Adjustable frequency damper of conical spring and its adjusting method

Abstract

This invention discloses an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing vibration damper based on a conical spring and its adjustment method, belonging to the field of vibration control technology. The vibration damper includes: a conical spring assembly, a spring oscillator, a lead screw adjustment mechanism, and a frequency modulation control system. The frequency modulation control system can control the adjustment lead screw to compress or release the conical spring assembly. The communication circuit enables bidirectional communication for data uploading and command reception. The frequency modulation control system collects vibration information through an accelerometer and transmits it to the main control chip circuit. After processing by the main control chip, it outputs control commands to drive a stepper motor. The stepper motor drives the adjustment lead screw to rotate, thereby changing the preload of the conical spring and achieving dynamic adjustment of the vibration absorption frequency of the noise-absorbing vibration damper, forming a closed-loop adaptive control system. This invention can achieve dynamic and precise adjustment of the system's natural frequency, has a convenient structural design, a wide adjustment range, and is suitable for narrow-frequency vibration suppression needs in fields such as mechanical systems and vehicle engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vibration control technology, specifically relating to an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing vibration damper for a conical spring and its adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the times and the innovation of technology, many pieces of equipment that generate noise and vibration are used in people's production and daily life, such as fans, compressors, machine tools, transformers, generators, and engines, which are ubiquitous. The existence of noise and vibration has a profound or far-reaching impact on both the human body and equipment. On the one hand, it causes hearing and psychological harm to workers and nearby residents; on the other hand, it reduces the working performance and service life of equipment. Therefore, most vibration noise needs to be controlled and eliminated using methods such as reduction, absorption, and isolation. Silencing vibration dampers are an economical and effective control device. Previous silent vibration dampers, such as rubber dampers and ordinary spring dampers, adopted a fixed frequency design. Their vibration absorption frequency could not be adjusted according to changes in equipment operating conditions, making it difficult to match the narrow frequency range vibration suppression requirements of dynamically changing vibration sources.

[0003] As an improvement, various adjustable frequency noise dampers have emerged to address the shortcomings of fixed frequencies. These devices can adapt to the frequency changes of vibration sources to some extent. However, the research and development of such adjustable noise dampers are mostly focused on the optimization design of mechanical structures. There are still some shortcomings in the circuit control and intelligent adjustment aspects, and the efficient synergy between structure and circuit control has not been achieved.

[0004] Existing adjustable frequency vibration dampers mostly employ a single vibration acquisition mode in their control circuits. The sensors lack differentiated sampling designs, making it impossible to accurately acquire vibration data across the entire adjustment stroke of the elastic element. Furthermore, the main control circuit lacks professional filtering, noise reduction, and feature extraction processes for the acquired raw vibration data, making it difficult to generate accurate vibration absorption curves based on the vibration data and quickly determine the optimal vibration absorption position of the elastic element. Simultaneously, the closed-loop control system of existing vibration dampers is incomplete. The linkage control between the main control circuit and the actuator motor lacks precise algorithmic support. Real-time monitoring of the vibration source can only achieve simple threshold comparisons. When the vibration amplitude exceeds the limit, it cannot automatically trigger a standardized recalibration process, making it difficult to achieve real-time, high-precision adaptation to dynamic changes in the vibration source. This results in limited adjustment accuracy and response speed of the vibration damper, and insufficient efficiency and stability in narrow-frequency vibration suppression.

[0005] In summary, the closed-loop control system of current adjustable frequency noise reduction and vibration damping devices is not perfect, resulting in limited adjustment accuracy and response speed; the adaptability to dynamic changes of vibration sources needs to be optimized, and the response speed and stability of narrow frequency domain vibration reduction are not good. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing vibration damper with a conical spring and its adjustment method. The purpose is to solve the problems in the current adjustable frequency noise-absorbing vibration dampers, such as the imperfect closed-loop control system, which leads to limited adjustment accuracy and response speed; the need to optimize the adaptability to the dynamic changes of the vibration source; and the poor response speed and stability of narrow frequency domain vibration reduction.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for conical springs, comprising a conical spring assembly, a spring oscillator, a lead screw adjustment mechanism, and a frequency modulation control system; The spring oscillator includes an oscillator frame, inside which a conical spring assembly and an acceleration sensor are installed; the lead screw adjustment mechanism includes an adjusting lead screw and a stepper motor, and the frequency modulation control system can control the adjusting lead screw to compress or release the conical spring assembly. The frequency modulation control system includes a main control chip circuit, a sensor circuit, and a communication circuit. The sensor circuit is electrically connected to the accelerometer. The main control chip circuit is electrically connected to the sensor circuit, the communication circuit, and the stepper motor. The communication circuit can realize bidirectional communication for data uploading and command reception. The frequency modulation control system collects vibration information through an accelerometer and transmits it to the main control chip circuit. After the main control chip processes the data, it outputs control commands to drive the stepper motor. The stepper motor drives the adjusting screw to rotate, thereby changing the preload of the conical spring and thus realizing the dynamic adjustment of the vibration absorption frequency of the noise muffler, forming a closed-loop adaptive control system.

[0008] In some implementations, the main control chip circuit of the frequency modulation control system uses an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller as the main control chip; the accelerometer is a triaxial accelerometer MPU6050, which is used to collect vibration information of the frequency, amplitude and direction of the vibration source.

[0009] In some implementations, the main control chip circuit can output control commands to drive the stepper motor to move the adjusting screw, compressing the conical spring assembly from its initial zero-position free length state to a fully compressed state, while simultaneously triggering the acceleration sensor to collect vibration information.

[0010] Furthermore, during the full-stroke data acquisition stage of the conical spring assembly from its free length to its fully compressed state, the main control chip circuit controls the accelerometer to continuously acquire vibration information at a sampling frequency of the first preset frequency, and transmits the acquired raw vibration data to the main control chip circuit in real time.

[0011] Furthermore, the main control chip circuit can filter, reduce noise, and extract features from the received raw vibration data, and generate a vibration absorption effect curve based on the processed data; the frequency modulation control system also includes an external data storage chip, which is electrically connected to the main control chip circuit and is used to store the vibration absorption effect curve and the raw vibration parameters.

[0012] Furthermore, the main control chip circuit has a built-in PID control algorithm, which can determine the compression position of the conical spring group corresponding to the best vibration absorption effect based on the stored vibration absorption effect curve, and calculate the corresponding compression stroke of the conical spring group and the rotation angle of the stepper motor. Based on the calculation results, a pulse control command is generated and output to the stepper motor.

[0013] Furthermore, the main control chip circuit can control the operating speed and rotation direction of the stepper motor by adjusting the pulse frequency and duty cycle of the output pulse control command, thereby achieving high-precision positioning of the stepper motor.

[0014] In some implementations, after the main control chip circuit completes the initial compression position adjustment of the conical spring assembly, it controls the acceleration sensor to switch to the sampling frequency of the second preset frequency to continuously collect vibration information in order to realize real-time monitoring of the vibration source and compare the real-time monitoring data with the preset threshold in real time. When the main control chip circuit determines that the real-time monitored vibration amplitude exceeds the preset threshold, it will automatically trigger the recalibration process of the closed-loop adaptive control system.

[0015] In some implementations, the communication circuit of the frequency modulation control system adopts an industrial-grade RS485 bus to realize bidirectional communication between the main control chip circuit and external devices for data uploading and command reception.

[0016] The present invention also provides an adjustment method for an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing vibration damper based on a conical spring, which includes the following steps: S1. The main control chip circuit outputs control commands to drive the stepper motor to run. The stepper motor drives the adjusting screw to rotate, compressing the conical spring assembly from the initial free length state to the fully compressed state. During the process, the main control chip circuit controls the acceleration sensor to continuously collect the vibration information of the vibration source, and transmits the collected vibration information to the main control chip circuit through the sensor circuit. S2. The main control chip circuit processes the received vibration information and generates a vibration absorption effect curve. Based on the vibration absorption effect curve, it calculates the compression position of the conical spring group corresponding to the best vibration absorption effect, as well as the corresponding rotation angle of the stepper motor. S3. The main control chip circuit outputs control commands based on the calculation results to drive the stepper motor to run, which in turn drives the adjusting screw to rotate and adjusts the conical spring group to the compression position with the best vibration absorption effect, thereby changing the preload of the conical spring group to match the vibration frequency of the vibration source. S4. The main control chip circuit controls the accelerometer to continuously monitor the vibration information of the vibration source and transmits the monitoring data to the main control chip circuit in real time. The main control chip circuit compares the monitoring data with the preset threshold. If the monitoring data does not exceed the preset threshold, the current preload of the conical spring group is maintained. If the monitoring data exceeds the preset threshold, it returns to S2 and re-executes the full-stroke compression acquisition, data processing and position adjustment operations to form a closed-loop adaptive control.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device with conical spring and its adjustment method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: This invention discloses an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing vibration damper using conical springs. The conical spring assembly is housed within the oscillator frame of the spring oscillator section. An adjusting screw and a stepper motor mechanically adjust the preload of the conical spring assembly. The invention also includes a frequency modulation control system comprising a main control chip circuit, a sensor circuit, and a communication circuit, thus integrating the circuit control system with the mechanical adjustment structure. In this invention, vibration information collected by an accelerometer is stably transmitted to the main control chip circuit via the sensor circuit. After processing, a control command is output to drive the stepper motor, which in turn rotates the adjusting screw to precisely change the preload of the conical spring assembly. This achieves dynamic adjustment of the vibration absorption frequency of the noise-absorbing vibration damper, forming a closed-loop adaptive control system. This improves upon the problem that existing fixed-frequency noise-absorbing vibration dampers cannot match the dynamically changing conditions of vibration sources.

[0018] Meanwhile, the communication circuit of this invention enables bidirectional communication for data uploading and command reception, providing the ability to interact with external devices. Using a conical spring assembly as the core elastic component, combined with the electric adjustment of the lead screw mechanism, the change in preload is more continuous, enabling continuous dynamic adjustment of the vibration absorption frequency. The synergy between the mechanical structure and the circuit system makes the vibration reduction and noise reduction effect of the muffler more stable. The adjustment and control logic is simple and clear, providing technical support for subsequent circuit control and mechanical adjustment, improving the automation level of the adjustable frequency muffler adjustment, and forming a highly efficient closed-loop control. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the invention and constitute a part of this invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to the present invention. Figure 2This is a flowchart illustrating the adjustment method of an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spring oscillator section in the prior art of an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the screw adjustment mechanism in the prior art of an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device with a conical spring according to the present invention.

[0021] Among them, 1. Conical spring assembly; 2. Spring oscillator part; 21. Magnet; 22. Base plate; 23. Accelerometer; 24. Spring oscillator; 25. Top plate; 26. First support column; 27. Second support column; 28. Intermediate connecting column. 3. Screw adjustment mechanism; 31. Adjusting screw; 32. Coupling; 33. Motor mounting bracket; 34. Stepper motor; 4. Frequency modulation control system. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0024] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] Based on this, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides an adjustable frequency noise-reducing and vibration-damping device for conical springs, comprising a conical spring assembly 1, a spring oscillator 2, a lead screw adjustment mechanism 3, and a frequency modulation control system 4; wherein, The spring oscillator 2 includes an oscillator frame, inside which a conical spring assembly 1 and an acceleration sensor 23 are installed; the lead screw adjustment mechanism 3 includes an adjustment lead screw 31 and a stepper motor 34; the frequency modulation control system 4 can control the adjustment lead screw 31 to compress or release the conical spring assembly 1. The frequency modulation control system 4 includes a main control chip circuit, a sensor circuit, and a communication circuit. The sensor circuit is electrically connected to the accelerometer 23. The main control chip circuit is electrically connected to the sensor circuit, the communication circuit, and the stepper motor 34. The communication circuit can realize bidirectional communication for data uploading and command reception. The frequency modulation control system 4 collects vibration information through the acceleration sensor 23 and transmits it to the main control chip circuit. After the main control chip processes the information, it outputs control commands to drive the stepper motor 34 to run. The stepper motor 34 drives the adjusting screw 31 to rotate, so as to change the preload of the conical spring 1, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the vibration absorption frequency of the noise reduction and vibration damping device, forming a closed-loop adaptive control system.

[0029] This invention discloses an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing vibration damper using conical springs. The conical spring assembly 1 comprises multiple conical springs arranged inside the vibrator frame. Nonlinear stiffness characteristics are achieved through a customized variable pitch design of the conical springs. Combined with a lead screw adjustment mechanism driven by a stepper motor and a closed-loop frequency modulation control system, dynamic and precise adjustment of the system's natural frequency is realized. This invention's adjustable frequency noise-absorbing vibration damper features a simple structure, high adjustment accuracy, and a wide adjustment range, making it particularly suitable for narrow-frequency vibration suppression requirements in fields such as mechanical systems and vehicle engineering.

[0030] Furthermore, this invention optimizes the performance of the noise-absorbing vibration damper from multiple dimensions, improving its accuracy and response speed in narrow-frequency vibration suppression. The sensor in this invention can collect three-dimensional vibration information of the vibration source, including frequency, amplitude, and direction. A dedicated industrial-grade chip and triaxial sensor ensure more comprehensive and accurate vibration information acquisition. The main control chip circuit of this invention can actively drive a stepper motor to complete the full-stroke compression of the conical spring assembly from its free length to its fully compressed state. Simultaneously, it triggers an accelerometer to collect full-stroke vibration data at a first preset frequency. The main control chip circuit can also filter, reduce noise, and extract features from the raw vibration data, generating a vibration absorption effect curve. This allows the noise-absorbing vibration damper to accurately collect vibration data throughout its entire stroke. The vibration absorption effect curve visually reflects the vibration reduction effect of the conical spring assembly at different compression positions, while an external data storage chip ensures effective data retention.

[0031] The PID control algorithm built into the main control chip circuit of this invention can accurately determine the compression position of the conical spring group corresponding to the optimal vibration absorption effect based on the stored vibration absorption effect curve, and calculate the corresponding compression stroke and the rotation angle of the stepper motor. Furthermore, by adjusting the pulse frequency and duty cycle of the pulse control command, the operating speed and rotation direction of the stepper motor can be controlled respectively, achieving high-precision positioning of the stepper motor and improving the adjustment accuracy of the vibration absorption frequency of the muffler. After completing the initial compression position adjustment, the accelerometer of this invention can switch to a second preset frequency for real-time monitoring of the vibration source. The main control chip circuit compares the real-time monitoring data with a preset threshold in real time. When the vibration amplitude exceeds the preset threshold, the recalibration process of the closed-loop adaptive control system is automatically triggered. The differentiated dual sampling frequencies take into account both full-stroke data acquisition and real-time monitoring, and have certain engineering applicability.

[0032] In some practical working conditions, the conical spring 1 of this invention is a customized variable pitch structure. Nonlinear stiffness is achieved through the coordinated design of parameters such as material, wire diameter, effective number of turns, and outer diameter of the large and small ends. The conical spring 1 passes through the first support column 26 and the second support column 27 on the outer ring of the base plate 22, and is divided into upper and lower layers by the spring oscillator 24. Each layer of the conical spring assembly 1 has three groups, and the nonlinear stiffness characteristics are achieved through gradient arrangement. The operating temperature range of the conical spring assembly 1 is -60℃ to 200℃, and the fatigue life is ≥10. 7 The cycle continues. Magnet 21 is located at the bottom of base plate 22. Spring oscillator 24 and top plate 25 are fixed through three second support columns 27 on the outer ring of base plate 22. Two acceleration sensors 23 are provided, one on base plate 22 and the other on spring oscillator 24.

[0033] like Figure 4-5 As shown, in some working conditions, in the adjustable frequency noise reduction and vibration damping device of the conical spring of the present invention, the spring oscillator 2 includes a magnet 21, a base plate 22, an acceleration sensor 23, a spring oscillator 24, and a top plate 25; the magnet 21 is set at the bottom of the base plate 22, the spring oscillator 24 and the top plate 25 are fixed through the second support column 27 of the outer ring of the base plate 22, and there are two acceleration sensors 23, which are respectively placed on the base plate 22 and the spring oscillator 24. There are six sets of conical springs 1, which are respectively threaded onto the first support column 26 and the second support column 27 of the upper and lower layers of the spring oscillator 2. The screw adjustment mechanism 3 is fixed to the top plate 25 of the spring oscillator 24 with bolts, and its adjusting screw 31 is threaded through the intermediate connecting column 28 on the bottom plate 22 of the spring oscillator 2. The screw adjustment mechanism 3 includes the adjusting screw 31, the coupling 32, the motor fixing bracket 33 and the stepper motor 34. The motor fixing bracket 33 is fixed to the stepper motor 34 with screws and is connected to the adjusting screw 31 through the coupling 32.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention also provides an adjustment method for an adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device with a conical spring, comprising the following steps: S1. The main control chip circuit outputs control commands to drive the stepper motor 34 to operate. The stepper motor 34 drives the adjusting screw 31 to rotate, compressing the conical spring group 1 from the initial free length state to the fully compressed state. During the process, the main control chip circuit controls the acceleration sensor 23 to continuously collect the vibration information of the vibration source, and transmits the collected vibration information to the main control chip circuit through the sensor circuit. S2. The main control chip circuit processes the received vibration information and generates a vibration absorption effect curve. Based on the vibration absorption effect curve, it calculates the compression position of the conical spring group 1 corresponding to the best vibration absorption effect, as well as the corresponding rotation angle of the stepper motor 34. S3. The main control chip circuit outputs control commands based on the calculation results to drive the stepper motor 34 to operate, which in turn drives the adjusting screw 31 to rotate and adjust the conical spring group 1 to the compression position with the best vibration absorption effect, thereby changing the preload of the conical spring group 1 to match the vibration frequency of the vibration source. S4. The main control chip circuit controls the accelerometer 23 to continuously monitor the vibration information of the vibration source and transmits the monitoring data to the main control chip circuit in real time. The main control chip circuit compares the monitoring data with the preset threshold. If the monitoring data does not exceed the preset threshold, the current preload of the conical spring group 1 is maintained. If the monitoring data exceeds the preset threshold, it returns to S2 and re-executes the full-stroke compression acquisition, data processing and position adjustment operations to form a closed-loop adaptive control.

[0035] In some embodiments, in the adjustable frequency noise-absorbing vibration damper of the conical spring of the present invention, the control circuit uses an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller as the main control chip; a three-axis accelerometer MPU6050 is used to acquire vibration information, including the frequency, amplitude and direction of vibration; the communication interaction adopts an industrial-grade RS485 bus to realize bidirectional communication for data uploading and command reception.

[0036] Specifically, firstly, the adjustable frequency noise-absorbing vibration damper of the conical spring of this invention is fixed to a designated position of the vibration source using a magnet to ensure that the vibration signal is transmitted without attenuation. Subsequently, to connect the power supply to the control circuit, the main control chip sends a control command to drive the stepper motor to slowly compress the conical spring from the initial zero position until it is fully compressed. During this process, the sensor continuously collects vibration data at a sampling frequency of 100Hz and transmits it to the main control chip in real time. The chip performs filtering, noise reduction, and feature extraction processing on the raw data to generate a complete vibration absorption effect curve, and synchronously stores the curve data and the original vibration parameters to an external data storage chip.

[0037] After the entire stroke data is collected, the main control chip, based on the stored vibration absorption effect curve, accurately determines the spring compression position corresponding to the optimal vibration absorption effect, and then calculates the required spring compression stroke and stepper motor rotation angle for that position. To achieve high-precision positioning of the stepper motor, a PID control algorithm is adopted. The main control chip generates a corresponding number of pulse signals based on the calculation results and outputs them to the stepper motor. By adjusting the pulse frequency and duty cycle, the motor speed and direction are controlled to ensure that the motor responds quickly and stops accurately at the designated position.

[0038] After initial adjustment, the accelerometer continuously monitors vibration information at a sampling frequency of 50Hz, and the main control chip compares the monitoring data with the preset threshold in real time. When the amplitude exceeds the preset value, the system automatically triggers the recalibration process, repeating the above steps of full-stroke scanning, data acquisition, optimal position determination, and precise positioning, forming a closed-loop adaptive control to ensure that the vibration absorber is always in the optimal working state, achieving real-time adaptation and efficient suppression of the dynamic changes of the vibration source.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Anyone skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention according to the description and above. Any modifications, alterations, or equivalent variations made using the technical content disclosed above are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring, characterized in that, It includes a conical spring assembly (1), a spring oscillator (2), a lead screw adjustment mechanism (3), and a frequency modulation control system (4); wherein: The spring oscillator (2) includes an oscillator frame, and a conical spring assembly (1) and an acceleration sensor (23) are arranged inside the oscillator frame; the lead screw adjustment mechanism (3) includes an adjustment lead screw (31) and a stepper motor (34); the frequency modulation control system (4) can control the adjustment lead screw (31) to compress or release the conical spring assembly (1). The frequency modulation control system (4) includes a main control chip circuit, a sensor circuit and a communication circuit. The sensor circuit is electrically connected to the acceleration sensor (23). The main control chip circuit is electrically connected to the sensor circuit, the communication circuit and the stepper motor (34) respectively. The communication circuit can realize bidirectional communication of data uploading and command receiving. The frequency modulation control system (4) collects vibration information through the acceleration sensor (23) and transmits it to the main control chip circuit. After the main control chip processes the information, it outputs control commands to drive the stepper motor (34) to run. The stepper motor (34) drives the adjusting screw (31) to rotate so as to change the preload of the conical spring (1), thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the vibration absorption frequency of the noise reduction and vibration damping device, forming a closed-loop adaptive control system.

2. The adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control chip circuit of the frequency modulation control system (4) uses an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller as the main control chip; the accelerometer (23) is a triaxial accelerometer MPU6050, which is used to collect the vibration information of the vibration source in terms of frequency, amplitude and direction.

3. The adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control chip circuit can output control commands to drive the stepper motor (34) to drive the adjusting screw (31) to compress the conical spring group (1) from the initial zero position of free length to the fully compressed state, and at the same time trigger the acceleration sensor (23) to collect vibration information synchronously.

4. The adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the full-stroke data acquisition stage of the conical spring assembly (1) from free length to fully compressed state, the main control chip circuit controls the accelerometer (23) to continuously collect vibration information at a sampling frequency of the first preset frequency, and transmits the collected raw vibration data to the main control chip circuit in real time.

5. The adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to claim 4, characterized in that, The main control chip circuit can filter, reduce noise and extract features from the received raw vibration data, and generate a vibration absorption effect curve based on the processed data; the frequency modulation control system (4) also includes an off-chip data storage chip, which is electrically connected to the main control chip circuit and is used to store the vibration absorption effect curve and the raw vibration parameters.

6. The adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to claim 5, characterized in that, The main control chip circuit has a built-in PID control algorithm, which can determine the compression position of the conical spring group (1) corresponding to the best vibration absorption effect based on the stored vibration absorption effect curve, and calculate the compression stroke of the corresponding conical spring group (1) and the rotation angle of the stepper motor (34). Based on the calculation result, a pulse control command is generated and output to the stepper motor (34).

7. The adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to claim 6, characterized in that, The main control chip circuit can control the operating speed and rotation direction of the stepper motor (34) by adjusting the pulse frequency and duty cycle of the output pulse control command, thereby achieving high-precision positioning of the stepper motor (34).

8. The adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the main control chip circuit completes the initial compression position adjustment of the conical spring group (1), it controls the acceleration sensor (23) to switch to the sampling frequency of the second preset frequency to continuously collect vibration information so as to realize real-time monitoring of the vibration source and compare the real-time monitoring data with the preset threshold in real time. When the main control chip circuit determines that the real-time monitored vibration amplitude exceeds the preset threshold, it will automatically trigger the recalibration process of the closed-loop adaptive control system.

9. The adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device for a conical spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication circuit of the frequency modulation control system (4) adopts the industrial-grade RS485 bus mode to realize bidirectional communication between the main control chip circuit and external devices for data uploading and command reception.

10. The adjustment method of the adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device of the conical spring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable frequency noise-absorbing and vibration-damping device based on the conical spring according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1. The main control chip circuit outputs control commands to drive the stepper motor (34) to run. The stepper motor (34) drives the adjusting screw (31) to rotate, compressing the conical spring group (1) from the initial free length state to the fully compressed state. During the process, the main control chip circuit controls the acceleration sensor (23) to continuously collect the vibration information of the vibration source and transmits the collected vibration information to the main control chip circuit through the sensor circuit. S2. The main control chip circuit processes the received vibration information and generates a vibration absorption effect curve. Based on the vibration absorption effect curve, the compression position of the conical spring group (1) corresponding to the best vibration absorption effect and the rotation angle of the corresponding stepper motor (34) are calculated. S3. The main control chip circuit outputs control commands based on the calculation results to drive the stepper motor (34) to run, which in turn drives the adjusting screw (31) to rotate and adjust the conical spring group (1) to the compression position with the best vibration absorption effect, thereby changing the preload of the conical spring group (1) to match the vibration frequency of the vibration source. S4. The main control chip circuit controls the accelerometer (23) to continuously monitor the vibration information of the vibration source and transmits the monitoring data to the main control chip circuit in real time. The main control chip circuit compares the monitoring data with the preset threshold. If the monitoring data does not exceed the preset threshold, the current preload of the conical spring group (1) is maintained. If the monitoring data exceeds the preset threshold, it returns to S2 and re-executes the full stroke compression acquisition, data processing and position adjustment operation to form a closed-loop adaptive control.

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