Fungicidal combinations, methods and uses thereof

Abstract

This disclosure relates to fungicidal combinations and compositions comprising two or more fungicidal compounds for the control or prevention of fungal diseases in crops. In particular, this disclosure provides fungicidal products for the control or prevention of fungal diseases in crops such as *Solanum* species. This disclosure also relates to corresponding methods and their uses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure pertains to the field of agricultural chemicals, particularly the control of agricultural pests and diseases (fungal pathogens) and related products. Specifically, this disclosure relates to fungicidal combinations and compositions comprising two or more fungicidal compounds for the control / prevention of fungal diseases in plants / crops. Background Technology

[0002] The background description includes information that can be used to understand this disclosure.

[0003] Plant diseases caused by various plant pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, viroids, and nematodes lead to decreased plant quality, significantly reduced yields, and even plant death, resulting in substantial economic losses. Of these diseases, 70%-80% are caused by pathogenic fungi. In recent years, fungal diseases in crops have become increasingly serious, severely impacting crop yield and quality, and have become a significant bottleneck for sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, effective control of fungal diseases in crops is necessary to achieve efficient and stable crop production.

[0004] Fungicides are compounds used to prevent, control, or eradicate the spread of fungi on crops or plants, and are an important tool for managing plant diseases. Fungicides are classified by their properties into contact, transmembrane, and systemic types. Contact fungicides provide local protection to plant tissues, transmembrane fungicides redistribute from the upper sprayed leaf surface to the lower unsprayed surface, and systemic fungicides enter plant tissues and are distributed throughout the plant via xylem vessels. Fungicides are also grouped according to their mode of action.

[0005] Among various crops, the potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the world's most widely grown tuber crop and one of the most important food crops. It is an economic crop and a rich source of starch and vitamins. Besides being edible, potatoes are used for several industrial purposes, such as starch and alcohol production. However, many fungal diseases affect potato tubers, such as late blight, early blight, black scurf, Fusarium wilt / dry rot, canker, powdery scab, and anthracnose. These fungal diseases lead to reduced yield, quality, and severe crop losses. Specifically, potato late blight (caused by Phytophthora infestans) is a potentially devastating disease that infects potato leaves and tubers at any stage of crop development and was a cause of the Irish potato famine of the 1840s. When plants are infected, lesions appear on leaves, petioles, and stems. White growths with sporophytic structures may appear at the edges of lesions on the lower surface of leaves, and potato tubers rot up to 15 mm (0.6 inches) deep. Secondary fungi and bacteria frequently invade potato tubers and cause rot, resulting in significant losses during storage, transportation, and sales.

[0006] Diseases in tuber crops can be controlled by timely application of fungicides, although epidemics can occur rapidly once crops are infected. While many fungicide compounds belonging to various chemical classes have been or are being developed for use in crops, many of these fungicides have one or more drawbacks, such as low efficacy, high dosage requirements, crop tolerance, or activity only against specific plant pathogens or plants, and do not always meet the needs of agricultural practice. Furthermore, while the use of fungicide combinations or compositions comprising mixtures of different fungicide compounds has been explored, there remains a need in the art for improved combinations and compositions of different fungicides that possess enhanced activity against specific plant pathogens while simultaneously exhibiting low toxicity, high stability, and reduced cost. This disclosure attempts to address these needs.

[0007] All publications herein are incorporated by reference to the extent that each individual publication or patent application is specifically and individually indicated as incorporated by reference. Where a definition or use of a term in the incorporated references is inconsistent with or contrary to the definition of that term provided herein, the definition provided herein shall apply, and the definition in the incorporated references shall not apply.

[0008] The purpose of this disclosure

[0009] One object of this disclosure is to provide a fungicidal combination / composition comprising two or more fungicides for the control or prevention of fungal diseases in plants / crops.

[0010] Another object of this disclosure is to provide a fungicidal combination / composition containing two or more fungicides for the control or prevention of fungal diseases in Solanaceae plants.

[0011] Another object of this disclosure is to provide a fungicidal combination / composition containing two or more fungicides for the control or prevention of fungal diseases in potatoes.

[0012] Another object of this disclosure is to provide a method for controlling or preventing fungal diseases in crops, such as those in Solanum species, using a fungicide combination / composition containing two or more fungicides.

[0013] Another objective of this disclosure is to provide a method for controlling or preventing late blight in potatoes caused by Phytophthora blight. Summary of the Invention

[0014] This disclosure pertains to the technical field of agricultural combinations and compositions. Specifically, this disclosure relates to fungicidal combinations and compositions comprising two or more fungicidal compounds for the control or prevention of fungal diseases in crops such as Solanum species.

[0015] One aspect of this disclosure provides a fungicide combination comprising at least two fungicides for the control or prevention of fungal diseases in crops such as potatoes.

[0016] In some implementations, the fungicidal combination of this disclosure is effective in controlling or preventing late blight of potatoes caused by Phytophthora infestans.

[0017] In some embodiments, this disclosure provides a fungicidal combination for controlling or preventing fungal diseases, the combination comprising:

[0018] a) at least one mandelic acid fungicide; and

[0019] b) At least one carbamate fungicide.

[0020] In some embodiments, this disclosure provides fungicidal combinations for controlling or preventing fungal diseases in Solanum species, the combinations comprising:

[0021] a) at least one mandelic acid fungicide; and

[0022] b) At least one carbamate fungicide.

[0023] In some embodiments, this disclosure provides a fungicidal combination for controlling or preventing late blight in potatoes caused by Phytophthora infestans, the combination comprising:

[0024] a) at least one mandelic acid fungicide; and

[0025] b) At least one carbamate fungicide.

[0026] In some implementations, the amygdalin fungicide is diacetyl bactericide.

[0027] In some embodiments, the carbamate fungicide is selected from iodocarb, cymoxanil, or their salts, and thiophanate-methyl.

[0028] In some embodiments, this disclosure provides a fungicide combination for controlling or preventing the growth of late blight caused by pathogenic Phytophthora in crops, the fungicide combination comprising:

[0029] a) Diyrylamide; and

[0030] b) Cymoxanil or its salts

[0031] In an exemplary embodiment, the fungicidal combination for controlling or preventing late blight of potatoes caused by Phytophthora infestans comprises:

[0032] a) Diyrylamide; and

[0033] b) Cymoxanil or its salts.

[0034] In one aspect, this disclosure also provides methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in crops, methods for preventing fungal diseases in crops, or methods for improving crop health.

[0035] In another aspect, this disclosure provides the use of the fungicidal combinations or compositions described herein for the control, prevention, or prevention of fungal diseases in crops.

[0036] The various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the subject matter of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of this disclosure. The embodiments are described in such detail to clearly convey this disclosure. However, the amount of detail provided is not intended to limit contemplative variations of the embodiments; rather, it is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives that fall within the substance and scope defined by the appended claims.

[0038] The grouping of alternative elements or embodiments disclosed herein should not be construed as limiting. Each member of a group may be mentioned and claimed individually or in any combination with other members of that group or other elements present herein. For convenience and / or patentability reasons, one or more members of a group may be included in or removed from the group.

[0039] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the following instructions, the word “comprise” and its variations, such as “comprises,” “comprising,” “include,” and “including,” should be interpreted in an open, inclusive sense, meaning “including but not limited to.”

[0040] Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the appearance of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in some embodiments" in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0041] As used in this description and throughout many of the following embodiments or claims, the terms "a," "an," and "the" have the meaning of plural references unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Additionally, as used in this description, "in" has the meaning of both "in" and "on," unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0042] In some embodiments, the quantities of components, properties (such as concentrations, ratios, etc.) used to describe and claim certain embodiments of this disclosure should, in some cases, be understood to be modified by the term "about". Therefore, in some embodiments, numerical parameters presented in the written description are approximate values ​​that may vary depending on the desired properties sought to be obtained in a particular embodiment. In some embodiments, numerical parameters should be interpreted based on the number of significant figures reported and by applying common rounding techniques. Although the numerical ranges and parameters illustrating a broad range of embodiments of this disclosure are approximate, the values ​​presented in the specific examples are reported as precisely as possible.

[0043] The list of value ranges in this document is intended only as a shorthand way to refer to each individual value falling within that range. Unless otherwise stated herein, each individual value is incorporated into this specification as if it were listed separately herein.

[0044] The titles and abstracts provided herein are for convenience only and do not explain the scope or meaning of the embodiments.

[0045] Unless otherwise stated herein or clearly contradicted by the context, all methods described herein may be performed in any suitable order. Any and all use of examples or exemplary language (e.g., “such as”) provided with respect to certain embodiments herein is merely intended to better illustrate this disclosure and, unless otherwise required, does not constitute a limitation on the scope of this disclosure.

[0046] The following discussion provides many exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of this invention. While each embodiment represents a single combination of elements of the invention, the subject matter of the invention is considered to include all possible combinations of the disclosed elements. Thus, if one embodiment includes elements A, B, and C, and a second embodiment includes elements B and D, the subject matter of the invention is also considered to include other remaining combinations of A, B, C, or D, even if not explicitly disclosed.

[0047] The various terms used herein are described below. If a term used in the claims is not defined below, the broadest definition given to that term by a person skilled in the art at the time of application in printed publications and granted patents shall be given.

[0048] As used herein, the term “about” covers a change of + / -10%, more preferably + / -5%, or any such change that is suitable for implementing this disclosure to achieve the desired effect.

[0049] As used herein, the term "location" means the field where the plant grows, or the field where seeds of a cultivated plant are sown, or the field where the seeds will be placed in the soil. The term also includes the vicinity of the desired crop for which fungal control is desired.

[0050] The term "crop" should include a large number of desired plants or individual plants growing in a particular location. As used herein, throughout this disclosure, the terms "plant" and "crop" are used interchangeably. The term refers to all physical parts of a plant, including leaves, seeds, seedlings, saplings, roots, tubers, stems, twigs, and fruits.

[0051] The terms "control," "controlling," "preventing," or "preventing" of fungal pathogens refer to inhibiting or reducing the growth of fungal pathogens, reducing their ability to grow, reproduce, multiply, or spread, including killing (e.g., causing disease or death, or reducing reproductive capacity) fungal pathogens. Control effects include all deviations from natural development, such as killing, delaying, reducing, or treating diseases.

[0052] As used in this article, the terms “fungi”, “fungus”, “phytopathogenic fungi”, and “phytopathogenic fungus” refer to fungi or fungi-like pathogens that have the ability to cause infection or disease in plants.

[0053] As used herein, the term "fungicide" refers to a compound that controls, alters, inhibits, or prevents the growth of fungi. The term "effective fungicide amount" refers to the amount of such compound or combination of such compounds that can produce an effect on fungal growth.

[0054] The term "cymoxanil or its salts" includes cymoxanil hydrochloride.

[0055] As mentioned above, several different chemical classes of fungicides / fungicides are available, each with varying degrees of systemic conductivity, specificity, duration of activity, and risk of resistance. Early fungicides were typically multi-site agents and included dithiocarbamates (e.g., mancozeb), phthalimides (captan), and chlorpyrifos (chlorothalonil). Recently, compounds with potent single-site oomycete activity and specific activity spectra have been developed. Carboxylic amides (CAA) are a class of single-site molecules that have shown efficacy against oomycetes. Several molecules, such as dimethomorph (MPD), isoprothiolane (IPRO), bensulfuron-methyl, dimethomorph (DMM), flumorph, and valachlor, are classified as CAA compounds.

[0056] Diyrylamide (MPD) is a carboxylic amide (CAA) compound belonging to the amygdalin class, and it targets cellulose synthase-like PiCesA3 to inhibit cell wall biosynthesis in oomycete pathogens. Diyrylamide is chemically known as 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-[2-(3-methoxy-4-prop-2-alkynoxyphenyl)ethyl]-2-prop-2-alkynoxyacetamide, and is represented as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Propamoate hydrochloride exhibits selective activity against oomycetes. The fungicide is mobile in the xylem and can be used as an irrigation, soil incorporation, impregnation, or foliar spray. This action is related to membrane function, leading to the efflux of cellular compounds. Mycelial leakage can be inhibited by the addition of sterols. Unusual fatty acid production in oomycete mycelial cells has been reported. Propamoate hydrochloride is chemically known as propyl[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]carbamate hydrochloride, and its representation is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] The inventors have surprisingly discovered that combinations of mandelic acid-based compounds and carbamate-based compounds, when used as fungicides for the prevention and control of potato diseases, result in a synergistic enhancement of fungicidal efficacy and a surprising reduction in the incidence of fungal diseases. For example, combinations of mandelic acid-based compounds (such as dimethomorph) and carbamate compounds (such as cymoxanil or its salts) for the control or prevention of potato diseases result in a synergistic enhancement of fungicidal efficacy and a surprising reduction in the incidence of fungal diseases. As will be demonstrated in the examples below, the enhanced effects of the fungicidal combinations and compositions of this disclosure in the prevention of potato diseases are far superior to those of individual fungicides or similar combinations in the prior art. Therefore, these unexpected advantages of the fungicidal products of this disclosure in the prevention of potato diseases are attributed to the synergistic effect between the two active compounds or classes of compounds.

[0061] This disclosure provides a fungicidal combination comprising at least two fungicides for controlling plant pathogenic fungi in crops.

[0062] In some embodiments, this disclosure provides fungicides for controlling or preventing fungal diseases in crops caused by plant pathogenic fungi, preferably targeting species of the order Peronosporales, and more preferably targeting species of the genus Phytophthora. Therefore, the fungicidal combination disclosed herein can be used to control fungal diseases caused by one or more species of the genus Phytophthora: Phytophthora pathogenica, Phytophthora sojae, Phytophthora cactorum, Phytophthora capsici, Phytophthora cinnamomi, Phytophthora citricola, Phytophthora fragariae, Phytophthora kernoviae, Phytophthora megakarya, Phytophthora multivora, Phytophthora nicotianae, Phytophthora palmivora, Phytophthora ramorum, and Phytophthora quercina.

[0063] In some embodiments, the fungicidal combinations of this disclosure effectively control or prevent fungal diseases in members of the Solanaceae family, such as species of the genus *Solanum*. More particularly, the fungicidal combinations of this disclosure effectively control or prevent fungal diseases in potato species selected from *Potato*, *Solanum stenotomum*, *Solanum phureja*, *Solanum goniocalyx*, *Solanum ajanhuiri*, *Solanum chaucha*, *Solanum juzepczukii*, *Solanum curtilobum*, and combinations thereof.

[0064] In some embodiments, the fungicidal combination of this disclosure is effective in controlling or preventing fungal diseases in tomato species selected from tomato, currant tomato, Peruvian tomato, Chisman tomato, Galapagos tomato, Chilean tomato, and combinations thereof.

[0065] In some embodiments, the fungicidal combination disclosed herein effectively controls or prevents fungal diseases in potatoes, said fungal diseases being selected from early blight (Alternaria solani), late blight (Phytophthora erythroseptica), pink rot (Phytophthora erythroseptica), and powdery scab (Spongospora subterranean f. sp. subterranea).

[0066] In some embodiments, the fungicidal combination disclosed herein is effective in controlling or preventing fungal diseases in Solanum species caused by Phytophthora species.

[0067] In one exemplary embodiment, the fungicidal combination of this disclosure is effective in controlling or preventing late blight of potatoes caused by Phytophthora infestans.

[0068] In some embodiments, at least one of the fungicides in the fungicide combination is a mandelic acid fungicide.

[0069] In some embodiments, at least one of the fungicides in the fungicide combination is a carbamate fungicide.

[0070] In some embodiments, this disclosure provides a fungicidal combination for controlling or preventing fungal diseases, the combination comprising:

[0071] a) at least one mandelic acid fungicide; and

[0072] b) At least one carbamate fungicide.

[0073] In some embodiments, this disclosure provides fungicidal combinations for controlling or preventing fungal diseases in Solanum species, the combinations comprising:

[0074] a) at least one mandelic acid fungicide; and

[0075] b) At least one carbamate fungicide.

[0076] In some embodiments, this disclosure provides a fungicidal combination for controlling or preventing late blight in potatoes caused by Phytophthora infestans, the combination comprising:

[0077] a) at least one mandelic acid fungicide; and

[0078] b) At least one carbamate fungicide.

[0079] In some implementations, the amygdalin fungicide is diacetyl bactericide.

[0080] In some embodiments, the carbamate fungicide is selected from iodocarb, cymoxanil or their salts, or thiophanate-methyl.

[0081] A fungicide combination for controlling or preventing the growth of late blight caused by pathogenic Phytophthora in crops, the fungicide combination comprising:

[0082] a) Diyrylamide; and

[0083] b) Cymoxanil or its salts.

[0084] In some implementations, the carbamate fungicide is propamocarb or its salt.

[0085] In some implementations, the carbamate fungicide is cymoxanil hydrochloride.

[0086] In some implementations, the fungicidal combination for controlling or preventing fungal diseases in potatoes includes:

[0087] a) Diyrylamide; and

[0088] b) Cymoxanil or its salts.

[0089] In some implementations, the fungicidal combination for controlling or preventing fungal diseases in potatoes includes:

[0090] a) Diyrylamide; and

[0091] b) cymoxanil hydrochloride.

[0092] In an exemplary embodiment, the fungicidal combination for controlling or preventing late blight of potatoes caused by Phytophthora infestans comprises:

[0093] a) Diyrylamide; and

[0094] b) Cymoxanil or its salts.

[0095] In some embodiments, the fungicidal combination disclosed herein for controlling or preventing fungal diseases in crops may further comprise an additional fungicide selected from: morpholine fungicides, triazole fungicides, acyl amino acid fungicides, aniline fungicides, antibiotic fungicides, phytohexaenoic acid fungicides, aromatic fungicides, arsenic fungicides, arylphenyl ketone fungicides, benzimidazole fungicides, benzimidazole precursor fungicides, benzothiazole fungicides, bridging diphenyl fungicides, carbamate fungicides, conazole fungicides, copper fungicides, dicarboxyimide fungicides, dinitrophenol fungicides, and so on. Thiocarbamate fungicides, dithiopentane fungicides, hydrazide fungicides, imidazole fungicides, inorganic fungicides, organophosphate fungicides, organotin fungicides, oxadiene fungicides, pyrimidine fungicides, pyrrole fungicides, quinoline fungicides, quinone fungicides, quinoxaline fungicides, thiadiazole fungicides, thiazolidine fungicides, thiocarbamate fungicides, thiophene fungicides, triazine fungicides, triazolopyrimidine fungicides, urea fungicides, zinc fungicides, unclassified fungicides, and mixtures thereof.

[0096] In some embodiments, the present disclosure comprises: a) at least one mandelic acid fungicide; and b) a fungicidal combination of at least one carbamate fungicide in a ratio of 1:10 to 10:1.

[0097] In some embodiments, the present disclosure comprises a fungicidal combination of a) dimethoprim and b) cymoxanil or a salt thereof in a ratio of 1:10 to 10:1.

[0098] In some embodiments, the present disclosure comprises a fungicidal combination of: a) dimethomorph and b) cymoxanil or its salts in a ratio of 1:10 to 10:1, 1:8 to 8:1, 1:6 to 6:1, 1:4 to 4:1, 1:2 to 2:1 or 1:1.

[0099] In an exemplary embodiment, the present disclosure comprises a fungicidal combination of a) dimethoprim and b) cymoxanil or a salt thereof in a ratio of 1:8.

[0100] According to some embodiments, the fungicides disclosed above can be mixed at the time of application or at the application point. The application point refers to the location where the fungicide is applied. This location can be near the infected plant or the plant from which it grows, or near the seeds or any other plant propagation material, or in the vicinity of the infected plant or the seeds or any other plant propagation material, and / or on the leaves.

[0101] This disclosure also provides a fungicidal composition comprising at least two fungicides for the control or prevention of fungal diseases in plants.

[0102] While subsequent embodiments focus on fungicide compositions, the characteristics and properties of the fungicide, fungal pathogens and diseases, plants / crops, and modes of action are as described in any of the embodiments above. For the sake of brevity and to avoid repetition, each of these embodiments will not be repeated herein. However, each of the embodiments described falls fully within the scope of the fungicide compositions described herein.

[0103] In some embodiments, the fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing fungal diseases comprises:

[0104] a) At least one mandelic acid fungicide;

[0105] b) at least one carbamate fungicide; and

[0106] c) Excipients that are at least agriculturally acceptable

[0107] In some embodiments, the fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing fungal diseases comprises:

[0108] a) Diyrylamide;

[0109] b) cymoxanil or its salts; and

[0110] c) Excipients that are at least agriculturally acceptable

[0111] In some embodiments, the fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing fungal diseases in Solanaceae species comprises:

[0112] a) At least one mandelic acid fungicide;

[0113] b) at least one carbamate fungicide; and

[0114] c) Excipients that are at least agriculturally acceptable.

[0115] In some embodiments, the fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing fungal diseases of potatoes comprises:

[0116] a) At least one mandelic acid fungicide;

[0117] b) at least one carbamate fungicide; and

[0118] c) Excipients that are at least agriculturally acceptable.

[0119] In some embodiments, the fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing late blight of potatoes caused by Phytophthora blight comprises:

[0120] a) At least one mandelic acid fungicide;

[0121] b) at least one carbamate fungicide; and

[0122] c) Excipients that are at least agriculturally acceptable.

[0123] In some embodiments, the fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing fungal diseases of potatoes comprises:

[0124] a) At least one mandelic acid fungicide, preferably diacetyl bactericide;

[0125] b) At least one carbamate fungicide selected from iodine carbendazim, cymoxanil or their salts, or thiophanate-methyl; and

[0126] c) Excipients that are at least agriculturally acceptable.

[0127] In some embodiments, the fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing late blight of potatoes caused by Phytophthora blight comprises:

[0128] a) Diyrylamide;

[0129] b) Cymoxanil or its salts or; and

[0130] c) Excipients that are at least agriculturally acceptable.

[0131] In some embodiments, the fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing fungal diseases of potatoes comprises:

[0132] a) At least one mandelic acid fungicide, preferably diacetyl bactericide;

[0133] b) At least one carbamate fungicide selected from iodocarb, cymoxanil or their salts, or thiophanate-methyl;

[0134] c) At least one dispersant;

[0135] d) At least one defoamer, optional;

[0136] e) At least one optional antifreeze agent;

[0137] f) optionally at least one thickener; and

[0138] g) Optionally, at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient.

[0139] In some embodiments, the fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing fungal diseases of potatoes comprises:

[0140] a) At least one mandelic acid fungicide, preferably diacetyl bactericide;

[0141] b) At least one carbamate fungicide selected from iodocarb, cymoxanil or their salts, or thiophanate-methyl;

[0142] c) At least one dispersant;

[0143] d) At least one defoamer;

[0144] e) At least one antifreeze agent;

[0145] f) at least one thickener; and

[0146] g) Optionally, at least one agriculturally acceptable excipient.

[0147] In one embodiment, the concentration of the mandelic acid fungicide is in the range of about 1% w / w to about 50% w / w.

[0148] In one embodiment, the concentration of the mandelic acid fungicide is in the range of about 1% w / w to about 40% w / w.

[0149] In one embodiment, the concentration of the mandelic acid fungicide is in the range of about 1% w / w to about 30% w / w.

[0150] In one embodiment, the concentration of the mandelic acid fungicide is in the range of about 1% w / w to about 20% w / w.

[0151] In one embodiment, the concentration of the mandelic acid fungicide is in the range of about 1% w / w to about 10% w / w.

[0152] In one embodiment, the concentration of the mandelic acid fungicide is 7.06% w / w.

[0153] In one embodiment, the concentration of the carbamate fungicide is in the range of about 20% w / w to about 80% w / w.

[0154] In one embodiment, the concentration of the carbamate fungicide is in the range of about 30% w / w to about 60% w / w.

[0155] In one embodiment, the concentration of the carbamate fungicide is in the range of about 40% w / w to about 50% w / w.

[0156] In one embodiment, the concentration of the carbamate fungicide is 69.11% w / w.

[0157] In one implementation, the concentration of agriculturally acceptable excipients is in the range of 0.01% w / w to 99% w / w.

[0158] In one implementation, the concentration of agriculturally acceptable excipients is in the range of 1% w / w to 90% w / w.

[0159] In one implementation, the concentration of agriculturally acceptable excipients is in the range of 10% w / w to 80% w / w.

[0160] In one implementation, the concentration of agriculturally acceptable excipients is in the range of 20% w / w to 70% w / w.

[0161] In one implementation, the concentration of agriculturally acceptable excipients is in the range of 30% w / w to 60% w / w.

[0162] In one implementation, the concentration of agriculturally acceptable excipients is in the range of 40% w / w to 50% w / w.

[0163] In one embodiment, the concentration of the dispersant is in the range of about 0.01% w / w to about 10% w / w.

[0164] In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the dispersant is in the range of about 0.01% w / w to about 1% w / w.

[0165] In one embodiment, the concentration of the defoamer is in the range of about 0.01% w / w to about 10% w / w.

[0166] In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the defoamer is in the range of about 0.01% w / w to about 0.5% w / w.

[0167] In one embodiment, the concentration of the antifreeze is in the range of about 0.01% w / w to about 10% w / w.

[0168] In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the antifreeze is in the range of about 0.01% w / w to about 5% w / w.

[0169] In one embodiment, the concentration of the thickener is in the range of about 0.01% w / w to about 10% w / w.

[0170] In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the thickener is in the range of about 0.01% w / w to about 0.5% w / w.

[0171] In some embodiments, the fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing fungal diseases in Solanaceae species comprises an agriculturally acceptable excipient selected from the group consisting of solvents, carriers, fillers, surfactants, dispersants, wetting agents, defoamers, stabilizers, pH adjusters, and combinations thereof.

[0172] In some embodiments, agriculturally acceptable solvents are selected from aromatic compounds such as xylene, toluene, or alkylnaphthalene; chlorinated aromatic compounds or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, vinyl chloride, or dichloromethane; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example, mineral oil fractions, mineral oils, and vegetable oils; alcohols such as butanol or ethylene glycol, and their ethers and esters; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, or cyclohexanone; highly polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide; and water.

[0173] In some implementations, agriculturally acceptable carriers are selected from solid or liquid carriers.

[0174] In some embodiments, agriculturally acceptable liquid carriers are selected from water, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, vegetable oil, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acid anhydride, acetonitrile, acetophenone, amyl acetate, 2-butanone, butenyl carbonate, chlorobenzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, alkyl acetate, diacetone alcohol, 1,2-dichloropropane, diethanolamine, p-diethylbenzene, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol rosinate, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,4-dioxane, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, dimethylolpropane (diproxitol), and alkylpyrrolidone. Ethyl acetate, 2-ethylhexanol, ethylene carbonate, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 2-heptanone, α-pinene, d-limonene, ethyl lactate, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether, γ-butyrolactone, glycerol, glyceryl acetate, glyceryl diacetate, glyceryl triacetate, cetane, hexanediol, isoamyl acetate, isoborneol acetate, isooctane, isoflavone, cumene, isopropyl myristate, lactic acid, laurylamine, isopropyl acetone, methoxypropanol, methyl isopentyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl lauryl ketone, methyl octanoate, methyl oleate, dichloromethane, m-xylene, n-hexane, n-octylamine, stearic acid, octylamine acetate Acetate), oleic acid, oleylamine, o-xylene, phenol, polyethylene glycol, propionic acid, propyl lactate, propylene carbonate, propylene glycol, propylene glycol methyl ether, p-xylene, toluene, triethyl phosphate, triethylene glycol, xylenesulfonic acid, paraffin, mineral oil, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and alcohols of higher molecular weight (such as pentanol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, hexanol, octanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and combinations thereof.

[0175] In some implementations, agriculturally acceptable solid carriers are selected from talc, titanium dioxide, pyrophyllite clay, silica, attapulgite clay, diatomaceous earth, limestone, calcium carbonate, bentonite, calcium montmorillonite, cottonseed hulls, wheat flour, soybean flour, pumice, wood flour, walnut shells, lignin, and combinations thereof.

[0176] In some embodiments, agriculturally acceptable surfactants may be selected from nonionic surfactants, such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl (mono- or di-)phenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene (mono-, di- or tri-)styrene phenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block copolymers, polyoxyethylene fatty acid (mono- or di-) esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, castor oil ethylene oxide adducts, acetylenol, ethynyl alcohol, ethylene oxide adducts of acetylenol, alkyl glycosides, etc.; and anionic surfactants, such as alkyl sulfates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, lignin sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinic acid, etc. Salts, naphthalene sulfonates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, formalin condensates of naphthalene sulfonic acid, formalin condensates of alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates or phosphates, polyoxyethylene (mono- or di-)alkylphenyl ether sulfates or phosphates, polyoxyethylene (mono-, di-, or tri-)styrene phenyl ether sulfates or phosphates, polycarboxylates (e.g., polyacrylates, polymaleates, copolymers of maleic acid and olefins, etc.), polystyrene sulfonates, etc.; cationic surfactants, such as alkylamine salts, alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, etc.; amphoteric surfactants such as amino acid-type and betaine-type; silicone surfactants, fluorosurfactants, and combinations thereof.

[0177] In one embodiment, the fungicidal composition for controlling / preventing fungal diseases in plants / crops may comprise ionic and nonionic dispersants that enable the granules to readily disintegrate in water, such as salts of polystyrene sulfonic acid, salts of polyvinyl sulfonic acid, salts of naphthalene sulfonic acid / formaldehyde condensates, salts of condensates of naphthalene sulfonic acid, phenol sulfonic acid, and formaldehyde, and salts of lignin sulfonic acid, polyethylene oxide / polypropylene oxide block copolymers, polyethylene glycol ethers of linear alcohols, reaction products of fatty acids with ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide, in addition to polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, copolymers of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and copolymers of (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylates, as well as alkyl ethoxylates and alkyl aryl ethoxylates. Preferred dispersants include sodium naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensates, polyethylene glycol mono-[2,4,6-tris(1-phenylethyl)phenyl ether, or combinations thereof.

[0178] In one embodiment, the fungicidal composition for controlling / preventing fungal diseases in plants / crops may contain a stabilizer. Such stabilizers may include carboxylic acids (such as citric acid and butylated oleic acid) or inorganic components (such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate), which may also act as pH adjusters.

[0179] In some embodiments, the fungicidal compositions of this disclosure for the control / prevention of fungal diseases in plants / crops comprise at least one defoamer, which is typically used in agrochemical compositions for this purpose. In some embodiments, preferred defoamers are selected from silicone oils, aqueous emulsions of polyorganosiloxanes, and magnesium stearate, or suitable combinations thereof.

[0180] In some embodiments, the fungicidal compositions of this disclosure for controlling or preventing fungal diseases in crops comprise at least one pH adjuster selected from organic and inorganic components, which is commonly used in agrochemical compositions to adjust pH. In a non-limiting embodiment, the pH adjuster may be selected from potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium dihydrogen phosphate. However, there are no particular limitations on the choice of pH adjuster.

[0181] In some implementations, the fungicidal composition used to control or prevent fungal diseases in Solanaceae species is in solid or liquid form.

[0182] In some embodiments, the fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing fungal diseases in Solanaceae species is a formulation selected from the group consisting of: aerosols, capsule suspensions, cold-fogging concentrates, hot-fogging concentrates, microcapsule granules, fine granules, flowable concentrates for the treatment of seed, ready-to-use solutions, dustable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, water-in-oil emulsions, large granules, microgranules, oil-dispersible powders, oil suspensions, oil-miscible liquids, foaming agents, pastes, pesticide-coated seeds, suspension concentrates, suspension emulsions, and soluble concentrates. Concentrates, suspensions, wettable powders, soluble powders, powders and granules, water-soluble granules or tablets, water-soluble powders for seed treatment, wettable powders, natural and synthetic products impregnated with active compounds, microencapsulations in polymeric neutralizing seed coating materials, and ULV cold fog and hot fog formulations.

[0183] In one embodiment, this disclosure provides a method for preparing a fungicidal composition for controlling or preventing fungal diseases of potatoes, the method comprising:

[0184] a) Add alkylated naphthalene sulfonate sodium formaldehyde salt, 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, propylene glycol, sodium bentonite, an aqueous emulsion of polyorganosiloxane and diacetyl amide to water under stirring to form a homogeneous slurry.

[0185] b) Grind the slurry in a bead mill to achieve the desired particle size;

[0186] c) Xanthan gum and propylene glycol are added to the slurry under high shear to obtain a homogeneous dimethoprim suspension;

[0187] d) Mix the dimethomorph suspension with cymoxanil hydrochloride under low stirring to homogenize the mixture of dimethomorph suspension and cymoxanil hydrochloride;

[0188] e) Add an aqueous emulsion of polyorganosiloxane and magnesium aluminum silicate to the homogenized mixture, followed by the addition of xanthan gum and propylene glycol; and

[0189] f) Homogenize the mixture to obtain a homogeneous suspension of dimethomorph and cymoxanil hydrochloride.

[0190] This disclosure further relates to a method for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in crops, the method comprising contacting an effective amount of the fungicide combination or composition as described above with seeds, leaves or the crop site, or applying an effective amount of the fungicide combination or composition as described above to seeds, leaves or the crop site.

[0191] This disclosure also provides a method for preventing fungal diseases in crops, the method comprising contacting an effective amount of the fungicide combination or composition as described above with seeds, leaves or the crop site, or applying an effective amount of the fungicide combination or composition as described above to seeds, leaves or the crop site.

[0192] This disclosure further provides a method for improving crop health of crops susceptible to plant pathogenic fungi, the method comprising contacting an effective amount of the fungicidal combination or composition as described above with seeds, leaves or crop site, or applying an effective amount of the fungicidal combination or composition as described above to seeds, leaves or crop site.

[0193] While subsequent embodiments focus on methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in crops, methods for preventing fungal diseases in crops, and methods for improving crop health, all characteristics and properties of fungicides, fungicide combinations, fungicides, fungicides, fungal diseases, fungal pathogens, and crops / plants are as described in any of the embodiments above. For the sake of brevity and to avoid repetition, each of these embodiments will not be repeated herein. However, each of the embodiments described falls entirely within the scope of methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in crops, methods for preventing fungal diseases in crops, and methods for improving crop health.

[0194] In some embodiments, a method for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in crops includes contacting an effective amount of a fungicide combination or composition with the leaves, seeds, or site of the crop, or applying an effective amount of the fungicide combination or composition to the leaves, seeds, or site of the crop, the fungicide combination or composition comprising:

[0195] a) at least one amygdalin fungicide, and

[0196] b) At least one carbamate fungicide.

[0197] In some embodiments, a method for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in crops includes contacting an effective amount of a fungicide combination or composition with the leaves, seeds, or site of the crop, or applying an effective amount of the fungicide combination or composition to the leaves, seeds, or site of the crop, the fungicide combination or composition comprising:

[0198] a) Diyrylamide; and

[0199] b) Cymoxanil or its salts.

[0200] In some embodiments, methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in Solanaceae species, methods for preventing fungal diseases in Solanaceae species, or methods for improving crop health in Solanaceae species include contacting an effective amount of a fungicide combination or composition with the leaves, seeds, or site of the crop, or applying an effective amount of a fungicide combination or composition to the leaves, seeds, or site of the crop, the fungicide combination or composition comprising:

[0201] a) at least one amygdalin fungicide, and

[0202] b) At least one carbamate fungicide.

[0203] In one embodiment, the application rate of the mandelic acid fungicide is in the range of about 50 g ai / ha to about 500 g ai.i. / ha.

[0204] In one embodiment, the amount of mandelic acid fungicide applied is in the range of about 100 g ai / ha to about 400 g ai.i. / ha.

[0205] In one embodiment, the application rate of the mandelic acid fungicide is in the range of about 200 g ai / ha to about 300 g ai.i. / ha.

[0206] In a preferred embodiment, the amount of mandelic acid fungicide applied is 125 g ai / ha.

[0207] In a preferred embodiment, the amount of mandelic acid fungicide applied is 150 g ai / ha.

[0208] In one embodiment, the application rate of the carbamate fungicide is in the range of about 100 g ai / ha to about 2000 g ai / ha.

[0209] In one embodiment, the application rate of the carbamate fungicide is in the range of about 200 g ai / ha to about 1500 g ai.i. / ha.

[0210] In one embodiment, the application rate of the carbamate fungicide is in the range of about 500 g ai / ha to about 1000 g ai.i. / ha.

[0211] In a preferred embodiment, the application rate of the carbamate fungicide is 1000 g ai / ha.

[0212] In some implementation methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in potatoes, the plant pathogenic fungus is *Phytophthora*, the pathogen that causes potato late blight; and

[0213] The method includes contacting, or applying to the location of seeds, leaves, or crops, an effective amount of a fungicide mixture, the fungicide mixture comprising:

[0214] a) an effective fungicidal amount of dicytochlor; and

[0215] b) An effective amount of cymoxanil or its salts for fungicide application.

[0216] In some implementation methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in potatoes, the plant pathogenic fungus is *Phytophthora*, the pathogen that causes potato late blight; and

[0217] The method includes contacting, or applying to the location of seeds, leaves, or crops, an effective amount of a fungicide mixture, the fungicide mixture comprising:

[0218] a) an effective fungicidal amount of dicytochlor; and

[0219] b) An effective amount of cymoxanil or its salts for fungicide application.

[0220] Dimethoprim and cymoxanil or their salts are present in a ratio of about 1:10 to 10:1.

[0221] In some implementation methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in potatoes, the plant pathogenic fungus is *Phytophthora*, the pathogen that causes potato late blight; and

[0222] The method includes contacting, or applying to the location of seeds, leaves, or crops, an effective amount of a fungicide mixture, the fungicide mixture comprising:

[0223] a) an effective fungicidal amount of dicytochlor; and

[0224] b) An effective amount of cymoxanil or its salts for fungicide application.

[0225] Dimethoprim and cymoxanil or their salts are present in a ratio of approximately 1:8.

[0226] In some implementation methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in potatoes, the plant pathogenic fungus is *Phytophthora*, the pathogen that causes potato late blight; and

[0227] The method includes contacting, or applying to the location of seeds, leaves, or crops, an effective amount of a fungicide mixture, the fungicide mixture comprising:

[0228] a) an effective fungicidal amount of dicytochlor; and

[0229] b) An effective amount of cymoxanil or its salts for fungicide application.

[0230] The application rate of the fungicide combination is approximately 100g ai / Ha to 2000g ai / Ha.

[0231] In some implementation methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in potatoes, the plant pathogenic fungus is *Phytophthora*, the pathogen that causes potato late blight; and

[0232] The method includes contacting, or applying to the location of seeds, leaves, or crops, an effective amount of a fungicide mixture, the fungicide mixture comprising:

[0233] a) an effective fungicidal amount of dicytochlor; and

[0234] b) An effective amount of cymoxanil or its salts for fungicide application.

[0235] The application rate of the fungicide combination is approximately 1125g ai / Ha.

[0236] In some implementation methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in potatoes, the plant pathogenic fungus is *Phytophthora*, the pathogen that causes potato late blight; and

[0237] The method includes contacting, or applying to the location of seeds, leaves, or crops, an effective amount of a fungicide mixture, the fungicide mixture comprising:

[0238] a) an effective fungicidal amount of dicytochlor; and

[0239] b) An effective amount of cymoxanil or its salts for fungicide application.

[0240] The application rate of dimethomorph is approximately 125 g ai / ha, and the application rate of cymoxanil or its salt is approximately 1000 g ai / ha.

[0241] In some implementation methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in potatoes, the plant pathogenic fungus is *Phytophthora*, the pathogen that causes potato late blight; and

[0242] The method includes contacting, or applying to the location of seeds, leaves, or crops, an effective amount of the fungicidal composition, the fungicidal composition comprising:

[0243] a) An effective amount of diacetylcholinesteramine for fungicidal purposes;

[0244] b) an effective fungicide amount of cymoxanil or its salt; and

[0245] c) Agriculturally acceptable excipients.

[0246] In some implementation methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in potatoes, the plant pathogenic fungus is *Phytophthora*, the pathogen that causes potato late blight; and

[0247] The method includes contacting, or applying to the location of seeds, leaves, or crops, an effective amount of the fungicidal composition, the fungicidal composition comprising:

[0248] a) A fungicidal effective amount of dimethomorph, in an amount of about 1% to about 90% by weight;

[0249] b) A fungicide effective amount of cymoxanil or its salt, in an amount of about 1% to about 90% by weight; and

[0250] c) Agriculturally acceptable excipients in amounts from about 0.01% by weight to about 99% by weight.

[0251] In some implementation methods for controlling the growth of plant pathogenic fungi in potatoes, the plant pathogenic fungus is *Phytophthora*, the pathogen that causes potato late blight; and

[0252] The method includes contacting, or applying to the location of seeds, leaves, or crops, an effective amount of the fungicidal composition, the fungicidal composition comprising:

[0253] a) A fungicidal effective amount of dimethomorph, in an amount of about 5% w / w to about 10% w / w;

[0254] b) A fungicide effective amount of cymoxanil or its salt, in an amount of about 60% w / w to about 80% w / w; and

[0255] c) Agriculturally acceptable excipients in amounts from about 0.01% w / w to about 99% w / w.

[0256] The fungicidal combination disclosed herein for the control or prevention of fungal diseases in Solanaceae species such as potatoes can be applied simultaneously or sequentially in tank mix form. It can be applied to the plant or parts thereof or to the soil before emergence (before or after planting). It can be applied as a foliar spray at different times during crop development, and after emergence, it can be applied once or twice, morning and evening. The fungicidal combination described above can be applied, for example, as a single “premix”, as a combined spray mixture (such as a “tank mix”) consisting of individual formulations of a single active ingredient component, and as a combination of single active ingredients when applied sequentially (i.e., one after another for reasonably short periods of time, such as minutes, hours, or days).

[0257] The methods disclosed herein can be carried out on agricultural land such as fields, grasslands, and orchards, or on non-agricultural land. The methods disclosed herein can be used to control diseases in agricultural land, cultivating plants without any phytotoxicity. The fungicidal combinations and compositions disclosed herein have not shown any signs or symptoms of phytotoxicity and are safe at different growth stages of crops.

[0258] In some embodiments, the combinations or compositions of this disclosure can be applied using various conventional preventative techniques and machines, such as sprayers, fluidized bed technology, roller mill methods, drones, rotary static seed processors, drum coaters, spray beds, etc. Pre- and post-coating procedures, such as sizing, can also be performed. Such procedures are known in the art. It is readily understood that plant propagation material will typically only be treated after it has been removed from the plant and is ready for reseeding.

[0259] In some embodiments, the treatment can be carried out before sowing the plant propagation material so that the material to be sown has been pretreated with the fungicidal combination or composition of this disclosure. Specifically, according to this disclosure, seed coating or seed pelleting is preferred in the treatment with the fungicidal combination or composition of this disclosure. As a result of the treatment, the active ingredients in the combination and / or composition adhere to the seeds and are therefore useful for disease control.

[0260] The fungicidal combination disclosed herein can be provided as a kit, allowing the individual fungicides in the kit to be tank-mixed individually or together prior to spraying. In some embodiments, the kit may contain at least one fungicide comprising a carboxylic acid amide compound, preferably dimethomorph and cymoxanil or a salt thereof, such that the two components can be tank-mixed individually or together prior to spraying.

[0261] Therefore, in one aspect, this disclosure provides a kit comprising a fungicidal combination comprising: a) at least one mandelic acid fungicide; and b) at least one carbamate fungicide. In an exemplary embodiment, the kit comprises a fungicidal combination comprising: a) diacetylaminopropionate; and b) cymoxanil or a salt thereof.

[0262] This disclosure also relates to the use of the fungicidal combinations or compositions described herein for the control of fungal diseases in crops.

[0263] In some embodiments, this disclosure relates to the use of a fungicidal combination or composition comprising a) at least one mandelic acid fungicide and b) at least one carbamate fungicide in the control of late blight of potatoes caused by Phytophthora blight.

[0264] In some embodiments, this disclosure relates to the use of fungicidal combinations or compositions comprising dimethomorph and cymoxanil or their salts for the prevention and control of late blight in potatoes caused by Phytophthora infestans.

[0265] In some embodiments, this disclosure relates to the use of a fungicide combination or composition comprising a) at least one mandelic acid fungicide and b) at least one carbamate fungicide for improving crop health, wherein the crop is potato and is susceptible to late blight caused by Phytophthora blight.

[0266] Example

[0267] While the foregoing description discloses various embodiments of this disclosure, other and additional embodiments of this disclosure may be conceived without departing from the basic scope of this disclosure. This disclosure is not limited to the described embodiments, versions, or examples, but is included to enable those skilled in the art to make and use this disclosure in conjunction with information and knowledge available to them.

[0268] Example 1: Field Trial Efficacy Data :

[0269] Tests were conducted to evaluate the fungicidal efficacy of the following combinations of the present invention against late blight in potatoes compared with dimethomorph alone: ​​a) dimethomorph + cymoxanil hydrochloride .

[0270] Table 1: Results of potato treatment with dimethomorph + propamocarb hydrochloride Note: -dAA represents "days after application".

[0271] The above results indicate that the combination of a) diyzoxystrobin and cymoxanil hydrochloride of this disclosure exhibits a significantly lower overall disease transmission rate (%) compared to diyzoxystrobin alone, thus demonstrating improved control of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) in potatoes. Specifically, the results show that the fungicidal combination of a) diyzoxystrobin and cymoxanil hydrochloride of this disclosure significantly reduced disease on leaf surfaces 23 and 30 days after application, indicating that the combination provides significantly improved control compared to individual fungicides such as diyzoxystrobin alone.

[0272] Example 2: Field Trial Efficacy Data

[0273] Tests were conducted to evaluate the fungicidal efficacy of the following combinations of the present invention against late blight in potatoes compared with that of dimethomorph and cymoxanil hydrochloride alone: ​​a) dimethomorph + cymoxanil hydrochloride .

[0274] Table 2: Results of potato treatment with dimethomorph + propamocarb hydrochloride Note: -dAA represents "days after application".

[0275] The above results indicate that the combination of a) diyzoxystrobin and cymoxanil hydrochloride of this disclosure exhibits significantly higher disease control percentages compared to diyzoxystrobin and cymoxanil hydrochloride alone, thus demonstrating improved control of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) in potatoes. Specifically, the results show that the fungicidal combination of a) diyzoxystrobin and cymoxanil hydrochloride of this disclosure significantly controls the disease on the leaf surface 6 days after application, indicating that the combination provides significantly improved control compared to individual fungicides such as diyzoxystrobin and cymoxanil hydrochloride alone.

[0276] Example 3: Dimethomorph 75 + Propamocarb hydrochloride 500 SC

[0277] Table 3

[0278] The above formulation is prepared by first preparing a dimethoprim suspension and then adding the dimethoprim suspension to a cymoxanil hydrochloride suspension.

[0279] Pour the required amount of water into a container. While stirring, add alkylated naphthalenesulfonate sodium formaldehyde salt, 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, propylene glycol, sodium bentonite, an aqueous emulsion of polyorganosiloxane, and finally diacetylaminophen to the water to form a homogeneous slurry. Wet-mill the slurry in a bead mill to the desired particle size. Add xanthan gum and propylene glycol to the milled slurry under high shear to obtain a homogeneous diacetylaminophen suspension.

[0280] Propamoate hydrochloride was loaded into a separate container under stirring. A suspension of dimethomorph was added to the container under low stirring to homogenize the mixture of dimethomorph and propamoate hydrochloride. Once the mixture was homogenized, an aqueous emulsion of polyorganosiloxane and magnesium aluminum silicate was added. A premix of xanthan gum and propylene glycol was added to the mixture and homogenized to obtain a homogeneous suspension.

[0281] Advantages of this disclosure

[0282] The fungicidal combinations and compositions disclosed herein for the control or prevention of fungal diseases in crops, preferably potatoes, exhibit enhanced antifungal efficacy, reduced toxicity, reduced usage rate, and less environmental damage.

[0283] The methods used in this disclosure demonstrate the ability to continuously and effectively control and treat fungal diseases in crops, preferably late blight in potatoes.

[0284] The method used in this disclosure also enables increased crop yield and improved crop health, preferably in potatoes susceptible to late blight caused by Phytophthora species.

[0285] The foregoing description of specific embodiments reveals the general nature of the embodiments described herein, namely that others can readily modify such specific embodiments and / or adapt them to various applications by applying present knowledge without departing from the general concept. Therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be understood within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It should be understood that the wording or terminology used herein is for descriptive rather than limiting purposes. Thus, while embodiments of this disclosure have been described according to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that modifications can be made to practice the embodiments described herein within the substance and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

[0286] Throughout this specification, the terms “combinations thereof” or “any combination thereof” or “any combination thereof” are used interchangeably and are intended to have the same meaning as commonly known in the field of this patent disclosure.

[0287] Regarding the embodiments described in this specification, it is intended that each embodiment can be understood individually and in combination with another embodiment. For example, where some implementation scheme 1 lists three alternatives A, B, and C, some implementation scheme 2 lists three alternatives D, E, and F, and some implementation scheme 3 lists three alternatives G, H, and I, it should be understood that the specification explicitly discloses implementation schemes corresponding to the following: combinations A, D, G; A, D, H; A, D, I; A, E, G; A, E, H; A, E, I; A, F, G; A, F, H; A, F, I; B, D, G; B, D, H; B, D, I; B, E, G; B, E, H; B, E, I; B, F, G; B, F, H; B, F, I; C, D, G; C, D, H; C, D, I; C, E, G; C, E, H; C, E, I; C, F, G; C, F, H; C, F, I, unless otherwise expressly stated.

Claims

1. A fungicide combination for controlling or preventing late blight growth in crops caused by Phytophthora infestans, said fungicide combination comprising: a. dicynomol; and b. Cymoxanil or its salts.

2. The combination according to claim 1, wherein the crop belongs to the genus Solanum (Solanum spp.).

3. The combination according to claim 1, wherein the crop is potato (Solanum tuberosum).

4. The combination according to claim 1, wherein dimethomorph and cymoxanil or their salts are combined in a ratio of 1:10 to 10:

1.

5. A method for controlling late blight caused by Phytophthora in Solanaceae crops, the method comprising contacting an effective amount of a fungicide combination or composition with the leaves, seeds, or the location thereof of the crop, or applying an effective amount of the fungicide combination or composition to the leaves, seeds, or the location thereof of the crop, wherein the fungicide combination or composition comprises: a. dicynomol; and b. Cymoxanil or its salts.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the amount of dimethomorph applied is in the range of about 50 g ai / ha to about 500 g ai / ha.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the application rate of cymoxanil is in the range of about 100 g ai / ha to about 2000 g ai / ha.

8. A fungicidal composition comprising: a. Diyrylamide; b. Cymoxanil or its salts; and c. Excipients that are at least agriculturally acceptable.

9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the agriculturally acceptable excipient is selected from dispersants, defoamers, antifreeze agents, thickeners, or combinations thereof.

10. The composition of claim 8, wherein the composition comprises diyrylamide in an amount ranging from about 1% w / w to about 10% w / w of the composition.

11. The composition of claim 8, wherein the composition comprises about 20% w / w to about 80% w / w of cymoxanil or a salt thereof.

12. The composition of claim 8, wherein the composition comprises an agriculturally acceptable excipient in an amount of about 1% w / w to about 90% w / w of the composition.

13. Use of a fungicide combination or composition for the prevention of late blight caused by Phytophthora in potatoes, wherein said fungicide combination or composition comprises: a. diyrylamide, and b. Cymoxanil or its salts.

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