A universal building automation assembly type network communication system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a general-purpose prefabricated network communication system and method for building automation, belonging to the field of IoT intelligent control technology. It addresses the problems of poor compatibility, insufficient assembly flexibility, high cost, high power consumption, and low reliability in existing technologies. The system includes a core control module, a prefabricated communication node module, a protocol conversion module, a data verification and fault tolerance module, a power management module, and a host computer interaction module. Each module adopts a modular design, allowing for flexible assembly and combination according to building requirements. Each module has clearly defined functions and standardized interfaces. The protocol conversion module integrates three-level protocol modules (DT0, DT1, and DT2), ensuring compatibility with mainstream building communication protocols such as BACnet, Modbus, and KNX. It features adaptive protocol recognition and upgrade expansion functions, adapting to the communication needs of new building automation equipment. The system can be widely applied to various building scenarios such as residential buildings, commercial complexes, and industrial plants, significantly improving its versatility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] A general-purpose prefabricated network communication system and method for building automation is disclosed. This invention belongs to the field of Internet of Things intelligent control technology, specifically relating to the technical field of general-purpose prefabricated network communication systems and methods for building automation. Background Technology

[0002] Modern buildings are transforming from single-function carriers to intelligent ecosystems. Building automation systems (BAS), as the core hub of building intelligence, need to integrate multiple subsystems such as HVAC, lighting, security, and energy management to build a neural network for interconnected devices. However, there are currently many technical pain points in the field of building automation network communication, which seriously restrict the large-scale development and efficient application of building intelligence.

[0003] In existing technologies, building automation employs a wide variety of communication protocols, such as BACnet, Modbus, and KNX. These protocols lack unified standardization, leading to poor compatibility between devices from different manufacturers and hindering seamless interconnection across subsystems and brands, resulting in "information silos." Meanwhile, traditional communication technologies have significant shortcomings: technologies like CAN bus, RS485, and ZigBee, while low-cost, suffer from poor programmability, limited network device functionality, and inefficiency in customization; technologies like PLCs, while offering some programmability, are costly, consume high power, have low integration, and are difficult to wire, leading to high costs for large-scale applications and making them unsuitable for the needs of buildings of different sizes and types.

[0004] Furthermore, existing building automation network communication systems are mostly fixed designs with poor installation flexibility. When building functions are upgraded, equipment is expanded, or modifications are made, it is necessary to re-lay lines and debug the system, which not only has a long construction period and high costs, but also affects the normal operation of the building. At the same time, the data transmission stability of traditional systems is insufficient. In complex electromagnetic environments, problems such as signal interruption and data loss are prone to occur, and there is a lack of effective data verification and fault tolerance mechanisms. It is difficult to meet the real-time and reliable communication requirements of building automation systems, and cannot provide stable data support for functions such as predictive maintenance and energy efficiency optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a general-purpose prefabricated network communication system and method for building automation, thereby solving the problems of poor compatibility, insufficient assembly flexibility, high cost, high power consumption and low reliability in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A general-purpose prefabricated network communication system for building automation

[0008] The system includes a core control module, a prefabricated communication node module, a protocol conversion module, a data verification and fault tolerance module, a power management module, and a host computer interaction module. Each module adopts a modular design, which can be flexibly assembled and combined according to building requirements. Each module has a clearly defined function and standardized interfaces. The specific structure is as follows:

[0009] Core Control Module: As the core hub of the system, it employs an embedded microprocessor to receive control commands from the host computer interaction module, coordinate the collaborative work of various modules, process building equipment data uploaded by the prefabricated communication node module, and achieve centralized data management and command issuance. The core control module has a built-in storage unit for storing device parameters, communication protocol configuration information, data logs, and logical control rules, supporting local data caching and cloud synchronization to ensure no data loss. The core control module uses low-power chip selection, balancing computing performance and energy consumption control, and can dynamically adjust the computing frequency according to the system load.

[0010] Prefabricated communication node modules: Adopting a standardized interface design, these modules include wired and wireless communication nodes. They can be flexibly selected and assembled according to the installation location and communication requirements of building equipment, enabling the connection of various automated devices (such as sensors, actuators, and controllers) within the building to the core control module. Wired communication nodes support wired communication methods such as RS-485 and Ethernet, while wireless communication nodes support wireless communication methods such as 5G, Wi-Fi, and ZigBee. The node modules are hot-swappable, facilitating future equipment expansion, maintenance, and replacement without interrupting the entire system operation. Each node module has a built-in identification unit and a status detection unit. The identification unit stores a unique device ID, while the status detection unit monitors its own communication and power supply status in real time and uploads this information to the core control module.

[0011] Protocol Conversion Module: Integrates three-level protocol modules (DT0, DT1, and DT2), and is compatible with mainstream building communication protocols such as BACnet, Modbus, and KNX, achieving seamless conversion and unified adaptation between different protocols. Specifically, the DT0 protocol module abstracts the physical layer of I / O port devices in the control system from a programming perspective, simplifying device access; the DT1 protocol module unifies the communication technology interfaces between various nodes in the control system, resolving interface differences between different communication methods; and the DT2 protocol module enables information exchange between various nodes in the control system, ensuring smooth data transmission. The protocol conversion module features adaptive protocol recognition, automatically identifying the communication protocol type of the connected device and completing the conversion without manual configuration. It also supports protocol upgrades and expansions, allowing protocol configuration updates via a host computer interaction module without hardware replacement.

[0012] Data verification and fault tolerance module: This module performs real-time verification of data during transmission. It uses a CRC checksum algorithm (preferably CRC-32) to verify data integrity, preventing data loss or tampering during transmission. When an anomaly is detected, a fault tolerance mechanism is automatically activated, retransmitting the data (up to 3 times). If retransmission fails, an alarm signal is triggered and fed back to the host computer interaction module. Simultaneously, a backup communication link is activated to ensure communication continuity and reliability. In addition, this module can identify and filter abnormal data from the device, ensuring the accuracy of data received by the core control module. Optional AES encryption algorithm can be used to encrypt data, improving data transmission security.

[0013] Power Management Module: Adopting a modular power supply design, it supports both AC power supply (220V) and DC power supply (24V) modes, which can be flexibly selected according to the assembly scenario; it has a built-in low-power control unit, which can automatically adjust the power supply according to the system operating status and equipment load, reducing the overall power consumption of the system; it also has overvoltage, overcurrent and short circuit protection functions to prevent power failure from damaging the system and ensure stable system operation; the power management module has a reserved backup power interface, which can be connected to an external backup power supply to avoid system shutdown due to sudden power outages.

[0014] The host computer interaction module includes a visual operation interface and a data monitoring platform, used to realize functions such as system parameter configuration, equipment status monitoring, data query, and command issuance. Operators can view the operating status of each communication node and building equipment in real time through the interface, set communication parameters and alarm thresholds, etc., and support data statistics and report generation to provide data support for building operation management and energy efficiency optimization. In addition, the host computer interaction module supports remote access, which facilitates remote monitoring and debugging of the system by management personnel, supports multi-user permission management, and ensures the security of system operation.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the core control module and the prefabricated communication node module are connected by a star topology. Each prefabricated communication node module communicates independently with the core control module, avoiding the impact of a single node failure on the operation of the entire system. At the same time, it supports flexible expansion of the topology, and the number of prefabricated communication node modules can be increased according to the expansion of the building scale without the need for large-scale modification of the original system.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the core control module performs identity authentication and management on each prefabricated communication node module through the device ID to prevent unauthorized devices from accessing the system and ensure system security; the identity authentication adopts an encrypted verification method to avoid the device ID being forged or tampered with.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the standardized interface of the prefabricated communication node module adopts a general industrial interface, which is compatible with the interface specifications of mainstream building automation equipment on the market, reduces the difficulty of equipment access, and improves the versatility of the system.

[0018] A general-purpose prefabricated network communication method for building automation

[0019] This method is based on the aforementioned general-purpose prefabricated network communication system for building automation. It features clear steps, strong operability, and enables rapid system assembly, stable operation, and convenient maintenance. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0020] System Assembly: Based on the building's scale, equipment distribution, and communication requirements, select an appropriate number of prefabricated communication node modules (wired or wireless communication nodes), connect them to the core control module through standardized interfaces, and complete the assembly of protocol conversion modules, data verification and fault tolerance modules, and power management modules; connect each building automation device (sensors, actuators, etc.) to the corresponding prefabricated communication node modules to achieve rapid device access; during the assembly process, ensure that the interfaces of each module are firmly connected and the communication links are unobstructed.

[0021] System initialization: The system is started through the host computer interaction module. The core control module automatically completes the self-test of each module, checking the operating status of each module and the connectivity of the communication link. If a module fault or link abnormality is detected, an alarm signal is immediately triggered and fed back to the host computer. The protocol conversion module performs protocol initialization, completes the configuration of the three-level protocols DT0, DT1, and DT2, and simultaneously starts the protocol adaptive recognition function. The power management module automatically adjusts the power supply mode and power supply according to the system load, and enters a low-power operation state.

[0022] Device authentication and networking: Each prefabricated communication node module uploads its own device ID to the core control module. The core control module encrypts and authenticates the device ID. After successful authentication, the node module is included in the system network. The core control module assigns a unique communication address to each node module, establishes a star communication topology, and completes the system network. Node modules that fail authentication will be denied access, and abnormal information will be sent back to the host computer.

[0023] Data Acquisition and Transmission: The prefabricated communication node module collects real-time operational data (such as temperature and humidity, equipment operating status, energy consumption data, etc.) from the connected building equipment and transmits the data to the protocol conversion module via wired or wireless communication. A time-sharing transmission mechanism is adopted to avoid communication congestion caused by multiple nodes transmitting data simultaneously. For high-priority data (such as equipment fault alarm data), a priority transmission mechanism is adopted to ensure that critical data is uploaded quickly. The protocol conversion module identifies and converts the collected data according to the protocol, and converts data from different protocols into the system's universal DT2 protocol data, which is then transmitted to the data verification and fault tolerance module.

[0024] Data Verification and Processing: The data verification and fault tolerance module uses the CRC check algorithm to verify the integrity of the transmitted data. If AES encryption is selected, the data is also encrypted. If the data is normal, it is transmitted to the core control module (the encrypted data must be transmitted with the decryption key simultaneously). If the data is abnormal, a retransmission mechanism is initiated, instructing the modular communication node module to retransmit the data. If the retransmission fails after 3 attempts, an alarm signal is triggered, which is fed back to the host computer interaction module, and the backup communication link is activated. After receiving the data, the core control module decrypts (if any), analyzes and processes the data, stores it in the built-in storage unit, and simultaneously synchronizes it to the cloud for subsequent querying and analysis.

[0025] Command Issuance and Execution: Operators issue control commands (such as equipment start / stop, parameter adjustment, etc.) through the host computer interaction module. After receiving the command, the core control module issues the command to the target building equipment through the corresponding prefabricated communication node module according to the command content. The protocol conversion module converts the control command into a communication protocol supported by the target equipment to ensure that the command can be recognized and executed by the equipment. After the equipment executes the command, it feeds back the execution result to the core control module through the prefabricated communication node module. The core control module synchronizes the execution result to the host computer interaction module for the operator to view. If the command execution fails, the core control module will trigger an alarm to prompt the operator to troubleshoot the problem.

[0026] System Maintenance and Expansion: When new building equipment is needed, the new equipment is connected to a new prefabricated communication node module. The node module automatically uploads the device ID to the core control module. After identity authentication, it can be connected to the system, enabling rapid expansion of equipment capacity. When equipment malfunctions or needs to be replaced, the corresponding prefabricated communication node module can be hot-swapped directly without interrupting the operation of the entire system. The system's operating status can be viewed in real time through the host computer interaction module, and abnormal nodes and abnormal data can be investigated and processed. At the same time, protocol configuration can be updated and system parameters can be adjusted, enabling flexible system upgrades.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 3, the identity authentication process includes: after the core control module receives the device ID uploaded by the node module, it generates a random verification code and sends it to the node module. The node module processes the verification code according to a preset algorithm and then feeds it back to the core control module. The core control module compares the processing result with the preset result. If they match, the authentication is successful; otherwise, the authentication fails.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in step 5, the core control module analyzes and processes the data, including: real-time monitoring of equipment operation data; when the data exceeds a preset threshold, an early warning signal is automatically triggered; and at the same time, corresponding control commands are issued according to preset logic control rules to realize automated collaborative control of building equipment.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. High versatility and good compatibility: The protocol conversion module integrates three-level protocol modules (DT0, DT1, and DT2), and is compatible with mainstream building communication protocols such as BACnet, Modbus, and KNX. This solves the "information silo" problem of inconsistent protocols and the inability of different brands of equipment to interconnect seamlessly in existing technologies. The adaptive protocol recognition and upgrade expansion function adapts to the communication needs of new building automation equipment and can be widely used in various building scenarios such as residential buildings, commercial complexes, and industrial plants, significantly improving versatility.

[0031] 2. Prefabricated design with high flexibility: Each module adopts a modular design with standardized interfaces. The prefabricated communication node modules are hot-swappable, allowing for flexible assembly, expansion, and maintenance based on building size and equipment distribution. There is no need to re-lay lines or debug the system, shortening the construction cycle by more than 30% and reducing renovation and maintenance costs by more than 25%. The star topology supports flexible expansion to adapt to the needs of buildings of different sizes, solving the shortcomings of fixed design and insufficient flexibility of existing systems. Compared with traditional fixed systems, assembly efficiency and maintenance convenience are greatly improved.

[0032] 3. Low cost and low power consumption: Compared with traditional communication technologies such as PLC, this system adopts low-cost modular components, which simplifies the system structure and reduces hardware costs by more than 40%; the power management module has low power consumption control function, and combined with the design of low power communication nodes and core control modules, the overall power consumption of the system is reduced by more than 35%, improving the economic efficiency of system operation, solving the problems of high cost and high power consumption of existing technologies, and better meeting the needs of large-scale intelligent building applications.

[0033] 4. Stable and highly reliable communication: The data verification and fault tolerance module adopts CRC check algorithm, retransmission mechanism and backup communication link design to effectively avoid data loss and tampering, and the data transmission success rate reaches over 99.9%; the node identity authentication function prevents unauthorized device access and ensures system security; the adaptation to multiple communication methods such as 5G and Ethernet improves communication stability in complex electromagnetic environments, meets the real-time and reliability requirements of building automation systems, and solves the problems of unstable and easily interrupted communication in traditional systems.

[0034] 5. Convenient operation and easy management: The host computer interaction module provides a visual operation interface, supporting functions such as real-time monitoring of device status, data query, command issuance, and remote access. Operators can quickly grasp the system's operating status and easily complete system configuration and maintenance. The data statistics and report generation functions provide data support for building operation management and energy efficiency optimization, improve the level of intelligent building management, and promote the transformation of building operation from "passive response" to "proactive perception". Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the general-purpose prefabricated network communication system for building automation of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the assembled communication node module of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the general-purpose prefabricated network communication method for building automation according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protocol conversion process of the protocol conversion module of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the data verification and fault tolerance module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1: General-purpose prefabricated network communication system for building automation

[0042] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a general-purpose prefabricated network communication system for building automation, including a core control module, a prefabricated communication node module, a protocol conversion module, a data verification and fault tolerance module, a power management module, and a host computer interaction module. Each module adopts a standardized interface design, which can be flexibly assembled and combined to adapt to the building automation needs of a commercial complex.

[0043] The core control module uses an STM32F407 embedded microprocessor with a built-in 16GB storage unit. Its operating frequency can be dynamically adjusted according to the load (168MHz~42MHz). It is used to receive control commands from the host computer interaction module, coordinate the collaborative work of various modules, process building equipment data uploaded by the prefabricated communication node module, and realize centralized data management and command issuance. The core control module supports local caching and cloud synchronization to ensure that data is not lost. It also has logic control functions and can automatically issue control commands according to preset rules.

[0044] The prefabricated communication node module includes 10 wired communication nodes and 8 wireless communication nodes. The wired communication nodes use RS-485 interfaces and support Ethernet communication (100Mbps). The wireless communication nodes support three wireless communication methods: 5G, Wi-Fi, and ZigBee, which can be flexibly selected according to the installation location of the building equipment and communication requirements. The node module adopts a hot-swappable design and has a built-in identification unit (storing a unique device ID, using 64-bit encryption encoding) and a status detection unit, which can detect its own operating status in real time and upload it to the core control module. The core control module performs encrypted authentication of the node module through the device ID to prevent unauthorized device access.

[0045] The protocol conversion module integrates the DT0, DT1, and DT2 protocol modules, and is compatible with mainstream building communication protocols such as BACnet, Modbus, and KNX. The DT0 protocol module abstracts the physical layer of I / O port devices, simplifying device access. The DT1 protocol module unifies the communication interfaces of each node. The DT2 protocol module enables information exchange between each node. The protocol conversion module has an adaptive protocol recognition function, which can automatically identify the communication protocol of the access device and complete the conversion. It supports protocol upgrades and expansions, and protocol configuration updates can be completed through a host computer.

[0046] The data verification and fault tolerance module uses the CRC-32 verification algorithm to verify the integrity of transmitted data, and uses the AES-128 encryption algorithm to encrypt the data. When an abnormal data is detected, a retransmission mechanism is initiated (up to 3 retransmissions). If the retransmission fails, an alarm signal is triggered and a backup Wi-Fi communication link is activated. This module can also identify and filter abnormal data from the device to ensure data accuracy, with a data transmission success rate of over 99.95%.

[0047] The power management module supports 220V AC power supply and 24V DC power supply. It has a built-in low-power control unit that can automatically adjust the power supply according to the system load, and the power consumption is reduced to less than 10W in idle state. It has overvoltage, overcurrent and short circuit protection functions, and a reserved backup power interface can be connected to an external UPS backup power supply to prevent the system from shutting down due to sudden power outages.

[0048] The host computer interaction module adopts an industrial-grade touch screen (10 inches), with a built-in visual operation interface and data monitoring platform. It supports functions such as system parameter configuration, equipment status monitoring, data query, command issuance, remote access, data statistics and report generation. It supports multi-user permission management (administrator, operator, viewer). Operators can view the operating status of each module and device in real time through the interface, set alarm thresholds, and troubleshoot abnormal problems. Remote access uses encrypted transmission to ensure operational security.

[0049] The core control module and the prefabricated communication node module are connected in a star topology. Each node module communicates independently with the core control module, and the failure of a single node does not affect the operation of the entire system. The system supports flexible expansion and can increase the number of node modules according to the size of the building. Adding new nodes does not require modification of the original system.

[0050] Example 2: General-purpose prefabricated network communication method for building automation

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a general-purpose prefabricated network communication method for building automation, based on the system implementation in Embodiment 1, and applied to the building automation management and control of a commercial complex. Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0052] 1. System Assembly: Based on the floor distribution and number of equipment (including HVAC, lighting, security, etc.) of the commercial complex, 10 wired communication nodes (for fixed installations) and 8 wireless communication nodes (for mobile or inconveniently wired equipment) were selected and connected to the core control module through standardized industrial interfaces. The protocol conversion module, data verification and fault tolerance module, and power management module were assembled with the core control module to ensure that all interfaces were securely connected. Each building device was connected to its corresponding prefabricated communication node module to complete the device access. The entire assembly process took no more than 8 hours, which is 40% more efficient than traditional system assembly.

[0053] 2. System Initialization: The system is started via the host computer interaction module. The core control module automatically completes self-tests of each module, checking the operating status of each module and the connectivity of the communication link. If an abnormality is detected in the link of a wireless communication node, an alarm signal is immediately triggered and fed back to the host computer. After the operator troubleshoots and reconnects the link, the system returns to normal. The protocol conversion module completes the configuration of the three-level protocols DT0, DT1, and DT2 and starts the protocol adaptive recognition function. The power management module automatically selects the 220V AC power supply mode according to the system load, enters the low-power operation state, and the idle power consumption is reduced to 8W.

[0054] 3. Device Authentication and Networking: Each prefabricated communication node module uploads its 64-bit encrypted device ID to the core control module. The core control module generates a random verification code and sends it to the node modules. The node modules process the verification code according to the preset MD5 algorithm and then send it back to the core control module. The core control module compares the processed result with the preset result. If all nodes are successfully authenticated, the core control module assigns a unique communication address to each node module, establishes a star communication topology, and completes the system networking. The networking time does not exceed 5 minutes.

[0055] 4. Data Acquisition and Transmission: The prefabricated communication node module collects real-time operating data from connected devices (such as air conditioning temperature and humidity, lighting power, security camera status, etc.), adopting a time-sharing transmission mechanism to avoid communication congestion caused by multiple nodes transmitting data simultaneously; air conditioning fault alarm data adopts a priority transmission mechanism to ensure that critical data is uploaded quickly; wired communication nodes transmit data to the protocol conversion module via Ethernet, while wireless communication nodes transmit data via 5G communication; the protocol conversion module automatically identifies the communication protocol of each device (air conditioning uses the BACnet protocol, lighting uses the Modbus protocol), and uniformly converts the data into DT2 protocol data before transmitting it to the data verification and fault tolerance module.

[0056] 5. Data Verification and Processing: The data verification and fault tolerance module uses the CRC-32 checksum algorithm to verify data integrity, and simultaneously uses the AES-128 encryption algorithm to encrypt the data. If the data is normal, the encrypted data and decryption key are transmitted to the core control module. If an abnormality is detected in one set of lighting power data, a retransmission mechanism is initiated, instructing the corresponding wireless communication node to retransmit the data. After two retransmissions, the data is normal. The core control module decrypts and analyzes the data, stores it in the built-in storage unit, and simultaneously synchronizes it to the cloud for subsequent querying and analysis.

[0057] 6. Command Issuance and Execution: Operators issue control commands (e.g., adjust the air conditioner temperature on the 3rd floor to 26℃) through the host computer interaction module. After receiving the command, the core control module sends the command to the air conditioner on the 3rd floor through the corresponding wired communication node. The protocol conversion module converts the control command into the BACnet protocol to ensure that the air conditioner recognizes and executes it. After the air conditioner executes the command, it feeds back the execution result (temperature adjusted to 26℃) to the core control module through the node module. The core control module synchronizes the result to the host computer interaction module for operators to view. The time from command issuance to execution completion is less than 1 second, meeting the real-time requirements of building management.

[0058] 7. System Maintenance and Expansion: When 10 new smart lighting devices are added to the commercial complex, the new devices will be connected to two wireless communication nodes. The node modules will automatically upload the device IDs, and after the core control module completes the identity authentication, the new nodes will be connected to the system, realizing device expansion. The expansion process will take no more than 30 minutes. When a wireless communication node fails, the node module can be directly hot-swapped for replacement without interrupting system operation. After replacement, the system will automatically complete node authentication and networking, restoring normal operation. Operators can view the system's operating status in real time through the host computer interaction module, troubleshoot abnormal data and faulty nodes, and update protocol configurations through the host computer to adapt to new devices.

[0059] In this embodiment, the prefabricated communication node module adopts a time-sharing transmission mechanism to avoid communication congestion caused by multiple nodes transmitting data simultaneously; for equipment fault alarm data, a priority transmission mechanism is adopted to ensure that critical data is uploaded quickly; the core control module automatically issues instructions to adjust the air conditioning operating parameters according to preset logic rules when the indoor temperature and humidity exceed 28°C, thereby realizing automatic control of the building environment and improving building comfort and energy efficiency.

[0060] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A general-purpose prefabricated network communication system for building automation, characterized in that, It includes a core control module, a prefabricated communication node module, a protocol conversion module, a data verification and fault tolerance module, a power management module, and a host computer interaction module. Each module adopts a modular design with standardized interfaces, which can be flexibly assembled and combined according to building requirements. The core control module is the core hub of the system. It adopts an embedded microprocessor to receive control commands from the host computer interaction module, coordinate the collaborative work of various modules, and process building equipment data uploaded by the prefabricated communication node module, so as to realize centralized data management and command issuance. The core control module has a built-in storage unit to support local data caching and cloud synchronization. The prefabricated communication node module includes wired and wireless communication nodes, which are hot-swappable and used to connect building automation equipment with the core control module. Wired communication nodes support RS-485 and Ethernet wired communication methods, while wireless communication nodes support 5G, Wi-Fi, and ZigBee wireless communication methods. The node module has a built-in identity recognition unit and a status detection unit, and the identity recognition unit stores a unique device ID. The protocol conversion module integrates three-level protocol modules: DT0, DT1, and DT2, and is compatible with mainstream building communication protocols such as BACnet, Modbus, and KNX, achieving seamless conversion and unified adaptation of different protocols; it also has an adaptive protocol recognition function and supports protocol upgrades and expansions. The data verification and fault tolerance module uses the CRC check algorithm to verify the integrity of transmitted data, has a retransmission mechanism and a backup communication link, and can identify and filter abnormal data from the device. The power management module supports both AC and DC power supply modes, has a built-in low-power control unit, and features overvoltage, overcurrent, and short-circuit protection functions. The host computer interaction module includes a visual operation interface and a data monitoring platform, which supports system parameter configuration, device status monitoring, command issuance, remote access, data statistics and report generation, and multi-user permission management to ensure system operation security.

2. The general-purpose prefabricated network communication system for building automation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The core control module and the prefabricated communication node modules are connected in a star topology. Each prefabricated communication node module communicates independently with the core control module, supporting flexible expansion of the topology. The core control module uses the device ID to perform encrypted authentication of the node modules to prevent unauthorized devices from accessing the network.

3. The general-purpose prefabricated network communication system for building automation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DT0 protocol module is used to abstract the physical layer of the I / O port devices in the control system from a programming perspective, simplifying the difficulty of device access; the DT1 protocol module is used to unify the communication technology interface between nodes; and the DT2 protocol module is used to realize information interaction between nodes, ensuring smooth data transmission.

4. The general-purpose prefabricated network communication system for building automation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retransmission mechanism of the data verification and fault tolerance module supports up to 3 retransmissions. If the retransmission fails, an alarm signal is triggered and fed back to the host computer interaction module, and a backup communication link is activated. The AES encryption algorithm can be optionally configured to encrypt the transmitted data, and the core control module has a corresponding data decryption function.

5. The general-purpose prefabricated network communication system for building automation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module supports 220V AC power supply and 24V DC power supply, and has a reserved backup power interface for connecting an external backup power supply; the low power consumption control unit can automatically adjust the power supply according to the system operating status and equipment load.

6. A general-purpose prefabricated network communication method for building automation, characterized in that, The implementation of the general-purpose prefabricated network communication system for building automation according to any one of claims 1-5 includes the following steps: S1. System Assembly: Based on the building scale, equipment distribution, and communication requirements, select an appropriate number of prefabricated communication node modules (wired or wireless communication nodes), connect them to the core control module through standardized interfaces, and complete the assembly of the protocol conversion module, data verification and fault tolerance module, and power management module; connect each building automation device (sensor, actuator, etc.) to the corresponding prefabricated communication node module to achieve rapid device access. During the assembly process, ensure that the interfaces of each module are firmly connected and the communication link is unobstructed. S2. System Initialization: The system is started through the host computer interaction module. The core control module automatically completes the self-test of each module, detects the operating status of each module and the connectivity of the communication link. If a module fault or link abnormality is detected, an alarm signal is immediately triggered and fed back to the host computer. The protocol conversion module performs protocol initialization, completes the configuration of the three-level protocols DT0, DT1, and DT2, and starts the protocol adaptive recognition function. The power management module automatically adjusts the power supply mode and power supply according to the system load, and enters a low-power operation state. S3. Device Authentication and Networking: Each prefabricated communication node module uploads its own device ID to the core control module. The core control module encrypts and authenticates the device ID. After successful authentication, the node module is included in the system network, a unique communication address is assigned to each node module, a star communication topology is established, and the system network is completed. Node modules that fail authentication will be denied access, and abnormal information will be sent back to the host computer. S4. Data Acquisition and Transmission: The node module collects building equipment operation data and uses a time-sharing and priority transmission mechanism to transmit the data to the protocol conversion module. The protocol conversion module converts the data into DT2 protocol data and then transmits it to the data verification and fault tolerance module. S5. Data Verification and Processing: The data verification and fault tolerance module uses the CRC check algorithm (preferably CRC-32) to verify the integrity of the data. If AES encryption is selected, the data is also encrypted. If the data is normal, it is transmitted to the core control module (the encrypted data must be transmitted with the decryption key simultaneously). If the data is abnormal, a retransmission mechanism is initiated, instructing the modular communication node module to retransmit the data. If the retransmission fails after 3 attempts, an alarm signal is triggered, which is fed back to the host computer interaction module, and the backup communication link is activated. After receiving the data, the core control module decrypts (if any), analyzes and processes the data, stores it in the built-in storage unit, and simultaneously synchronizes it to the cloud for subsequent querying and analysis. S6. Command Issuance and Execution: Operators issue control commands (such as equipment start / stop, parameter adjustment, etc.) through the host computer interaction module. After receiving the command, the core control module issues the command to the target building equipment through the corresponding prefabricated communication node module according to the command content. The protocol conversion module converts the control command into a communication protocol supported by the target equipment to ensure that the command can be recognized and executed by the equipment. After the equipment executes the command, it feeds back the execution result to the core control module through the prefabricated communication node module. The core control module synchronizes the execution result to the host computer interaction module for the operator to view. If the command execution fails, the core control module will trigger an alarm to prompt the operator to troubleshoot the problem. S7. System Maintenance and Expansion: When new building equipment is needed, the new equipment is connected to a new prefabricated communication node module. The node module automatically uploads the device ID to the core control module. After identity authentication, it can be connected to the system, enabling rapid expansion of equipment capacity. When equipment malfunctions or needs to be replaced, the corresponding prefabricated communication node module can be hot-swapped directly without interrupting the operation of the entire system. The system operation status can be viewed in real time through the host computer interaction module, and abnormal nodes and abnormal data can be investigated and processed. At the same time, the protocol configuration can be updated and system parameters can be adjusted to achieve flexible system upgrades.

7. The general-purpose prefabricated network communication method for building automation according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the identity authentication process includes: after the core control module receives the device ID uploaded by the node module, it generates a random verification code and sends it to the node module. The node module processes the verification code according to the preset algorithm and then sends it back to the core control module. The core control module compares the processing result with the preset result. If they match, the authentication is successful; otherwise, the authentication fails.

8. The general-purpose prefabricated network communication method for building automation according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S5, the core control module processes the data in the following ways: real-time monitoring of data, triggering an early warning signal when the data exceeds a preset threshold, and automatically issuing control commands according to preset logic rules to achieve automated collaborative control of building equipment.

9. The general-purpose prefabricated network communication method for building automation according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the priority transmission mechanism is used to prioritize the transmission of high-priority data such as device fault alarms, ensuring that critical data is uploaded quickly; the time-sharing transmission mechanism is used to avoid communication congestion caused by multiple nodes transmitting at the same time.

Images