Hydrolysis hydrogen production apparatus and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of hydrolysis hydrogen production, and discloses a hydrolysis hydrogen production device and a hydrogen production method thereof, which comprises a hydrogen production reaction tank, a liquid storage tank, a pump body, a filter assembly, a heat dissipation assembly and a control component. The control component integrates five modules of data acquisition, multi-dimensional data analysis, data integration, comprehensive judgment and closed-loop correction. The control component can collect multi-dimensional operation parameters in real time and denoise, quantitatively analyze from the dimensions of energy balance, material balance and component state, evaluate the state level after correlation verification and comprehensive quantification, predict the parameter trend and locate the abnormal source, and then generate targeted regulation instructions. Through multi-dimensional data correlation analysis, weighted exponential smoothing trend prediction and complete closed-loop correction, the present application realizes accurate regulation of reaction conditions, accurate positioning of abnormal sources, forward-looking risk avoidance, continuous and stable hydrogen production process, and significantly improves hydrogen production efficiency, working condition adaptation flexibility and long-term operation reliability of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, specifically to a water electrolysis hydrogen production device and a hydrogen production method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] With the global trend towards a cleaner and lower-carbon energy structure, hydrogen energy, as a highly efficient and zero-emission secondary energy source, has become a key direction for overcoming the environmental bottlenecks of traditional fossil fuels. Its applications have covered multiple fields such as industrial fuels, transportation, and energy storage, and market demand continues to rise. Among the diversified development of hydrogen production technologies, water electrolysis has become one of the mainstream hydrogen production routes due to its wide availability of raw materials and environmentally friendly reaction process, attracting much attention from the industry.

[0003] Early hydrogen production technologies primarily relied on traditional water electrolysis. However, advancements in materials science and reaction engineering have led to the development of various technologies, including photocatalytic water electrolysis and thermochemical water electrolysis, continuously improving hydrogen production efficiency and scalability. In recent years, the global push for carbon neutrality and the advancement of energy security strategies have further accelerated the industrialization of hydrogen production technologies through water electrolysis. Countries worldwide have increased their R&D investment, focusing on optimizing reaction conditions and integrating equipment design to meet the diverse hydrogen production needs of different scenarios.

[0004] Meanwhile, industrial production, distributed energy and other fields have placed higher demands on the continuous operation stability and parameter controllability of hydrogen production equipment, prompting the development of water electrolysis hydrogen production technology from a single reaction to refined management of the entire process. The collaborative innovation of related supporting technologies has become an important support for promoting the large-scale popularization of water electrolysis hydrogen production technology and has laid the foundation for the sustainable development of the industry.

[0005] However, it still has some drawbacks in practical use, such as:

[0006] 1. The control of key parameters lacks precision and relies heavily on single-dimensional data feedback. It does not fully link the energy, materials and component status in the reaction process, resulting in large fluctuations in core reaction conditions such as temperature and pressure, making it difficult to maintain stable hydrogen production efficiency and lacking flexibility to adapt to different working conditions.

[0007] 2. Anomaly identification is limited to single-dimensional judgment and fails to explore the causal transmission and superposition effects between anomalies. This can easily lead to misjudgment or missed judgment, making it impossible to locate the root cause of the core problem in a timely manner, which affects the efficiency of equipment fault diagnosis and anomaly handling and increases operational risks.

[0008] 3. Status determination is mostly based on real-time data, lacking the ability to predict future trends. It is difficult to predict parameter drift or abnormal expansion trends in advance, and often only responds passively after the anomaly occurs. It cannot achieve forward-looking control and affects the continuity of the hydrogen production process.

[0009] 4. The control process lacks a complete closed loop, and the effect is not verified and corrected in a timely manner after control, resulting in some anomalies that cannot be completely resolved and the long-term operational stability of the equipment cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a water electrolysis hydrogen production device and method, which solves the problems of inaccurate parameter control, limited anomaly identification, lack of trend prediction, and lack of closed-loop control in existing technologies.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, comprising:

[0012] The hydrogen production reactor is located in the middle of the equipment. It is cylindrical in shape, with a liquid inlet and a gas outlet at the top and a drain outlet at the bottom. A heating component is fixedly installed inside.

[0013] A liquid storage tank is located on one side of the hydrogen production reactor, and a liquid replenishment port is provided on the top.

[0014] The pump body is arranged between the liquid storage tank and the hydrogen production reactor, and its input end is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank through a pipeline.

[0015] A filter assembly is connected in series in the liquid circuit between the pump body and the hydrogen production reactor. Its input end is connected to the output end of the pump body, and its output end is connected to the liquid inlet of the hydrogen production reactor through a pipe.

[0016] The heat dissipation assembly is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hydrogen production reactor and fits tightly against the outer wall of the reactor.

[0017] Control components, fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the equipment, include:

[0018] The data acquisition module is used to collect multi-dimensional operating parameters of the hydrogen production reactor, storage tank, pump body, filter components, heat dissipation components and surrounding environment in real time, and to perform noise reduction processing on the collected data.

[0019] The multidimensional data analysis module is used to perform quantitative analysis on the data processed by the data acquisition module from the dimensions of energy balance, material balance and component status, and trigger anomaly warnings in the corresponding dimensions.

[0020] The data integration module is used to receive the output of the multidimensional data analysis module, classify, verify the correlation of the analysis results of each dimension, and quantify them in a comprehensive manner to form a unified dataset that reflects the overall status of the hydrogen production process and trigger an overall status warning.

[0021] The comprehensive judgment module is used to assess the current state level, predict the future trend of key parameters, compare the deviation between the predicted value and the theoretical target value, and locate the root cause of the anomaly based on the unified dataset output by the data integration module.

[0022] The closed-loop correction module is used to generate and execute control commands for at least one of the heating components, heat dissipation components, pump body, exhaust valve, filter backwash valve or replenishment valve based on the abnormal root cause and deviation information output by the comprehensive judgment module, so as to correct the abnormality and bring the hydrogen production process back to a stable state.

[0023] Preferably, the parameters collected in real time by the data acquisition module include: the temperature and pressure inside the hydrogen production reactor, the hydrogen production flow rate, the feed liquid supply flow rate, the liquid level in the storage tank, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the filter component, the power of the heating component, the wind speed of the heat dissipation component, and the ambient temperature.

[0024] Preferably, the energy balance analysis performed by the multidimensional data analysis module includes: calculating the heat dissipation power, temperature change rate, and energy balance deviation of the hydrogen production reactor; when the energy balance deviation exceeds a set threshold, it is determined to be an energy balance anomaly and an early warning is triggered.

[0025] Preferably, the material balance analysis performed by the multidimensional data analysis module includes: calculating the theoretical raw material liquid flow rate based on the real-time hydrogen flow rate, comparing the theoretical flow rate with the actual flow rate, and determining that the material supply is abnormal and triggering an early warning when the deviation percentage exceeds a set threshold.

[0026] Preferably, the component status analysis performed by the multidimensional data analysis module includes: monitoring the real-time differential pressure and its rate of change of the filter component, determining the risk of blockage and triggering an early warning when the pressure exceeds a set threshold; monitoring the real-time liquid level of the storage tank, and triggering a corresponding early warning when the liquid level is lower than the minimum safe level or higher than the maximum safe level.

[0027] Preferably, the correlation verification performed by the data integration module includes: analyzing the causal transmission relationship between energy balance anomalies, material supply anomalies, and component status anomalies, and determining whether there is a cumulative effect of the anomalies.

[0028] Preferably, the data integration module calculates the energy balance dimension score, material balance dimension score, and component status dimension score by weighting to obtain a comprehensive integration index, and triggers different levels of overall status warnings based on the index score range.

[0029] Preferably, the comprehensive judgment module classifies the current state of the hydrogen production process into a stable state, a warning state, or a dangerous state based on the comprehensive integration index output by the data integration module; and uses a weighted exponential smoothing method to predict the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen production reactor within a future set time window.

[0030] Preferably, the closed-loop correction module generates control instructions based on the root cause of the anomaly. The control instructions include: adjusting the power of the heating component to correct the temperature deviation, adjusting the wind speed of the heat dissipation component to assist in heat dissipation, adjusting the operating frequency of the pump body to match the supply of raw material liquid, adjusting the opening of the exhaust valve to control the pressure inside the tank, controlling the filter backwash valve to backwash to clear the filter component blockage, or controlling the replenishment valve to replenish liquid to adjust the liquid level in the storage tank.

[0031] Preferably, a method for producing hydrogen using a water electrolysis hydrogen production device includes the following steps:

[0032] Start the equipment and use the pump to transport the raw liquid in the storage tank through the filter assembly to the hydrogen production reactor.

[0033] The heating components are controlled to heat the raw material liquid in the hydrogen production reactor to start and maintain the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction, and the generated hydrogen is discharged from the outlet.

[0034] The following closed-loop control process is executed through the control unit:

[0035] S1: Real-time acquisition of multi-dimensional parameters of equipment operation and environment, and noise reduction processing;

[0036] S2: Based on the processed data, quantitative analysis is performed from the dimensions of energy balance, material balance and component status to identify single-dimensional anomalies and trigger early warnings;

[0037] S3: Integrate the analysis results from various dimensions, perform correlation verification and comprehensive quantification, assess the overall status of the hydrogen production process, and trigger corresponding early warnings;

[0038] S4: Based on the overall status assessment results, predict the future trends of key parameters and locate the root cause of the status abnormality;

[0039] S5: Based on the identified root cause of the anomaly, generate and execute control instructions for the corresponding execution unit;

[0040] S6: After the control command is executed, data is collected again and steps S2 to S5 are repeated to verify the effect until the hydrogen production process reaches a stable state.

[0041] This invention provides a hydrogen production device and method via water electrolysis. It offers at least the following advantages:

[0042] 1. This invention integrates multi-dimensional data on energy, materials, and component states during the hydrogen production process, mines the intrinsic correlation of parameters and performs quantitative analysis, and achieves precise control of core reaction conditions, effectively maintaining the stability of parameters such as temperature and pressure, and ensuring the consistency of hydrogen production efficiency and the flexibility of adapting to operating conditions.

[0043] 2. This invention constructs a multi-dimensional correlation analysis system to sort out the causal transmission and superposition effects between various anomalies, accurately locate the core root cause of the anomaly, avoid misjudgment and omission of single-dimensional judgment, improve the efficiency of fault diagnosis and anomaly handling, and reduce equipment operation risks.

[0044] 3. This invention uses a weighted exponential smoothing method combined with real-time data and historical patterns to predict future trends in key parameters, forming a forward-looking state determination, anticipating abnormal risks in advance and proactively intervening to avoid hydrogen production interruptions caused by passive responses, thus ensuring the continuous and stable hydrogen production process.

[0045] 4. This invention establishes a complete closed-loop process of "collection-analysis-integration-judgment-regulation-verification", verifies the effect in real time after regulation, and repeatedly corrects any abnormalities that do not meet the standards, ensuring that the abnormalities are completely resolved and enhancing the stability and reliability of the equipment in long-term operation. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a top-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control component architecture process in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] The components include: 1. Hydrogen production reactor; 2. Heat dissipation assembly; 3. Liquid storage tank; 4. Liquid replenishment port; 5. Pump body; 6. Filter assembly; and 7. Control components. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 This invention provides a water electrolysis hydrogen production device and a hydrogen production method thereof, comprising:

[0053] The hydrogen production reaction tank 1, as the core reaction unit of the equipment, is located in the middle area of ​​the equipment and constitutes the main support structure of the equipment. The hydrogen production reaction tank 1 is cylindrical in shape, with a liquid inlet and a gas outlet at the top and a drain outlet at the bottom, thereby providing a closed reaction space for the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction. A heating component is fixedly installed inside the hydrogen production reaction tank 1 to provide the necessary activation energy for the hydrogen production reaction.

[0054] The liquid storage tank 3 is located on one side of the hydrogen production reactor 1 and is arranged adjacent to the hydrogen production reactor 1; the top of the liquid storage tank 3 is provided with a liquid replenishment port 4, which faces upward and protrudes from the upper surface of the liquid storage tank 3 to facilitate external liquid replenishment operations.

[0055] The pump body 5 is arranged in the area between the liquid storage tank 3 and the hydrogen production reactor 1; the input end of the pump body 5 is sealed and connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank 3 through a corrosion-resistant pipe, and its output end is fixedly connected to the input end of the filter assembly 6 through a pipe.

[0056] The filter assembly 6 is connected in series in the liquid circuit between the pump body 5 and the hydrogen production reactor 1, specifically located on the output side of the pump body 5; the output end of the filter assembly 6 is connected to the liquid inlet at the top of the hydrogen production reactor 1 through a pipe; both ends of the filter assembly 6 are sealed to the pipe through flanges or quick-connect structures, and the whole assembly is arranged compactly on the same side as the liquid storage tank 3 and the pump body 5, for purifying the liquid entering the reactor.

[0057] The heat dissipation component 2 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hydrogen production reactor 1 and extends along the axial direction of the hydrogen production reactor 1. The heat dissipation component 2 is closely fitted to the outer wall of the hydrogen production reactor 1, covering the key heat dissipation area of ​​the outer wall of the reactor body to ensure sufficient heat dissipation contact area and effectively dissipate excess heat generated during the reaction process.

[0058] Control component 7 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the equipment.

[0059] In this embodiment, the liquid (such as water or a specific electrolyte) in the storage tank 3 is drawn out by the pump body 5, first filtered and purified by the filter assembly 6, and then transported through the pipeline to the inlet at the top of the hydrogen production reactor 1 to enter the hydrogen production reactor 1; the heating assembly in the hydrogen production reactor 1 is activated to heat the liquid, thereby stimulating and accelerating the hydrolysis or electrochemical hydrogen production reaction to continuously produce hydrogen; the gaseous hydrogen generated by the reaction accumulates at the top of the hydrogen production reactor 1 and is discharged from the outlet; the waste liquid generated during the reaction or the residual liquid that needs to be cleaned during regular maintenance can be discharged from the drain outlet at the bottom of the tank; throughout the reaction process, the heat dissipation assembly 2 attached to the outer wall of the tank actively dissipates heat from the system to maintain the reaction system operating within a safe and stable temperature range.

[0060] It should be understood that in the field of hydrogen production technology by water electrolysis involved in this invention, the hydrogen production reactor 1 usually needs to have basic material inlet and outlet and energy supply units. Therefore, the top liquid inlet and gas outlet, bottom drain outlet and internal heating components provided in the hydrogen production reactor 1 in this embodiment are all conventional designs and commonly used technical means by those skilled in the art. These features themselves are not the innovation of this invention. Their specific structure, selection and arrangement can be conventionally adjusted according to actual engineering needs. The substantial improvement of this invention lies in the technical combination of the above-mentioned functional units, specifically including the hydrogen production reactor 1, the liquid storage tank 3, the pump body 5, the filter assembly 6, the heat dissipation assembly 2 and the control component 7, in terms of overall layout, connection relationship and cooperative working method, and the overall effect brought about by them in terms of safety, compactness and operating efficiency, rather than the conventional design of a single interface or component.

[0061] The control unit 7 uses an industrial-grade embedded controller as its core hardware platform, featuring multi-channel analog / digital signal input / output interfaces. It can efficiently adapt to peripherals such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow sensors, level sensors, differential pressure sensors, pump drivers, heating component controllers, and heat dissipation component drivers, meeting the real-time acquisition and high-response control requirements of multi-dimensional data in the hydrogen production process. The software system running on this hardware platform adopts a modular design, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a data acquisition module, a multi-dimensional data analysis module, a data integration module, a comprehensive judgment module, and a closed-loop correction module. These modules communicate through clearly defined data interfaces, forming a complete closed loop of acquisition, analysis, integration, judgment, and correction. This enables integrated management and control of stable hydrogen production reaction regulation, real-time safety monitoring, and precise material supply matching.

[0062] The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time raw data on the hydrogen production reactor 1, storage tank 3, pump body 5, filter assembly 6, heat dissipation assembly 2 and surrounding environment, including temperature, pressure, flow rate, liquid level, and pressure difference. Through moving average filtering and noise reduction processing, interference signals are eliminated, and an accurate and undisturbed effective data array is output.

[0063] In one specific embodiment, the data acquisition module is directly connected to physical sensors such as the PT100 temperature sensor, high-precision pressure transmitter, and mass flow meter, and processes the data according to an integrated "acquisition-denoising-output" process, as follows:

[0064] The real-time temperature inside the hydrogen production reactor 1 is collected by PT100 temperature sensors distributed at three points inside the reactor. The average value of the three points is taken during the collection, and the collection frequency is 0.5 seconds. The unit is degrees Celsius.

[0065] The real-time pressure inside the hydrogen production reactor 1 is collected by high-precision pressure transmitters arranged at two points at the top and middle. The average value of the two points is taken during the collection, and the collection frequency is 0.5 seconds. The unit is megapascals.

[0066] The real-time flow rate of hydrogen was collected using a mass flow meter at the outlet of hydrogen production reactor 1. The collection frequency was 1 second, and the unit was liters per hour.

[0067] The real-time flow rate of the raw material liquid is collected by the electromagnetic flow meter at the output end of pump body 5. The collection frequency is 1 second, and the unit is liters per hour.

[0068] The real-time liquid level inside the storage tank 3 is collected by a float level sensor at a frequency of 2 seconds, and the unit is meters.

[0069] The real-time differential pressure of filter component 6 is collected by differential pressure sensors at the inlet and outlet of the filter component. The collection frequency is 1 second, and the unit is megapascal.

[0070] The real-time power of the heating component of hydrogen production reactor 1 is collected by a power transmitter at a frequency of 1 second, and the unit is watts.

[0071] The real-time wind speed of the heat dissipation component 2 is collected by a wind speed sensor at a frequency of 1 second, in revolutions per minute.

[0072] The device collects the real-time temperature of the surrounding environment through an external ambient temperature sensor, with a sampling frequency of 5 seconds, and the unit is degrees Celsius.

[0073] The raw data was denoised using a moving average filter to prevent interference signals from affecting subsequent analysis. The filtering formula is as follows: Where N=10 is the size of the sliding window. This represents the acquisition period for the corresponding parameter. These are the original collected values. The data is the preprocessed valid data, where t is the current data acquisition time. The valid data is then directly output to the multidimensional data analysis module.

[0074] The multidimensional data analysis module, based on the accurate and effective data array output by the data acquisition module, identifies abnormal disturbances in the hydrogen production process through quantitative analysis and logical correlation mining in three dimensions: energy balance, material balance, and component status. This provides basic analytical material for the data integration module and triggers abnormal warnings in the corresponding dimensions.

[0075] In one specific embodiment, the multidimensional data analysis module receives the valid data output by the data acquisition module through a high-speed data bus, extracts key physical parameters, and performs multidimensional analysis, as follows:

[0076] The energy balance analysis includes: the analysis objective is to clarify the relationship between the temperature change inside the tank and the heating power and heat dissipation power, and to verify whether the energy is balanced, as follows:

[0077] Actual heat dissipation power of the heat dissipation component: ;in, The heat dissipation coefficient is S = 0.5m 2 This refers to the contact area between the heat dissipation component and the hydrogen production reactor. This refers to the real-time temperature inside the tank. Ambient temperature;

[0078] Rate of temperature change: ,in, =0.5s is the temperature acquisition cycle. The current temperature inside the tank. This refers to the temperature inside the tank during the previous data collection cycle.

[0079] Energy balance deviation: ;in, Real-time power of the heating components =0.8* The heat released during the reaction was determined by fitting historical hydrogen production reaction data and was set to 0.8 times the heating power. =4200J / (kg·℃) is the specific heat capacity of the reaction system. =50kg is the total mass of the reaction system;

[0080] Anomaly detection: When ΔE>500W, it is determined to be an energy balance anomaly, indicating an imbalance in the energy exchange between heating, heat dissipation and reaction exothermics, triggering an energy balance anomaly warning.

[0081] The material balance analysis includes the following: the analytical objective is to verify whether the feed liquid flow rate and hydrogen production conform to the stoichiometric relationship of the hydrolysis reaction; specifically as follows:

[0082] Theoretical feed liquid flow rate: ;in, This represents the real-time flow rate of hydrogen gas collected. =18 g / mol is the molar mass of water. =24.79 L / mol is the molar volume of hydrogen gas under standard conditions. =1000g / L is the density of water;

[0083] Material balance deviation: ,in, This refers to the real-time flow rate of the raw material liquid.

[0084] Anomaly detection: When When the level is greater than 5%, it is considered an abnormal material supply, indicating that the stoichiometric relationship between the supply of raw liquid and the hydrogen production is not matched, triggering an abnormal material supply warning.

[0085] The analysis of the component's state includes:

[0086] Filter assembly status determination: When the real-time differential pressure of the filter assembly is ≥0.1MPa (this value is the maximum allowable differential pressure of the filter assembly; exceeding this value can easily lead to obstruction of the flow of the raw material liquid), or the differential pressure change rate... When the pressure is ≥0.005MPa / min (ΔP is the real-time differential pressure of the filter component, and t is time), it is determined to be a risk of filter component blockage and triggers an abnormal warning for the filter component.

[0087] Liquid level determination in the storage tank: When the real-time liquid level in the storage tank is <0.5m (this value is the minimum safe liquid level in the storage tank; if it is lower, the pump may run dry), it is determined that the liquid level is too low, triggering a low liquid level warning; when the real-time liquid level in the storage tank is >1.0m (this value is the maximum safe liquid level in the storage tank; if it is higher, the liquid may overflow), it is determined that the liquid level is too high, triggering a high liquid level warning.

[0088] The multidimensional data analysis module outputs a combined array of single-dimensional analysis conclusions, quantified deviation values, and anomaly warning indicators, which is then transmitted to the data integration module.

[0089] The data integration module, based on the single-dimensional analysis conclusions, quantified deviation values, and anomaly warning indicators output by the multi-dimensional data analysis module, mines the causal relationships between anomalies through multi-dimensional correlation verification, comprehensive state quantification, conflict data resolution, and data normalization processing, forming a unified dataset reflecting the overall state of the hydrogen production process. This provides comprehensive and coherent analytical support for the comprehensive judgment module and triggers overall state warnings.

[0090] In one specific embodiment, the data integration module receives the combined array output by the multidimensional data analysis module via a high-speed data bus, extracts key information from each dimension, and performs comprehensive integration, as follows:

[0091] Basic data classification and integration: The analysis results from the three dimensions are classified and organized according to "reaction core status, material supply status, and component operation status," clarifying the anomaly types, quantitative deviations, and scope of impact for each dimension.

[0092] Core reaction status: includes energy balance analysis conclusions (normal / abnormal), ΔE value, and tank pressure change rate, which are directly related to the stability of core conditions for hydrogen production reaction and are simultaneously associated with energy balance abnormality warning indicators.

[0093] Material supply status: includes material balance analysis results (normal / abnormal). The numerical values ​​and the liquid level status of the storage tank are directly related to the matching degree between raw material supply and hydrogen production, and are also linked to abnormal material supply warnings and low / high liquid level warning indicators.

[0094] Component operating status: includes filter component status (normal / blockage risk), real-time airflow of heat dissipation component, and real-time power of heating component, directly related to the equipment component's ability to support the response, and synchronously related to filter component abnormality warning indicators.

[0095] Multi-dimensional correlation verification: Analyze the causal relationships between the three dimensions, verify whether there is a transmission or cumulative effect of anomalies, and form correlation analysis conclusions:

[0096] The relationship between energy balance anomalies and material supply: If the energy balance is determined to be "abnormal" and an energy balance anomaly warning is triggered, and the material balance is determined to be "abnormal" and a material supply anomaly warning is triggered, the deviation direction of the raw material liquid flow rate from the theoretical value is further verified. When the actual flow rate of the raw material liquid is less than the theoretical flow rate, it can be determined that "insufficient material supply leads to energy balance anomalies", thus clarifying the causal transmission relationship between the two.

[0097] Correlation between component status and energy / material balance: If the filter component is judged to be "blockage risk" and triggers the filter component abnormality warning, and the material balance is judged to be "abnormal" and the energy balance is judged to be "abnormal" at the same time, it can be determined that "the filter component blockage causes the raw material liquid to be obstructed, which in turn leads to the dual abnormality of material and energy", thus clarifying the superposition and transmission path of the abnormality;

[0098] Correlation between energy balance and component status: If the energy balance is determined to be "abnormal" and an energy balance abnormality warning is triggered, and the fan speed of the heat dissipation component is lower than 1000r / min (inefficient operation threshold), it can be determined that "inefficient operation of the heat dissipation component leads to abnormal energy balance", thus clarifying the influence of component status on core reaction conditions.

[0099] Comprehensive Integration Index Calculation: Construct a comprehensive integration index to quantify the combined impact of anomalies across three dimensions. The formula is as follows: .in:

[0100] Score for the energy balance dimension: 100 points for normal (ΔE≤500W), and 0 points for abnormal. =100−(ΔE−500) / 1000×50 (When ΔE>500W, deduct 50 points for every 1000W exceeding, with a minimum of 0 points). The score directly reflects the stability of the energy balance.

[0101] Material balance dimension score: Normal ( ≤5%) earns 100 points; exceptions are handled as follows: =100−( Calculate (−5)×10 For every 1% exceeding 5%, 10 points will be deducted, with a minimum of 0 points. The score directly reflects the degree of matching between material supply and hydrogen production.

[0102] Scoring is based on the component status dimension: 100 points for normal filter components and normal liquid level, 30 points for filter component clogging risk, and 20 points each for liquid level that is too low or too high. The minimum score after the deductions is 0 points. The score directly reflects the operational effectiveness of key components.

[0103] Comprehensive Integration Index The score ranges from 0 to 100. The lower the score, the worse the overall condition. Corresponding warnings are triggered according to the score: no warning for scores of 80 and above, an overall condition warning for scores of 60-79, and an overall condition danger warning for scores of 59 and below.

[0104] Conflict data resolution:

[0105] When logical conflicts occur in the correlation analysis between dimensions (such as abnormal energy balance triggering an alert, but normal material supply and component status without an alert), the core abnormal conclusion is retained according to the "abnormal impact priority" (abnormal energy balance > abnormal material supply > abnormal component status), and "no correlation abnormality" is marked at the same time.

[0106] The data integration module outputs a unified dataset including categorized and integrated data, correlation analysis conclusions, comprehensive integration index, and overall early warning indicators, which is then transmitted to the comprehensive judgment module.

[0107] The comprehensive judgment module, based on the unified dataset (including classified and integrated data, correlation analysis conclusions, comprehensive integration index, and overall early warning indicators) output by the data integration module, clarifies the operating status and control direction of the hydrogen production process through current status level assessment, key parameter trend prediction, comparison of predicted and theoretical values, and precise location of the root cause of anomalies. This provides accurate decision-making basis for the closed-loop correction module and outputs the final status level early warning.

[0108] In one specific embodiment, the comprehensive judgment module receives the unified dataset output by the data integration module through a high-speed data bus, extracts core information, and performs a full-process judgment, as follows:

[0109] Current status assessment:

[0110] Comprehensive integration index based on the output of the data integration module The current status level of the hydrogen production process is determined, and the corresponding level classifications and early warnings are as follows:

[0111] steady state: A score of ≥80 indicates that there are no significant abnormalities in the hydrogen production process, and that all dimensions are correlated and coordinated, resulting in the output of a "stateless warning".

[0112] Warning status: 60≤ A score of <80 indicates the presence of local or single-dimensional anomalies without significant cumulative effects, and a "status warning" is output.

[0113] Dangerous situation: A score of <60 indicates the presence of multiple overlapping anomalies or a severe anomaly in the core dimension, which may affect equipment safety or hydrogen production efficiency, and will trigger a "dangerous status warning".

[0114] Future Trend Prediction: Predicting the next 5 minutes ( =300s, The key parameters within the prediction time window are as follows:

[0115] Tank internal temperature prediction: ;in, =0.7 is the smoothing coefficient. This is the temperature forecast value from the previous period, used to balance the weights of current data and historical forecast data. =0.8 is the temperature trend correction coefficient, which is obtained by fitting historical temperature change trends;

[0116] Tank pressure prediction: ;in, The pressure inside the tank at the current moment. This is the predicted pressure value from the previous period. =0.9 is the pressure trend correction coefficient, which is derived based on fitting historical pressure change trends. This represents the rate of change of pressure.

[0117] Deviation Comparison and Root Cause Analysis:

[0118] Theoretical value setting: target reaction temperature inside the tank =80℃, determined based on experimental data showing optimal efficiency of the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction, the target pressure inside the tank. =0.3MPa, determined based on the balance between safe operation of the equipment and hydrogen production efficiency;

[0119] Deviation calculation: Temperature deviation: =∣ |×100%, Pressure Deviation: The deviation value directly reflects the degree of deviation between the predicted state and the ideal state;

[0120] Root cause analysis: Based on the correlation analysis conclusions of the data integration module, accurately locate the root cause of the anomaly. If the correlation analysis conclusion is "filter component blockage causes material-energy dual anomalies", then the core root cause is "filter component blockage"; if the correlation analysis conclusion is "inefficient heat dissipation component leads to energy balance anomalies", then the core root cause is "insufficient airflow of heat dissipation component"; if the correlation analysis conclusion is "insufficient material supply leads to energy balance anomalies", then the core root cause is "pump flow rate regulation deviation"; if it is "no correlation anomaly", then directly locate the root cause based on the core anomaly dimension (e.g., if there is no correlation for energy balance anomalies, the root cause is "heating power control deviation" or "heat dissipation component failure").

[0121] The comprehensive judgment module outputs a combination of information including the state level, predicted parameter value, deviation value, correlation analysis conclusion, root cause analysis conclusion, and final warning indicator, which is then transmitted to the closed-loop correction module.

[0122] Based on the combined information output by the comprehensive judgment module, the closed-loop correction module formulates a targeted control scheme for the execution components according to the principle of "safety first, hierarchical control". It corrects anomalies through quantitative parameter calculation and precise action output, promotes the hydrogen production process to return to a stable state, and at the same time feeds back the control execution results.

[0123] In one specific embodiment, the closed-loop correction module receives the combined information output by the comprehensive judgment module via a high-speed data bus, extracts the root cause analysis conclusions and deviation values, and performs closed-loop control, as follows:

[0124] Heating component control:

[0125] The root cause analysis concluded that "temperature is too high / energy balance is abnormal / heating power control is incorrect." The control objective is to bring the predicted temperature inside the vessel back to the target reaction temperature. The control formula is: ;in, The adjusted heating power, The heating power before adjustment, =500W / 1% is the temperature proportional control coefficient, meaning that for every 1% increase in temperature deviation, the heating power decreases by 500W. Constraints: The heating power must be between 0 and 5000W, with 5000W being the maximum rated power of the heating element to avoid overload damage.

[0126] Heat dissipation component control:

[0127] The root cause analysis concluded that "temperature is too high / heat dissipation power is insufficient / heat dissipation component airflow is insufficient." The control objective is to improve heat dissipation efficiency and help the temperature return to the target value. The control formula is: ;in, The adjusted fan speed of the heat dissipation components. The wind speed of the heat dissipation component before adjustment is 0.2, which is the wind speed adjustment coefficient, determined based on the linear relationship between heat dissipation power and wind speed. Constraints: The wind speed must be between 500 and 3000 revolutions per minute (500 revolutions per minute is the minimum effective heat dissipation wind speed, and 3000 revolutions per minute is the maximum safe wind speed of the heat dissipation component).

[0128] Pump body adjustment:

[0129] The root cause analysis concluded that "material supply is abnormal / pump flow rate regulation is incorrect / material supply is insufficient." The control objective is to match the feed liquid flow rate with the stoichiometric requirements of hydrogen production. The control formula is: ;in, The adjusted pump operating frequency, The pump operating frequency before adjustment. =0.5Hz / (L⋅h -1 ) is the flow ratio control coefficient (i.e., for every 1 liter / hour difference between the actual flow rate and the theoretical flow rate of the raw material liquid, the pump frequency is adjusted by 0.5 Hz); constraint condition: the pump operating frequency must be between 10 and 50 Hz (this range is the frequency range for stable operation of the pump, to avoid insufficient flow due to too low a frequency or equipment vibration due to too high a frequency).

[0130] Exhaust valve control:

[0131] The root cause analysis concluded that "pressure is too high / venting is not smooth," and the control objective is to quickly reduce the tank pressure to a safe range. The control formula is: ;in, The adjusted exhaust valve opening, The opening degree of the exhaust valve before adjustment. =200% / MPa is the pressure opening adjustment coefficient (that is, for every 1 MPa that the pressure exceeds the target value, the opening of the exhaust valve increases by 200%; constraint: the opening of the exhaust valve must be between 0 and 100% (0% is fully closed, 100% is fully open, to ensure effective pressure regulation).

[0132] Filter backwash valve control:

[0133] Based on the root cause analysis conclusion of "filter assembly clogging / filter assembly clogging risk," the control objective is to remove impurities from the filter media and reduce flow resistance. The control action is to initiate backwashing: the backwash flow rate is set to 0.5 times the actual feed liquid flow rate (ensuring sufficient backwash pressure to remove impurities without damaging the assembly), and the backwash time is set to 60 seconds (determined based on the minimum effective time required for filter media cleaning). The stop condition is: when the filter assembly pressure differential ≤ 0.05 MPa (the standard pressure differential after filter media cleaning), backwashing is stopped, and normal feed liquid supply is restored.

[0134] Fluid replenishment valve adjustment:

[0135] The root cause analysis concluded that "the liquid level in the storage tank is too low." The control objective is to raise the liquid level in the storage tank to the target value. The control action is to initiate liquid replenishment: the replenishment flow rate is set to 10 liters per hour (to balance replenishment efficiency and the rate of liquid level rise, avoiding overflow). The stopping condition is to stop replenishment when the liquid level in the storage tank reaches 0.8m (the target liquid level in the storage tank).

[0136] Closed-loop verification: After the control action is executed, the data acquisition module is triggered to re-acquire key parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, and liquid level inside the tank after a 10-second interval. The acquired data is analyzed by the multi-dimensional data analysis module, integrated by the data integration module, and judged by the comprehensive judgment module. If the judgment result is "stable state" and the temperature deviation is within acceptable limits, the verification is successful. ≤5%, pressure deviation ≤5%, material balance deviation If the deviation is ≤5%, the current control parameters are maintained and the control results are recorded; if a stable state is not reached or the deviation exceeds the limit, the above control process is repeated based on the new judgment results until the hydrogen production process meets the stability requirements.

[0137] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water electrolysis hydrogen production device, characterized in that, include: Hydrogen production reactor (1) is located in the middle of the equipment. It is cylindrical in shape, with a liquid inlet and a gas outlet at the top and a drain outlet at the bottom. A heating component is fixedly installed inside. A liquid storage tank (3) is located on one side of the hydrogen production reactor (1), and a liquid replenishment port (4) is provided on the top. The pump body (5) is arranged between the liquid storage tank (3) and the hydrogen production reactor (1), and its input end is connected to the liquid outlet of the liquid storage tank (3) through a pipeline; A filter assembly (6) is connected in series in the liquid circuit between the pump body (5) and the hydrogen production reactor (1). Its input end is connected to the output end of the pump body (5), and its output end is connected to the liquid inlet of the hydrogen production reactor (1) through a pipe. The heat dissipation component (2) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the hydrogen production reactor (1) and is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the reactor. Control component (7), fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the equipment, includes: The data acquisition module is used to collect multi-dimensional operating parameters of the hydrogen production reactor (1), storage tank (3), pump body (5), filter assembly (6), heat dissipation assembly (2) and surrounding environment in real time, and to perform noise reduction processing on the collected data; The multidimensional data analysis module is used to perform quantitative analysis on the data processed by the data acquisition module from the dimensions of energy balance, material balance and component status, and trigger anomaly warnings in the corresponding dimensions. The data integration module is used to receive the output of the multidimensional data analysis module, classify, verify the correlation of the analysis results of each dimension, and quantify them in a comprehensive manner to form a unified dataset that reflects the overall status of the hydrogen production process and trigger an overall status warning. The comprehensive judgment module is used to assess the current state level, predict the future trend of key parameters, compare the deviation between the predicted value and the theoretical target value, and locate the root cause of the anomaly based on the unified dataset output by the data integration module. The closed-loop correction module is used to generate and execute control commands for at least one of the heating components, heat dissipation components, pump body, exhaust valve, filter backwash valve or replenishment valve based on the abnormal root cause and deviation information output by the comprehensive judgment module, so as to correct the abnormality and bring the hydrogen production process back to a stable state.

2. The hydrogen production equipment by water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parameters collected in real time by the data acquisition module include: the temperature and pressure inside the hydrogen production reactor (1), the hydrogen production flow rate, the raw material liquid supply flow rate, the liquid level of the storage tank (3), the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the filter assembly (6), the power of the heating assembly, the wind speed of the heat dissipation assembly (2), and the ambient temperature.

3. The hydrogen production equipment by water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy balance analysis performed by the multidimensional data analysis module includes: calculating the heat dissipation power, temperature change rate and energy balance deviation of the hydrogen production reactor (1); when the energy balance deviation exceeds the set threshold, it is determined to be an energy balance abnormality and an early warning is triggered.

4. The hydrogen production equipment by water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material balance analysis performed by the multidimensional data analysis module includes: calculating the theoretical raw material liquid flow rate based on the real-time hydrogen flow rate, comparing the theoretical flow rate with the actual flow rate, and determining that the material supply is abnormal and triggering an early warning when the deviation percentage exceeds a set threshold.

5. The hydrogen production equipment by water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The component status analysis performed by the multidimensional data analysis module includes: monitoring the real-time differential pressure and its rate of change of the filter component (6), determining the risk of blockage and triggering an early warning when the pressure exceeds the set threshold; monitoring the real-time liquid level of the storage tank (3), and triggering a corresponding early warning when the liquid level is lower than the minimum safe level or higher than the maximum safe level.

6. The hydrogen production equipment by water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The correlation verification performed by the data integration module includes: analyzing the causal transmission relationship between energy balance anomalies, material supply anomalies, and component status anomalies, and determining whether there is a cumulative effect of the anomalies.

7. The hydrogen production equipment by water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data integration module calculates a comprehensive integration index by weighting the scores of the energy balance dimension, the material balance dimension, and the component status dimension, and triggers different levels of overall status warnings based on the score range of this index.

8. The hydrogen production equipment by water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comprehensive judgment module classifies the current state of the hydrogen production process into a stable state, a warning state, or a dangerous state based on the comprehensive integration index output by the data integration module; and uses the weighted index smoothing method to predict the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen production reactor (1) within a future set time window.

9. A water electrolysis hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The closed-loop correction module generates control instructions based on the root cause of the abnormality. The control instructions include: adjusting the power of the heating component to correct the temperature deviation, adjusting the wind speed of the heat dissipation component (2) to assist in heat dissipation, adjusting the operating frequency of the pump body (5) to match the raw material liquid supply, adjusting the opening of the exhaust valve to control the pressure inside the tank, controlling the filter backwash valve to backwash to remove the blockage of the filter component (6), or controlling the replenishment valve to replenish the liquid to adjust the liquid level of the storage tank (3).

10. A method for producing hydrogen using a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, applied to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Start the equipment and pump the raw material liquid in the storage tank (3) through the filter assembly (6) to the hydrogen production reactor (1) via the pump body (5). The heating components are controlled to heat the raw material liquid in the hydrogen production reactor (1) to start and maintain the hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction, and the generated hydrogen is discharged from the outlet. The following closed-loop control process is executed through the control unit (7): S1: Real-time acquisition of multi-dimensional parameters of equipment operation and environment, and noise reduction processing; S2: Based on the processed data, quantitative analysis is performed from the dimensions of energy balance, material balance and component status to identify single-dimensional anomalies and trigger early warnings; S3: Integrate the analysis results from various dimensions, perform correlation verification and comprehensive quantification, assess the overall status of the hydrogen production process, and trigger corresponding early warnings; S4: Based on the overall status assessment results, predict the future trends of key parameters and locate the root cause of the status abnormality; S5: Based on the identified root cause of the anomaly, generate and execute control instructions for the corresponding execution unit; S6: After the control command is executed, data is collected again and steps S2 to S5 are repeated to verify the effect until the hydrogen production process reaches a stable state.

Images