Nutrient metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on flora gene function

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of medical data processing technology, specifically to a nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function. This invention characterizes the patient's spinal abnormality factors and risk-weighted factors of the patient's genes. During the controlled infusion of nutrient solution via a nutrient pump, it analyzes the patient's intestinal wall compliance characteristics based on the periodic infused fluid volume, periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation, and spinal abnormality factors, thereby measuring the fluid filling pressure. Based on the fluid filling pressure, periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation, and the aforementioned risk-weighted factors, it analyzes the patient's intestinal tolerance characteristics, and then generates a monitoring indicator for nutrient supply based on the patient's intestinal tolerance characteristics and periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation. This invention improves the effectiveness of nutrient supply to scoliosis patients by analyzing the patient's intestinal wall compliance and intestinal tolerance characteristics.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical data processing technology, specifically to a nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function. Background Technology

[0002] Scoliosis correction surgery is a complex surgical procedure with significant trauma and a strong stress response. Postoperatively, patients are prone to complications such as abdominal distension and vomiting due to surgical trauma, the use of anesthetic drugs, and prolonged bed rest, which weakens gastrointestinal motility. If not treated promptly, these complications can lead to intestinal obstruction or ischemic intestinal necrosis.

[0003] Because of the anatomical deformities of the thoracic and abdominal cavities in scoliosis patients, the space available for fluid in the abdominal cavity is physically compressed. When liquid nutrition solutions are infused, even normal fluid filling can cause a significant increase in hydrostatic pressure within the confined abdominal cavity. Current techniques typically involve direct monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) to guide enteral nutrition feeding; however, this method cannot accurately distinguish between normal high pressure caused by the deformity and abnormal high pressure caused by pathological reasons. It is easy to misinterpret normal fluid infusion as feeding intolerance, leading to unnecessary feeding interruptions and failing to guarantee the effectiveness of nutritional feeding for scoliosis patients. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of existing technologies misinterpreting normal fluid perfusion as feeding intolerance and failing to guarantee the effectiveness of nutritional feeding for scoliosis patients, the present invention aims to provide a nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows: This invention proposes a nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function, the system comprising: The static parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the Cobb angle value of the patient's preoperative main curvature region, and to acquire the patient's spinal abnormality factor using the Cobb angle value; it also acquires metagenomic sequencing data of the patient's preoperative fecal sample, and to acquire the patient's risk weighting factor using the metagenomic sequencing data. The intestinal wall compliance analysis module is used to control the nutrient pump to administer nutrient solution to the patient, obtain the periodic infusion volume and periodic intra-abdominal pressure rise value for each preset time period; analyze the pressure-volume ratio based on the periodic intra-abdominal pressure rise value and the periodic infusion volume, and use the spinal abnormality factor for correction to determine the intestinal wall compliance coefficient for each preset time period. The intestinal tolerance analysis module is used to determine the fluid filling pressure for each preset time period based on the intestinal wall compliance coefficient of the previous preset time period; and to determine the intestinal tolerance warning index for each preset time period based on the fluid filling pressure, the periodic intra-abdominal pressure increase, and the risk weighting factor. The nutrition pump status monitoring module is used to determine the intestinal tolerance warning index and the periodic intra-abdominal pressure rise value based on the current preset time period, and generate a nutrient supply injection monitoring indicator.

[0005] Preferably, the method for obtaining the spinal abnormality factor includes: The patient's spinal abnormality factor is determined by the square of the ratio between the Cobb angle value and the preset scoliosis angle.

[0006] Preferably, the method for obtaining the risk weighting factor includes: Based on metagenomic sequencing data from preoperative fecal samples of patients, the total relative abundance of genes containing microbial butyrate synthesis was calculated, wherein the microbial butyrate synthesis genes include at least the buk gene and the but gene. The risk weighting factor for each patient is determined by comparing the pre-defined standard gene abundance with the sum of relative abundance.

[0007] Preferably, the method for obtaining the periodic injection volume of liquid includes: For the first preset time period, the preset volume is used as the periodic liquid injection volume for the first preset time period. For each preset time period other than the first preset time period, the product of the preset constant flow rate and the preset time period length is calculated as the periodic injection volume for each of the remaining preset time periods.

[0008] Preferably, the method for obtaining the periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation value includes: For the first preset time period, the nutrient pump is controlled to inject a preset volume of nutrient solution into the patient once, and the difference between the intra-abdominal pressure data at the end of the injection and the start of the injection is used as the periodic intra-abdominal pressure rise value for the first preset time period. For each preset time period other than the first preset time period, the nutrient pump is controlled to continuously infuse the patient with nutrient solution. The difference between the mean intra-abdominal pressure of each of the remaining preset time periods and the previous preset time period is calculated as the first difference. If the first difference is greater than 0, the first difference is used as the increase in intra-abdominal pressure of each of the remaining preset time periods. If the first difference is less than or equal to 0, 0 is used as the increase in intra-abdominal pressure of each of the remaining preset time periods.

[0009] Preferably, the method for obtaining the intestinal wall compliance coefficient includes: The ratio of the periodic intra-abdominal pressure increase to the periodic fluid injection volume is used as the pressure-volume ratio for each preset time period, and the ratio of the pressure-volume ratio to the spinal abnormality factor is used as the intestinal wall compliance coefficient for each preset time period.

[0010] Preferably, the method for obtaining the liquid filling pressure includes: Based on the periodic injection volume of liquid for each preset time period, the intestinal wall compliance coefficient of the previous preset time period, and the spinal abnormality factor, the liquid filling pressure for each preset time period is obtained by multiplication calculation.

[0011] Preferably, the method for obtaining the intestinal tolerance early warning index includes: The residual pressure value for each preset time period is determined based on the fluid filling pressure and the intra-abdominal pressure rise value for each preset time period. Based on the residual pressure value of each preset time period and the risk weighting factor, the intestinal tolerance warning index for each preset time period is calculated.

[0012] Preferably, the method for obtaining the residual pressure value includes: The residual pressure value for each preset time period is calculated based on the difference between the fluid filling pressure and the intra-abdominal pressure increase value for each preset time period.

[0013] Preferably, the method for obtaining the injection monitoring identifier includes: If the intestinal tolerance warning index of the current preset time period is less than or equal to the preset metabolic circuit breaker threshold, and the intra-abdominal pressure increase value of the current preset time period is less than or equal to the preset physical safety threshold, then the current preset time period is determined to be in a safe adaptation state. The system sends an instruction to the nutrient pump to maintain operation or accelerate according to a preset step size, and the generated nutrient supply injection monitoring mark is allowed. If the intestinal tolerance warning index of the current preset time period is greater than the preset metabolic circuit breaker threshold, or the intra-abdominal pressure increase value of the current preset time period is greater than the preset physical safety threshold, the current preset time period is determined to be in a dangerous state. The system sends a stop operation command to the nutrient pump, triggers an audible and visual alarm, and generates a nutrient supply injection monitoring mark as prohibited.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention obtains the Cobb angle value of the patient's preoperative main curvature region, and then uses the Cobb angle value to obtain the patient's spinal abnormality factor, more accurately reflecting the abnormal characteristics of thoracic and abdominal deformities caused by scoliosis. Simultaneously, by obtaining metagenomic sequencing data from the patient's preoperative fecal sample, and using the metagenomic sequencing data to obtain the patient's risk weighting factor, it more clearly reflects the risk of intestinal metabolic disorders. Combining the periodic infusion volume and periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation during the nutrient infusion process, the pressure-volume ratio is analyzed and corrected using the spinal abnormality factor, eliminating the differences in abdominal wall tension between different patients, thus accurately measuring the intestinal wall compliance coefficient. The intestinal wall compliance coefficient is used to accurately measure the fluid filling pressure, and then combined with the fluid filling pressure, periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation, and the risk weighting factor, the intestinal tolerance warning index for each preset time period is accurately measured for subsequent accurate real-time monitoring of the nutrient supply infusion process. By judging the intestinal tolerance warning index and periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation value of the current preset time period, a nutrient supply infusion monitoring marker is accurately generated, further enabling more accurate real-time monitoring of the nutrient supply infusion process. This invention improves the effectiveness of nutritional support for scoliosis patients by analyzing their intestinal wall compliance and intestinal tolerance characteristics. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on microbial gene function, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, details the specific implementation, structure, features, and effects of a nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on microbial gene function proposed according to the present invention. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0019] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the specific scheme of a nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function provided by the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a structural block diagram of a nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes a static parameter acquisition module 101, an intestinal wall compliance analysis module 102, an intestinal tolerance analysis module 103, and a nutrient pump status monitoring module 104.

[0021] The static parameter acquisition module 101 is used to acquire the Cobb angle value of the patient's preoperative main curvature region, and to acquire the patient's spinal abnormality factor using the Cobb angle value; to acquire the metagenomic sequencing data of the patient's preoperative fecal sample, and to acquire the patient's risk weighting factor using the metagenomic sequencing data.

[0022] Because scoliosis-induced thoracic and abdominal deformities limit the physical space of the abdominal cavity, and postoperative intestinal microecological imbalance increases the risk of metabolic disorders, current clinical applications generally use intra-abdominal pressure monitoring thresholds. However, individual differences can make these universally applicable thresholds outdated, easily misinterpreting normal fluid perfusion as feeding intolerance, leading to unnecessary feeding interruptions and failing to guarantee the effectiveness of nutritional support for scoliosis patients. Therefore, to improve the effectiveness of nutritional support for scoliosis patients, it is necessary to quantify the patient-specific spinal abnormalities and intestinal microecological metabolic characteristics, using these as static boundary conditions input into the monitoring system.

[0023] If the same volume of nutrient solution is administered into the intestinal lumen, it can lead to an abnormal risk of increased pressure within the confined abdominal cavity. This risk is often caused by thoracic and abdominal deformities resulting from scoliosis. Therefore, the Cobb angle value of the patient's preoperative main curvature region is crucial. In medicine, the Cobb angle value is a core indicator for assessing the severity of scoliosis. This Cobb angle value is used to obtain the patient's spinal abnormality factor, which reflects the abnormal characteristics of thoracic and abdominal deformities caused by scoliosis. A larger spinal abnormality factor indicates more significant abnormalities in the thoracic and abdominal cavity caused by scoliosis.

[0024] In one specific implementation of this invention, the patient's preoperative whole-spine anteroposterior and lateral X-ray images are measured. During the image data measurement, the Cobb angle value of the principal curve region is determined and denoted as... The unit is degrees.

[0025] Meanwhile, patients undergoing scoliosis surgery experience suppressed growth of beneficial gut bacteria due to surgical trauma, antibiotic use, and prolonged fasting. This weakens the gut microbiota, leading to imbalances and increasing the risk of metabolic disorders. Therefore, by obtaining metagenomic sequencing data from preoperative fecal samples containing millions of DNA sequence fragments, a risk weighting factor can be calculated. A higher risk weighting factor indicates weaker colonization resistance of beneficial gut bacteria, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders.

[0026] In one specific implementation of this invention, metagenomic shotgun sequencing is used to perform gene sequencing on preoperative fecal samples from patients to obtain metagenomic sequencing data of the preoperative fecal samples.

[0027] The intestinal wall compliance analysis module 102 is used to control the nutrient pump to administer nutrient solution to the patient, obtain the periodic infusion volume and periodic intra-abdominal pressure rise value for each preset time period; analyze the pressure-volume ratio based on the periodic intra-abdominal pressure rise value and the periodic infusion volume, and use the spinal abnormality factor for correction to determine the intestinal wall compliance coefficient for each preset time period.

[0028] Because abdominal wall compliance varies significantly among different scoliosis patients, to accurately analyze intestinal wall compliance, a nutrient pump is used to administer nutrient solution to the patients. During the nutrient solution administration process, the volume of fluid administered and the intra-abdominal pressure increase are recorded for each preset time period. The volume of fluid administered represents the volume of fluid injected within each preset time period, and the intra-abdominal pressure increase represents the degree of intra-abdominal pressure rise in each preset time period. Therefore, by analyzing the pressure-volume ratio using the volume of fluid administered and the intra-abdominal pressure increase, the ratio between the degree of intra-abdominal pressure rise and the volume of fluid administered is reflected. This is then corrected using a spinal abnormality factor to eliminate differences in abdominal wall tension among individual patients, thereby accurately measuring the intestinal wall compliance coefficient for each preset time period. The intestinal wall compliance coefficient reflects the physical stiffness of the intestinal wall in scoliosis patients and characterizes the increase in intra-abdominal pressure caused by each unit volume of fluid injected, without abnormal pressure rise.

[0029] The intestinal tolerance analysis module 103 is used to determine the liquid filling pressure for each preset time period based on the intestinal wall compliance coefficient of the previous preset time period; and to determine the intestinal tolerance warning index for each preset time period based on the liquid filling pressure, the periodic intra-abdominal pressure increase value, and the risk weighting factor.

[0030] To accurately analyze the intestinal tolerance characteristics of patients with scoliosis and thus more accurately monitor their nutritional metabolism, the intestinal wall compliance coefficient is used. Since the intestinal wall compliance coefficient characterizes the increase in intra-abdominal pressure caused by the injection of a unit volume of fluid without abnormal pressure increases, the fluid filling pressure for each preset time period can be determined by using the intestinal wall compliance coefficient from the previous preset time period. This fluid filling pressure reflects a reasonable pressure increase caused solely by the injection of nutrient solution occupying abdominal space, characteristic of scoliosis-induced thoracic and abdominal deformities. A higher fluid filling pressure indicates a greater likelihood that the patient has severe scoliosis.

[0031] Since the periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation value can characterize the actual increase in intra-abdominal pressure during the infusion of nutrient solution, and the risk weighting factor can reflect the risk of metabolic disorders in the intestine, combined with the fluid filling pressure, it can reflect the patient's intestinal tolerance during the infusion of nutrient solution. Therefore, based on the fluid filling pressure, periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation value, and the risk weighting factor for each preset time period, the intestinal tolerance warning index for each preset time period can be accurately measured. The intestinal tolerance warning index can reflect the possibility of intolerable abnormal pressure rise or spasm in the intestine. The higher the intestinal tolerance warning index, the greater the possibility of intolerable abnormal pressure rise or spasm in the intestine, which helps to accurately monitor the nutritional supply of scoliosis patients in the future.

[0032] The nutrient pump status monitoring module 104 is used to determine the intestinal tolerance warning index and the periodic intra-abdominal pressure increase value based on the current preset time period, and generate a nutrient supply injection monitoring indicator.

[0033] Because it is necessary to protect the safety of patients receiving intravenous nutrition in real time and to monitor the nutrition supply process in real time, the intestinal tolerance warning index can reflect the possibility of intolerable abnormal pressure rise or spasm in the intestine, while the periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation value can characterize the actual increase in intra-abdominal pressure in the patient's abdominal cavity during the nutrient supply injection process. Therefore, by judging the intestinal tolerance warning index and the periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation value at the current preset time period, a nutrient supply injection monitoring indicator can be generated, so as to more accurately monitor the nutrient supply injection process in real time.

[0034] In one specific implementation of this invention, after generating the nutrient supply monitoring marker, in order to adapt to the natural changes in the patient's postoperative intestinal compliance, such as the softening of the intestinal wall due to the reduction of edema, the intestinal wall compliance coefficient needs to be dynamically updated, and when the risk of nutrient supply is high, the nutrient pump needs to be controlled to stop injecting nutrient solution.

[0035] Therefore, if the nutrient supply injection monitoring flag for the current preset time period is set to allow, the intestinal wall compliance coefficient for the current preset time period is corrected using an exponentially weighted moving average algorithm. The specific calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, This represents the intestinal wall compliance coefficient for the current preset time period. The forgetting factor has a value of 0.1. This represents the periodic increase in intra-abdominal pressure over the current preset time period. Inject the required amount of liquid for the current preset time period. For the patient's spinal abnormality factor, To prevent division by zero, the value is set to 1. This is the intestinal wall compliance coefficient for the previous preset time period of the current preset time period.

[0036] in, This represents the intestinal wall compliance coefficient calculated based on measured data within the current preset time period. The smaller the value of the forgetting factor, the stronger the memory of historical states by the exponentially weighted moving average algorithm, resulting in smoother parameter updates and better noise resistance for the intestinal wall compliance coefficient.

[0037] If the monitoring flag for nutrient supply in the current preset time period is set to "prohibited," it means that the intra-abdominal pressure in the current preset time period contains pathological components and cannot be used to characterize intestinal wall stiffness. Perform the following operations: (1) Parameter freezing: The parameter of the intestinal wall compliance coefficient is forcibly kept unchanged, i.e. This prevents the increase in intra-abdominal pressure from being mistaken for hardening of the intestinal wall, which could lead to inaccurate monitoring of nutrient supply.

[0038] (2) Pause and Re-challenge: Control the nutrient pump to stop injecting nutrient solution for a preset time, the preset time is 2 hours, and wait for the intestine to absorb gas or relieve spasms on its own.

[0039] (3) Restart Test: After the nutrient pump stops for a preset time, control the nutrient pump to perform a test of injecting a preset volume of nutrient solution into the patient. If the test result shows that the intestinal tolerance warning index is less than or equal to the preset metabolic circuit breaker threshold, the alarm is lifted and the nutrient solution supply is restored; otherwise, the alarm status is maintained and manual intervention is requested. The preset metabolic circuit breaker threshold is 5.

[0040] Preferably, in some implementations of the present invention, the method for obtaining the spinal abnormality factor includes: Because the abdominal wall or diaphragm has nonlinear stress-strain characteristics, when the external pressure on the abdominal wall or diaphragm caused by scoliosis reaches the deformation limit, the abnormal features of the thoracic and abdominal cavity deformity caused by scoliosis become more pronounced.

[0041] Therefore, the patient's spinal abnormality factor is determined based on the square of the ratio between the Cobb angle value and the preset scoliosis angle. The preset scoliosis angle is 45 degrees, representing the clinically significant threshold at which the scoliosis begins to significantly affect abdominal volume. The spinal abnormality factor reflects the abnormal characteristics of the thoracic and abdominal deformities caused by scoliosis; a larger spinal abnormality factor indicates more pronounced abnormal characteristics of the thoracic and abdominal deformities caused by scoliosis.

[0042] In one specific implementation of this invention, the spinal abnormality factor The calculation formula is: In the formula, The Cobb angle value of the patient's preoperative principal curve region. Preset side bending angle.

[0043] Spinal abnormality factors In the calculation formula, when When it is 0, A value of 1 represents a normal state with no deformities in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. With... Increase, especially beyond hour, The more the value increases rapidly on a quadratic scale, the more pronounced the abnormal features of thoracic and abdominal deformities caused by scoliosis become.

[0044] Preferably, in some implementations of the present invention, the method for obtaining the risk weighting factor includes: Patients who have undergone scoliosis surgery may experience a decline in gut microbiota due to surgical trauma, antibiotic use, and prolonged fasting. This can lead to a weakened gut microbiota and an imbalance in the gut microbiota, increasing the risk of metabolic disorders.

[0045] Therefore, based on metagenomic sequencing data from patients' preoperative fecal samples, the sum of the relative abundances of genes containing microbial butyrate synthesis was calculated and denoted as . The microbial butyrate synthesis genes include at least the buk gene and the but gene, and the relative abundance sum refers to the sum of the gene abundance of the buk gene and the but gene in the metagenomic sequencing data.

[0046] Among them, the buk and but genes are highly representative of all microbial butyrate synthesis genes, and can more accurately reflect the inhibitory effect on the growth of beneficial intestinal flora.

[0047] The patient's risk weighting factor is determined by comparing the pre-defined standard gene abundance with the sum of relative abundances. This risk weighting factor does not directly represent the real-time intra-abdominal gas production after surgery, but rather the prior probability of loss of control when faced with increased intra-abdominal pressure. A higher risk weighting factor indicates a weaker resistance to colonization of beneficial gut bacteria, and a greater risk of intestinal metabolic disorders.

[0048] In one specific implementation of this invention, the risk weighting factor The calculation method is as follows: In the formula, To find the minimum value function, The upper limit is set to 20 to prevent the calculation results of the risk weighting factor from overflowing due to extremely low relative abundance sums. To preset the standard gene abundance, the value was taken as the median value of the gene abundance of microbial butyrate synthesis genes in a reference database of healthy individuals. The preset non-zero parameter takes a value of This is used to prevent the denominator from being zero. In the physical meaning of this formula, the smaller the relative abundance of the butyrate synthesis genes in the patient, the larger the calculated risk weighting factor, indicating a weaker colonization resistance of beneficial gut bacteria, and a higher risk of intestinal metabolic disorders.

[0049] Preferably, in some implementations of the present invention, the method for obtaining the periodically injected liquid volume includes: Before controlling the nutrient pump to continuously infuse nutrient solution into the patient, due to the significant differences in abdominal wall compliance among different scoliosis patients, directly using the infusion volume of the first preset time period may lead to false alarms or even deadlock due to initial deviations. Therefore, before controlling the nutrient pump to continuously infuse nutrient solution into the patient, a test infusion of nutrient solution is required to use the test data to reverse-calibrate the initial state of the infusion volume.

[0050] Therefore, for the first preset time period, the nutrient pump is controlled to inject a preset volume of nutrient solution into the patient once, and the preset volume is used as the periodic injection volume for the first preset time period, wherein the preset volume is 30 mL.

[0051] For each preset time period other than the first preset time period, the nutrient pump is controlled to continuously infuse the patient with nutrient solution. The product of the preset constant flow rate and the preset time period length is calculated as the periodic infusion volume for each of the remaining preset time periods, where the preset constant flow rate is 60 mL / h and the preset time period length is... h.

[0052] The volume of fluid injected in cycles reflects the exogenous stimulation applied to the intestines in each preset time period. The larger the volume of fluid injected in cycles, the greater the increase in intra-abdominal pressure.

[0053] Preferably, in some implementations of the present invention, the method for obtaining the periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation value includes: To avoid false alarms or even deadlocks caused by initial deviations in nutrient supply, for the first preset time period, the nutrient pump is controlled to inject a preset volume of nutrient solution into the patient once, and the pressure sensor in the patient's body continuously collects intra-abdominal pressure data at a sampling rate of 1Hz. The difference between the intra-abdominal pressure data at the end of the injection and the start of the injection is used as the periodic intra-abdominal pressure rise value for the first preset time period. For each preset time period other than the first preset time period, the nutrient pump continuously infuses the patient with nutrient solution. The difference between the mean intra-abdominal pressure of each of the remaining preset time periods and the previous preset time period is calculated as the first difference. If the first difference is greater than 0, it is taken as the increase in intra-abdominal pressure for each of the remaining preset time periods; if the first difference is less than or equal to 0, 0 is taken as the increase in intra-abdominal pressure for each of the remaining preset time periods. This method for determining the increase in intra-abdominal pressure considers the problem of negative intra-abdominal pressure drift, avoiding the problem of taking negative values ​​for the increase in intra-abdominal pressure, and more accurately reflects the increase in positive tension caused by fluid infusion or gas production in each preset time period.

[0054] Therefore, by pre-determining the intra-abdominal pressure rise value for the first preset time period, the problem of false alarms or even deadlock caused by initial deviations in nutrient supply is solved, and the accuracy of real-time monitoring of the subsequent nutrient supply injection process is improved.

[0055] In one specific implementation of this invention, a pressure sensor inside the patient continuously collects intra-abdominal pressure data at a sampling rate of 1 Hz. In order to filter out high-frequency physiological noise such as respiratory waves and heartbeat waves, a low-pass filter is used to filter the collected intra-abdominal pressure data.

[0056] Preferably, in some implementations of the present invention, the method for obtaining the intestinal wall compliance coefficient includes: Because abdominal wall compliance varies considerably among different scoliosis patients, in order to accurately analyze intestinal wall compliance, a nutrient pump is used to administer nutrient solution to the patient. During the nutrient solution administration process, the volume of fluid administered and the increase in intra-abdominal pressure are obtained for each preset time period. The volume of fluid administered represents the volume of fluid administered within each preset time period, and the increase in intra-abdominal pressure represents the degree of increase in intra-abdominal pressure in the patient during each preset time period.

[0057] Therefore, the ratio of the periodic intra-abdominal pressure increase to the periodic fluid injection volume is used as the pressure-volume ratio for each preset time period. This pressure-volume ratio reflects the patient's true overall pressure-volume ratio, facilitating accurate measurement of intestinal wall compliance. Furthermore, the ratio of the pressure-volume ratio to the spinal abnormality factor is used to normalize the pressure-volume ratio into a standardized unit coefficient, which serves as the intestinal wall compliance coefficient for each preset time period. This intestinal wall compliance coefficient reflects the physical stiffness of the intestinal wall in scoliosis patients, characterizing the increase in intra-abdominal pressure per unit volume of fluid injected, without abnormal pressure increases.

[0058] Preferably, in some implementations of the present invention, the method for obtaining the liquid filling pressure includes: Since the intestinal wall compliance coefficient can characterize the increase in intra-abdominal pressure caused by the injection of a unit volume of fluid without abnormal pressure rise, and the periodic injection volume characterizes the volume of fluid injected within each preset time period, while the spinal abnormality factor can reflect the abnormal characteristics of thoracic and abdominal deformities caused by scoliosis, combining the intestinal wall compliance coefficient, periodic injection volume, and spinal abnormality factor can measure the reasonable pressure increase caused by the injection of nutrient solution occupying the abdominal cavity space under thoracic and abdominal deformities caused by scoliosis.

[0059] Therefore, based on the volume of fluid injected in each preset time period, the intestinal wall compliance coefficient of the previous preset time period, and the aforementioned factors, a product-based calculation method is used to obtain the fluid filling pressure for each preset time period. This fluid filling pressure can reflect a reasonable increase in pressure caused solely by the occupancy of the abdominal cavity by the injected nutrient solution in cases of scoliosis-induced thoracic and abdominal deformities. The higher the fluid filling pressure, the more likely the patient is to have severe scoliosis.

[0060] In one specific implementation of this invention, the formula for calculating the liquid filling pressure is: In the formula, The liquid filling pressure for the k-th preset time period. The amount of liquid injected during the k-th preset time period. Let $\frac{k}{k}$ be the intestinal wall compliance coefficient of the previous preset time period. These are spinal abnormality factors in patients.

[0061] Among them, the larger the volume of fluid injected in a cycle, the greater the physical filling pressure of the abdominal cavity; the greater the intestinal wall compliance coefficient of the previous preset time cycle, the greater the physical filling pressure caused by the same injection volume; the greater the spinal abnormality factor, the more restricted the abdominal cavity volume, resulting in a greater physical filling pressure caused by the same injection volume.

[0062] Preferably, in some implementations of the present invention, the method for obtaining the intestinal tolerance warning index includes: Since the periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation value characterizes the actual increase in intra-abdominal pressure during nutrient infusion, and the fluid filling pressure reflects the reasonable increase in intra-abdominal pressure caused solely by the nutrient infusion occupying abdominal space in cases of scoliosis-induced thoracic and abdominal deformities, the difference between the periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation and the fluid filling pressure can reflect the residual pressure characteristics. Therefore, the residual pressure value for each preset time period can be determined based on the fluid filling pressure and the periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation value for each preset time period.

[0063] Preferably, in some implementations of the present invention, the method for obtaining the residual pressure value includes: The residual pressure value for each preset time period is calculated based on the difference between the fluid filling pressure and the periodic intra-abdominal pressure increase. This residual pressure value characterizes abnormal pressure features in the patient's abdominal cavity that cannot be explained by fluid filling. The larger the residual pressure value, the more likely it is to originate from gas produced by abnormal fermentation of intestinal flora or increased tension caused by intestinal wall spasm.

[0064] In one specific implementation of this invention, the method for calculating the residual pressure value is as follows: In the formula, The residual pressure value for the k-th preset time period. This represents the periodic increase in intra-abdominal pressure during the k-th preset time period. The liquid filling pressure for the k-th preset time period. This is a preset constant, used to avoid the denominator being 0, and its value is [value missing]. .

[0065] The formula for residual pressure values ​​uses a ratio to eliminate the dimensions of intra-abdominal pressure data. This indicates that the fluid filling pressure is greater than the periodic intra-abdominal pressure increase, and there are no abnormal pressure components that cannot be explained by fluid filling; if The presence of abnormal pressure components that cannot be explained by liquid filling is more likely to originate from gas produced by abnormal fermentation of gut microbiota or increased tension caused by intestinal wall spasms.

[0066] Furthermore, to classify and assess residual signals from patients with different risk backgrounds, the residual pressure values ​​for each preset time period are weighted using the aforementioned risk weighting factor to obtain an intestinal tolerance warning index for each preset time period. The intestinal tolerance warning index reflects the likelihood of intolerable abnormal pressure increases or spasms in the intestines. A higher intestinal tolerance warning index indicates a greater probability of intolerable abnormal pressure increases or spasms in the intestines, which helps in the accurate monitoring of nutritional supply to scoliosis patients.

[0067] In one specific implementation of this invention, the method for calculating the intestinal tolerance warning index is as follows: , This is the intestinal tolerance warning index for the k-th preset time period. Risk weighting factors for patients.

[0068] In the formula for the intestinal tolerance warning index, a larger risk weighting factor and a larger residual pressure value will result in a larger intestinal tolerance warning index. For low-risk patients with normal gene function, the risk weighting factor is close to 1, and the intestinal tolerance warning index is close to the residual pressure value, indicating good intestinal tolerance. However, for high-risk patients with gene function deficiency, the risk weighting factor is much greater than 1, and the intestinal tolerance warning index will be significantly increased, indicating poor intestinal tolerance.

[0069] Preferably, in some implementations of the present invention, the method for obtaining the injection monitoring identifier includes: Because it is necessary to protect the safety of patients receiving nutrient solutions in real time and to monitor the nutrient supply process in real time, the intestinal tolerance warning index can reflect the possibility of intolerable abnormal pressure rise or spasm in the intestine, while the periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation value can characterize the actual increase in intra-abdominal pressure in the patient's abdominal cavity during the nutrient solution injection process.

[0070] If the intestinal tolerance warning index for the current preset time period is less than or equal to the preset metabolic circuit breaker threshold, and the intra-abdominal pressure increase for the current preset time period is less than or equal to the preset physical safety threshold, then the current preset time period is determined to be in a safe adaptation state. The system sends a command to the nutrient pump to maintain operation or accelerate at a preset step size, and generates a nutrient supply injection monitoring flag indicating that it is permitted. The preset metabolic circuit breaker threshold is 5, a dimensionless parameter used to define the metabolic load limit after gene risk weighting; the preset physical safety threshold is 20 mmHg, a pressure value used to define the upper limit of physical tension that abdominal tissues can withstand, preventing abnormal situations caused by overfilling.

[0071] If the intestinal tolerance warning index of the current preset time period is greater than the preset metabolic circuit breaker threshold, or the intra-abdominal pressure increase value of the current preset time period is greater than the preset physical safety threshold, the current preset time period is determined to be in a dangerous state. The system sends a stop operation command to the nutrient pump, triggers an audible and visual alarm, and generates a nutrient supply injection monitoring mark as prohibited.

[0072] Therefore, by judging the intestinal tolerance warning index and the periodic intra-abdominal pressure increase value of the current preset time period, a nutrient supply injection monitoring indicator is generated, which can more accurately monitor the nutrient supply injection process in real time.

[0073] It should be noted that the order of the above embodiments of the present invention is merely for descriptive purposes and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0074] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function, characterized in that, The system includes: The static parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the Cobb angle value of the patient's preoperative main curvature region, and to acquire the patient's spinal abnormality factor using the Cobb angle value; it also acquires metagenomic sequencing data of the patient's preoperative fecal sample, and to acquire the patient's risk weighting factor using the metagenomic sequencing data. The intestinal wall compliance analysis module is used to control the nutrient pump to administer nutrient solution to the patient, obtain the periodic infusion volume and periodic intra-abdominal pressure rise value for each preset time period; analyze the pressure-volume ratio based on the periodic intra-abdominal pressure rise value and the periodic infusion volume, and use the spinal abnormality factor for correction to determine the intestinal wall compliance coefficient for each preset time period. The intestinal tolerance analysis module is used to determine the fluid filling pressure for each preset time period based on the intestinal wall compliance coefficient of the previous preset time period; and to determine the intestinal tolerance warning index for each preset time period based on the fluid filling pressure, the periodic intra-abdominal pressure increase, and the risk weighting factor. The nutrition pump status monitoring module is used to determine the intestinal tolerance warning index and the periodic intra-abdominal pressure rise value based on the current preset time period, and generate a nutrient supply injection monitoring indicator.

2. The nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the spinal abnormality factor includes: The patient's spinal abnormality factor is determined by the square of the ratio between the Cobb angle value and the preset scoliosis angle.

3. The nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The methods for obtaining the risk weighting factor include: Based on metagenomic sequencing data from preoperative fecal samples of patients, the total relative abundance of genes containing microbial butyrate synthesis was calculated, wherein the microbial butyrate synthesis genes include at least the buk gene and the but gene. The risk weighting factor for each patient is determined by comparing the pre-defined standard gene abundance with the sum of relative abundance.

4. The nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the periodic injection volume of liquid includes: For the first preset time period, the preset volume is used as the periodic liquid injection volume for the first preset time period. For each preset time period other than the first preset time period, the product of the preset constant flow rate and the preset time period length is calculated as the periodic injection volume for each of the remaining preset time periods.

5. A nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the periodic intra-abdominal pressure elevation value includes: For the first preset time period, the nutrient pump is controlled to inject a preset volume of nutrient solution into the patient once, and the difference between the intra-abdominal pressure data at the end of the injection and the start of the injection is used as the periodic intra-abdominal pressure rise value for the first preset time period. For each preset time period other than the first preset time period, the nutrient pump is controlled to continuously infuse the patient with nutrient solution. The difference between the mean intra-abdominal pressure of each of the remaining preset time periods and the previous preset time period is calculated as the first difference. If the first difference is greater than 0, the first difference is used as the increase in intra-abdominal pressure of each of the remaining preset time periods. If the first difference is less than or equal to 0, 0 is used as the increase in intra-abdominal pressure of each of the remaining preset time periods.

6. The nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the intestinal wall compliance coefficient includes: The ratio of the periodic intra-abdominal pressure increase to the periodic fluid injection volume is used as the pressure-volume ratio for each preset time period, and the ratio of the pressure-volume ratio to the spinal abnormality factor is used as the intestinal wall compliance coefficient for each preset time period.

7. A nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the liquid filling pressure includes: Based on the periodic injection volume of liquid for each preset time period, the intestinal wall compliance coefficient of the previous preset time period, and the spinal abnormality factor, the liquid filling pressure for each preset time period is obtained by multiplication calculation.

8. A nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the intestinal tolerance early warning index includes: The residual pressure value for each preset time period is determined based on the fluid filling pressure and the intra-abdominal pressure rise value for each preset time period. Based on the residual pressure value of each preset time period and the risk weighting factor, the intestinal tolerance warning index for each preset time period is calculated.

9. A nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the residual pressure value includes: The residual pressure value for each preset time period is calculated based on the difference between the fluid filling pressure and the intra-abdominal pressure increase value for each preset time period.

10. A nutritional metabolism monitoring system for scoliosis patients based on gut microbiota gene function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the injection monitoring identifier includes: If the intestinal tolerance warning index of the current preset time period is less than or equal to the preset metabolic circuit breaker threshold, and the intra-abdominal pressure increase value of the current preset time period is less than or equal to the preset physical safety threshold, then the current preset time period is determined to be in a safe adaptation state. The system sends an instruction to the nutrient pump to maintain operation or accelerate according to a preset step size, and the generated nutrient supply injection monitoring mark is allowed. If the intestinal tolerance warning index of the current preset time period is greater than the preset metabolic circuit breaker threshold, or the intra-abdominal pressure increase value of the current preset time period is greater than the preset physical safety threshold, the current preset time period is determined to be in a dangerous state. The system sends a stop operation command to the nutrient pump, triggers an audible and visual alarm, and generates a nutrient supply injection monitoring mark as prohibited.

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