Efficient earthwork transfer device in confined space and construction method
By using positioning and limiting components in conjunction with the bearing steel plate in confined spaces, combined with wedge-shaped guide rods and feeding components, the problems of discharge height mismatch and feed blockage in earthmoving barges are solved, achieving efficient and safe earthmoving and equipment protection.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI CONSTRUCTION FOURTH CONSTRUCTION GROUP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-05-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
In confined spaces, existing earthmoving barges suffer from material discharge height mismatch and positional displacement due to structural settlement and vehicle braking, which in turn leads to spillage and collisions. Material feeding is prone to blockage, and large stones can easily cause equipment wear, increasing equipment maintenance costs and construction uncertainty.
The positioning component works in conjunction with the bearing steel plate. The discharge pipe is driven to rise and fall synchronously with the sinking of the bearing steel plate by the support column. The limiting component prevents the bearing steel plate from shifting. The feed hopper is equipped with a wedge-shaped guide rod to intercept stones. The feeding component achieves uniform feeding through the eccentric turntable push plate. The screw conveyor is equipped with a drainage interface and a filter screen to reduce moisture corrosion.
It effectively solved the problems of soil spillage and equipment collision, improved transportation efficiency, reduced the burden of manual cleaning, extended equipment life, and avoided environmental pollution.
Smart Images
Figure CN122233192A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology and relates to an efficient earthmoving device and construction method for confined spaces. Background Technology
[0002] Underground space development is a crucial measure for enhancing urban functions and improving the living environment during urban renewal. Among the key aspects of underground space renewal construction is the excavation and earthmoving operations in confined spaces such as old urban areas and areas with dense underground pipe networks. This directly impacts construction progress, efficiency, and overall project costs. These confined spaces typically suffer from three-dimensional compression of the site boundary and narrow working spaces. Some areas are extremely close to existing subway tunnels and underground pipe networks, making it impossible to deploy large construction equipment. Traditional earthmoving methods relying on large excavators and heavy trucks are no longer suitable for on-site operations, and manual labor is extremely inefficient, failing to meet the time constraints of modern urban construction.
[0003] Currently, earthmoving in confined spaces often employs small conveying equipment or excavator-assisted transport combined with manual labor. However, this approach has several significant drawbacks in practical applications. When transport vehicles are parked on temporary support structures (such as load-bearing steel plates), the limited bearing capacity of the foundation makes these structures prone to settlement, leading to dynamic deviations in the distance between the discharge end and the truck bed. Excessive distance can cause soil spillage, increasing cleanup burdens and environmental pollution; insufficient distance can result in collisions and damage between the discharge pipe and the truck bed, affecting operational continuity. Furthermore, the horizontal friction generated during vehicle braking can displace the load-bearing steel plates, causing the discharge position to shift and further exacerbating soil spillage. Simultaneously, the water carried by the vehicles spilling onto the ground can cause subsequent heavily loaded vehicles to slip, posing a safety hazard. In addition, the feed inlet of existing screw conveyor equipment lacks effective pretreatment and forced feeding structures, which easily leads to soil accumulation and blockage. This requires frequent manual cleaning, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also reduces the overall transport efficiency. Furthermore, large stones and construction waste in the soil can easily enter the conveying mechanism directly, causing the conveying rollers to jam, the blades to wear out severely, and even causing motor overload damage, significantly shortening the service life of the equipment and increasing equipment maintenance costs and construction uncertainty. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problems of existing confined space earthmoving technology, such as the mismatch of discharge height and position caused by settlement of the supporting structure and vehicle braking, which leads to spillage and collision, as well as easy blockage of the feed and wear of the equipment by stones, which increases the equipment maintenance cost and construction uncertainty, the present invention provides an efficient earthmoving device and construction method for confined spaces.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0006] A high-efficiency earthmoving device for confined spaces includes:
[0007] The frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of one side of the foundation pit;
[0008] The screw conveyor is fixedly mounted on the frame, with its discharge end extending outside the pit body, and is used to transport earth upwards.
[0009] The feed hopper is fixedly connected to the top of the frame and is set up corresponding to the feed port of the screw conveyor. It is used to receive and transport earthwork.
[0010] The discharge pipe is a sealed connection to the discharge port of the screw conveyor, used to remove the conveyed soil.
[0011] The supporting steel plate is laid on one side of the foundation pit, directly below the discharge pipe, and is used to support the transport vehicle.
[0012] The positioning component, assembled at the bottom of the discharge pipe, abuts against the supporting steel plate and can drive the discharge pipe to rise and fall synchronously with the settlement of the supporting steel plate, ensuring that the bottom of the discharge pipe maintains a set distance from the transport vehicle to avoid soil spillage and equipment collision.
[0013] The limiting component, assembled on the screw conveyor, works in conjunction with the positioning component to limit the load-bearing steel plate, preventing it from shifting when the transport vehicle brakes, and ensuring accurate discharge position.
[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:
[0015] The screw conveyor includes a cylinder, a drive motor, and a screw conveying roller. The cylinder is fixedly embedded in the frame, and the screw conveying roller is rotatably mounted inside the cylinder. The drive motor is fixedly installed at the top of the cylinder, and its output end is coaxially and fixedly connected to the screw conveying roller. After the drive motor starts, it drives the screw conveying roller to rotate, thereby realizing the conveying of soil in the direction of soil.
[0016] The bottom of the cylinder is integrally formed with a drainage interface. A filter screen is fixedly embedded in the drainage interface. The filter screen smoothly transitions with the inner wall of the cylinder. A support box is sealed and fixed at the bottom of the drainage interface. A control valve is connected to the bottom of the support box. A flushing pipe is connected to the outer wall of the cylinder.
[0017] During earthwork transportation, water is filtered through a screen and flows into the carrying box, then discharged through a control valve. After the operation is completed, clean water is injected through a flushing pipeline to flush the inner wall of the cylinder and the screw conveyor roller shaft, reducing component wear.
[0018] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:
[0019] The positioning component includes two connecting ribs and a support rod. The two connecting ribs are symmetrically welded to both sides of the bottom end of the discharge pipe, and the support rod is vertically welded to the outer end of the connecting ribs. Its bottom end is in close contact with the upper surface of the bearing steel plate. When the bearing steel plate sinks, the support rod sinks synchronously and drives the discharge pipe to descend.
[0020] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:
[0021] A support frame is welded and fixed to the bottom of the cylinder. The support frame is T-shaped and its bottom is in close contact with the ground to improve support stability. The limiting component includes a sliding base, a support column, a pressure plate, and an insert rod. The sliding base is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the support frame. The support column is vertically welded to one side of the sliding base. The pressure plate is horizontally welded to the bottom of the support column and covers the top of the bearing steel plate. The insert rod is vertically welded to the bottom of the pressure plate. The top of the bearing steel plate has insert holes that correspond one-to-one with the insert rods. The insert rods are inserted into the insert holes to limit and fix the bearing steel plate.
[0022] A drive base plate is rotatably mounted on one side of the clamping plate via a rotating base. A ball socket base is welded and fixed to the top of the drive base plate. The ball socket base is correspondingly set with the support column. A ball head is embedded inside the ball socket base. The ball head is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the support column. A sealing cover plate is fitted on the outer wall of the ball head. The sealing cover plate is fixedly connected to the ball socket base by bolts, limiting the ball head inside the ball socket base.
[0023] When the transport vehicle crushes the drive base plate, the drive base plate rotates downward around the rotating base, pushing the clamping plate down and forcing the insertion rod to insert into the insertion hole. At the same time, the ball socket base and ball head drive the support rod to move down, precisely adjusting the height of the bottom of the discharge pipe.
[0024] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:
[0025] It also includes a feeding assembly, which includes a rectangular through hole, a sliding block, a sealing plate, and a pusher plate. The rectangular through hole is opened on one side wall of the feed hopper. The sliding block is slidably assembled in the rectangular through hole. The sealing plate is welded and fixed to the side of the sliding block located in the feed hopper to seal the rectangular through hole. The pusher plate is welded and fixed to the top of the sealing plate. The sliding block is drivenly connected to the screw conveyor roller shaft. When the screw conveyor roller shaft rotates, it drives the pusher plate to slide back and forth along the rectangular through hole, pushing the soil in the feed hopper evenly into the screw conveyor and avoiding feed blockage.
[0026] The feeding assembly also includes an eccentric turntable, a guide seat, a sliding connecting rod, rolling wheels, an extension connecting rod, and a sliding ring. The eccentric turntable is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the screw conveyor roller shaft. The guide seat is welded and fixed on one side of the feed hopper. The sliding connecting rod is slidably mounted on the top of the guide seat. The two rolling wheels are symmetrically rotated and mounted on the bottom end of the sliding connecting rod. The edge of the eccentric turntable is located between the two rolling wheels and is tightly fitted with the rolling wheels. The sliding ring is rotatably mounted on the top end of the sliding connecting rod and is slidably sleeved on the extension connecting rod. One end of the extension connecting rod is welded and fixed to the sliding block.
[0027] When the spiral conveyor roller drives the eccentric turntable to rotate, it pushes the rolling wheel and sliding link to slide up and down, and drives the sliding block to slide back and forth through the sliding ring and the extension link.
[0028] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:
[0029] Multiple guide rods are welded and fixed to the top of the feed hopper. The guide rods are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, forming a wedge-shaped structure. When the soil is poured into the feed hopper, the guide rods filter the stones in the soil. The intercepted stones are guided along the inclined surface of the guide rods to one side of the feed hopper, preventing stones from entering the screw conveyor and causing parts to jam or wear.
[0030] A construction method for an efficient earthmoving device in confined spaces, comprising the following steps:
[0031] S1. Lay the bearing steel plate steadily on the designated position on one side of the foundation pit, adjust the position of the support frame and sliding base so that the insertion rod is aligned with the insertion hole, the bottom end of the support column is in close contact with the bearing steel plate, ensure that the bottom end of the discharge pipe is at a set distance from the bottom plate of the transport vehicle to be parked, and check that all components are firmly connected and the transmission is flexible.
[0032] S2. Start the drive motor. The drive motor drives the spiral conveyor roller to rotate, which in turn drives the eccentric turntable to rotate. Through components such as sliding connecting rod and extension connecting rod, the push plate is driven to slide back and forth along the rectangular through hole, so that the feeding assembly enters the working state.
[0033] S3. The soil to be transported is poured into the top of the feed hopper. The guide rod filters the stones and guides the stones to both sides of the feed hopper. The filtered soil is pushed into the cylinder of the screw conveyor by the push plate and is conveyed upward by the screw conveyor roller. The water in the soil flows into the bearing box after being filtered by the filter screen.
[0034] S4. The transport vehicle reverses and stops on the bearing steel plate. The wheels roll over the drive base plate, which drives the clamping plate to move down, so that the insertion rod is inserted into the insertion hole to limit the bearing steel plate. At the same time, the support upright and the discharge pipe are driven to move down, maintaining the set distance between the discharge pipe and the bottom plate of the truck body. The excavated soil falls into the truck body through the discharge pipe.
[0035] S5. During operation, regularly open the control valve to discharge mud and water from the carrying box and clean up the stones intercepted at the top of the feed hopper;
[0036] S6. After the operation is completed, turn off the drive motor, inject clean water into the cylinder through the flushing pipe to flush the components, drain the flushing sewage and residual mud and sand, clean up the debris around the equipment, adjust each component to its initial position, and put away the supporting steel plate for storage.
[0037] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0038] 1. The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces disclosed in this invention uses a positioning component in conjunction with a bearing steel plate. The bottom end of the support pole of the positioning component is in close contact with the bearing steel plate. When the transport vehicle stops on the bearing steel plate, causing the bearing steel plate to settle, the support pole sinks synchronously with the bearing steel plate, thereby driving the discharge pipe to descend synchronously. This maintains a suitable distance between the bottom end of the discharge pipe and the bottom plate of the transport vehicle, effectively solving the problems of earth spillage and equipment collision caused by the fixed discharge height of existing devices, and reducing the burden of manual cleaning.
[0039] 2. The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces disclosed in this invention has a limiting component that is slidably mounted on a support frame via a sliding base. A clamping plate covers the top of the bearing steel plate. When the transport vehicle stops, the wheels roll over the drive base plate, pushing the clamping plate downwards so that the insert rod is inserted into the insert hole of the bearing steel plate, thereby limiting and fixing the bearing steel plate. This effectively prevents the horizontal friction force generated when the transport vehicle brakes from causing the bearing steel plate to shift, ensuring accurate discharge position and avoiding earth spillage and safety hazards caused by the displacement of the bearing steel plate.
[0040] 3. The high-efficiency earthmoving device for confined spaces disclosed in this invention features multiple wedge-shaped guide rods at the top of the feed hopper. These rods filter the dumped earth and intercept large stones, preventing them from entering the screw conveyor and causing jamming or wear on the screw conveyor rollers. Simultaneously, the wedge-shaped ramps guide the intercepted stones to both sides of the feed hopper, facilitating cleaning by workers. The feeding assembly is connected to the screw conveyor rollers via a drive mechanism. When the screw conveyor rollers rotate, components such as the eccentric turntable, sliding connecting rod, and extension connecting rod drive the pusher plate to slide back and forth along the rectangular through-hole, evenly pushing the earth in the feed hopper into the screw conveyor. This prevents earth from accumulating and clogging in the feed hopper, eliminating the need for frequent manual cleaning and significantly improving earthmoving efficiency. This device is well-suited to the confined conditions of waste transportation in urban renewal projects.
[0041] 4. The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces disclosed in this invention has a drainage interface, a filter screen and a bearing box at the bottom of the cylinder of the screw conveyor. It can filter the water in the earthwork, reduce the corrosion of the equipment by water, and collect the filtered mud and sand in the bearing box to avoid the direct discharge of mud and sand, which would cause the ground to become slippery and cause environmental pollution.
[0042] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description
[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
[0044] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the efficient earthmoving and transporting device under confined space according to the present invention;
[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rod structure in this invention;
[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the filter screen installation structure in this invention;
[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component and limiting component in this invention;
[0048] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;
[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the insertion rod in this invention;
[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding assembly structure in this invention;
[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate installation position structure in this invention.
[0052] Attached reference numerals: 1. Pit body; 2. Frame; 3. Screw conveyor; 31. Cylinder; 32. Drive motor; 33. Screw conveyor roller; 34. Filter screen; 35. Drainage interface; 36. Bearing box; 37. Support frame; 38. Control valve; 39. Flushing pipeline; 4. Feed hopper; 5. Guide rod; 6. Discharge pipe; 7. Positioning assembly; 71. Connecting rib; 72. Supporting upright; 73. Ball head; 74. Ball socket base; 75. Sealing cover plate; 8. Limiting component; 81. Sliding base; 82. Support column; 83. Pressing plate; 84. Rotating base; 85. Drive base plate; 86. Insertion rod; 9. Bearing steel plate; 91. Insertion hole; 10. Feeding component; 101. Eccentric turntable; 102. Guide seat; 103. Sliding connecting rod; 104. Rolling wheel; 105. Rectangular through hole; 106. Sliding block; 107. Extension connecting rod; 108. Sliding ring; 109. Push plate; 110. Sealing plate. Detailed Implementation
[0053] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
[0054] like Figure 1 The high-efficiency earthmoving device shown is mainly used for earthmoving operations in confined spaces such as old urban areas and areas with dense underground pipe networks. The device consists of a frame 2, a screw conveyor 3, a feed hopper 4, a guide rod 5, a discharge pipe 6, a positioning component 7, a limiting component 8, a bearing steel plate 9, and a feeding component 10. All components work together to complete the transportation of earth in the foundation pit 1, the adjustment of the discharge height, and the limiting of the bearing steel plate 9.
[0055] Pit 1 is an earthwork pit excavated during urban renewal construction in confined spaces. A frame 2 is fixed to one side of its bottom to ensure its secure installation within pit 1 and prevent swaying during operation. The frame 2 is constructed of welded channel steel, forming a frame structure. Its bottom is tightly fitted to the ground at the bottom of pit 1, providing stable support for components such as the screw conveyor 3 and feed hopper 4 installed above. The screw conveyor 3 is fixedly mounted on the frame 2, with its discharge end extending outside pit 1. A certain gap is reserved between the cylinder 31 and the side wall of pit 1 to prevent collision and wear between the screw conveyor 3 and pit 1 during operation. The discharge port of the screw conveyor 3 is connected to the discharge pipe 6 via a flange. The discharge pipe 6 is made of corrugated expansion tube, and its two ends are sealed and fixed to the discharge port of the screw conveyor 3 and the connecting rib 71 at the discharge end via flanges respectively. The diameter of the discharge pipe 6 matches the diameter of the discharge port of the screw conveyor 3. The metal corrugated flexible hose has axial extension and contraction freedom, which adapts to the length change requirements when the positioning component 7 drives the discharge pipe 6 to rise and fall, ensuring that the soil can be discharged smoothly and accurately fall into the truck bed of the transport vehicle to avoid spillage.
[0056] The screw conveyor 3 includes a cylinder 31, a drive motor 32, a screw conveyor roller 33, a filter screen 34, a drainage interface 35, a bearing box 36, a support frame 37, a control valve 38, and a flushing pipe 39. These components work together to transport, dewater, and clean the excavated soil. Figure 3 The cylinder 31 shown is made of seamless steel pipe and is fixedly installed inside the frame 2. A spiral conveying roller 33 is rotatably installed through the cylinder 31. The two ends of the spiral conveying roller 33 are rotatably connected to the bearing seats at both ends of the cylinder 31, allowing it to rotate flexibly around its own axis. The bearings are sealed to prevent impurities from entering the bearings. The spiral blades of the spiral conveying roller 33 are made of wear-resistant alloy material, which can effectively resist the friction and wear of the soil and extend its service life. A drive motor 32 is fixed to the top of the cylinder 31 by bolts. The output end of the drive motor 32 is fixedly connected to the top of the spiral conveying roller 33 through a coupling. After the drive motor 32 is started, the power is transmitted to the spiral conveying roller 33 through the coupling, driving the spiral conveying roller 33 to rotate, thereby realizing the upward conveying of soil.
[0057] The bottom of the cylinder 31 is integrally formed with a drainage port 35, which is connected to the inside of the cylinder 31 to drain the water filtered from the excavated soil. A filter screen 34, made of stainless steel, is fixedly installed inside the drainage port 35 to filter out mud, sand, and impurities from the excavated soil, preventing impurities from clogging the drainage port 35 and ensuring smooth drainage. The filter screen 34 smoothly transitions to the inner wall of the cylinder 31 without protrusions or sharp edges, preventing the excavated soil from getting stuck at the connection between the filter screen 34 and the cylinder 31 during transportation and ensuring the continuity of excavated soil transportation. The bottom end of the drainage interface 35 is fixedly connected to a support box 36 via a flange. The support box 36 is used to collect the silt and impurities filtered from the filter screen 34, preventing direct discharge of silt and sand that could cause environmental pollution. A control valve 38 is connected to the bottom of the support box 36. The control valve 38 is a ball valve, allowing operators to periodically open it to drain the silt and impurities from the support box 36, preventing excessive accumulation that could affect drainage. Simultaneously, the control valve 38 can be connected to an external drainage pump to automatically pump out the accumulated water from the support box 36. Figure 2 As shown, the outer wall of the cylinder 31 is connected to a flushing pipe 39. One end of the flushing pipe 39 is connected to the cylinder 31, and the other end is connected to an external water source. After the operation is completed, the external water source is turned on, and clean water is injected into the cylinder 31 through the flushing pipe 39 to flush the inner wall of the cylinder 31 and the screw conveyor roller 33, so as to avoid soil residue from clumping and affecting the next operation, and at the same time extend the service life of the screw conveyor 3.
[0058] A support frame 37 is welded to the bottom of the cylinder 31. The support frame 37 has a T-shaped structure, and its bottom is in close contact with the ground. The T-shaped structure increases the contact area with the ground, improves the stability of the support, and prevents the support frame 37 from sinking or tilting. At the same time, the support frame 37 is also the installation base for the limit component 8. Figure 4The limiting component 8 shown is installed on the support frame 37 and works in conjunction with the positioning component 7 to limit the bearing steel plate 9, preventing the horizontal friction force generated when the transport vehicle brakes from causing the bearing steel plate 9 to shift, thus ensuring accurate material discharge position. The limiting component 8 includes a sliding base 81, a support column 82, a clamping plate 83, a rotating base 84, a drive base plate 85, and an insert rod 86. The sliding base 81 is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the support frame 37. A wear-resistant bushing is provided between the sliding base 81 and the support frame 37 to reduce sliding friction and facilitate the sliding base 81 to slide up and down along the support frame 37. A dust cover is provided at the mating point between the sliding base 81 and the support frame 37. The dust cover is made of flexible wear-resistant rubber material, and its two ends are sealed to the sliding base 81 and the support frame 37 respectively by clamps. The clamps are made of stainless steel to prevent corrosion. The length of the dust cover is adapted to the sliding stroke of the support frame 37, and it can slide synchronously with the sliding base 81 without affecting its movement trajectory, while effectively preventing dust and sand from entering the sliding gap. A support column 82 is welded to one side of the sliding base 81. The support column 82 connects the sliding base 81 and the pressure plate 83, serving to transmit force. A pressure plate 83 is welded to the bottom of the support column 82. The pressure plate 83 has a rectangular structure and covers the top of one side of the bearing steel plate 9, providing a pressure effect on the bearing steel plate 9. Figure 6 The bottom of the clamping plate 83 shown has multiple insertion rods 86 welded on it, and the top of the bearing steel plate 9 has corresponding insertion holes 91. The insertion rods 86 correspond one-to-one with the insertion holes 91. By inserting the insertion rods 86 into the insertion holes 91, the bearing steel plate 9 is limited and prevented from horizontal displacement.
[0059] like Figure 5As shown, a drive base plate 85 is rotatably connected to one side of the clamping plate 83 via a rotating base 84. The rotating base 84 adopts a hinge structure to ensure that the drive base plate 85 can rotate flexibly around the rotating base 84. The surface of the drive base plate 85 is treated with anti-slip material to increase the friction with the wheels of the transport vehicle and prevent slippage when the wheels run over it. When the vehicle passes by, the drive base plate 85 can be used to drive the clamping plate 83 downward to press against the bearing steel plate 9. A ball socket base 74 is welded to the top of the drive base 85. The ball socket base 74 corresponds to the support rod 72 of the positioning component 7. A ball head 73 is embedded in the ball socket base 74. The ball head 73 is welded to the bottom end of the support rod 72. A sealing cover plate 75 is fitted on the outer wall of the ball head 73. The sealing cover plate 75 is fixedly connected to the ball socket base 74 by bolts, which restricts the ball head 73 inside the ball socket base 74 and prevents the ball head 73 from coming out of the ball socket base 74. A nitrile rubber sealing ring is provided at the connection between the sealing cover plate 75 and the ball socket base 74. The sealing ring is embedded in the sealing groove of the ball socket base 74. The sealing cover plate 75 is pressed by bolts to achieve sealing protection, prevent mud and debris from entering the ball socket base 74, ensure that the ball head 73 rotates flexibly, and at the same time prevent the ball head 73 and the ball socket base 74 from rusting. The ball head 73 and the ball socket base 74 work together to enable the support pole 72 to rotate at multiple angles, ensuring that the support pole 72 is always in close contact with the bearing steel plate 9, while also adapting to the rotation of the drive base plate 85.
[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the load-bearing steel plate 9 is laid on the ground on one side of the pit body 1, directly below the discharge pipe 6, to bear the weight of the transport vehicle. The load-bearing steel plate 9 is made of high-strength wear-resistant steel plate, possessing sufficient load-bearing strength to withstand the impact of the transport vehicle's weight. The surface is treated with anti-slip material to prevent the transport vehicle from slipping when driving on it. The dimensions of the load-bearing steel plate 9 are designed according to the wheel track of the transport vehicle to ensure that when the transport vehicle is parked, the wheels can fully rest on the load-bearing steel plate 9, ensuring that the load-bearing steel plate 9 can evenly bear the weight of the transport vehicle and avoid excessive local stress that could lead to deformation.
[0061] The positioning component 7 is installed at the bottom end of the discharge pipe 6 and works in conjunction with the bearing steel plate 9. It is used to adjust the height of the discharge pipe 6 synchronously with the settlement of the bearing steel plate 9, ensuring that the bottom end of the discharge pipe 6 always maintains a suitable distance from the bottom plate of the transport vehicle, avoiding soil spillage due to excessive distance or collision between the discharge pipe 6 and the vehicle body due to excessive distance. The positioning component 7 includes two connecting ribs 71, a support rod 72, a ball head 73, a ball socket base 74, and a sealing cover plate 75. The two connecting ribs 71 are symmetrically welded to both sides of the bottom end of the discharge pipe 6 to fix the support rod 72. The support rod 72 is vertically welded to the outer end of the connecting ribs 71. The bottom end of the support rod 72 is in close contact with the upper surface of the bearing steel plate 9 without gaps. When the transport vehicle stops on the bearing steel plate 9, and the bearing steel plate 9 sinks due to the force, the support column 72 will sink synchronously with the bearing steel plate 9, thereby driving the bottom end of the discharge pipe 6 to descend synchronously, always maintaining a suitable distance from the bottom plate of the transport vehicle's cargo box; when the transport vehicle drives away and the bearing steel plate 9 returns to its original position, the support column 72 will also rise, driving the discharge pipe 6 to return to its original position. No additional power is required for the pure mechanical structure to achieve self-adjustment, adapting to complex working environments such as muddy ground.
[0062] A feed hopper 4 is welded to the top of the frame 2. The feed hopper 4 has a funnel-shaped structure and is used to receive and transport earth. The bottom end of the feed hopper 4 is aligned with the feed inlet of the screw conveyor 3 and is fixedly connected to the feed inlet to ensure that the earth in the feed hopper 4 can smoothly enter the screw conveyor 3 and avoid feed blockage. Multiple guide rods 5 are welded to the top of the feed hopper 4. The multiple guide rods 5 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The guide rods 5 are wedge-shaped. During operation, the earth is poured into the top of the feed hopper 4. The guide rods 5 can filter the stones in the earth and intercept the larger stones at the top of the feed hopper 4 to prevent the stones from entering the screw conveyor 3 and causing the screw conveyor roller 33 to jam or wear. At the same time, the wedge-shaped guide rods 5 can use the inclined surface to guide the intercepted stones to one side of the feed hopper 4, which is convenient for the staff to clean regularly and prevent the stones from accumulating and blocking the feed inlet.
[0063] like Figure 7 , 8The feeding assembly 10 shown is installed between the feed hopper 4 and the screw conveyor 3. It is used to push the soil in the feed hopper 4 into the screw conveyor 3 evenly, to prevent the soil from accumulating in the feed hopper 4 and to ensure smooth feeding. The feeding assembly 10 includes a rectangular through hole 105, a sliding block 106, a sealing plate 110, a pusher plate 109, an eccentric turntable 101, a guide seat 102, a sliding connecting rod 103, a rolling wheel 104, an extension connecting rod 107, and a sliding ring 108. A rectangular through-hole 105 is formed on one side wall of the feed hopper 4. A sliding block 106 is slidably installed inside the rectangular through-hole 105. A high-temperature and wear-resistant sealing gasket is provided at the mating point between the sliding block 106 and the rectangular through-hole 105. The sealing gasket is made of graphite sealing material and is fixed to the inner wall of the rectangular through-hole 105 by countersunk bolts, fitting tightly with the sliding block 106. This prevents dust and sand from entering the interior of the feed hopper 4 and the mating gap, while not affecting the reciprocating sliding of the sliding block 106. It also has a self-lubricating function, reducing wear. A sealing plate 110 is welded to one side of the sliding block 106 inside the feed hopper 4. The size of the sealing plate 110 matches the size of the rectangular through-hole 105. When it moves back and forth, it can completely cover the rectangular through-hole 105, thus sealing it and preventing soil leakage. A pusher plate 109 is welded to the top of the sealing plate 110. The pusher plate 109 is rectangular and fits tightly against the inner wall of the feed hopper 4 to ensure that all the soil in the feed hopper 4 can be pushed into the screw conveyor 3 to avoid residue.
[0064] The sliding block 106 is connected to the screw conveyor roller shaft 33 to transmit power. The specific transmission structure is as follows: an eccentric turntable 101 is welded to the bottom end of the screw conveyor roller shaft 33; a guide seat 102 is welded to one side of the feed hopper 4; a sliding hole is opened through the top of the guide seat 102; a sliding connecting rod 103 is slidably installed in the sliding hole and can slide up and down along the sliding hole; a fluororubber sealing sleeve is provided at the sliding fit between the sliding connecting rod 103 and the guide seat 102; the sealing sleeve is embedded in the assembly hole of the guide seat 102 and fits tightly with the sliding connecting rod 103 to achieve… Sealing and protection: Two rolling wheels 104 are rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the sliding connecting rod 103 via bearings. The two rolling wheels 104 are symmetrically arranged. The edge of the eccentric turntable 101 is located between the two rolling wheels 104 and is in close contact with them. A dustproof cover is provided at the contact point between the rolling wheels 104 and the eccentric turntable 101. The dustproof cover is made of thin steel plate and is fixed to the bottom of the guide seat 102 by bolts. The edge of the cover is provided with a flexible sealing edge that fits against the outer wall of the eccentric turntable 101, which does not affect the rotation and can prevent dust from contacting the transmission components. A sliding ring 108 is rotatably mounted on the top of the sliding connecting rod 103 via a bearing. The sliding ring 108 is slidably sleeved on the extension connecting rod 107. One end of the extension connecting rod 107 is welded and fixed to the sliding block 106. A sealing bellows is sleeved at the mating point between the sliding ring 108 and the extension connecting rod 107. The bellows is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. Both ends are fixedly connected to the sliding ring 108 and the extension connecting rod 107 respectively by clamps to ensure tight sealing, prevent dust and mud from entering the mating gap, and extend the service life of the transmission components. When the screw conveyor roller 33 rotates, it drives the eccentric turntable 101 to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the eccentric turntable 101, its eccentric structure pushes the two rolling wheels 104 to move up and down, thereby driving the sliding connecting rod 103 to slide up and down along the sliding hole of the guide seat 102. When the sliding connecting rod 103 slides up and down, it drives the extension connecting rod 107 to move up and down through the sliding ring sleeve 108. At the same time, the sliding ring sleeve 108 slides on the extension connecting rod 107, and the extension connecting rod 107 drives the sliding block 106 to reciprocate along the rectangular through hole 105. The sliding block 106 drives the sealing plate 110 and the push plate 109 to slide back and forth synchronously. During the back and forth sliding process of the push plate 109, the soil in the feed hopper 4 is evenly pushed into the screw conveyor 3 to ensure smooth feeding and avoid soil accumulation. The sliding connection between the sliding rod 103 and the guide seat 102 is provided with a sealing sleeve. The contact point between the rolling wheel 104 and the eccentric turntable 101 is provided with a dustproof cover. The dustproof cover is fixed to the bottom of the guide seat 102 to prevent dust and mud from contacting the transmission components and extend the service life of the components.
[0065] It also includes a PLC controller, which is fixedly installed on one side of the frame 2 and electrically connected to the drive motor 32. The PLC controller is used to control the start, stop and speed adjustment of the drive motor 32 to achieve precise control of the earthwork conveying speed. During construction, the operator can issue control commands through the control panel of the PLC controller to ensure that each process is carried out in a coordinated manner.
[0066] The specific construction method for the efficient earthmoving device in this confined space is as follows:
[0067] First, the supporting steel plate 9 is laid steadily at the designated position on one side of the foundation pit 1, ensuring that the supporting steel plate 9 is in close contact with the ground without any looseness. Then, the position of the support frame 37 is adjusted so that the clamping plate 83 of the limiting component 8 is on top of the supporting steel plate 9. At the same time, the position of the sliding base 81 is adjusted so that the insertion rod 86 at the bottom of the clamping plate 83 is aligned with the insertion hole 91 at the top of the supporting steel plate 9. This ensures that the bottom end of the support rod 72 of the positioning component 7 is in close contact with the upper surface of the supporting steel plate 9. At this time, the bottom end of the discharge pipe 6 is kept at a suitable distance from the bottom plate of the transport vehicle waiting to be parked, ensuring that the excavated soil can fall smoothly into the vehicle while avoiding collisions. Check the connection of each component to ensure that the frame 2, screw conveyor 3, feed hopper 4 and other components are firmly connected, the filter screen 34 is not blocked, the control valve 38 is in the closed state, the flushing pipe 39 is connected to the external water source, and the transmission components of the feeding component 10 are flexible and without jamming.
[0068] Start the drive motor 32, which drives the spiral conveyor roller 33 to rotate via the coupling. While the spiral conveyor roller 33 rotates, the eccentric turntable 101 at its bottom rotates synchronously. The eccentric turntable 101 pushes the two rolling wheels 104 to move up and down, which in turn drives the sliding connecting rod 103 to slide up and down along the sliding hole of the guide seat 102. The sliding connecting rod 103 drives the extension connecting rod 107 to move up and down via the sliding ring sleeve 108. The extension connecting rod 107 drives the sliding block 106 to slide back and forth along the rectangular through hole 105. The sliding block 106 drives the sealing plate 110 and the pushing plate 109 to slide back and forth synchronously. At this time, the feeding assembly 10 enters the working state and is ready to push the soil.
[0069] The excavated soil to be transported is poured into the top of the feed hopper 4. The guide rod 5 at the top of the feed hopper 4 filters the soil, intercepting large stones at the top of the feed hopper 4 to prevent them from entering the screw conveyor 3 and damaging its components. The intercepted stones slide along the wedge-shaped inclined surface of the guide rod 5 to both sides of the feed hopper 4 for easy cleaning later. The filtered soil enters the feed hopper 4 and is evenly pushed into the cylinder 31 of the screw conveyor 3 by the reciprocating sliding pusher plate 109. The pusher plate 109 fits tightly against the inner wall of the feed hopper 4, ensuring that all the soil in the feed hopper 4 is pushed in, preventing residue accumulation. The soil entering the cylinder 31 is conveyed upward by the rotation of the screw conveyor roller 33. During the conveying process, the moisture in the soil is filtered by the filter screen 34, and the filtered moisture flows into the bearing box 36 through the drain port 35. The mud and impurities are intercepted by the filter screen 34 and remain in the bearing box 36.
[0070] When the transport vehicle reverses and stops on the supporting steel plate 9, the wheels will run over the drive base plate 85 of the limiting component 8. Under the pressure of the wheels, the drive base plate 85 rotates downward around the rotating base 84, which in turn pushes the clamping plate 83 to move downward. The clamping plate 83 drives the bottom insertion rod 86 to move downward and insert into the insertion hole 91 at the top of the supporting steel plate 9, thus completing the limiting and fixing of the supporting steel plate 9 and preventing the horizontal friction force generated when the transport vehicle brakes from causing the supporting steel plate 9 to shift, ensuring accurate material discharge position. At the same time, when the drive base plate 85 rotates downward, it will drive the support rod 72 to move downward through the ball socket base 74 and ball head 73. The support rod 72 drives the bottom end of the discharge pipe 6 to move downward synchronously, so that the bottom end of the discharge pipe 6 always maintains a suitable distance from the bottom plate of the transport vehicle, avoiding soil spillage or collision between the discharge pipe 6 and the vehicle body.
[0071] The screw conveyor 3 transports the soil upwards to the discharge port, where it falls precisely into the transport vehicle's compartment through the discharge pipe 6, completing the soil transfer. Simultaneously, an external water pump is activated, and control valve 38 is opened to drain the mud, sand, and water from the carrying box 36, preventing blockage of the drainage interface 35 and ensuring effective drainage. Additionally, stones trapped at the top of the feed hopper 4 are periodically removed to prevent excessive stone accumulation and blockage of the feed inlet, ensuring smooth feeding.
[0072] After the earthmoving operation is completed, turn off the drive motor 32 and stop the operation of the screw conveyor 3 and the feeding assembly 10. Turn on the external water source and inject clean water into the cylinder 31 through the flushing pipe 39 to flush the inner wall of the cylinder 31 and the screw conveyor roller 33, washing away any remaining earth to prevent it from clumping and affecting the next operation. After flushing, turn off the external water source, open the control valve 38 to discharge the wastewater and residual mud generated during flushing, and then close the control valve 38. Finally, clean the stones on top of the feed hopper 4 and the debris around the equipment, adjust all components to their initial positions, and retract and store the supporting steel plate 9 to complete the entire operation process.
[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency earthmoving device for confined spaces, characterized in that, The system includes a frame (2) fixedly installed at the bottom of the foundation pit (1), a screw conveyor (3) fixedly mounted on the frame (2), a bearing steel plate (9) laid on the ground outside the foundation pit (1), and a positioning component (7) and a limiting component (8) that are linked and cooperate with the bearing steel plate (9). The discharge port of the screw conveyor (3) is sealed and connected to a discharge pipe (6), and the discharge pipe (6) is mounted on the positioning component (7). The positioning component (7) includes two connecting ribs (71) and a support rod (72). The two connecting ribs (71) are symmetrically welded to both sides of the bottom end of the discharge pipe (6), and the support rod (72) is vertically welded to the outer end of the connecting ribs (71). Its bottom end is in close contact with the upper surface of the bearing steel plate (9). When the bearing steel plate (9) sinks, the support rod (72) sinks synchronously and drives the discharge pipe to sink. The material pipe (6) descends; the bottom of the screw conveyor (3) on the ground side outside the pit body (1) is welded and fixed with a T-shaped support frame (37). The limiting component (8) includes a sliding base (81), a support column (82), a pressure plate (83) and an insert rod (86). The sliding base (81) is slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the support frame (37). The support column (82) is vertically welded to one side of the sliding base (81). The pressure plate (83) is horizontally welded to the bottom of the support column (82) and covers the top of the bearing steel plate (9). The insert rod (86) is vertically welded to the bottom of the pressure plate (83). The top of the bearing steel plate (9) is provided with an insert hole (91) corresponding to the insert rod (86). The insert rod (86) is inserted into the insert hole (91) to realize the limiting and fixing of the bearing steel plate (9).
2. The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw conveyor (3) includes a cylinder (31), a drive motor (32) and a screw conveyor roller (33). The cylinder (31) is fixedly embedded in the frame (2). The screw conveyor roller (33) is rotatably mounted inside the cylinder (31). The drive motor (32) is fixedly installed at the top of the cylinder (31). Its output end is coaxially fixedly connected to the screw conveyor roller (33). After the drive motor (32) starts, it drives the screw conveyor roller (33) to rotate, thereby realizing the conveying in the soil direction.
3. The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the cylinder (31) is integrally formed with a drainage interface (35), and a filter screen (34) is fixedly embedded in the drainage interface (35). The filter screen (34) is smoothly transitioned to the inner wall of the cylinder (31). A bearing box (36) is sealed and fixed at the bottom of the drainage interface (35). A control valve (38) is connected to the bottom of the bearing box (36), and a flushing pipe (39) is connected to the outer wall of the cylinder (31).
4. The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping plate (83) is rotatably mounted on one side via a rotating base (84) with a drive base (85). A ball socket base (74) is welded and fixed to the top of the drive base (85). The ball socket base (74) is correspondingly set with the support rod (72). A ball head (73) is embedded inside the ball socket base (74). The ball head (73) is welded and fixed to the bottom end of the support rod (72). A sealing cover plate (75) is fitted on the outer wall of the ball head (73). The sealing cover plate (75) is fixedly connected to the ball socket base (74) by bolts, limiting the ball head (73) inside the ball socket base (74). When the transport vehicle crushes the drive base (85), the drive base (85) rotates downward around the rotating base (84), pushing the clamping plate (83) to move downward, forcing the insertion rod (86) to insert into the insertion hole (91). At the same time, the support rod (72) is driven to move downward through the ball socket base (74) and the ball head (73), accurately adjusting the bottom height of the discharge pipe (6).
5. The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces according to claim 4, characterized in that, The top of the frame (2) is fixedly installed with a feed hopper (4) corresponding to the feed inlet of the screw conveyor (3). Multiple guide rods (5) are welded and fixed on the top of the feed hopper (4). The multiple guide rods (5) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and have a wedge-shaped structure.
6. The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a feeding assembly (10), which includes a rectangular through hole (105), a sliding block (106), a sealing plate (110), and a pusher plate (109). The rectangular through hole (105) is opened on one side wall of the feed hopper (4). The sliding block (106) is slidably assembled in the rectangular through hole (105). The sealing plate (110) is welded and fixed to one side of the sliding block (106) located in the feed hopper (4) to seal the rectangular through hole (105). The pusher plate (109) is welded and fixed to the top of the sealing plate (110). The sliding block (106) is connected to the screw conveyor roller shaft (33) for transmission. When the screw conveyor roller shaft (33) rotates, it drives the pusher plate (109) to slide back and forth along the rectangular through hole (105) to push the soil in the feed hopper (4) into the screw conveyor (3) evenly, so as to avoid feed blockage.
7. The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feeding assembly (10) also includes an eccentric turntable (101), a guide seat (102), a sliding connecting rod (103), a rolling wheel (104), an extension connecting rod (107), and a sliding ring (108). The eccentric turntable (101) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the spiral conveying roller shaft (33). The guide seat (102) is welded and fixed on one side of the feed hopper (4). The sliding connecting rod (103) is slidably mounted on the top of the guide seat (102). The two rolling wheels (104) are symmetrically rotated and mounted on the bottom end of the sliding connecting rod (103). The edge of the eccentric turntable (101) is located between the two rolling wheels (104) and is tightly fitted with the rolling wheels (104). The sliding ring (108) is rotatably mounted on the top end of the sliding connecting rod (103) and is slidably sleeved on the extension connecting rod (107). One end of the extension connecting rod (107) is welded and fixed to the sliding block (106).
8. The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge pipe (6) is made of corrugated telescopic pipe. Its two ends are sealed and fixed to the discharge port and the connecting rib (71) of the screw conveyor (3) respectively through flanges. The diameter of the discharge pipe (6) matches the diameter of the discharge port of the screw conveyor (3). The metal corrugated hose has axial extension and retraction freedom, which is adapted to the length change requirements of the positioning component (7) when driving the discharge pipe (6) to rise and fall.
9. The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, A dust cover is fitted at the joint between the sliding base (81) and the support frame (37).
10. A method for efficient earthwork transport in confined spaces, characterized in that, The efficient earthmoving device for confined spaces as described in claim 7 includes the following steps: S1. Lay the bearing steel plate (9) smoothly on the designated position on one side of the pit body (1), adjust the position of the support frame (37) and the sliding base (81) so that the insertion rod (86) is aligned with the insertion hole (91), and the bottom end of the support pole (72) is in close contact with the bearing steel plate (9) to ensure that the bottom end of the discharge pipe (6) is at a set distance from the bottom plate of the transport vehicle to be parked, and check that the connection of each component is firm and the transmission is flexible. S2. Start the drive motor (32). The drive motor (32) drives the spiral conveyor roller (33) to rotate, and synchronously drives the eccentric turntable (101) to rotate. Through the sliding link (103) and the extension link (107), the push plate (109) is driven to slide back and forth along the rectangular through hole (105), so that the feeding assembly (10) enters the working state. S3. The soil to be transported is poured into the top of the feed hopper (4). The guide rod (5) filters the stones and guides the stones to both sides of the feed hopper (4). The filtered soil is pushed into the cylinder (31) of the screw conveyor (3) by the push plate (109). It is then conveyed upward by the screw conveyor roller (33). The water in the soil is filtered by the filter screen (34) and flows into the bearing box (36). S4. The transport vehicle reverses and stops on the bearing steel plate (9). The wheels roll over the drive base plate (85), driving the clamping plate (83) to move down, so that the insertion rod (86) is inserted into the insertion hole (91) to limit the bearing steel plate (9). At the same time, the support rod (72) and the discharge pipe (6) are driven down to maintain the set distance between the discharge pipe (6) and the bottom plate of the car body. The soil falls into the car body through the discharge pipe (6). S5. During the operation, the control valve (38) is opened regularly to discharge the mud and water in the bearing box (36) and to clean the stones intercepted at the top of the feed hopper (4); S6. After the operation is completed, turn off the drive motor (32), inject clean water into the cylinder (31) through the flushing pipe (39) to flush the components, discharge the flushing sewage and residual mud and sand, clean up the debris around the equipment, adjust each component to the initial position, and put away the bearing steel plate (9) for storage.