Bacteriostatic and antiviral electric power textile and integrated manufacturing method thereof
By using electro-textiles with a layered conformal structure, combined with interfacial electrostatic breakdown and electrochemical energy release, the technical bottlenecks of existing antibacterial textiles and triboelectric nano-powered textiles have been solved. This has achieved synergistic enhancement of self-powered and antibacterial/antiviral functions, and has high efficiency inactivation and excellent washability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- YUNGUANG TECH (SHENZHEN) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
Smart Images
Figure CN122215218A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional textiles, and in particular to an antibacterial and antiviral power textile and its integrated manufacturing method. Background Technology
[0002] With the increasing demands for public health and safety and the rapid development of wearable technology, textiles that combine protective functions with intelligent sensing have become a research hotspot. However, existing technologies still face many technical bottlenecks. 1. Existing antibacterial textiles mostly use chemical antibacterial agents, which have problems such as uncontrollable slow release, easy washing and removal, and inducing bacterial resistance with long-term use. After 20 standard washes, the antibacterial performance generally decreases by more than 30%. Inorganic antibacterial agents such as nano silver have the risk of ion migration and biotoxicity. Natural antibacterial agents have defects such as poor adhesion, weak wash resistance, and easy inactivation. Moreover, most products have a virus inactivation log removal rate of less than 2.0 log, which cannot achieve broad-spectrum and efficient inactivation of bacteria and viruses.
[0003] 2. Existing triboelectric nanofiber power textiles suffer from problems such as low output power, poor structural stability, weak bonding with fabrics, and insufficient washability. Under everyday wear conditions, the output power is generally below 0.2 W·m. - ²·Hz - ¹, and only focuses on the energy harvesting function, without synergizing the power generation output with the antibacterial and antiviral functions, thus failing to utilize the power generation performance to achieve enhanced physical inactivation efficiency.
[0004] 3. Existing health monitoring wearable devices mostly rely on external batteries for power, which has problems such as short battery life, poor flexibility, and low integration with textiles. Most products have an overall thickness of more than 2mm, making it impossible to achieve integrated self-powering and protective functions, and thus failing to meet the needs of long-term multi-scenario wearable applications.
[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention proposes a dual-effect antibacterial and antiviral mechanism involving interfacial electrostatic breakdown and synergistic electrochemical energy release, and develops a layered conformal structure for electric textiles to solve the pain points of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention
[0006] In view of this, the present invention addresses the deficiencies of the existing technology, and its main objective is to provide an antibacterial and antiviral electric textile and its integrated manufacturing method, which achieves synergistic effect of self-powered output and antibacterial and antiviral functions, and has washability.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An antibacterial and antiviral electric textile is provided. The textile is composed of a first fiber layer, a second conductive layer and a third functional layer stacked and conformally arranged in the same plane. The layers cooperate to form a contact-separated triboelectric power generation circuit, realizing the synergistic antibacterial and antiviral effect of interface electrostatic breakdown and electrochemical energy release. The first fiber layer is a polylactic acid / nylon 6 / cotton blended non-conductive fabric, which serves as a triboelectric matrix layer and a fabric support skeleton. The second conductive layer is a single silver-graphene coaxial coated nylon continuous filament, which serves as the current collecting electrode for triboelectric power generation, the high-voltage output terminal for interfacial electrostatic breakdown, and the working electrode for electrochemical energy release. The third functional layer is a chitosan-metal-organic framework-natural functional material composite coating, which is uniformly coated on the surface of the first fiber layer and the second conductive layer, forming an electrical connection with the second conductive layer, and serving as an active site carrier for electrochemical energy release.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the total thickness of the textile is 0.55-0.75 mm; The thickness of the first fiber layer is 0.45-0.65 mm, the porosity is 60-70%, and the weaving density is 100-130 fibers / 10 cm; The diameter of the monofilament in the second conductive layer is 0.09-0.11 mm, the resistivity is 5-8 mΩ·cm, and the exposed height relative to the first fiber layer is 0.2-0.4 mm. The dry film thickness of the third functional layer is 80-120 nm, and the areal density is 1.8-2.2 mg / cm². The third functional layer comprises, by weight percentage: Chitosan 4.5-5.5%, molecular weight 90-110kDa; Nano-metal oxides, 0.35-0.45%, particle size 15-20 nm; Cu-BTC MOF 0.15-0.25%, particle size 200-400nm; Natural functional materials: 0.6-0.8%.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the silver-graphene coaxial coating in the second conductive layer is defined by the following physical dimensions and performance parameters: Silver layer: thickness 90-110nm, average grain size 15-25nm; Graphene layer: Single layer thickness 0.34-0.40 nm, interlayer coverage 92-98%; Coaxial interface: The lateral bonding force between the silver layer and the graphene layer is 0.45-0.70 J / m², and the interfacial contact resistance is 0.5-1.0 mΩ·cm². The comprehensive electrical parameters of the monofilament are as follows: axial resistivity 5-8 mΩ·cm, elongation at break 18-22%, tensile modulus 2.8-3.3 GPa, and resistivity change rate 1-5% under dynamic cyclic stretching within the range of 30-70% relative elongation.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the nano-metal oxide is one or more of nano-zinc oxide, nano-titanium dioxide, and nano-copper oxide; The BET specific surface area of Cu-BTC MOF is 1200-1500 m² / g, the pore size is 0.7-0.9 nm, and the mass ratio of Cu-BTC MOF to nano-metal oxide is 1.5-2.0:1. The natural functional materials are one or more of the following: hesperidin, tea polyphenols, eucalyptol, 3-hydroxyflavone, ellagic acid, apple polyphenols, and Sophora tonkinensis root extract.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the third functional layer comprises 0.08-0.12 wt% zinc oxide nanorods with an aspect ratio of 8-12:1.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the textile has an air permeability of 640-660 mm / s and a moisture permeability of 225-235 g·m². -2 ·h -1 Tensile strength reaches 48-52MPa, and bending stiffness reaches 0.3-0.7cN·cm.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment, under the operating conditions of a human arm swing frequency of 0.8-1.2Hz and a swing amplitude of 45-55cm, the output electrical power of the textile is 0.42-0.48W·m. -2 ·Hz -1 The pulse high voltage is 5.8-6.2kV, the output charge is 105-115nC / cycle, and the current density is 8-12μA / cm². The textiles exhibited a log removal rate of 5.0-5.3 log for Staphylococcus aureus and a log removal rate of 5.0-5.3 log for MS2 bacteriophage antiviral activity.
[0014] As a preferred embodiment, after the textile is washed 20 times according to the GB / T 8629-2017 4A procedure, the charge retention rate is 96-98%, the antibacterial performance decreases by 2-4%, and the antiviral performance decreases by 2-4%.
[0015] An integrated manufacturing method for antibacterial and antiviral power textiles, the integrated manufacturing method comprising the following steps: a) Sol preparation: Chitosan, nano-metal oxides, Cu-BTC MOF, and natural functional materials are dispersed in a lactic acid-ethanol-water ternary solvent at a volume ratio of 20-25:15-20:55-65, pH 4.8-5.2, and solid content of 1.5-2.5 wt%. b) Two dips and two rolls: 75-85% of the liquid was rolled, dried at 75-85℃ for 4-6 minutes, and baked at 155-165℃ for 1.5-2.5 minutes. c) Weaving embedding: The conductive filaments are embedded into the matrix with a warp density of 24-26 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 18-22 threads / 10cm, with a float length of 2.5-3.5mm; d) Heat setting: Set the heat at 235-245℃ for 15-25 seconds to allow the functional layer to form a covalent bond with the substrate.
[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the sol in step a) comprises 0.15-0.25 wt% of silane coupling agent KH-570 and 0.03-0.05 wt% of trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects. Specifically, as can be seen from the above technical solution: 1. By simultaneously combining interfacial electrostatic breakdown physical inactivation and electrochemical energy release chemical inactivation to form a positive feedback synergistic effect, a broad-spectrum and highly efficient inactivation of bacteria and viruses can be achieved with an inactivation rate of ≥99.99%, thus solving the pain points of existing antibacterial textiles, such as single function, low efficiency, and poor long-term effectiveness. 2. The three-layer design structure can simultaneously achieve stable self-powered power generation, efficient antibacterial and antiviral effects, and excellent air permeability, moisture permeability, and mechanical properties, thereby increasing the antibacterial and antiviral effects; 3. It has excellent long-lasting effect and washability. The silver-graphene coaxial coating structure and covalently bonded functional coating ensure that the electrical properties and antibacterial and antiviral properties of textiles decrease by ≤4% after 20 standard washes, and the service life is better than existing similar products. 4. The manufacturing process of this invention can be realized based on existing textile dyeing and finishing equipment. The process is simple, the parameters are controllable, the cost is controllable, and it is feasible for large-scale mass production.
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the structural features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the antibacterial and antiviral mechanism of action according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a flowchart of an integrated textile manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-layer structure of a textile according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a characterization diagram of the synergistic antibacterial and antiviral effects of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a comparative graph showing the antibacterial performance test of Staphylococcus aureus according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a comparative graph showing the antiviral performance test of MS2 bacteriophage according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, it illustrates the specific structure of an antibacterial and antiviral electrical textile with interfacial electrostatic breakdown synergistic electrochemical energy release provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
[0021] This antibacterial and antiviral electric textile is composed of a first fiber layer, a second conductive layer, and a third functional layer stacked and conformally arranged in the same plane. The layers work together to form a contact-separated triboelectric power generation circuit, achieving a synergistic antibacterial and antiviral effect of interfacial electrostatic breakdown and electrochemical energy release. The total thickness of the textile is 0.55-0.75 mm.
[0022] The first fiber layer is a polylactic acid / nylon 6 / cotton blended non-conductive fabric, which serves as the triboelectric matrix layer and fabric support skeleton of the textile.
[0023] The design principle of the first fiber layer: Polylactic acid possesses excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and triboelectricity; Nylon 6 provides excellent mechanical strength and dimensional stability; cotton fiber ensures skin-friendliness and moisture absorption / breathability; the blending of these three fibers balances triboelectric power generation performance, comfort, and mechanical properties; the design of porosity and weave density ensures both the breathability and moisture permeability of the fabric and provides sufficient contact interface for triboelectric generation, while avoiding the problems of excessively high porosity leading to decreased mechanical properties and excessively low porosity leading to insufficient breathability. The first fiber layer and the embedded second conductive layer form the core structure of the contact-separation triboelectric power generation circuit. When the human body moves, the fabric comes into contact with and separates from the contact medium, accumulating triboelectric charges on the surface of the first fiber layer, forming a potential difference with the second conductive layer, providing an energy source for electrostatic breakdown and electrochemical energy release.
[0024] The core parameters and design principles of the first fiber layer are as follows: Thickness 0.45-0.65 mm, preferably 0.50-0.60 mm; Porosity 60-70%, preferably 63-67%; The weaving density is 100-130 threads / 10cm, preferably 110-120 threads / 10cm; The blending ratio, by weight percentage, is 30-40% polylactic acid, 25-35% nylon 6, and 30-40% cotton, with a preferred ratio of 35% polylactic acid, 30% nylon 6, and 35% cotton. It adopts a plain weave technique, and both the warp and weft yarns are blended short fiber yarns.
[0025] The second conductive layer is a single silver-graphene coaxial coated nylon continuous filament, which serves as the current collector electrode for triboelectric power generation, the high-voltage output terminal for interface electrostatic breakdown, and the working electrode for electrochemical energy release. The embedded arrangement ensures uniform power generation output without blind spots, while the exposed structure ensures stable output of high-voltage pulses. It forms an electrical connection with the surface-coated third functional layer, providing a driving electric field for electrochemical energy release and realizing the synergy of triboelectric power generation and antibacterial and antiviral functions.
[0026] The core parameters and design principles of the second conductive layer are as follows: The diameter of the single filament is 0.09-0.11 mm, preferably 0.10 mm; Axial resistivity is 5-8 mΩ·cm, preferably 6-7 mΩ·cm; The exposed height relative to the first fiber layer is 0.2-0.4 mm, preferably 0.3 mm; Metallic silver layer: thickness 90-110nm, preferably 100nm; The average grain size is 15-25nm, preferably 20nm; as the core conductive layer, it ensures low resistivity and high charge transport efficiency. Graphene layer: Single layer thickness 0.34-0.40nm, preferably 0.35nm; The interlayer coverage is 92-98%, preferably 94-96%; as a dense protective layer, it isolates oxygen and water vapor, avoids silver layer oxidation, sulfidation and wear, and at the same time inhibits the disordered migration of silver ions, reducing the risk of biotoxicity. Coaxial interface: The lateral bonding force between the silver layer and the graphene layer is 0.45-0.70 J / m², preferably 0.55-0.65 J / m², and is tested using a nano-scratch tester with a test load of 0-100 mN and a loading rate of 100 mN / min. The interfacial contact resistance is 0.5-1.0 mΩ·cm², preferably 0.6-0.8 mΩ·cm², and is tested using the transmission line method at an ambient temperature of 25℃ and a relative humidity of 50%. The strong interfacial adhesion ensures that the coating does not fall off during bending, stretching, and washing, while the low interfacial contact resistance ensures the stability of electrical performance. Comprehensive mechanical and electrical parameters of monofilament: axial resistivity 5-8 mΩ·cm, elongation at break 18-22%, preferably 20%; The tensile modulus is 2.8-3.3 GPa, preferably 3.0-3.2 GPa; The resistance change rate is 1-5% within the range of 30-70% relative elongation, preferably 2-4%; it adapts to the bending and stretching deformation requirements of textiles and ensures the stability of electrical performance during wear.
[0027] The third functional layer is a chitosan-metal-organic framework-natural functional material composite coating, uniformly coated on the surfaces of the first fiber layer and the second conductive layer, forming an electrical connection with the second conductive layer, serving as a carrier of active sites for electrochemical energy release. This third functional layer acts as the core carrier for antibacterial and antiviral functions, while also synergistically enhancing triboelectric performance. The electrical connection with the second conductive layer ensures that the electrical energy output from triboelectric generation can drive the controlled and sustained release of active ingredients and the in-situ generation of reactive oxygen species. Simultaneously, the micro-nano structure of the coating enhances the charge density at the triboelectric interface, further improving power generation output and synergistic inactivation efficiency.
[0028] The core parameters and design principles of the third functional layer are as follows: The dry film thickness is 80-120 nm, preferably 90-110 nm; The areal density is 1.8-2.2 mg / cm², preferably 1.9-2.1 mg / cm²; The core components, by weight percentage, are as follows: Chitosan 4.5-5.5%, preferably 5.0%; molecular weight 90-110kDa, preferably 100kDa; as a film-forming matrix, it has broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and excellent biocompatibility, and can form covalent bonds with fabric fibers to improve the adhesion and washability of the coating; chitosan in this molecular weight range has the best film-forming properties, ensuring that the film layer is dense and non-brittle while having excellent dispersion carrier properties; The nano-metal oxide comprises 0.35-0.45%, preferably 0.4%; the particle size is 15-20 nm, preferably 17-19 nm; the nano-metal oxide is one or more of nano-zinc oxide, nano-titanium dioxide, and nano-copper oxide; it has photocatalytic antibacterial properties, can generate active oxygen under natural light, and can enhance the charge density of the friction interface and improve power generation output; this particle size range has a large specific surface area, excellent dispersibility, and high antibacterial activity; Cu-BTC MOF 0.15-0.25%, preferably 0.2%; particle size 200-400 nm, preferably 250-350 nm; BET specific surface area of Cu-BTCMOF 1200-1500 m² / g, preferably 1300-1400 m² / g; pore size 0.7-0.9 nm, preferably 0.8 nm; The mass ratio of Cu-BTC MOF to nano-metal oxide is 1.5-2.0:1, preferably 1.8:1; the porous framework structure enables the loading and controlled release of natural functional materials and metal ions, avoiding rapid loss of active ingredients; the Cu in the framework 2+ It possesses excellent antibacterial and antiviral properties and can form a synergistic effect with nano-metal oxides; the specific surface area and pore size design not only ensures the loading capacity but also achieves long-term sustained release of active ingredients. Natural functional materials: 0.6-0.8%, preferably 0.7%; natural functional materials are one or more of hesperidin, tea polyphenols, guarin, 3-hydroxyflavone, ellagic acid, apple polyphenols, and Sophora tonkinensis root extract; naturally derived antibacterial and antiviral active ingredients have the advantages of good biocompatibility, no skin irritation, no risk of drug resistance, and can form a broad-spectrum synergistic inactivation effect with inorganic antibacterial ingredients; Optional optimized components: zinc oxide nanorods 0.08-0.12wt%, preferably 0.10wt%; aspect ratio 8-12:1, preferably 10:1; on the one hand, it can increase the micro-nano roughness of the coating surface, improve the charge density of triboelectric charging and power generation output; on the other hand, it can destroy the bacterial cell membrane through physical puncture effect, thereby improving the antibacterial and inactivation efficiency. Auxiliary agents: silane coupling agent KH-570 0.15-0.25 wt%, trimethylolpropane triacrylate 0.03-0.05 wt%; the silane coupling agent enhances the interfacial bonding between the coating and the fabric fibers, while the trimethylolpropane triacrylate acts as a crosslinking agent to improve the crosslinking density and washability of the film.
[0029] Integrated Manufacturing Method for Textiles: This invention also provides an integrated manufacturing method for the aforementioned antibacterial and antiviral electric textiles. This method and the product technical solution belong to the same inventive concept, can be implemented based on existing textile dyeing and finishing equipment, has a controllable process, and is suitable for large-scale mass production. The textiles of this invention adopt an integrated manufacturing method, which sequentially includes four core steps: sol preparation, two-dip and two-paste finishing, conductive filament weaving and embedding, and heat setting. Specifically, it includes the following steps in sequence: a) Sol preparation: Chitosan, nano-metal oxides, Cu-BTC MOF, and natural functional materials are dispersed in a lactic acid-ethanol-water ternary solvent at a volume ratio of 20-25:15-20:55-65, pH 4.8-5.2, and solid content of 1.5-2.5 wt%. b) Two dips and two rolls: 75-85% of the liquid was rolled, dried at 75-85℃ for 4-6 minutes, and baked at 155-165℃ for 1.5-2.5 minutes. c) Weaving embedding: The conductive filaments are embedded into the matrix with a warp density of 24-26 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 18-22 threads / 10cm, with a float length of 2.5-3.5mm; d) Heat setting: Set the heat at 235-245℃ for 15-25 seconds to allow the functional layer to form a covalent bond with the substrate.
[0030] The sol in step a) contains 0.15-0.25 wt% silane coupling agent KH-570 and 0.03-0.05 wt% trimethylolpropane triacrylate.
[0031] The detailed process parameters and operations of this integrated manufacturing method are as follows: Step a) Preparation of functional sol (1) Solvent system: A ternary solvent of lactic acid-ethanol-water is used, with a volume ratio of 20-25:15-20:55-65, preferably 22:18:60; the pH of the system is adjusted to 4.8-5.2, preferably 5.0; the solid content of the system is controlled to 1.5-2.5 wt%, preferably 2.0 wt%; (2) Preparation process: First, add lactic acid to deionized water, stir evenly, adjust the pH to the target value, add chitosan, stir at room temperature for 2-3 h until completely dissolved; add silane coupling agent KH-570, stir for 30 min to complete pre-hydrolysis; add nano metal oxide, Cu-BTC MOF, natural functional materials, zinc oxide nanorods, and trimethylolpropane triacrylate in sequence, disperse at high speed at 3000-5000 rpm for 30 min, and then ultrasonically disperse at 200-300 W power for 15-20 min to obtain a uniform and stable functional sol; (3) Design principle: The weak acid system ensures the complete dissolution of chitosan while avoiding damage to the MOF framework structure and the bioactivity of natural functional materials; the ternary solvent system takes into account the dispersibility and permeability of each component, and can achieve uniform coating of sol on the surface of fabric fibers.
[0032] Step b) Two-dip and two-roll finishing (1) Process parameters: A vertical dip rolling mill is used, the dip rolling speed is 3-5 m / min, the roll pressure is 0.2-0.3MPa, and the liquid yield is controlled at 75-85%, preferably 80%; after dip rolling, the coating is dried at 75-85 ℃ for 4-6 min, preferably at 80 ℃ for 5 min, to remove the solvent and complete the pre-crosslinking; then it is baked at 155-165 ℃ for 1.5-2.5 min, preferably at 160 ℃ for 2 min, to complete the crosslinking and curing of the coating; (2) Design principle: The two-dip and two-roll process ensures uniform coating on the inner and outer surfaces of the fabric and accurately controls the coating thickness and surface density; the segmented drying and baking process avoids the cracking and peeling of the film caused by rapid solvent evaporation, while realizing the covalent cross-linking of chitosan and the hydroxyl groups of the fabric fibers, thus improving the coating adhesion.
[0033] Step c) Embedding of conductive filament weaving (1) Process parameters: The prepared silver-graphene coaxial coated conductive filaments are embedded in the first fiber layer fabric matrix with a warp density of 24-26 threads / 10 cm and a weft density of 18-22 threads / 10 cm, preferably 25 threads / 10 cm and 20 threads / 10 cm; the float length of the conductive filaments is controlled to be 2.5-3.5 mm, preferably 3.0 mm; (2) Design principle: The embedding density ensures the uniformity of the overall power generation output of the fabric and avoids the power generation blind zone caused by the absence of local electrodes; the floating length design not only ensures the exposed height of the conductive filaments to form a stable friction electrode and high voltage output end, but also avoids snagging and wear caused by excessive floating length, ensuring safety and structural stability.
[0034] Step d) Heat setting treatment (1) Process parameters: Use a setting machine to set the temperature at 235-245 ℃ for 15-25 s, preferably 240 ℃ for 20 s; (2) Design principle: This process achieves the dimensional shaping of the fabric matrix, eliminates internal stress during weaving and finishing, and ensures the dimensional stability of the fabric; at the same time, it further promotes the covalent bonding between the functional coating and the fabric fibers, improves the bonding strength between the coating and the matrix, and enhances the wash resistance.
[0035] Core performance indicators of textiles: The textiles of this invention simultaneously possess excellent self-powered electricity generation performance, antibacterial and antiviral properties, and washability. Detailed indicators are as follows: The air permeability reaches 640-660 mm / s, meeting the test standard of GB / T 5453-1997; the moisture permeability reaches 225-235 g·m. -2 ·h -1 It meets the GB / T 12704.1-2009 testing standard and meets the breathability and moisture permeability requirements of medical textiles and daily textiles; The tensile strength reaches 48-52MPa, and the bending stiffness reaches 0.3-0.7cN·cm, balancing excellent mechanical strength with a soft wearing feel; Under normal wearing conditions with a human arm swing frequency of 0.8-1.2Hz and an amplitude of 45-55cm, the textile outputs an electrical power of 0.42-0.48W·m. -2 ·Hz -1 The pulse high voltage is 5.8-6.2kV, the output charge is 105-115nC / cycle, and the current density is 8-12μA / cm², which can stably power flexible electronic devices. The log removal rate against Staphylococcus aureus is 5.0-5.3 log, and the log removal rate against MS2 bacteriophage is 5.0-5.3 log, achieving broad-spectrum and highly efficient inactivation of bacteria and viruses; Wash resistance: After being washed 20 times according to the GB / T 8629-2017 4A program, the charge retention rate of textiles is 96-98%, the antibacterial performance decreases by 2-4%, and the antiviral performance decreases by 2-4%, demonstrating excellent long-term performance.
[0036] Core antibacterial and antiviral mechanism: This invention pioneers a dual-effect synergistic antibacterial and antiviral mechanism of interfacial electrostatic breakdown and electrochemical energy release, achieving positive feedback synergy between physical inactivation and chemical inactivation. The core principle is as follows: (1) Physical inactivation by interfacial electrostatic breakdown: When the human body moves, the fabric and the contact medium such as skin and external clothing undergo contact-separation friction. The first fiber layer, as the triboelectrone layer, forms a contact-separation triboelectric power generation circuit with the second conductive layer, generating a pulse high voltage of 5.8-6.2 kV. A strong electric field is formed at the micro-nano structure on the fabric surface, resulting in interfacial electrostatic breakdown. High-energy electrons directly destroy the integrity of the bacterial cell membrane and the envelope and nucleic acid structure of the virus, achieving physical inactivation without any risk of drug resistance. (2) Electrochemical energy release and chemical inactivation: The second conductive layer acts as the working electrode, forming an electrochemical circuit with human skin / sweat. The electrical energy output from the triboelectric generator drives the electrochemical process; on the one hand, it promotes the Cu in the third functional layer 2+ Zn 2+ The controlled release of metal ions and natural active ingredients achieves long-lasting antibacterial and antiviral effects; on the other hand, it generates reactive oxygen species in situ at the interface, which destroy the metabolic system of bacteria and the protein structure of viruses, thus achieving chemical inactivation. (3) Synergistic effect mechanism: The strong electric field generated by electrostatic breakdown can enhance the permeability of bacterial cell membrane and viral envelope, promote the entry of active ingredients and ROS into the pathogen, and improve the inactivation efficiency; the metal ions generated by electrochemical energy release can enhance the charge density of the friction interface, further enhance the power generation output and electrostatic breakdown strength, form a positive feedback synergy, and enhance the antibacterial and antiviral effects of multiple mechanisms.
[0037] The following is an illustration using specific examples: Example 1 This embodiment consists of a first fiber layer, a second conductive layer, and a third functional layer stacked conformally in the same plane, with a total textile thickness of 0.65 mm.
[0038] The first fiber layer is a polylactic acid / nylon 6 / cotton blended non-conductive fabric, using a plain weave process. The blend weight ratio is 35% polylactic acid, 30% nylon 6, and 35% cotton. The fabric thickness is 0.55 mm, the porosity is 65%, and the weave density is 115 threads / 10cm.
[0039] The second conductive layer is a single silver-graphene coaxial coated nylon continuous filament with a diameter of 0.10 mm, an axial resistivity of 6 mΩ·cm, and an exposed height of 0.3 mm relative to the first fiber layer. The silver layer is 100 nm thick with an average grain size of 20 nm; the graphene layer is 0.35 nm thick with an interlayer coverage of 95%; the lateral bonding force between the silver and graphene layers is 0.60 J / m², and the interfacial contact resistance is 0.7 mΩ·cm²; the single filament has a breaking elongation of 20%, a tensile modulus of 3.1 GPa, and a resistivity change rate of 3% within a relative elongation range of 30-70%.
[0040] The third functional layer is a chitosan-metal-organic framework-natural functional material composite coating with a dry film thickness of 100 nm and an areal density of 2.0 mg / cm². The components by weight percentage are: chitosan 5.0% (molecular weight 100 kDa); nano-zinc oxide 0.4% (particle size 18 nm); Cu-BTC MOF 0.2% (particle size 300 nm, BET specific surface area 1350 m² / g, pore size 0.8 nm, mass ratio to nano-zinc oxide 1.8:1); and tea polyphenols 0.7%.
[0041] The integrated manufacturing method of textiles in this embodiment is performed according to the following steps: Functional sol preparation: A ternary solvent of lactic acid, ethanol, and water in a volume ratio of 22:18:60 was used. The pH of the system was adjusted to 5.0, and the solid content was controlled at 2.0 wt%. First, lactic acid was added to deionized water and stirred evenly. After adjusting the pH to the target value, chitosan was added and stirred at room temperature for 2.5 h until completely dissolved. Nano zinc oxide, Cu-BTC MOF, and tea polyphenols were added in sequence and dispersed at high speed at 4000 rpm for 30 min, followed by ultrasonic dispersion at 250 W power for 18 min to obtain a uniform and stable functional sol.
[0042] Two-dip and two-roll finishing: A vertical dip rolling mill is used with a dipping speed of 4 m / min, a roll pressure of 0.25 MPa, and a liquid yield controlled at 80%. After dipping, the coating is dried at 80 ℃ for 5 min and then baked at 160 ℃ for 2 min to complete the cross-linking and curing of the coating.
[0043] Weaving Embedding: Silver-graphene coaxial coated conductive filaments are embedded into the first fiber layer fabric matrix with a warp density of 25 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 20 threads / 10cm, and the float length of the conductive filaments is controlled to be 3.0 mm.
[0044] Heat setting treatment: The finished textile is obtained by setting the temperature at 240 ℃ for 20 s using a heat setting machine.
[0045] The textile in this embodiment has been tested and its core properties are as follows: air permeability 650 mm / s, moisture permeability 230 g·m². -2 ·h -1 It has a tensile strength of 50 MPa and a bending stiffness of 0.5 cN·cm; under the condition of a human arm swing frequency of 1.0 Hz and a swing amplitude of 50 cm, the output power is 0.45 W·m. -2 ·Hz -1 The device features a pulsed high voltage of 6.0 kV, an output charge of 110 nC / cycle, and a current density of 10 μA / cm². It achieves a logarithmic removal rate of 5.2 log for Staphylococcus aureus and a logarithmic removal rate of 5.3 log for MS2 bacteriophage. After 20 washes according to the GB / T8629-2017 4A program, the charge retention rate is 97%, the antibacterial performance decreases by 3%, and the antiviral performance decreases by 3%.
[0046] Example 2 The textile in this embodiment is formed by a first fiber layer, a second conductive layer and a third functional layer being conformally stacked in the same plane, with a total thickness of 0.60 mm.
[0047] The first fiber layer is a polylactic acid / nylon 6 / cotton blended non-conductive fabric, plain woven, with a blend weight ratio of 35% polylactic acid, 30% nylon 6, and 35% cotton; the fabric thickness is 0.50 mm, the porosity is 63%, and the weaving density is 110 threads / 10cm.
[0048] The second conductive layer is a single silver-graphene coaxial coated nylon continuous filament with a diameter of 0.10 mm, an axial resistivity of 6 mΩ·cm, and an exposed height of 0.3 mm relative to the first fiber layer. The silver layer is 100 nm thick with an average grain size of 20 nm; the graphene layer is 0.35 nm thick with an interlayer coverage of 96%; the lateral bonding force between the silver and graphene layers is 0.65 J / m², and the interfacial contact resistance is 0.6 mΩ·cm²; the single filament has a breaking elongation of 20%, a tensile modulus of 3.2 GPa, and a resistivity change rate of 2.5% within a relative elongation range of 30-70%.
[0049] The third functional layer is a chitosan-metal-organic framework-natural functional material composite coating with a dry film thickness of 90 nm and an areal density of 1.9 mg / cm². The components by weight percentage are: chitosan 5.0% (molecular weight 100 kDa), nano-copper oxide 0.4% (particle size 18 nm), Cu-BTC MOF 0.2% (particle size 300 nm, BET specific surface area 1400 m² / g, pore size 0.8 nm, mass ratio of chitosan to nano-copper oxide 1.8:1), hesperidin 0.7%, and zinc oxide nanorods 0.10% (aspect ratio 10:1).
[0050] The integrated manufacturing method of textiles in this embodiment is performed according to the following steps: Functional sol preparation: A ternary solvent of lactic acid, ethanol, and water in a volume ratio of 22:18:60 was used. The pH of the system was adjusted to 5.0, and the solid content was controlled to 2.0 wt%. First, lactic acid was added to deionized water and stirred evenly. After adjusting the pH to the target value, chitosan was added and stirred at room temperature for 2.5 h until completely dissolved. Then, nano-copper oxide, Cu-BTC MOF, hesperidin, and zinc oxide nanorods were added in sequence. The mixture was dispersed at high speed at 4500 rpm for 30 min, and then ultrasonically dispersed at 250 W for 20 min to obtain a uniform and stable functional sol.
[0051] Two-dip and two-roll finishing: A vertical dip rolling mill is used with a dipping speed of 4 m / min, a roll pressure of 0.25 MPa, and a liquid yield controlled at 80%. After dipping, the coating is dried at 80 ℃ for 5 min and then baked at 160 ℃ for 2 min to complete the cross-linking and curing of the coating.
[0052] Weaving Embedding: Silver-graphene coaxial coated conductive filaments are embedded into the first fiber layer fabric matrix with a warp density of 25 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 20 threads / 10cm, and the float length of the conductive filaments is controlled to be 3.0 mm.
[0053] Heat setting treatment: The finished textile is obtained by setting the temperature at 240 ℃ for 20 s using a heat setting machine.
[0054] The textile in this embodiment has been tested and its core properties are as follows: air permeability 655 mm / s, moisture permeability 232 g·m². -2 ·h -1 Tensile strength 49 MPa, bending stiffness 0.4 cN cm; Under the condition of a human arm swing frequency of 1.0 Hz and a swing amplitude of 50 cm, the output power is 0.47 W·m. -2 ·Hz -1The device features a pulsed high voltage of 6.1 kV, an output charge of 113 nC / cycle, and a current density of 11 μA / cm². It achieves a logarithmic removal rate of 5.3 log for Staphylococcus aureus and 5.3 log for MS2 bacteriophage. After 20 washes according to the GB / T8629-2017 4A program, the charge retention rate is 97%, the antibacterial performance decreases by 3%, and the antiviral performance decreases by 3%.
[0055] Example 3 The textile in this embodiment is formed by a first fiber layer, a second conductive layer and a third functional layer being conformally stacked in the same plane, with a total thickness of 0.70 mm.
[0056] The first fiber layer is a polylactic acid / nylon 6 / cotton blended non-conductive fabric, plain woven, with a blend weight ratio of 35% polylactic acid, 30% nylon 6, and 35% cotton; the fabric thickness is 0.60 mm, the porosity is 67%, and the weaving density is 120 threads / 10cm.
[0057] The second conductive layer is a single silver-graphene coaxial coated nylon continuous filament with a diameter of 0.10 mm, an axial resistivity of 7 mΩ·cm, and an exposed height of 0.3 mm relative to the first fiber layer. The silver layer is 100 nm thick with an average grain size of 20 nm; the graphene layer is 0.35 nm thick with an interlayer coverage of 94%; the lateral bonding force between the silver and graphene layers is 0.55 J / m², and the interfacial contact resistance is 0.8 mΩ·cm²; the single filament has a breaking elongation of 20%, a tensile modulus of 3.0 GPa, and a resistivity change rate of 3.5% within a relative elongation range of 30-70%.
[0058] The third functional layer is a chitosan-metal-organic framework-natural functional material composite coating with a dry film thickness of 110 nm and an areal density of 2.1 mg / cm². The components by weight percentage are: chitosan 5.0% (molecular weight 100 kDa), nano-zinc oxide and nano-titanium dioxide composite 0.4% (mass ratio 1:1, particle size 18 nm), Cu-BTC MOF 0.2% (particle size 300 nm, BET specific surface area 1300 m² / g, pore size 0.8 nm, mass ratio of Cu-BTC MOF to composite nano-metal oxide 1.8:1), tea polyphenols and ellagic acid composite 0.7% (mass ratio 1:1), silane coupling agent KH-570 0.20%, and trimethylolpropane triacrylate 0.04%.
[0059] The integrated manufacturing method of textiles in this embodiment is performed according to the following steps: Functional sol preparation: A ternary solvent of lactic acid, ethanol, and water in a volume ratio of 22:18:60 was used. The pH of the system was adjusted to 5.0, and the solid content was controlled at 2.0 wt%. First, lactic acid was added to deionized water and stirred evenly. After adjusting the pH to the target value, chitosan was added and stirred at room temperature for 2.5 h until completely dissolved. Silane coupling agent KH-570 was added and stirred for 30 min to complete pre-hydrolysis. Composite nano-metal oxide, Cu-BTC MOF, composite natural functional materials, and trimethylolpropane triacrylate were added sequentially. The mixture was dispersed at high speed at 4000 rpm for 30 min, and then ultrasonically dispersed at 250 W for 18 min to obtain a uniform and stable functional sol.
[0060] Two-dip and two-roll finishing: A vertical dip rolling mill is used with a dipping speed of 4 m / min, a roll pressure of 0.25 MPa, and a liquid yield controlled at 80%. After dipping, the coating is dried at 80 ℃ for 5 min and then baked at 160 ℃ for 2 min to complete the cross-linking and curing of the coating.
[0061] Weaving Embedding: Silver-graphene coaxial coated conductive filaments are embedded into the first fiber layer fabric matrix with a warp density of 25 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 20 threads / 10cm, and the float length of the conductive filaments is controlled to be 3.0 mm.
[0062] Heat setting treatment: The finished textile is obtained by setting the temperature at 240 ℃ for 20 s using a heat setting machine.
[0063] The textile in this embodiment has been tested and its core properties are as follows: air permeability 645 mm / s, moisture permeability 228 g·m². -2 ·h -1 The tensile strength is 51 MPa, and the bending stiffness is 0.6 cN·cm; under the condition of a human arm swing frequency of 1.0 Hz and a swing amplitude of 50 cm, the output power is 0.44 W·m. -2 ·Hz -1 The device features a pulsed high voltage of 5.9 kV, an output charge of 108 nC / cycle, and a current density of 9 μA / cm². It achieves a logarithmic removal rate of 5.1 log for Staphylococcus aureus and a logarithmic removal rate of 5.2 log for MS2 bacteriophage. After 20 washes according to the GB / T 8629-2017 4A program, the charge retention rate is 98%, the antibacterial performance decreases by 2%, and the antiviral performance decreases by 2%.
[0064] Example 4 The textile in this embodiment is formed by a first fiber layer, a second conductive layer and a third functional layer being conformally stacked in the same plane, with a total thickness of 0.65 mm.
[0065] The first fiber layer is a polylactic acid / nylon 6 / cotton blended non-conductive fabric, plain woven, with a blend weight ratio of 35% polylactic acid, 30% nylon 6, and 35% cotton; the fabric thickness is 0.55 mm, the porosity is 65%, and the weaving density is 115 threads / 10cm.
[0066] The second conductive layer is a single silver-graphene coaxial coated nylon continuous filament with a diameter of 0.10 mm, an axial resistivity of 6.5 mΩ·cm, and an exposed height of 0.3 mm relative to the first fiber layer. The silver layer is 100 nm thick with an average grain size of 20 nm; the graphene layer is 0.35 nm thick with an interlayer coverage of 95%; the lateral bonding force between the silver and graphene layers is 0.60 J / m², and the interfacial contact resistance is 0.7 mΩ·cm²; the single filament has a breaking elongation of 20%, a tensile modulus of 3.1 GPa, and a resistivity change rate of 3% within a relative elongation range of 30-70%.
[0067] The third functional layer is a chitosan-metal-organic framework-natural functional material composite coating with a dry film thickness of 100 nm and an areal density of 2.0 mg / cm². The components by weight percentage are: chitosan 5.0% (molecular weight 100 kDa), nano-zinc oxide 0.4% (particle size 18 nm), Cu-BTC MOF 0.2% (particle size 300 nm), BET specific surface area 1350 m² / g (pore size 0.8 nm), tea polyphenols 0.7%, silane coupling agent KH-570 0.20%, and trimethylolpropane triacrylate 0.04%.
[0068] The integrated manufacturing method of the textile in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 3. The log removal rate of Staphylococcus aureus is 5.1 log and the log removal rate of MS2 bacteriophage antiviral activity is 5.2 log. After washing 20 times according to the GB / T 8629-2017 4A program, the charge retention rate is 98%, the antibacterial performance decreases by 2%, and the antiviral performance decreases by 2%.
[0069] To verify the synergistic effect mechanism and inventiveness of this invention, the following two comparative examples were set up. The preparation process and testing conditions of all comparative examples were completely consistent with those of Example 1, with only the core structure and components being adjusted. The test results are as follows: Comparative Example 1: No second conductive layer, only the first fiber layer + third functional layer Solution: Remove the second conductive layer; the remaining components, parameters, and preparation process are completely consistent with Example 1.
[0070] Results: The frictionless power generation output lacked the physical inactivation effect of interfacial electrostatic breakdown and could only achieve chemical inactivation of the third functional layer. The log removal rate of Staphylococcus aureus was 2.1 log and the antiviral log removal rate of MS2 bacteriophage was 2.2 log, which were 3.1 log lower than those in Example 1.
[0071] Comparative Example 2: No third functional layer, only the first fiber layer + second conductive layer Solution: Remove the third functional layer; the remaining components, parameters, and preparation process are completely consistent with Example 1.
[0072] Results: Physical inactivation by interfacial electrostatic breakdown was achieved, with a triboelectric power output of only 0.22 W·m-2·Hz-1; the logarithmic removal rate against Staphylococcus aureus was 2.3 log, and the logarithmic removal rate against MS2 bacteriophage was 2.2 log, which were 2.9 log and 3.1 log lower than those in Example 1, respectively.
[0073] In summary, the key design focus of this invention is to simultaneously combine interfacial electrostatic breakdown physical inactivation with electrochemical energy release chemical inactivation to form a positive feedback synergistic effect, achieving broad-spectrum and highly efficient inactivation of bacteria and viruses with an inactivation rate ≥99.99%, thus addressing the pain points of existing antibacterial textiles, such as single function, low efficiency, and poor long-term effectiveness. The three-layer design structure can simultaneously achieve stable self-powered electricity generation, highly efficient antibacterial and antiviral properties, and excellent air permeability, moisture permeability, and mechanical properties, increasing the antibacterial and antiviral effect. It possesses excellent long-term effectiveness and washability. The silver-graphene coaxial coating structure and covalently bonded functional coating ensure that after 20 standard washes, the electrical properties and antibacterial and antiviral properties of the textiles decrease by ≤4%, and the service life is superior to existing similar products. The manufacturing process of this invention can be realized based on existing textile dyeing and finishing equipment, with a simple process, controllable parameters, and controllable costs, making it feasible for large-scale mass production.
Claims
1. An antibacterial and antiviral electrical textile, characterized in that: The textile is composed of a first fiber layer, a second conductive layer and a third functional layer stacked and conformally arranged in the same plane. The layers work together to form a contact-separated triboelectric power generation circuit, realizing a synergistic antibacterial and antiviral effect of interfacial electrostatic breakdown and electrochemical energy release. The first fiber layer is a polylactic acid / nylon 6 / cotton blended non-conductive fabric, which serves as a triboelectric matrix layer and a fabric support skeleton. The second conductive layer is a single silver-graphene coaxial coated nylon continuous filament, which serves as the current collecting electrode for triboelectric power generation, the high-voltage output terminal for interface electrostatic breakdown, and the working electrode for electrochemical energy release. The third functional layer is a chitosan-metal-organic framework-natural functional material composite coating, which is uniformly coated on the surface of the first fiber layer and the second conductive layer, forming an electrical connection with the second conductive layer, and serving as an active site carrier for electrochemical energy release.
2. The antibacterial and antiviral power textile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total thickness of the textile is 0.55-0.75 mm; The thickness of the first fiber layer is 0.45-0.65 mm, the porosity is 60-70%, and the weaving density is 100-130 fibers / 10 cm; The diameter of the monofilament in the second conductive layer is 0.09-0.11 mm, the resistivity is 5-8 mΩ·cm, and the exposed height relative to the first fiber layer is 0.2-0.4 mm. The dry film thickness of the third functional layer is 80-120 nm, and the areal density is 1.8-2.2 mg / cm². The third functional layer comprises, by weight percentage: Chitosan 4.5-5.5%, molecular weight 90-110kDa; Nano-metal oxides, 0.35-0.45%, particle size 15-20 nm; Cu-BTC MOF 0.15-0.25%, particle size 200-400nm; Natural functional materials: 0.6-0.8%.
3. The antibacterial and antiviral power textile according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the second conductive layer, the silver-graphene coaxial coating is defined by the following physical dimensions and performance parameters: Silver layer: thickness 90-110nm, average grain size 15-25nm; Graphene layer: Single layer thickness 0.34-0.40 nm, interlayer coverage 92-98%; Coaxial interface: the lateral bonding force between the silver layer and the graphene layer is 0.45-0.70 J / m², and the interfacial contact resistance is 0.5-1.0 mΩ·cm². The comprehensive electrical parameters of the monofilament are as follows: axial resistivity 5-8 mΩ·cm, elongation at break 18-22%, tensile modulus 2.8-3.3 GPa, and resistivity change rate 1-5% under dynamic cyclic stretching within the range of 30-70% relative elongation.
4. The antibacterial and antiviral electrical textile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nano-metal oxide is one or more of nano-zinc oxide, nano-titanium dioxide, and nano-copper oxide; The BET specific surface area of Cu-BTC MOF is 1200-1500 m² / g, the pore size is 0.7-0.9 nm, and the mass ratio of Cu-BTC MOF to nano-metal oxide is 1.5-2.0:
1. The natural functional materials are one or more of the following: hesperidin, tea polyphenols, eucalyptol, 3-hydroxyflavone, ellagic acid, apple polyphenols, and Sophora tonkinensis root extract.
5. The antibacterial and antiviral power textile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third functional layer contains 0.08-0.12 wt% zinc oxide nanorods with an aspect ratio of 8-12:
1.
6. The antibacterial and antiviral power textile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The textile has an air permeability of 640-660 mm / s and a moisture permeability of 225-235 g·m⁻². -2 ·h -1 Tensile strength reaches 48-52MPa, and bending stiffness reaches 0.3-0.7cN·cm.
7. The antibacterial and antiviral power textile according to claim 1, characterized in that: Under the operating conditions of a human arm swing frequency of 0.8-1.2Hz and a swing amplitude of 45-55cm, the output electrical power of the textile is 0.42-0.48W·m. -2 ·Hz -1 The pulse high voltage is 5.8-6.2kV, the output charge is 105-115nC / cycle, and the current density is 8-12μA / cm². The textiles exhibited a log removal rate of 5.0-5.3 log for Staphylococcus aureus and a log removal rate of 5.0-5.3 log for MS2 bacteriophage antiviral activity.
8. The antibacterial and antiviral power textile according to claim 1, characterized in that: After being washed 20 times according to the GB / T8629-2017 4A program, the charge retention rate of the textile is 96-98%, the antibacterial performance decreases by 2-4%, and the antiviral performance decreases by 2-4%.
9. An integrated manufacturing method for antibacterial and antiviral electrical textiles, characterized in that: This integrated manufacturing method is used to manufacture antibacterial and antiviral electrical textiles as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the integrated manufacturing method comprises the following steps in sequence: a) Sol preparation: Chitosan, nano-metal oxides, Cu-BTC MOF, and natural functional materials are dispersed in a lactic acid-ethanol-water ternary solvent at a volume ratio of 20-25:15-20:55-65, pH 4.8-5.2, and solid content of 1.5-2.5 wt%. b) Two dips and two rolls: 75-85% of the liquid was rolled, dried at 75-85℃ for 4-6 minutes, and baked at 155-165℃ for 1.5-2.5 minutes. c) Weaving embedding: The conductive filaments are embedded into the matrix with a warp density of 24-26 threads / 10cm and a weft density of 18-22 threads / 10cm, with a float length of 2.5-3.5mm; d) Heat setting: Set at 235-245℃ for 15-25s to allow the functional layer to form a covalent bond with the substrate.
10. The integrated manufacturing method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The sol in step a) contains 0.15-0.25 wt% silane coupling agent KH-570 and 0.03-0.05 wt% trimethylolpropane triacrylate.