Power conversion device, photovoltaic power generation system, and energy storage device

Abstract

This invention provides a power conversion device, a photovoltaic power generation system, and an energy storage device. The power conversion device includes an AC-DC switch-mode power supply (SMPS) and a DC-DC SMPS. The AC-DC SMPS is configured to receive AC power from an AC power source and output DC power. The DC-DC SMPS is configured to receive DC power supplied from each of one or more DC power sources and the DC power output by the AC-DC SMPS, and to supply DC power to one or more loads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a power conversion device, a photovoltaic power generation system, and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] A power conversion device can refer to a device used to convert applied electricity and output the converted electricity to another system or device. In particular, in a photovoltaic power generation system, a power conversion device can perform the function of converting the electricity generated from photovoltaic modules or the electricity stored in batteries and transmitting the converted electricity to other devices such as the power grid, loads, etc.

[0003] A switched-mode power supply (SMPS) is a power supply device widely used in various electronic devices such as computers, televisions (TVs), and industrial electronic equipment. Compared with linear power supplies, SMPS offers higher energy efficiency and stability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure aims to provide a power conversion device. The problems this disclosure seeks to solve are not limited to those mentioned above; other problems and advantages not mentioned in this disclosure can be understood from the following description and will become clearer through the examples in this disclosure. Furthermore, it should be appreciated that the problems and advantages to be solved by this disclosure can be achieved by the means indicated in the claims and combinations thereof.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a power conversion device includes an AC-DC switch-mode power supply (SMPS) and a DC-DC SMPS, wherein the AC-DC SMPS is configured to receive AC power from an AC power source and output DC power, and the DC-DC SMPS is configured to receive DC power supplied from each of one or more DC power sources and DC power output by the AC-DC SMPS, and to supply DC power to one or more loads.

[0006] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a photovoltaic power generation system includes one or more photovoltaic modules, a power grid, a power storage device, one or more loads, and a power conversion device. The one or more photovoltaic modules are configured to generate electricity, the power grid is configured to transmit electricity generated at a power plant, the power storage device is configured to store the electricity generated by the one or more photovoltaic modules, the one or more loads are configured to consume the supplied electricity, and the power conversion device is configured to convert the electricity supplied by the one or more photovoltaic modules, the power grid, and the power storage device, and transmit the converted electricity to the one or more loads. The power conversion device includes an AC-DC switch-mode power supply (SMPS) and a DC-DC SMPS. The AC-DC SMPS is configured to receive AC power from the power grid and output DC power, and the DC-DC SMPS is configured to receive DC power supplied from the one or more photovoltaic modules, DC power applied from the power storage device, and DC power output by the AC-DC SMPS, and supply DC power to the one or more loads.

[0007] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, an energy storage device includes a plurality of battery cells and a power conversion module, the power conversion module including an AC-DC switch-mode power supply (SMPS) and a DC-DC SMPS, the AC-DC SMPS being configured to receive AC power from an AC power source and output DC power, and the DC-DC SMPS being configured to receive DC power supplied from each of one or more DC power sources and the DC power output by the AC-DC SMPS, and to supply DC power to one or more loads.

[0008] In addition, another method and another system for implementing this disclosure may be provided, as well as a computer-readable recording medium in which a computer program for performing the method is stored.

[0009] These and other aspects, features, and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the following drawings, claims, and detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The above and other aspects, features and advantages of certain embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a block diagram showing a traditional power conversion system; Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a power conversion system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 3 This is a block diagram of a power conversion system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 4This is a block diagram illustrating a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and Figure 5 This is a view used to schematically describe the power supply system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The advantages and features of this disclosure, as well as methods for achieving these advantages and features, will become apparent from the embodiments described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments presented below, but can be implemented in various different forms and should be understood to include all variations, equivalents, and substitutions contained within the spirit and scope of this disclosure. The embodiments presented below are provided to fully and perfectly inform those skilled in the art of this disclosure of its completeness. In describing this disclosure, detailed descriptions of related known technologies will be omitted, as they may obscure the main points of this disclosure.

[0012] The terminology used herein is for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Singular forms may include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should be understood that the terms "comprising," "having," etc., as used herein are intended to indicate the presence of the features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0013] Some embodiments of this disclosure can be represented by functional block configurations and various processing steps. Some or all of the functional blocks can be implemented using various numbers of hardware and / or software configurations that perform a specific function. In some embodiments, the functional blocks of this disclosure can be implemented by one or more microprocessor or circuit configurations for certain functions. In some embodiments, the functional blocks of this disclosure can be implemented in various programming or scripting languages. Functional blocks can be implemented as algorithms running on one or more processors. This disclosure can be used for electronic environment setup, signal processing and / or data processing, etc. Terms such as “mechanism,” “element,” “means,” or “configuration” are used extensively and are not limited to mechanical and physical configurations.

[0014] Furthermore, the wiring or connecting components shown in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of functional and / or physical or electrical connections. In actual devices, connections between components can be represented by various alternative or additional functional, physical, or electrical connections.

[0015] Furthermore, "activating" or "deactivating" a functional block or component of this disclosure can mean performing or not performing an operation by turning a switch on or off. That is, when a functional block or component is activated, it means that the switch of the functional block or component is turned on and operated, thereby forming an electrical connection with surrounding functional blocks or components. On the other hand, when a functional block or component is deactivated, it means that the switch of the functional block or component is turned off and not operated, thereby blocking the electrical connection with surrounding functional blocks or components.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a block diagram illustrating a conventional power conversion system.

[0017] In a conventional power conversion system, as a power conversion device, an alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) switch-mode power supply (SMPS) 100 can receive AC power from an AC power supply 110.

[0018] Although Figure 1 Although not shown, the AC-DC SMPS 100 may include a rectifier circuit for rectifying the applied alternating current, a filter circuit for generating an accurate output, a transformer, and / or a control circuit for controlling the operation of the AC-DC SMPS 100.

[0019] Power can be applied to a switching circuit via a rectifier circuit and / or a filter circuit, which may include switching elements such as transistors.

[0020] The power supplied by the switching circuit can be converted into the required voltage level by a transformer.

[0021] refer to Figure 1 The AC-DC SMPS 100 can be a multi-output SMPS and can output power to one or more loads, including a first load 131 and a second load 132. The power output to the one or more loads (e.g., the magnitude of the power) can be different from each other.

[0022] As mentioned above, in traditional power conversion systems, the power conversion device can receive alternating current (AC) and output direct current (DC) to the load. However, in systems such as photovoltaic power generation systems, not only AC power but also DC power can be included, and flexible switching between AC and DC power may be required as needed.

[0023] The power conversion device according to various embodiments of this disclosure is capable of flexibly switching between one or more power sources.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a power conversion system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] In an embodiment, Figure 2 The power conversion system shown may be included in a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0026] refer to Figure 2 The power conversion system according to the embodiment may include the power conversion device 200 according to the embodiment.

[0027] In one embodiment, the power conversion device 200 may include AC-DC SMPS 201 and DC-DC SMPS 202. AC-DC SMPS 201 and DC-DC SMPS 202 may be connected to each other.

[0028] In one embodiment, alternating current (AC) can be applied from AC power source 210 as the input to AC-DC SMPS 201. In another embodiment, direct current (DC) can be output as the output of AC-DC SMPS 201, and the output of AC-DC SMPS 201 can be applied to DC-DC SMPS 202.

[0029] Although Figure 2 Although not shown, the AC-DC SMPS 201 may include a rectifier circuit for rectifying the alternating current applied to the AC power supply 210, a filter circuit for generating an accurate output, a transformer, and / or a control circuit for controlling the operation of the AC-DC SMPS 201.

[0030] Power can be applied to a switching circuit via a rectifier circuit and / or a filter circuit, which may include switching elements such as transistors.

[0031] The power supplied by the switching circuit can be converted into the required voltage level by a transformer.

[0032] In this embodiment, as described above, direct current can be applied as the input to the DC-DC SMPS 202 and the output to the AC-DC SMPS 201. In this embodiment, direct current can be applied from each of one or more DC power supplies, including a first DC power supply 221 and a second DC power supply 222, as the input to the DC-DC SMPS 202.

[0033] Although Figure 2 Not shown, but the DC-DC SMPS 202 may include a switching circuit for switching the applied DC power, a filtering circuit for storing and filtering energy, and / or a control circuit for controlling the operation of the DC-DC SMPS 202.

[0034] In this embodiment, the DC-DC SMPS 202 may be a multi-output SMPS. (See reference...) Figure 2The DC-DC SMPS 202 can supply power to one or more loads, including a first load 231 and a second load 232. The power output to the one or more loads (e.g., the magnitude of the power) can be different from each other.

[0035] In this embodiment, the AC power source 210 can be any type of AC power source, such as the power grid. The power grid can refer to a system that transmits and distributes the electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system, or supplies external energy to the photovoltaic power generation system.

[0036] In this embodiment, each of the one or more DC power supplies, including the first DC power supply 221 and the second DC power supply 222, can be any type of DC power supply, such as any of a battery (or power storage device), a photovoltaic module, etc. A battery can refer to a device that stores electricity supplied to a photovoltaic power generation system. A photovoltaic module can refer to a device that generates electricity based on solar energy.

[0037] The power conversion system according to this disclosure can selectively control the power supply to the power conversion device 200, or selectively control the main power supply. In an embodiment, the power conversion system can control the AC power supply 210 to not supply power as needed. In an embodiment, the power conversion system can control at least some of the one or more DC power supplies to supply power as needed. In an embodiment, the power conversion system can select either the AC power supply or one or more DC power supplies as the main power supply.

[0038] In an embodiment, the power conversion system may determine and control whether to apply power to the power conversion system from each of one or more power sources, or whether to select one power source as the primary source of power, based on various factors such as load power consumption, power generation, battery charging, and electricity usage fees.

[0039] In the following description, an example will be provided where AC power supply 210 is the power grid, first DC power supply 221 is a battery, and second DC power supply 222 is a photovoltaic module. In some embodiments, when sufficient power can be supplied to one or more loads using only first DC power supply 221 or second DC power supply 222, the power conversion system may control AC power supply 210 to not supply power. In some embodiments, when it is difficult to supply sufficient power to one or more loads using only first DC power supply 221 or second DC power supply 222, the power conversion system may control AC power supply 210 to supply power. In some embodiments, when sufficient power can be supplied to one or more loads using only second DC power supply 222 during the day when solar energy is high, the power conversion system may control first DC power supply 221 to not supply power. On the other hand, in some embodiments, when it is difficult to apply sufficient power to one or more loads using second DC power supply 222 at night when solar energy is low, the power conversion system may control either first DC power supply 221 or AC power supply 210 to supply power. In some embodiments, when it is difficult to supply sufficient power to one or more loads using only the second DC power supply 222 and the charge of the first DC power supply 221 is low, power can be supplied by the AC power supply 210 during the daytime when solar energy is high. Based on the power generation of the second DC power supply 222, either the AC power supply 210 or the second DC power supply 222 can be controlled to be used as the main power supply. In some embodiments, during periods of high electricity usage fees, the photovoltaic power generation system can control the AC power supply 210 to not supply power.

[0040] The power supply from AC power source 210 can be controlled by controlling the operation of AC-DC SMPS 201. Controlling the power supply from AC power source 210 by the power conversion system may include controlling the operation of AC-DC SMPS 201.

[0041] Selective control of the power supply source by the power conversion system, or selective control of the primary power supply source, can be performed by a controller (not shown) included in or separately provided from the power conversion system. In some embodiments, this is performed by a processor included in the controller. The controller can measure or detect the value applied to each element in the power conversion system and control the operation of the power conversion system based on the measured or detected values.

[0042] At the same time, Figure 2 In the diagram, although the first load 231 and the second load 232 are shown as connected to the output of the power conversion device 200, in one embodiment, one or more batteries may be connected to the output of the power conversion device 200.

[0043] Figure 3This is a block diagram of a power conversion system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] In an embodiment, Figure 3 The power conversion system shown may be included in a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0045] refer to Figure 3 The power conversion system according to an embodiment may include a power conversion device 300 according to an embodiment. When with... Figure 2 Compared to the power conversion device 200, Figure 3 The power conversion device 300 may further include a rectifier 303 and a link capacitor 304.

[0046] In one embodiment, the power conversion device 300 may include AC-DC SMPS 201 and DC-DC SMPS 202. In another embodiment, the power conversion device 300 may also include a rectifier 303 and a link capacitor 304.

[0047] In this embodiment, alternating current applied from AC power source 310 can be supplied to rectifier 303. Rectifier 303 can rectify the alternating current supplied from AC power source 310 and output the rectified alternating current to AC-DC SMPS 301.

[0048] In some embodiments, rectifier 303 may include any type of rectifier circuit. In some embodiments, rectifier 303 may include a half-wave rectifier circuit, a full-wave rectifier circuit, a bridge rectifier circuit, a voltage multiplier circuit, etc.

[0049] In an embodiment, the power conversion device 300 may further include a rectifier 303, which enables a more stable output of direct current as the output of the AC-DC SMPS 301.

[0050] In this embodiment, the output of rectifier 303 can be input to AC-DC SMPS 301, and can output DC power as the output of AC-DC SMPS 301. The output of AC-DC SMPS 301 can be applied to DC-DC SMPS 302.

[0051] Although Figure 3 Although not shown, the AC-DC SMPS 301 may include rectifier circuitry, filter circuitry for generating fine output, transformer, and / or control circuitry for controlling the operation of the AC-DC SMPS 301.

[0052] Power can be applied to a switching circuit via a rectifier circuit and / or a filter circuit, which may include switching elements such as transistors.

[0053] The power supplied by the switching circuit can be converted into the required voltage level by a transformer.

[0054] As described above, direct current (i.e., the output of AC-DC SMPS 301) can be applied as the input to DC-DC SMPS 302. In an embodiment, direct current can be applied from each of one or more DC power supplies, including a first DC power supply 321 and a second DC power supply 322, as the input to DC-DC SMPS 302.

[0055] Although Figure 3 Not shown, but the DC-DC SMPS 302 may include a switching circuit for switching the applied DC power, a filtering circuit for storing and filtering energy, and / or a control circuit for controlling the operation of the DC-DC SMPS 302.

[0056] In this embodiment, the DC-DC SMPS 302 may be a multi-output SMPS. (See reference...) Figure 3 The DC-DC SMPS 302 can output power to one or more loads, including a first load 331 and a second load 332. The power output to the one or more loads (e.g., the magnitude of the power) can be different from each other.

[0057] As described above, the power conversion device 300 may include a link capacitor 304.

[0058] In this embodiment, link capacitor 304 may be connected to the input of DC-DC SMPS 302. The applied DC current can be detected through link capacitor 304 of power conversion device 300. The operation of power conversion device 300 can be controlled via the DC current detected through link capacitor 304.

[0059] In an embodiment, the operation of the power conversion device 300 can be controlled based on the link capacitor 304 and one or more preset thresholds. In an embodiment, the AC-DC SMPS 301 can be deactivated if the voltage detected by the link capacitor 304 is at least a first threshold. In some embodiments, the output voltage of the AC-DC SMPS 301 can be 100 VDC, and the first threshold can be 200 VDC. In another example, power can be applied from a first DC power source 321 if the voltage detected by the link capacitor 304 is less than a second threshold, and power can be applied from a second DC power source 322 if the voltage detected by the link capacitor 304 is greater than the second threshold. In some embodiments, the second threshold can be 250 VDC, the first DC power source 321 can be a battery, and the second DC power source 322 can be a photovoltaic module. One or more preset thresholds, such as the first threshold, the second threshold, and the third threshold, can be appropriately set based on the specifications of the components in the power conversion system (e.g., the operating range of the power source).

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, link capacitors 304 can be commonly connected to the input of DC-DC SMPS 302, corresponding to all applied DC power. However, in embodiments, link capacitors 304 can be individually connected to each of one or more DC power supplies. That is, in some embodiments, the power conversion device 300 may include a first link capacitor corresponding to the output of AC-DC SMPS 301, a second link capacitor corresponding to a first DC power supply, a third link capacitor corresponding to a second DC power supply, and so on.

[0061] At the same time, Figure 3 In the diagram, although the first load 331 and the second load 332 are shown as connected to the output of the power conversion device 300, in one embodiment, one or more batteries may be connected to the output of the power conversion device 300.

[0062] The above references Figure 2 The examples of the described AC power supply 210, first DC power supply 221, and second DC power supply 222, as well as the example of controlling the power applied to the power conversion device of the power conversion system, can also be applied to... Figure 3 The power conversion system is shown. Therefore, redundant descriptions will not be provided.

[0063] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating a photovoltaic power generation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0064] refer to Figure 4According to the embodiments, the photovoltaic power generation system 400 may include one or more photovoltaic modules 410, power conversion device 420, power grid 430, load 440 and / or power storage device 450.

[0065] One or more photovoltaic modules 410 can generate electricity based on solar energy and may include multiple solar cells.

[0066] Power conversion device 420 refers to a device that converts the power supplied in the photovoltaic power generation system 400 and transmits the converted power to the power demand source in the photovoltaic power generation system 400. Power conversion device 420 may include converter 421 and inverter 422. In an embodiment, converter 421 may be a DC-DC converter. In an embodiment, inverter 422 can convert direct current into alternating current. Devices that may be included in power conversion device 420 are not limited to the devices described above.

[0067] The power conversion device 420 can convert the electricity generated by one or more photovoltaic modules 410 and transmit the generated electricity to the power grid 430, load 440, etc. The power conversion device 420 can also convert the electricity supplied from the power grid 430 and transmit the electricity to the load 440, power storage device 450, etc. The power conversion device 420 can also convert the electricity supplied from the power storage device 450 and transmit the converted electricity to the load 440, etc.

[0068] Figure 4 The power conversion device 420 shown can be based on the above reference. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The power conversion apparatus of various embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the power conversion apparatus may include an AC-DC SMPS and a DC-DC SMPS, wherein the AC-DC SMPS receives alternating current from an AC power source and outputs direct current, and the DC-DC SMPS receives direct current supplied from each of one or more DC power sources and the direct current output by the AC-DC SMPS, and supplies direct current to one or more loads.

[0069] The power grid 430 may refer to a system that transmits and distributes electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 400, or supplies external energy to the photovoltaic power generation system 400. The power grid 430 can transmit electricity generated at the power plant to the photovoltaic power generation system 400, or transmit surplus electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system 400 to the outside.

[0070] Load 440 can refer to any object that consumes electricity supplied by the photovoltaic power generation system 400. Load 440 may include household appliances such as washing machines, refrigerators, and televisions.

[0071] The power storage device 450 can receive and store electricity generated from one or more photovoltaic modules 410. The power storage device 450 may include an energy storage system (ESS) capable of storing the generated electricity and efficiently supplying power to the load 440 when the load 440 requires power.

[0072] Apart from Figure 4 In addition to the components shown, the photovoltaic power generation system 400 may also include any suitable components for operating the photovoltaic power generation system 400. In some embodiments, the photovoltaic power generation system 400 may include a connection portion for moving power within the photovoltaic power generation system 400, a switchboard for distributing power within the photovoltaic power generation system 400, monitoring equipment for monitoring the photovoltaic power generation system 400, etc.

[0073] Figure 5 It is a view used to schematically depict the power supply system according to this disclosure.

[0074] refer to Figure 5 The power supply system 10 may include photovoltaic modules (PV) 11, equipment 12, loads 14, and / or power distribution equipment 15. The power supply system 10 may be connected to an external power grid 16.

[0075] At least one photovoltaic module 11 can be installed on the roof or exterior wall of a building to generate electricity. Multiple photovoltaic modules 11 can be connected to form a photovoltaic module array.

[0076] Photovoltaic module 11 can be connected to device 12. In some embodiments, at least one device 12 can be connected to each photovoltaic module 11. In some embodiments, where one device 12 is connected to each photovoltaic module 11, the number of devices 12 constituting the power supply system 10 may be equal to the number of photovoltaic modules 11.

[0077] Device 12 may be a power regulation system or power conversion system (PCS) that performs power conversion on the power generated from photovoltaic module 11. In some embodiments, device 12 may perform selected conversion on the power generated from photovoltaic module 11 and supply the converted power to other components of power supply system 10 (e.g., grid 16 and / or load 14, etc.).

[0078] Device 12 may be a module-level power electronics (MLPE) device. In some embodiments, device 12 may be an optimizer or a micro-inverter (MI).

[0079] In some embodiments, where device 12 is an optimizer, device 12 can regulate the power generated from photovoltaic module 11 and output the regulated power to an inverter (e.g., a string inverter). The current converted by the inverter (e.g., DC to AC) can be output to grid 16 or load 14.

[0080] In some embodiments, where device 12 is a microinverter, device 12 can convert the power generated from photovoltaic module 11 (e.g., convert direct current to alternating current). The converted current in device 12 can be output to grid 16 or load 14.

[0081] If necessary, the power supply system 10 may also include a combiner 13. At least a portion of the devices 12 can be connected to the power distribution equipment 15 via the combiner 13. In some embodiments, power output from multiple devices 12 can be combined by the combiner 13 into a single output and supplied to the power distribution equipment 15.

[0082] Device 12 and power distribution equipment 15 can be connected via a power path excluding combiner 13, at least one device 12 can be connected to power distribution equipment 15 via a power path excluding combiner 13, and at least one other device 12 can be connected to power distribution equipment 15 via combiner 13.

[0083] The combiner 13 can control the voltage, current and / or power output from the device 12 according to the power supply status of the photovoltaic module 11, the device 12 and / or the power grid 16, and set the operating mode of the combiner 13 to diagnostic mode or drive mode, etc.

[0084] The combiner 13 may include an energy management system (EMS) for controlling the operation of the combiner 13. The EMS may control the voltage, current and / or power supplied to or output from the device 12 based on the power supply status of the photovoltaic module 11, the device 12 and / or the power grid 16, and set the operating mode of the combiner 13 to diagnostic mode or drive mode, etc.

[0085] One or more loads 14 may refer to objects installed in power receivers such as houses, commercial facilities, factories, etc., and operating by receiving at least one of the energy generated by the photovoltaic module 11, the energy stored in the energy storage device 17, and / or the energy supplied from the power grid 16. In some embodiments, where the power receiver receiving electricity is a house, the load 14 may include household appliances such as washing machines, refrigerators, TVs, etc.

[0086] The power grid 16 may include infrastructure systems for generating, transmitting, and distributing electricity. In some embodiments, the power grid 16 may include infrastructure systems such as power plants, substations, and power lines. The power grid 16 may transmit electrical energy generated at a power plant to the power supply system 10, or transmit surplus electricity generated in the power supply system 10 to the outside of the power supply system 10.

[0087] In some embodiments, commercial electricity transmitted from the power grid 16 via utility poles can be supplied to a power receiver via a transformer. The power supply system 10 can be implemented as an off-grid system not connected to the power grid 16.

[0088] The power supply system 10 may also include at least one energy storage device 17. As needed, the power supply system 10 may also include multiple energy storage devices 17. The energy storage device 17 can receive and store electricity generated by the photovoltaic module 11 and / or electricity transmitted from the power grid 16. The energy storage device 17 can efficiently supply power by storing electricity and supplying power to the load 14 when the load 14 requires it.

[0089] Energy storage device 17 may include a battery for storing electricity and a power conversion module. The battery may include multiple battery cells. The battery includes a battery management system (BMS), which monitors the battery's stage of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), voltage and / or current, performs diagnostics on the battery, and performs safety functions such as current cut-off.

[0090] The power conversion module can be a PCS that performs the conversion between battery-side power and power on the opposite side. In some embodiments, the PCS can perform the conversion between DC power on the battery side and AC power on the opposite side. As an example, the PCS may include a bidirectional DC-DC converter connected to the battery to convert voltage, and a bidirectional inverter connecting the DC-DC converter to the outside of the energy storage device 17.

[0091] The power conversion module may include a power conversion device according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0092] The energy storage device 17 may also include an EMS for controlling the operation of the energy storage device 17. The EMS can control the voltage, current and / or power supplied to or output from the energy storage device 17 according to the power supply status of the battery and / or the power grid 16, and can set the operating mode of the energy storage device 17 to diagnostic mode or drive mode, etc.

[0093] As needed, the EMS coupled to a selected component of the power supply system 10 can control not only the operation of the selected component, but also the operation of other components of the power supply system 10. For example, an EMS coupled to the combiner 13 or an EMS coupled to the energy storage device 17 can control both the operation of the combiner 13 and the operation of the energy storage device 17.

[0094] The power distribution device 15 provides electrical connections between components of the power supply system 10 and controls the power flow of the power supply system 10. In some embodiments, the power distribution device 15 can electrically connect the photovoltaic module 11 and the load 14. In some embodiments, the power distribution device 15 can be connected to a device 12 connected to the photovoltaic module 11 to electrically connect the photovoltaic module 11 to the load 14. If necessary, the power distribution device 15 can also be connected to at least one of the energy storage device 17 and the power grid 16.

[0095] In some embodiments, the power distribution device 15 may be a distribution panel that distributes power within the power supply system 10. In some embodiments, the power distribution device 15 may be a master service panel (MSP) that distributes power generated from the photovoltaic module 11 to loads such as 14.

[0096] In some embodiments, the power distribution equipment 15 may be a main controller that performs power distribution within the power supply system and controls each device 12. In some embodiments, the main controller may include switches, circuit breakers, and control units. The switches, circuit breakers, and control units may each be implemented as independent devices, or at least some of the switches, circuit breakers, and control units may be included in a single device.

[0097] The main controller may include switches that control electrical connections between components connected to the main controller, such as device 12 and load 14. In some embodiments, the main controller may include relays, power semiconductors, etc., which provide or block electrical connections to device 12 and / or energy storage device 17 based on the operating state of each component of the power supply system 10.

[0098] In emergency situations such as an overcurrent in the power supply system 10, the main controller can perform a rapid shutdown to stop the photovoltaic module 11 from generating electricity. For this purpose, the main controller may include a circuit breaker that blocks the connection between the device 12 and the load 14.

[0099] The main controller may include a control unit that typically controls the operation of the main controller. In addition to controlling the main controller, the control unit may also control the operation of other components of the power supply system 10 (such as device 12, energy storage device 17, etc.).

[0100] The control unit can control the voltage, current, and / or power output from or supplied to each component based on the power supply status of the photovoltaic module 11, device 12, combiner 13, load 14, grid 16, and / or energy storage device 17. The control unit can set the operating mode of the main controller, device 12, and / or energy storage device 17 to diagnostic mode, drive mode, etc.

[0101] In some embodiments, the control unit may control the photovoltaic module 11, device 12, combiner 13, and / or energy storage device 17 based on the state of the power supply system 10. In some embodiments, the control unit may control other components of the power supply system 10 by enabling the main controller to communicate with other components of the power supply system 10 (e.g., device 12, etc.). Communication between the main controller and other components of the power supply system 10 may be performed using power line communication (PLC), but this disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0102] In some embodiments, the control unit can control the device 12 according to the power generation status of the photovoltaic module 11. In some embodiments, the main controller can receive control commands from a server that monitors the power generation status of the photovoltaic module 11, and the control unit can control the device 12 according to the control commands.

[0103] In the event of a power supply disruption from the grid 16 (e.g., in an off-grid situation), the main controller can supply power to at least a portion of the loads 14. In some embodiments, in the event of a power supply disruption from the grid 16, the main controller can prioritize supplying the power generated by the photovoltaic module 11 and / or the power stored in the energy storage device 17 to standby loads with a relatively high demand for a stable power supply.

[0104] The power supply system 10 may also include auxiliary power generation equipment (such as a diesel generator), which generates electricity in a manner other than photovoltaic power generation. In some embodiments, the auxiliary power generation equipment may also be connected to the power distribution equipment 15. In cases where the main controller is unable to meet the standby load requirements solely through the photovoltaic module 11 and energy storage device 17 due to environmental factors such as time zones or weather, the main controller may supply the power generated by the auxiliary power generation equipment to the standby load.

[0105] The control unit can be implemented by at least one processor. The processor processes commands from a computer program by performing basic arithmetic, logic, and input / output operations. Commands can be provided from the main controller's internal memory or from external devices. The processor typically controls the operation of other components included in the main controller.

[0106] The processor may use at least one of machine learning, neural network, and deep learning algorithms as a rule-based or artificial intelligence algorithm to perform at least some of the data analysis, processing, and result information generation to perform the aforementioned operations. Examples of neural networks may include architecture-based neural network models such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), deep neural networks (DNNs), and recurrent neural networks (RNNs).

[0107] In some embodiments, the processor may be implemented as an array of logic gates, or as a combination of a general-purpose microprocessor and memory, the memory storing programs that can run on the microprocessor. In some embodiments, the processor may include a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a controller, a microcontroller, a state machine, etc.

[0108] In some environments, a processor may include an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. In some embodiments, a processor may refer to a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a combination of multiple microprocessors, a combination of one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or a combination of processing devices, such as any combination of other such components.

[0109] Figure 5 The energy storage device 17 shown may include, according to the above reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The power conversion apparatus of various embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, the power conversion apparatus may include an AC-DC SMPS and a DC-DC SMPS, wherein the AC-DC SMPS receives alternating current from an AC power source and outputs direct current, and the DC-DC SMPS receives direct current supplied from each of one or more DC power sources and the direct current output by the AC-DC SMPS, and supplies direct current to one or more loads.

[0110] The power supply system 10 can be implemented in various forms by combining at least some of the above components.

[0111] The power conversion device according to this disclosure can be used as a component as referenced above. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The photovoltaic power generation system or power supply system described herein may be used, but the application of the power conversion device according to this disclosure is not limited to the foregoing description. In some embodiments, the power conversion device according to this disclosure may be used in vehicles, portable electronic devices such as smartphones, power generation systems other than photovoltaic power generation systems, communication equipment such as base stations or servers, etc.

[0112] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, AC power or DC power can be selectively used, and the power conversion device can still operate even if AC power or DC power is absent or disconnected.

[0113] All examples or exemplary terms (e.g., etc.) used in this disclosure are for the purpose of describing the disclosure in detail only, and the scope of this disclosure is not limited by these examples or exemplary terms except as defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications, combinations, and changes can be made based on the design conditions and factors within the scope of the appended claims or their equivalents.

[0114] Therefore, the spirit of this disclosure should not be limited to the above embodiments, and not only the appended claims, but also any scope equivalent to or modified from the claims falls within the scope of the spirit of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A power conversion device, comprising: An AC-DC switch-mode power supply (SMPS) is configured to receive AC power from an AC power source and output DC power. as well as A DC-DC SMPS configured to receive DC power supplied from each of one or more DC power sources and DC power output from the AC-DC SMPS, and to supply DC power to one or more loads.

2. The power conversion device of claim 1, wherein, The DC currents output to the one or more loads are different from each other.

3. The power conversion device of claim 1, further comprising: A rectifier configured to rectify the alternating current supplied from the AC power source and output the rectified alternating current to the AC-DC SMPS.

4. The power conversion device according to claim 1, further comprising: Link capacitor, the link capacitor being configured to detect DC current supplied from each of the one or more DC power sources and DC current output by the AC-DC SMPS.

5. The power conversion device according to claim 1, wherein, Determine whether to supply power through the AC power supply and each of the one or more DC power supplies.

6. A photovoltaic power generation system, comprising: One or more photovoltaic modules, the one or more photovoltaic modules being configured to generate electricity; A power grid configured to transmit electricity generated at a power plant; A power storage device configured to store electricity generated by the one or more photovoltaic modules; One or more loads, which are configured to consume the supplied power; as well as A power conversion device configured to convert power supplied by the one or more photovoltaic modules, the power grid, and the power storage device, and to transmit the converted power to the one or more loads. The power conversion device includes: An AC-DC switch-mode power supply (SMPS) configured to receive AC power from the power grid and output DC power; and The DC-DC SMPS is configured to receive DC power supplied from the one or more photovoltaic modules, DC power applied from the power storage device, and DC power output from the AC-DC SMPS, and to supply DC power to the one or more loads.

7. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6, wherein, The DC currents output to the one or more loads are different from each other.

8. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6, further comprising: A rectifier configured to rectify alternating current supplied from the power grid and output the rectified alternating current to the AC-DC SMPS.

9. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6, further comprising: Link capacitors are configured to detect DC power supplied from the one or more photovoltaic modules, DC power applied from the power storage device, and DC power output from the AC-DC SMPS.

10. The photovoltaic power generation system according to claim 6, wherein, Determine whether to supply power through each of the power grid, the one or more photovoltaic modules, and the power storage device.

11. An energy storage device, comprising: Multiple battery cells; as well as A power conversion module, wherein the power conversion module includes: An AC-DC switch-mode power supply (SMPS) configured to receive AC power from an AC power source and output DC power; and A DC-DC SMPS configured to receive DC power supplied from each of one or more DC power sources and DC power output from the AC-DC SMPS, and to supply DC power to one or more loads.

12. The energy storage device according to claim 11, wherein, The DC currents output to the one or more loads are different from each other.

13. The energy storage device according to claim 11, further comprising: A rectifier configured to rectify the alternating current supplied from the AC power source and output the rectified alternating current to the AC-DC SMPS.

14. The energy storage device according to claim 11, further comprising: Link capacitor, the link capacitor being configured to detect DC current supplied from each of the one or more DC power sources and DC current output from the AC-DCSMPS.

15. The energy storage device according to claim 11, wherein, Determine whether to supply power through the AC power supply and each of the one or more DC power supplies.

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