lightweight building materials. This type of equipment needs to be characterized by continuous operation, resistance to clogging, uniform crushing, high screening efficiency, and structural stability. It can be widely used in the recycling and manufacturing of building materials such as lightweight bricks, lightweight wall panels, insulation boards, and foamed cement.

[0003] Existing solid waste treatment equipment for lightweight building materials has some shortcomings and is difficult to meet the needs of high-efficiency production: First, the waste is prone to accumulation, bridging and blockage during feeding, making it impossible to achieve stable intermittent feeding, which seriously affects continuous production. The waste contains blocky, strip-shaped and lumpy waste of different sizes, making direct screening difficult. The lack of a synchronous crushing and volume reduction mechanism leads to low subsequent sorting efficiency and low finished product rate. In addition, screening mechanisms are mostly fixed screens or independently driven, with dispersed power and high energy consumption. The screens are prone to clogging and incomplete screening, and large and small particles cannot be effectively separated. The overall equipment has low automation and integration, with feeding, crushing and screening being independent, resulting in poor process connection and restricting the efficiency and quality of lightweight building material recycling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a solid waste treatment device for the manufacture of lightweight building materials, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and effectively solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials includes a frame, a feeding hopper at one end of the top of the frame, and an inclined slide fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the top of the feeding hopper. A semi-circular baffle is provided at the bottom of the inclined slide inside the feeding hopper. A rotating shaft is welded to the outer wall of the bottom of the semi-circular baffle, and a first bevel gear is installed through the outer wall of the bottom of the rotating shaft. A second bevel gear meshes on the outer wall of the first bevel gear, and a first rotating shaft is installed on one side of the outer wall of the second bevel gear. A servo motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the first rotating shaft through a coupling. The bottom outer wall of the feed hopper is provided with a discharge port, and a cutting blade is installed through the outer wall of the rotating shaft. A scraper is welded to the bottom outer wall of the cutting blade. A conical cover is provided at the bottom of the feed hopper, and the scraper is in close contact with the outer wall of the conical cover. An eccentric screening mechanism is provided inside the frame, and a pulley pair is provided between the eccentric screening mechanism and the first rotating shaft.

[0006] Preferably, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are both located at the bottom of the cone cover, and a connecting block is welded to one side of the outer wall of the bottom of the cone cover, and the first rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting block.

[0007] Preferably, a discharge plate is welded to the inner wall of one end of the machine frame below the feed hopper.

[0008] Preferably, the eccentric screening mechanism includes a second rotating shaft, eccentric wheels, oscillating screen plates, a crossbeam, and springs. The oscillating screen plates, which are distributed at equal intervals, are rotatably connected to the outer wall of one end of the discharge plate. The crossbeam is welded to the inner wall of the machine frame. The springs are fixedly connected between the crossbeam and the oscillating screen plates. The second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the outer wall of one side of the machine frame, and a pulley pair is installed between the second rotating shaft and the first rotating shaft. The eccentric wheels, which are distributed at equal intervals, are installed on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft, and the eccentric wheels and the oscillating screen plates correspond one-to-one.

[0009] Preferably, the top outer wall of the oscillating screen plate is provided with a chip removal hole, and the inner wall of the other end of the machine frame near the oscillating screen plate is provided with a waste discharge area.

[0010] Preferably, a small material conveyor is provided at the bottom of the machine frame below the chip discharge hole, and a first baffle is installed on the outer wall of one end of the small material conveyor; a large material conveyor is provided at the bottom of the machine frame below the waste discharge area, and a second baffle is installed on the outer wall of one end of the large material conveyor.

[0011] Preferably, a feeding frame is fixedly connected to the other side of the top inner wall of the feeding hopper, and the feeding frame is located above the semi-circular baffle plate.

[0012] Preferably, a support rod is welded between the feed hopper and the machine frame, and connecting rods that are evenly distributed are welded between the feed hopper and the conical cover.

[0013] Preferably, a motor mount is welded to one side of the outer wall of the frame, and the servo motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the motor mount by screws.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The solid waste treatment equipment for manufacturing lightweight building materials of the present invention achieves integrated continuous operation of intermittent feeding, crushing and volume reduction, eccentric screening, and classified conveying through the full linkage of the frame, servo motor, rotating shaft, cutting blade, and eccentric screening mechanism. It features a single power drive for multiple mechanisms to operate synchronously, a highly integrated structure, and stable operation. It solves problems such as blockage, uneven material size, and incomplete screening from the source, and significantly improves the efficiency of solid waste treatment for lightweight building materials. The solid waste treatment equipment for manufacturing lightweight building materials of the present invention achieves controllable intermittent feeding through the cooperation of a semi-circular baffle, a rotating shaft, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, and a servo motor. The semi-circular baffle rotates periodically and forms a quantitative flow and cut-off with the inclined slide table, which effectively prevents waste from bridging and the feed inlet from being blocked, ensuring uniform and continuous feeding and providing a stable material supply for subsequent crushing and screening. The solid waste treatment equipment for manufacturing lightweight building materials of the present invention, through the cooperation of cutting blade, scraper and conical cover, shears and crushes large pieces of waste at the same time as feeding, reduces the size of waste and reduces screening difficulty. The scraper rotates close to the conical cover, and guides the crushed material evenly to the discharge plate to avoid sticking to the wall and accumulation. It realizes the simultaneous completion of crushing and conveying, and improves the smoothness of processing. The solid waste treatment equipment for manufacturing lightweight building materials of the present invention, through the cooperation of an eccentric screening mechanism, a pulley pair, and a swing screen plate, drives multiple sets of eccentric wheels to rotate synchronously with a single power source, which drives the swing screen plate to swing at high frequency. With the help of springs, efficient vibration screening is achieved. Small materials fall from the chip discharge hole and large materials are discharged from the waste discharge area. The separation of materials of different sizes is thorough, the screening efficiency is high, and the holes are not easy to clog. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials, as proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials, as proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the frame of a solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials, as proposed in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the feed hopper of a solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials, as proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of Part A; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the feed hopper of a solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials, as proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a partial structural breakdown diagram of a solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials proposed in this invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Machine frame; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Inclined slide; 4. Semi-circular baffle; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. First bevel gear; 7. Second bevel gear; 8. First rotating shaft; 9. Servo motor; 10. Discharge port; 11. Cutting blade; 12. Scraper; 13. Conical cover; 14. Eccentric screening mechanism; 141. Second rotating shaft; 142. Eccentric wheel; 143. Swinging screen plate; 144. Crossbeam; 145. Spring; 15. Pulley pair; 16. Drop plate; 17. Chip removal hole; 18. Waste discharge area; 19. Small material conveyor; 20. First baffle; 21. Large material conveyor; 22. Second baffle; 23. Feed frame; 24. Support rod; 25. Connecting rod; 26. Connecting block; 27. Motor base. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0018] Reference Figures 1-7 Example 1: A solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials includes a frame 1. A feeding hopper 2 is provided at one end of the top of the frame 1, and an inclined slide 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the top of the feeding hopper 2. A semi-circular baffle 4 is provided at the bottom of the inclined slide 3 inside the feeding hopper 2. A rotating shaft 5 is welded to the outer wall of the bottom of the semi-circular baffle 4, and a first bevel gear 6 is installed through the outer wall of the bottom of the rotating shaft 5. A second bevel gear 7 meshes on the outer wall of the first bevel gear 6, and a first rotating shaft 8 is installed on one side of the outer wall of the second bevel gear 7. A servo motor 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the first rotating shaft 8 through a coupling.

[0019] Through the above scheme, the frame 1 provides rigid support and installation foundation for the whole machine, the feed hopper 2 is used to temporarily store solid waste to be processed, the inclined slide 3 guides the waste to fall into the area of ​​the semi-circular baffle 4, the semi-circular baffle 4 rotates periodically with the rotating shaft 5 to realize intermittent on-off feeding and prevent blockage, the first bevel gear 6 and the second bevel gear 7 realize the power reversal, converting the horizontal rotation of the servo motor 9 into the vertical rotation of the rotating shaft 5, the servo motor 9 provides stable and adjustable power to ensure that the overall mechanism operates synchronously and the speed is controllable.

[0020] In this embodiment, the semi-circular baffle plate 4, rotating shaft 5, first bevel gear 6, second bevel gear 7, and servo motor 9 work together to achieve controllable intermittent feeding. The semi-circular baffle plate 4 rotates periodically, and together with the inclined slide table 3, it forms a quantitative on / off switch, which effectively prevents garbage from bridging and the feed inlet from being blocked, ensuring uniform and continuous feeding and providing a stable material supply for subsequent crushing and screening.

[0021] In the second embodiment, the bottom outer wall of the feed hopper 2 is provided with a discharge port 10, and a cutting blade 11 is installed through the outer wall of the rotating shaft 5. A scraper 12 is welded to the bottom outer wall of the cutting blade 11. A conical cover 13 is provided at the bottom of the feed hopper 2, and the scraper 12 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the conical cover 13.

[0022] Through the above scheme, the discharge port 10 provides a falling channel for the crushed material. The cutting blade 11 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 5 to shear and crush large pieces and long strips of waste, reduce the size of the material, and reduce the difficulty of subsequent screening. The scraper 12 rotates close to the conical cover 13 to scrape the crushed material away from the conical surface in time to prevent it from sticking to the wall and to guide the material evenly to the falling area to ensure smooth falling. The conical cover 13 plays a guiding and supporting role, so that the material is evenly dispersed in all directions.

[0023] In this embodiment, the cutting blade 11, scraper 12, and conical cover 13 work together to shear and crush large pieces of waste while feeding, reducing the size of the waste and reducing the difficulty of screening. The scraper 12 rotates close to the conical cover 13, guiding the crushed material evenly to the discharge plate 16, avoiding sticking and accumulation on the wall, so that crushing and conveying are completed simultaneously, improving the smoothness of processing.

[0024] In embodiment 3, an eccentric screening mechanism 14 is provided inside the frame 1, and a pulley pair 15 is provided between the eccentric screening mechanism 14 and the first rotating shaft 8. The eccentric screening mechanism 14 includes a second rotating shaft 141, eccentric wheels 142, swing screen plates 143, crossbeams 144, and springs 145. The swing screen plates 143, which are distributed at equal distances, are rotatably connected to the outer wall of one end of the discharge plate 16. The crossbeams 144 are welded to the inner wall of the frame 1. The springs 145 are fixedly connected between the crossbeams 144 and the swing screen plates 143. The second rotating shaft 141 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of one side of the frame 1, and the pulley pair 15 is installed between the second rotating shaft 141 and the first rotating shaft 8. The eccentric wheels 142, which are distributed at equal distances, are installed on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 141, and the eccentric wheels 142 and the swing screen plates 143 correspond one-to-one.

[0025] Through the above scheme, the pulley pair 15 synchronously transmits the power of the first rotating shaft 8 to the eccentric screening mechanism 14 to achieve single-power drive. The second rotating shaft 141 drives multiple sets of eccentric wheels 142 to rotate synchronously, pushing the swing screen plate 143 to swing up and down. The spring 145 provides the restoring force, so that the swing screen plate 143 vibrates continuously at high frequency, improving the screening effect. The crossbeam 144 provides a fixed support point for the spring 145 to ensure the stability of the swing structure.

[0026] In this embodiment, through the cooperation of the eccentric screening mechanism 14, the pulley pair 15, and the swing screen plate 143, a single power drive drives multiple sets of eccentric wheels 142 to rotate synchronously, driving the swing screen plate 143 to swing at high frequency. With the help of the spring 145, efficient vibration screening is achieved. Small materials fall from the chip discharge hole 17 and large materials are discharged from the waste discharge area 18. The separation of large and small materials is thorough, the screening efficiency is high, and the holes are not easy to clog.

[0027] The first bevel gear 6 and the second bevel gear 7 are both located at the bottom of the cone cover 13, and a connecting block 26 is welded to one side of the outer wall of the bottom of the cone cover 13. The first rotating shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting block 26.

[0028] Through the above scheme, the bottom space of the conical cover 13 is used to install the gear set, achieving dust and dirt protection. The connecting block 26 provides radial positioning and support for the first rotating shaft 8, ensuring rotational concentricity, reducing shaking and wear, and improving the stability and service life of the gear transmission.

[0029] A discharge plate 16 is welded to the inner wall of one end of the machine frame 1, below the feed hopper 2.

[0030] Through the above scheme, the material drop plate 16 receives the crushed waste falling from the discharge port 10 and guides it smoothly to the surface of the swing screen plate 143 to form a stable material drop area, preventing material from splashing and scattering, and ensuring that all materials enter the screening process.

[0031] The top outer wall of the swing screen plate 143 is provided with a chip discharge hole 17, and the inner wall of the other end of the frame 1 near the swing screen plate 143 is provided with a waste discharge area 18.

[0032] Through the above scheme, the chip discharge hole 17 is used for small-sized qualified materials to pass through, realizing graded screening, and the waste discharge zone 18 provides a discharge channel for large-sized impermeable materials, so that large materials and small materials are completely separated, meeting the raw material particle size requirements for lightweight building material manufacturing.

[0033] A small material conveyor 19 is installed at the bottom of the frame 1 below the chip discharge hole 17, and a first baffle 20 is installed on the outer wall of one end of the small material conveyor 19. A large material conveyor 21 is installed at the bottom of the frame 1 below the waste discharge area 18, and a second baffle 22 is installed on the outer wall of one end of the large material conveyor 21.

[0034] Through the above scheme, the small material conveyor 19 continuously conveys the small granular raw materials after screening to the next process, the first baffle 20 prevents the small materials from spilling, the large material conveyor 21 concentrates and recycles the large granular waste materials, and the second baffle 22 prevents the large materials from overflowing, so as to realize the classified conveying of materials of different sizes without interference.

[0035] A feeding frame 23 is fixedly connected to the other side of the top inner wall of the feeding hopper 2, and the feeding frame 23 is located above the semi-circular baffle plate 4.

[0036] Through the above solution, the feeding frame 23 provides a standardized entrance for waste input, which facilitates connection with the feeding equipment, prevents waste from overflowing from the side, and ensures that the material falls accurately into the area above the semi-circular baffle plate 4, thereby improving the standardization and safety of feeding.

[0037] A support rod 24 is welded between the feed hopper 2 and the machine frame 1, and connecting rods 25 are welded between the feed hopper 2 and the conical cover 13 at equal intervals.

[0038] Through the above scheme, the support rod 24 reinforces the feed hopper 2, improving the overall stability of the machine operation. The connecting rod 25 evenly supports the conical cover 13, ensuring that it is firm and does not loosen, and withstands the friction force brought by the rotation of the scraper 12, thus extending its service life.

[0039] A motor mount 27 is welded to one side of the outer wall of the frame 1, and the servo motor 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the motor mount 27 by screws.

[0040] Through the above solution, the motor mount 27 provides a stable mounting platform for the servo motor 9, ensuring that the motor does not vibrate or shift during operation, that the power output is stable and reliable, that noise and the probability of failure are reduced, and that it is convenient for later maintenance and disassembly.

[0041] Working principle: This equipment uses a servo motor 9 for single-power drive, realizing fully automated operation of intermittent feeding, crushing and volume reduction, eccentric screening, and classified conveying. After startup, the servo motor 9 drives the first rotating shaft 8 to rotate, and through the reversal of the second bevel gear 7 and the first bevel gear 6, it drives the rotating shaft 5, the semi-circular baffle plate 4, the cutting blade 11, and the scraper plate 12 to rotate synchronously. Solid waste is fed into the feed box 23 and slides down the inclined slide table 3. The semi-circular baffle plate 4 rotates periodically to achieve intermittent quantitative feeding and avoid blockage. The cutting blade 11 rotates to shear large pieces of waste and reduce the size of the material. The scraper plate 12 closely follows the conical cover 13 to scrape the crushed material to the discharge port 10, and then falls onto the swing screen plate 143 through the drop plate 16. The first rotating shaft 8 drives the second rotating shaft 141 and the eccentric wheel 142 to rotate through the pulley pair 15, which pushes the swing screen plate 143 to swing continuously under the cooperation of the spring 145. Small-sized materials fall from the chip discharge hole 17 into the small material conveyor 19, and large-sized materials slide along the swing screen plate 143 to the waste discharge area 18 and fall into the large material conveyor 21.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that, The top of the frame (1) is provided with a feeding hopper (2), and a sloping slide (3) is fixedly connected to one side of the inner wall of the top of the feeding hopper (2). A semi-circular baffle (4) is provided at the bottom of the sloping slide (3) inside the feeding hopper (2). A rotating shaft (5) is welded to the bottom outer wall of the semi-circular baffle (4), and a first bevel gear (6) is installed through the bottom outer wall of the rotating shaft (5). A second bevel gear (7) meshes on the outer wall of the first bevel gear (6), and a first rotating shaft (8) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the second bevel gear (7). A servo motor (9) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one end of the first rotating shaft (8) through a coupling. The bottom outer wall of the feed hopper (2) is provided with a discharge port (10), and a cutting blade (11) is installed through the outer wall of the rotating shaft (5). A scraper (12) is welded to the bottom outer wall of the cutting blade (11). A conical cover (13) is provided at the bottom of the feed hopper (2), and the scraper (12) is closely attached to the outer wall of the conical cover (13). An eccentric screening mechanism (14) is provided inside the frame (1), and a pulley pair (15) is provided between the eccentric screening mechanism (14) and the first rotating shaft (8).

2. A solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first bevel gear (6) and the second bevel gear (7) are both located at the bottom of the conical cover (13), and a connecting block (26) is welded to one side of the outer wall of the bottom of the conical cover (13). The first rotating shaft (8) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting block (26).

3. A solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, A material discharge plate (16) is welded to the inner wall of one end of the machine frame (1) below the feed hopper (2).

4. A solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The eccentric screening mechanism (14) includes a second rotating shaft (141), eccentric wheels (142), a swing screen plate (143), a crossbeam (144), and a spring (145). The swing screen plates (143) distributed at equal distances are rotatably connected to the outer wall of one end of the discharge plate (16). The crossbeam (144) is welded to the inner wall of the frame (1). The spring (145) is fixedly connected between the crossbeam (144) and the swing screen plate (143). The second rotating shaft (141) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of one side of the frame (1). The pulley pair (15) is installed between the second rotating shaft (141) and the first rotating shaft (8). The eccentric wheels (142) distributed at equal distances are installed on the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (141). The eccentric wheels (142) and the swing screen plates (143) correspond one-to-one.

5. A solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top outer wall of the swing screen plate (143) is provided with a chip discharge hole (17), and the inner wall of the other end of the machine frame (1) near the swing screen plate (143) is provided with a waste discharge area (18).

6. A solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the frame (1) is provided with a small material conveyor (19) below the chip discharge hole (17), and a first baffle (20) is installed on the outer wall of one end of the small material conveyor (19). The bottom of the frame (1) is provided with a large material conveyor (21) below the waste discharge area (18), and a second baffle (22) is installed on the outer wall of one end of the large material conveyor (21).

7. A solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, A feeding frame (23) is fixedly connected to the other side of the top inner wall of the feeding hopper (2), and the feeding frame (23) is located above the semi-circular baffle (4).

8. A solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support rod (24) is welded between the feed hopper (2) and the machine frame (1), and a connecting rod (25) is welded between the feed hopper (2) and the conical cover (13) at equal intervals.

9. A solid waste treatment device for manufacturing lightweight building materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, A motor mount (27) is welded to one side of the outer wall of the frame (1), and the servo motor (9) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the motor mount (27) by screws.

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