A multi-region power system carbon emission time sequence simulation method and system

Abstract

This invention discloses a time-series simulation method and system for carbon emissions in a multi-regional power system, comprising: determining the real-time power generation carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power units; determining the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of the thermal power units; constructing an energy-carbon emission model for energy storage units; determining the electrocarbon factor of the energy storage units during the discharge phase based on the energy-carbon emission model and the time-series charge-discharge data of the energy storage units; and correcting the system carbon emissions based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends and the electrocarbon factor of the energy storage units, thereby determining the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at each time period, considering the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage units. This invention achieves accurate measurement of direct carbon emissions from the power system, and simultaneously introduces the electrocarbon factor of the energy storage units to correct system carbon emissions and the electrocarbon factor, thus supporting a more low-carbon, safe, and economical transformation of the power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon emission technology in power systems, and more specifically, to a method and system for time-series simulation of carbon emissions in multi-regional power systems. Background Technology

[0002] The power industry is a major force in carbon emission reduction, accounting for approximately 40% of total social carbon emissions. Power system planning and optimization of peak emission reduction pathways are crucial for the solid advancement of the power industry's progress. Existing carbon emission time-series simulation models, based on time-period output of coal-fired and gas-fired power units, combined with interconnection lines and energy storage models, have formed methods for calculating the time-series results of power system carbon emissions. However, existing methods lack sufficient refinement in the time-series results of direct carbon emissions, interconnection line carbon emission transfer, and energy storage carbon emissions. These models fail to reflect the utilization of clean electricity during production processes, as well as the structure and characteristics of user electricity consumption, making it difficult to guarantee the completeness, authenticity, and transparency of electricity source traceability. Therefore, it is necessary to construct more refined models for the quantification of direct carbon emissions and the spatiotemporal transfer of indirect carbon emissions to make the calculation results more accurate.

[0003] Therefore, a time-series simulation method for carbon emissions in multi-regional power systems is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a time-series simulation method and system for carbon emissions in multi-regional power systems to address the problem of how to efficiently determine the carbon emissions of power systems.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, a time-series simulation method for carbon emissions in a multi-regional power system is provided, the method comprising: Determine the real-time power generation carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power unit, and based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of the thermal power unit, determine the total direct carbon emissions of the power transmission and receiving end power system. An energy-carbon emission model for an energy storage unit is constructed. Based on the energy-carbon emission model and the time-series charge-discharge data of the energy storage unit, the electrocarbon factor during the discharge phase of the energy storage unit is determined. The system carbon emissions are corrected based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends and the carbon factor of the energy storage unit, and the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at each time period at both the sending and receiving ends are determined, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage unit.

[0006] Preferably, determining the real-time carbon emission factor of a unit-level thermal power unit includes: , in, Let X be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, where X is the region number, X1 is the sending-end power system, and X2 is the receiving-end power system. Let be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X under rated operating conditions; , , These are the correction factors for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, taking into account real-time load rate, fuel quality, and the operational status of environmental protection facilities.

[0007] Preferably, determining the total direct carbon emissions of the power transmission and receiving end power systems based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of thermal power units includes: , in, Let be the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X during time period t; I is the number of thermal power units in region X. The unit output of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t; Let be the carbon emission factor for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t.

[0008] Preferably, the energy storage unit energy-carbon emission model includes: , , , , in, Let l be the energy-carbon emission matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The number of energy blocks in the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. For the l-th energy storage unit The total energy of each energy block For the l-th energy storage unit The electrocarbon factor of an energy block; Let t represent the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. If the power is less than zero, it indicates charging; if the power is greater than zero, it indicates discharging; and if the power is equal to zero, it indicates quiescence. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1. Let be the carbon factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Let be the self-consumption coefficient of the l-th energy storage unit. The total amount of energy newly charged into the energy block of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; , The charging and discharging efficiency of the l-th energy storage unit; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; The power generation matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1 is... The total energy of the column The total energy generated by the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t is summed from back to front. The carbon factor of the newly added energy block for the l-th energy storage power source during time period t; The electrocarbon factor of the system at time t; This represents the state of charge of the l-th energy storage unit at the end of time period t. This represents the maximum energy capacity of the l-th energy storage unit.

[0009] Preferably, the determination of the electrocarbon factor during the discharge phase of the energy storage unit, based on the energy-carbon emission model of the energy storage unit and the time-series charge-discharge data of the energy storage unit, includes: , in, The electric carbon factor is the energy released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This is the transpose of the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This represents the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t.

[0010] Preferably, the system carbon emissions are corrected based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends and the electrical carbon factor of the energy storage unit, to determine the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at each time period at both the sending and receiving ends, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage unit, including: The time-period correction value of the electrical carbon factor at the sending end is determined using the following methods: , , The time-period correction value of the receiving end's electrocarbon factor is determined using the following methods: , , , in, The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X1 region at the sending end during time period t. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X1 during time period t. Let be the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; The electric carbon factor for the electricity generated by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Electric carbon factor of power system considering carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in X1 region during time period t; , The power generation of the i-th and j-th generator units in the sending-end X1 region and the receiving-end X2 region during time period t; The power transmitted from region X1 to region X2 during time period t; The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t. For indirect carbon emissions transferred from the sending-end region X1 to the receiving-end region X2 during time period t; The electric carbon factor of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X2 region at time t.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation system is provided, the system comprising: The direct carbon emission total determination unit is used to determine the real-time power generation carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power unit, and to determine the total direct carbon emission of the power transmission and receiving end power system based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of the thermal power unit. An energy storage carbon factor determination unit is used to construct an energy-carbon emission model for an energy storage unit, and to determine the carbon factor of the energy storage unit during the discharge phase based on the energy-carbon emission model and the time-series charge and discharge data of the energy storage unit. The system carbon factor correction unit is used to correct the system carbon emissions based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at the sending and receiving ends and the carbon factor of the energy storage unit, and to determine the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at the sending and receiving ends for each time period, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage.

[0012] Preferably, the direct carbon emission determination unit determines the real-time power generation carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power unit, including: , in, Let X be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, where X is the region number, X1 is the sending-end power system, and X2 is the receiving-end power system. Let be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X under rated operating conditions; , , These are the correction factors for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, taking into account real-time load rate, fuel quality, and the operational status of environmental protection facilities.

[0013] Preferably, the direct carbon emission determination unit determines the total direct carbon emissions of the power transmission and receiving end power systems based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of the thermal power units, including: , in, Let be the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X during time period t; I is the number of thermal power units in region X. The unit output of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t; Let be the carbon emission factor for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t.

[0014] Preferably, the energy storage unit energy-carbon emission model includes: , , , , in, Let l be the energy-carbon emission matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The number of energy blocks in the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. For the l-th energy storage unit The total energy of each energy block For the l-th energy storage unit The electrocarbon factor of an energy block; Let t represent the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. If the power is less than zero, it indicates charging; if the power is greater than zero, it indicates discharging; and if the power is equal to zero, it indicates quiescence. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1. Let be the carbon factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Let be the self-consumption coefficient of the l-th energy storage unit. The total amount of energy newly charged into the energy block of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; , The charging and discharging efficiency of the l-th energy storage unit; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; The power generation matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1 is... The total energy of the column The total energy generated by the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t is summed from back to front. The carbon factor of the newly added energy block for the l-th energy storage power source during time period t; The electrocarbon factor of the system at time t; This represents the state of charge of the l-th energy storage unit at the end of time period t. This represents the maximum energy capacity of the l-th energy storage unit.

[0015] Preferably, the energy storage carbon factor determination unit determines the carbon factor of the energy storage unit during the discharge phase based on the energy-carbon emission model of the energy storage unit and the time-series charge-discharge data of the energy storage unit, including: , in, The electric carbon factor is the energy released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This is the transpose of the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This represents the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t.

[0016] Preferably, the system carbon factor correction unit corrects the system carbon emissions based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends and the carbon factor of the energy storage unit, determining the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at each time period at both the sending and receiving ends, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage unit, including: The time-period correction value of the electrical carbon factor at the sending end is determined using the following methods: , , The time-period correction value of the receiving end's electrocarbon factor is determined using the following methods: , , , in, The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X1 region at the sending end during time period t. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X1 during time period t. Let be the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; The electric carbon factor for the electricity generated by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Electric carbon factor of power system considering carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in X1 region during time period t; , The power generation of the i-th and j-th generator units in the sending-end X1 region and the receiving-end X2 region during time period t; The power transmitted from region X1 to region X2 during time period t; The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t. For indirect carbon emissions transferred from the sending-end region X1 to the receiving-end region X2 during time period t; Electric carbon factor of the power system considering carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t; This represents the load power demand in the X2 region during time period t.

[0017] Based on another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the steps in a multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation method.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium; and One or more processors for executing a program in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0019] This invention provides a method and system for time-series simulation of carbon emissions in a multi-regional power system, comprising: determining the real-time power generation carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power units; determining the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of the thermal power units; constructing an energy-carbon emission model for energy storage units; determining the electrical carbon factor of the energy storage units during the discharge phase based on the energy-carbon emission model and the time-series charge-discharge data of the energy storage units; correcting the system carbon emissions based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends and the electrical carbon factor of the energy storage units; and determining the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends, considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage, for each time period. This invention fully considers the impact of different thermal power units, different operating conditions, fuel quality, and other factors, achieving accurate measurement of direct carbon emissions from the power system. By constructing a virtual carbon pool for energy storage and carbon emission traceability, it clearly defines the division of labor and responsibility of energy storage as a "carbon transporter in time and space," providing a scientific basis for carbon emission responsibility accounting for energy storage units under various operating conditions. It fully considers the impact of direct carbon emissions from thermal power, indirect carbon emissions from energy imports, and indirect carbon emissions from energy storage power generation, thereby accurately quantifying the real carbon emission reduction benefits of clean energy transmission. This allows for more precise consideration of the impact of direct and indirect carbon emissions during the planning stage, supporting a more low-carbon, safe, and economical transformation of the power system. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be more fully understood by referring to the following figures: Figure 1 A flowchart of a multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation method 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-carbon emission model during the energy storage charging period according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-carbon emission model during the energy storage discharge period according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation system 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to fully and completely disclose the invention and to fully convey its scope to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings is not intended to limit the invention. In the drawings, the same units / elements are referred to by the same reference numerals.

[0022] Unless otherwise stated, the terms used herein (including technical terms) have their common meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, it is understood that terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have a meaning consistent with the context of their relevant field, and not to be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation method 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation method provided by the embodiments of the present invention fully considers the influence of factors such as different thermal power units, different operating conditions, and fuel quality, and achieves accurate measurement of direct carbon emissions of the power system. By constructing a virtual carbon pool for energy storage and carbon emission traceability, the division of labor and responsibility of energy storage as a "carbon space-time transporter" is clearly defined, providing a scientific basis for carbon emission responsibility accounting for energy storage units under various operating conditions. By fully considering the influence of factors such as direct carbon emissions from thermal power, indirect carbon emissions from power input, and indirect carbon emissions from energy storage power generation, the actual carbon emission reduction benefits of clean energy transmission are accurately quantified. This allows for more accurate consideration of the impact of direct and indirect carbon emissions during the planning stage, supporting a more low-carbon, safe, and economical transformation of the power system. The multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation method 100 provided by the embodiments of the present invention starts from step 101. In step 101, the real-time power generation carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power unit is determined. Based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of the thermal power unit, the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at the sending and receiving ends are determined.

[0024] Preferably, determining the real-time carbon emission factor of a unit-level thermal power unit includes: , in, Let X be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, where X is the region number, X1 is the sending-end power system, and X2 is the receiving-end power system. Let be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X under rated operating conditions; , , These are the correction factors for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, taking into account real-time load rate, fuel quality, and the operational status of environmental protection facilities.

[0025] Preferably, determining the total direct carbon emissions of the power transmission and receiving end power systems based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of thermal power units includes: , in, Let be the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X during time period t; I is the number of thermal power units in region X. The unit output of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t; Let be the carbon emission factor for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t.

[0026] In this invention, when calculating direct carbon emissions, a real-time power generation carbon emission factor library for unit-level thermal power units is established, and combined with the real-time output of thermal power units within the power transmission and receiving end systems, a time-series direct carbon emission model of the power transmission and receiving end systems is constructed to calculate the amount of direct carbon emissions.

[0027] Among them, in the established real-time power generation carbon emission factor library for unit-level thermal power units, a dynamic carbon emission factor function based on factors such as real-time load factor, fuel quality, and the operational status of environmental protection facilities is established for each thermal power unit in the power transmission and receiving end systems, as follows: , Where X is the region number, X1 is the sending-end power system, and X2 is the receiving-end power system. Let be the carbon emission factor for the power generation of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t. Let be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X under rated operating conditions. , , These are the correction factors for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, taking into account real-time load rate, fuel quality, and the operational status of environmental protection facilities.

[0028] After determining the carbon emission factors, the total direct carbon emissions in region X are calculated hourly based on the time-series simulation results, including: , in, For all thermal power units in Region X t Direct carbon emissions during a given period For region X, the first i One thermal power unit t Unit output during different time periods I This represents the number of thermal power units in region X.

[0029] In step 102, an energy-carbon emission model for the energy storage unit is constructed. Based on the energy-carbon emission model and the time-series charge-discharge data of the energy storage unit, the electric carbon factor during the discharge phase of the energy storage unit is determined.

[0030] Preferably, the energy storage unit energy-carbon emission model includes: , , , , in, Let l be the energy-carbon emission matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The number of energy blocks in the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. For the l-th energy storage unit The total energy of each energy block For the l-th energy storage unit The electrocarbon factor of an energy block; Let t represent the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. If the power is less than zero, it indicates charging; if the power is greater than zero, it indicates discharging; and if the power is equal to zero, it indicates quiescence. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1. Let be the carbon factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Let be the self-consumption coefficient of the l-th energy storage unit. The total amount of energy newly charged into the energy block of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; , The charging and discharging efficiency of the l-th energy storage unit; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; The power generation matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1 is... The total energy of the column The total energy generated by the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t is summed from back to front. The carbon factor of the newly added energy block for the l-th energy storage power source during time period t; The electrocarbon factor of the system at time t; This represents the state of charge of the l-th energy storage unit at the end of time period t. This represents the maximum energy capacity of the l-th energy storage unit.

[0031] Preferably, the determination of the electrocarbon factor during the discharge phase of the energy storage unit, based on the energy-carbon emission model of the energy storage unit and the time-series charge-discharge data of the energy storage unit, includes: , in, The electric carbon factor is the energy released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This is the transpose of the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This represents the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t.

[0032] In this invention, based on the energy storage power model and combined with the flow direction of carbon emissions during the energy storage charging and discharging process, the change in the total amount of carbon emissions in the virtual carbon pool is confirmed, forming an energy storage virtual carbon storage model, and the electric carbon factor is determined based on the energy storage virtual carbon storage model.

[0033] In this invention, a virtual carbon storage model for energy storage units in the sending and receiving end regions is constructed, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the model's inputs, outputs, and key parameters related to carbon emissions are clearly defined. Based on the energy-carbon emission model of the energy storage unit, the following can be determined: , , , , in, Let l be the energy-carbon emission matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The number of energy blocks in the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. For the l-th energy storage unit The total energy of each energy block For the l-th energy storage unit The electrocarbon factor of an energy block; Let t represent the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. If the power is less than zero, it indicates charging; if the power is greater than zero, it indicates discharging; and if the power is equal to zero, it indicates quiescence. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1. Let be the carbon factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Let be the self-consumption coefficient of the l-th energy storage unit. The total amount of energy newly charged into the energy block of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; , The charging and discharging efficiency of the l-th energy storage unit; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; The power generation matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1 is... The total energy of the column The total energy generated by the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t is summed from back to front. The carbon factor of the newly added energy block for the l-th energy storage power source during time period t; The electrocarbon factor of the system at time t; This represents the state of charge of the l-th energy storage unit at the end of time period t. This represents the maximum energy capacity of the l-th energy storage unit.

[0034] Based on the energy-carbon emission model of energy storage units, and combined with the time-series charge-discharge data of energy storage units, a model is constructed as follows: Figure 3 The energy-carbon emission model of the energy storage unit shown clarifies the carbon emission transfer situation in different time periods, including: , in, The electric carbon factor is the energy released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This is the transpose of the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t.

[0035] In step 103, the system carbon emissions are corrected based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at the sending and receiving ends and the carbon factor of the energy storage unit, and the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at the sending and receiving ends for each time period, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage, are determined.

[0036] Preferably, the system carbon emissions are corrected based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends and the electrical carbon factor of the energy storage unit, to determine the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at each time period at both the sending and receiving ends, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage unit, including: The time-period correction value of the electrical carbon factor at the sending end is determined using the following methods: , , The time-period correction value of the receiving end's electrocarbon factor is determined using the following methods: , , , in, The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X1 region at the sending end during time period t. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X1 during time period t. Let be the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; The electric carbon factor for the electricity generated by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Electric carbon factor of power system considering carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in X1 region during time period t; , The power generation of the i-th and j-th generator units in the sending-end X1 region and the receiving-end X2 region during time period t; The power transmitted from region X1 to region X2 during time period t; The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t. For indirect carbon emissions transferred from the sending-end region X1 to the receiving-end region X2 during time period t; The electric carbon factor of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X2 region at time t.

[0037] In this invention, based on a virtual carbon storage model, the impact of the charging and discharging process on the system's overall carbon emissions and overall electrical carbon factor is considered. The time-series carbon emissions of the sending-end power grid are corrected, the time-series overall carbon emissions of the sending-end X1 region power system are corrected, and the transfer carbon emissions of the transmitted electricity are further calculated.

[0038] 1) The method for time-period carbon emission correction at the sending end is as follows: , , in, The total carbon emissions of the power system in region X1 at the sending end during time period t, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage. Electric carbon factor of power system considering carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in X1 region during time period t; The electric carbon factor for the electricity generated by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Let t be the power generation of the i-th generator unit in the X1 region at the sending end during time period t. The power transmitted from region X1 to region X2 during time period t.

[0039] 2) The indirect carbon emissions from inter-regional transfers are calculated based on the electricity transmitted via the tie line as follows: , in, For indirect carbon emissions transferred from region X1 to region X2 during time period t, The electric carbon factor of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in region X1 during time period t.

[0040] In this invention, based on a virtual carbon storage model, the impact of the charging and discharging process on the system's overall carbon emissions and overall electrical carbon factor is considered, and the time-series overall carbon emissions of the power system in the receiving-end X2 region are corrected for each time period, so as to achieve time-series carbon emission correction of the power system in the receiving end.

[0041] The correction method for time-series carbon emissions from the power system is as follows: , , in, The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t. The electric carbon factor for the electricity generated by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; For indirect carbon emissions transferred from the sending-end region X1 to the receiving-end region X2 during time period t; Electric carbon factor of the power system considering carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t; Let t be the power generation of the j-th generator unit in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t.

[0042] The multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation method provided by this invention achieves significant breakthroughs through three levels. First, it constructs a dynamic carbon emission model specific to thermal power units, incorporating real-time parameters such as unit load rate and fuel quality into direct carbon emission calculations. Second, it employs a virtual carbon storage and responsibility-sharing mechanism for energy storage, clearly defining the carbon emission changes during charging, discharging, and resting by labeling charging and discharging behaviors with "carbon intensity," thus overcoming the theoretical gap in energy storage carbon responsibility accounting. Finally, the direct carbon emission and energy storage models correct for real-time carbon emissions at both the sending and receiving ends, providing a precise data foundation for carbon markets, carbon tariff calculations, and low-carbon grid planning. Specifically, the advantages are as follows: (1) Precise quantification of direct carbon emissions from the power system This invention achieves accurate measurement of direct carbon emissions from the power system by precisely constructing a carbon emission model that reflects the specificity and dynamic characteristics of thermal power units, and fully considering the influence of factors such as different thermal power units, different operating conditions, and fuel quality.

[0043] (2) Detailed quantification of carbon emissions from power transmission lines By constructing a system that fully considers the direct carbon emissions of the sending-end power system itself and the impact of energy storage system charging and discharging, and based on the real-time power structure of the sending-end power system at time t (including the proportions of hydropower, nuclear power, new energy, thermal power, etc.) and the indirect carbon emissions brought about by energy storage discharge, the carbon emissions transferred to the receiving-end power system through the tie line are calculated in real time, thus accurately quantifying the carbon emissions brought about by transmission line transmission.

[0044] (3) Dynamic modeling and refined responsibility allocation mechanism of energy storage virtual carbon storage model A "dynamic carbon storage modeling and responsibility-sharing mechanism for energy storage" is established. When energy storage is charging, its charging amount and the carbon emission factor of its source electricity are recorded, and this carbon emission is "stored" in the energy storage system. When energy storage is discharging, its discharging amount is marked with the virtual carbon emission factor inside the energy storage and included in the grid. When energy storage is at rest, carbon emissions are considered to be borne by the energy storage unit itself based on its own energy loss. This solves the shortcoming of not considering the changes in carbon factors during charging and discharging. At the same time, by constructing a virtual carbon pool for energy storage and carbon emission traceability, the division of labor and responsibility of energy storage as a "spatiotemporal carbon transporter" is clearly defined, providing a scientific basis for carbon emission responsibility accounting for energy storage units under various operating conditions.

[0045] (4) Precise correction of comprehensive carbon emissions from the power system This method can fully consider the impact of factors such as direct carbon emissions from thermal power generation, indirect carbon emissions from imported energy, and indirect carbon emissions from energy storage power generation, thereby accurately quantifying the real carbon emission reduction benefits of clean energy transmission. It is conducive to building a fair and accurate basis for consumption-side carbon emission accounting, supporting green electricity trading and carbon tariff accounting; and it allows for more precise consideration of the impact of direct and indirect carbon emissions during the planning stage, supporting a more low-carbon, safe, and economical transformation of the power system.

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation system 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the multi-regional power system carbon emission time series simulation system 400 provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes: a direct carbon emission total determination unit 401, an energy storage electric carbon factor determination unit 402, and a system electric carbon factor correction unit 403.

[0047] Preferably, the direct carbon emission determination unit 401 is used to determine the real-time power generation carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power unit, and to determine the total direct carbon emissions of the power transmission and receiving end power system based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of the thermal power unit.

[0048] Preferably, the direct carbon emission determination unit 401 determines the real-time power generation carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power unit, including: , in, Let X be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, where X is the region number, X1 is the sending-end power system, and X2 is the receiving-end power system. Let be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X under rated operating conditions; , , These are the correction factors for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, taking into account real-time load rate, fuel quality, and the operational status of environmental protection facilities.

[0049] Preferably, the direct carbon emission determination unit 401 determines the total direct carbon emissions of the power transmission and receiving end power systems based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of the thermal power units, including: , in, Let be the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X during time period t; I is the number of thermal power units in region X. The unit output of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t; Let be the carbon emission factor for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t.

[0050] Preferably, the energy storage carbon factor determination unit 402 is used to construct an energy-carbon emission model of the energy storage unit, and determine the carbon factor of the energy storage unit during the discharge stage based on the energy-carbon emission model of the energy storage unit and the time-series charge and discharge data of the energy storage unit.

[0051] Preferably, the energy storage unit energy-carbon emission model includes: , , , , in, Let l be the energy-carbon emission matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The number of energy blocks in the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. For the l-th energy storage unit The total energy of each energy block For the l-th energy storage unit The electrocarbon factor of an energy block; Let t represent the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. If the power is less than zero, it indicates charging; if the power is greater than zero, it indicates discharging; and if the power is equal to zero, it indicates quiescence. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1. Let be the carbon factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Let be the self-consumption coefficient of the l-th energy storage unit. The total amount of energy newly charged into the energy block of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; , The charging and discharging efficiency of the l-th energy storage unit; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; The power generation matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1 is... The total energy of the column The total energy generated by the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t is summed from back to front. The carbon factor of the newly added energy block for the l-th energy storage power source during time period t; The electrocarbon factor of the system at time t; This represents the state of charge of the l-th energy storage unit at the end of time period t. This represents the maximum energy capacity of the l-th energy storage unit.

[0052] Preferably, the energy storage carbon factor determination unit 402 determines the carbon factor of the energy storage unit during the discharge phase based on the energy-carbon emission model of the energy storage unit and the time-series charge-discharge data of the energy storage unit, including: , in, The electric carbon factor is the energy released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This is the transpose of the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This represents the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t.

[0053] Preferably, the system carbon factor correction unit 403 is used to correct the system carbon emissions based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at the sending and receiving ends and the carbon factor of the energy storage unit, and to determine the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at the sending and receiving ends for each time period, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage.

[0054] Preferably, the system carbon factor correction unit 403 corrects the system carbon emissions based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at the sending and receiving ends and the carbon factor of the energy storage unit, and determines the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at the sending and receiving ends for each time period, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage unit, including: The time-period correction value of the electrical carbon factor at the sending end is determined using the following methods: , , The time-period correction value of the receiving end's electrocarbon factor is determined using the following methods: , , , in, The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X1 region at the sending end during time period t. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X1 during time period t. Let be the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; The electric carbon factor for the electricity generated by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Electric carbon factor of power system considering carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in X1 region during time period t; , The power generation of the i-th and j-th generator units in the sending-end X1 region and the receiving-end X2 region during time period t; The power transmitted from region X1 to region X2 during time period t; The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t. For indirect carbon emissions transferred from the sending-end region X1 to the receiving-end region X2 during time period t; The electric carbon factor of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X2 region at time t.

[0055] The multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation system 400 of the present invention corresponds to the multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation method 100 of another embodiment of the present invention, and will not be described again here.

[0056] Based on another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the steps in a multi-regional power system carbon emission time-series simulation method.

[0057] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium; and One or more processors for executing a program in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0058] The present invention has been described with reference to a few embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other embodiments besides those disclosed above fall equivalently within the scope of the present invention.

[0059] Generally, all terms used in this invention are interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the art, unless otherwise expressly defined herein. All references to “a / the / the [device, component, etc.]” ​​are openly interpreted as at least one instance of said device, component, etc., unless otherwise expressly stated. The steps of any method disclosed herein need not be performed in the exact order disclosed unless explicitly stated otherwise.

[0060] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0061] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0062] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0063] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A time-series simulation method for carbon emissions in a multi-regional power system, characterized in that, The method includes: Determine the real-time power generation carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power unit, and based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of the thermal power unit, determine the total direct carbon emissions of the power transmission and receiving end power system. An energy-carbon emission model for an energy storage unit is constructed. Based on the energy-carbon emission model and the time-series charge-discharge data of the energy storage unit, the electrocarbon factor during the discharge phase of the energy storage unit is determined. The system carbon emissions are corrected based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends and the carbon factor of the energy storage unit, and the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at each time period at both the sending and receiving ends are determined, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage unit.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determine the real-time carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power unit, including: ， in, Let X be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, where X is the region number; Let be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X under rated operating conditions; , , These are the correction factors for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, taking into account real-time load rate, fuel quality, and the operational status of environmental protection facilities.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of thermal power units, the total direct carbon emissions of the power transmission and receiving end systems are determined, including: ， in, Let be the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X during time period t; I is the number of thermal power units in region X. The unit output of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t; Let be the carbon emission factor for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-carbon emission model for the energy storage unit includes: ， ， ， ， in, Let l be the energy-carbon emission matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The number of energy blocks in the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. For the l-th energy storage unit The total energy of each energy block For the l-th energy storage unit The electrocarbon factor of an energy block; Let t represent the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. If the power is less than zero, it indicates charging; if the power is greater than zero, it indicates discharging; and if the power is equal to zero, it indicates quiescence. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1. Let be the carbon factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Let be the self-consumption coefficient of the l-th energy storage unit. The total amount of energy newly charged into the energy block of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; , The charging and discharging efficiency of the l-th energy storage unit; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; The power generation matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1 is... The total energy of the column The total energy generated by the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t is summed from back to front. The carbon factor of the newly added energy block for the l-th energy storage power source during time period t; The electrocarbon factor of the system at time t; This represents the state of charge of the l-th energy storage unit at the end of time period t. This represents the maximum energy capacity of the l-th energy storage unit.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the energy-carbon emission model of the energy storage unit and the time-series charge-discharge data of the energy storage unit, the electrocarbon factor during the discharge phase of the energy storage unit is determined, including: ， in, The electric carbon factor is the energy released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This is the transpose of the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This represents the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends and the electrical carbon factor of energy storage units, the system carbon emissions are corrected to determine the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at each time period, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage. This includes: The time-period correction value of the electrical carbon factor at the sending end is determined using the following methods: ， ， The time-period correction value of the receiving end's electrocarbon factor is determined using the following methods: ， ， ， in, The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X1 region at the sending end during time period t. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X1 during time period t. Let be the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; The electric carbon factor for the electricity generated by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Electric carbon factor of power system considering carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in X1 region during time period t; , The power generation of the i-th and j-th generator units in the sending-end X1 region and the receiving-end X2 region during time period t; The power transmitted from region X1 to region X2 during time period t; The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t. For indirect carbon emissions transferred from the sending-end region X1 to the receiving-end region X2 during time period t; The electric carbon factor of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X2 region at time t.

7. A time-series simulation system for carbon emissions in a multi-regional power system, characterized in that, The system includes: The direct carbon emission total determination unit is used to determine the real-time power generation carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power unit, and to determine the total direct carbon emission of the power transmission and receiving end power system based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of the thermal power unit. An energy storage carbon factor determination unit is used to construct an energy-carbon emission model for an energy storage unit, and to determine the carbon factor of the energy storage unit during the discharge phase based on the energy-carbon emission model and the time-series charge and discharge data of the energy storage unit. The system carbon factor correction unit is used to correct the system carbon emissions based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at the sending and receiving ends and the carbon factor of the energy storage unit, and to determine the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at the sending and receiving ends for each time period, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The direct carbon emission determination unit determines the real-time power generation carbon emission factor of the unit-level thermal power unit, including: ， in, Let X be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, where X is the region number; Let be the carbon emission factor of the i-th thermal power unit in region X under rated operating conditions; , , These are the correction factors for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t, taking into account real-time load rate, fuel quality, and the operational status of environmental protection facilities.

9. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The direct carbon emission determination unit determines the total direct carbon emissions of the power transmission and receiving end power systems based on the power generation carbon emission factor and the real-time output of thermal power units, including: ， in, Let be the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X during time period t; I is the number of thermal power units in region X. The unit output of the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t; Let be the carbon emission factor for the i-th thermal power unit in region X during time period t.

10. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The energy-carbon emission model for the energy storage unit includes: ， ， ， ， in, Let l be the energy-carbon emission matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The number of energy blocks in the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. For the l-th energy storage unit The total energy of each energy block For the l-th energy storage unit The electrocarbon factor of an energy block; Let t represent the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t. If the power is less than zero, it indicates charging; if the power is greater than zero, it indicates discharging; and if the power is equal to zero, it indicates quiescence. Let be the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1. Let be the carbon factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Let be the self-consumption coefficient of the l-th energy storage unit. The total amount of energy newly charged into the energy block of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; , The charging and discharging efficiency of the l-th energy storage unit; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; The power generation matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1 is... The total energy of the column The total energy generated by the energy matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t is summed from back to front. The carbon factor of the newly added energy block for the l-th energy storage power source during time period t; The electrocarbon factor of the system at time t; This represents the state of charge of the l-th energy storage unit at the end of time period t. This represents the maximum energy capacity of the l-th energy storage unit.

11. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The energy storage carbon factor determination unit, based on the energy-carbon emission model of the energy storage unit and the time-series charge-discharge data of the energy storage unit, determines the carbon factor of the energy storage unit during the discharge phase, including: ， in, The electric carbon factor is the energy released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This is the transpose of the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; For the energy matrix released by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t, the newly charged energy block is released first; Let be the carbon emission factor matrix of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; This represents the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t.

12. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The system's electrical carbon factor correction unit corrects the system's carbon emissions based on the total direct carbon emissions of the power system at both the sending and receiving ends and the electrical carbon factor of the energy storage unit. This corrects the total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system at each time period, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of the energy storage units. This includes: The time-period correction value of the electrical carbon factor at the sending end is determined using the following methods: ， ， The time-period correction value of the receiving end's electrocarbon factor is determined using the following methods: ， ， ， in, The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X1 region at the sending end during time period t. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in region X1 during time period t. Let be the charging and discharging power of the l-th energy storage unit during time period t; The duration of time interval t; The electric carbon factor for the electricity generated by the l-th energy storage unit during time period t-1; Electric carbon factor of power system considering carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in X1 region during time period t; , The power generation of the i-th and j-th generator units in the sending-end X1 region and the receiving-end X2 region during time period t; The power transmitted from region X1 to region X2 during time period t; The total comprehensive carbon emissions of the power system in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t, taking into account the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage. This represents the total direct carbon emissions of all thermal power units in the X2 region at the receiving end during time period t. For indirect carbon emissions transferred from the sending-end region X1 to the receiving-end region X2 during time period t; The electric carbon factor of the power system considering the carbon storage characteristics of energy storage in the X2 region at time t.

13. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

14. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The computer-readable storage medium as described in claim 13; as well as One or more processors for executing a program in the computer-readable storage medium.

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