Tortoise back type block, water filter dam, ecological slope protection and application

Abstract

This application discloses turtle-back type masonry blocks, water purification dams, ecological slope protection, and their applications. The turtle-back type masonry block comprises: a first arc-shaped body with a certain thickness and a first through-hole in its arc-shaped wall; a second arc-shaped body mirror-symmetrical to the first arc-shaped body; and a connecting body, a rectangular column with a first through-hole in its side wall, used to connect the end faces of the first and second arc-shaped bodies to form a ring-shaped column structure with a central cavity. The water purification dam is formed by stacking multiple layers of turtle-back type masonry block arrays to form an upright or sloping structure; wherein the turtle-back type masonry block array is composed of multiple adjacent turtle-back type masonry blocks laid flat. The turtle-back type masonry blocks provided in this application can be used to construct water purification dams, ecological slope protection, ecological fish reefs, and other water body structures, possessing comprehensive functions such as water purification, ecological fish nests, and ecological slope protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of environmental protection technology of water purification and ecological restoration, specifically involving a turtle-back type block, a water purification filter dam, an ecological slope protection and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Coupled in-situ habitat restoration with the removal of organic matter and nutrients is an important method to ensure the quality of the ecological environment. By using functional materials as carriers and utilizing the material exchange of the carriers to remove nitrogen and phosphorus, and by optimizing spatial design to construct river and lake habitat spaces, the in-situ ecological environment quality of rivers, lakes and ditches can be guaranteed.

[0003] Regarding in-situ water purification in rivers and lakes, previous research focused on constructing filter dams and placing water purification media in non-floodwater bodies, emphasizing the simultaneous removal of pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus. This approach largely borrowed from the water purification principles of subsurface flow wetlands, employing dispersed granular water purification media placed within the civil engineering structure to form a fixed, media-based filter dam for water purification. Water flows through the dam, utilizing the biological enrichment properties of the media to complete water purification. Simultaneously, backwashing facilities were added to prevent clogging of the media or water obstruction by the filter dam. However, these dams occupy river channel space, have complex structures, and the backwashing equipment requires high-power electricity, making simple maintenance difficult.

[0004] In addition, various patents related to prefabricated blocks have been developed for the restoration of river and lake habitats. Existing patents often involve technologies using ordinary cement, sand, and concrete to create fish nests or planting spaces through spatial design. These are suitable for bank restoration and achieve certain landscape effects. However, the materials themselves lack the mass transfer function for removing organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus, resulting in insufficient water purification benefits.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a material with purification function and blocks made from this material. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application provides turtle-back shaped blocks, water purification dams, and their applications. The blocks can effectively capture and remove low-concentration organic matter and nutrients, improving water quality. They are suitable for various types of river, lake, and canal hydraulic conditions. The blocks feature diverse spatial designs, creating habitats for species and constructing spaces for hydraulic energy dissipation and ecological restoration.

[0007] The technical solution provided in this application is as follows.

[0008] In a first aspect, this application provides a turtle-back shaped block, comprising: The first arc-shaped body has a certain thickness and a first through hole is opened in the arc-shaped wall; the second arc-shaped body is mirror-symmetrical to the first arc-shaped body. The connector is a rectangular column with a first through hole on its side wall, used to connect the end faces of the first and second arc surfaces to form an annular column structure with a central cavity.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the turtle-back block has a second through hole in the height direction for connecting multiple turtle-back blocks vertically to form a stacked structure.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the material of the turtle-back block is obtained by reacting environmental mineral mixture with water and molding; the environmental mineral mixture includes a gelling material, aggregates and a water-reducing agent; the gelling material is a mixture of silicate cement and biochar powder, with a mass fraction of 20-30 parts; the aggregate is a graded mixture of sponge iron ore and basalt gravel, with a mass fraction of 70-80 parts.

[0011] Furthermore, by weight, the amount of gel material is 20-25 parts, and the amount of graded aggregate is 70-75 parts.

[0012] Furthermore, the mass percentage of silicate cement in the gel material is not less than 50%; the particle size of the biochar powder is 300-500 mesh.

[0013] Furthermore, the equivalent particle size of the sponge iron ore and basalt gravel in the graded aggregate is 10-30 mm, wherein the mass percentage of sponge iron ore is not less than 60%.

[0014] Furthermore, the molding method includes: placing the reacted environmental mineral mixture into a mold hopper at a compression ratio of 10-15%, and molding it by static pressure or vibration; wherein, the static pressure process has a pressure of about 3-5 MPa and a pressing time of 20-30 s; the vibration process uses a flat plate to vibrate at a frequency of 30-50 Hz and a vibration time of 30-45 s.

[0015] Secondly, this application provides a water purification dam or ecological slope protection, characterized in that the water purification dam or ecological slope protection is formed by stacking multiple layers of turtle-back block arrays to form an upright or sloping structure; wherein the turtle-back block array is composed of multiple adjacent turtle-back blocks laid flat.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the turtle-back block array is connected vertically by a connecting rod inserted into a second through hole.

[0017] Thirdly, this application provides the application of the aforementioned water purification dams or ecological slope protection in water purification and as habitats for aquatic plants and animals.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. The turtle-back type masonry block provided in this application integrates multiple functions such as mechanical properties, water purification, and ecological restoration. Its mechanical strength is equivalent to C10 concrete, with a porosity of 15% and continuously interconnected pores. The semi-cylindrical front crown of the block receives water, effectively reducing wind and wave energy. The block's internal and external structures are interconnected; its unique cavity structure and continuously interconnected pore structure reduce water loss, prevent blockage, extend solid-liquid contact time, and create diverse habitat spaces, which is crucial for habitat diversity restoration and water quality improvement. The block itself possesses a diverse system of pores and voids, ensuring that the block structure does not bear the soil-water pressure from the inside or outside, making the block structure safe and stable.

[0019] 2. The turtle-back shaped blocks provided in this application can be used to construct water purification dams, ecological fish reefs, and other water structures. When these blocks are stacked and placed in water, they enrich indigenous microorganisms. The iron-carbon phase forms a microenvironmental electrode pair, capturing organic matter in the water as electron donors and nitrate ions to undergo denitrification, simultaneously removing organic matter and nitrogen nutrients. The hydrated calcium silicate phase captures and removes phosphate and ammonium ions. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the block provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 The top view (plan view) of the block provided in the embodiment of this application shows that the double thick horizontal lines in the figure represent the symmetrical configuration; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of block AA provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of block BB provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 A plan view of a vertical block construction assembly provided for an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 The diagram shows a vertical block construction assembly provided in this application embodiment. The blocks are staggered, and each block has at least 4 vertical interlocking holes into which rigid polyoxymethylene rods can be inserted for interlocking. Figure 7 A plan view of a block ramp construction assembly provided for an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 The diagram shows a vertical block ramp construction assembly provided in this application embodiment. The blocks are staggered and each block has at least 3 vertical interlocking holes into which rigid polyoxymethylene rods can be inserted for interlocking. In the figure: First through hole 1; Second through hole 2; Central chamber 3; Connector 4; First arc surface 5; Connecting rod 6; Second arc surface 7. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this technology based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] In the description of this application, spatial relation terms such as "below," "under," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc., are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figures and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figures, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped, an element or feature described as "below" or "under" or "below" of other elements or features will be oriented "above" other elements or features. Therefore, the exemplary terms "below" and "under" can include both upper and lower orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0025] In the description of this application, the term "for example" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "for example" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use this application. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that this application can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes will not be described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of this application. Therefore, this application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0026] See Figure 1-4 This application provides a turtle-back shaped building block that integrates water purification and ecological restoration functions. The block includes: The first arc-shaped body 5 has a certain thickness, and the arc-shaped wall has a first through hole 1; The second arc-shaped body 7 is mirror-symmetrical to the first arc-shaped body 5; The connecting body 4 is a rectangular column with a first through hole 1 on its side wall, used to connect the end faces of the first and second arc surfaces to form an annular column structure with a through central cavity 3.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the turtle-back block has a second through hole 2 in the height direction for connecting multiple turtle-back blocks vertically to form a stacked structure.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the turtle-back shaped block is obtained by reacting an environmental mineral mixture with water and then molding it; the environmental mineral mixture includes a gelling material, aggregates, and a water-reducing agent; the gelling material is a mixture of silicate cement and biochar powder, with a mass fraction of 20-30 parts; the aggregates are a graded mixture of sponge iron ore and basalt gravel, with a mass fraction of 70-80 parts.

[0029] The gel material is made of silicate cement and biochar powder; the graded aggregate is made of sponge iron ore and basalt gravel.

[0030] It should be noted that the water-reducing agent is added as needed, with a reference dosage of 1‰ of the gel material mass.

[0031] Furthermore, in the aforementioned environmental mineral mixture, the amount of gel material is 20-25 parts by weight, and the amount of graded aggregate is 70-75 parts. The water-cement ratio is gradually adjusted with the goal of achieving a slump of no more than 5 cm. A reference water-cement ratio is 0.15-0.30. During implementation, the material mix proportions should also be optimized based on the origin and properties of the raw materials used in preparation.

[0032] Specifically, in the environmental mineral mixture, the amount of gel material is 25 parts by mass, the amount of graded aggregate is 75 parts, and the amount of water-reducing agent is 1‰ of the mass of gel material.

[0033] Furthermore, the mass percentage of silicate cement in the gel material is not less than 50%, and the mass percentage of biochar is not greater than 50%.

[0034] Furthermore, the biochar powder in the gel material is made from raw materials including crop straw, garden leaf waste, etc., which are subjected to rapid anaerobic pyrolysis at a low to medium temperature of not less than 500℃, followed by pyrolysis carbonization and then fine powdering. It is rich in surface functional groups such as -OH, C=C, C=O, and -COOH, with a C component of approximately 70%, a specific surface area of ​​approximately 150 m² / g, and an ash content of no more than 15%. The biochar powder has a mesh size of 300-500.

[0035] Furthermore, the water-reducing agent is a naphthalene-based water-reducing agent or a polycarboxylate water-reducing agent, or other high-efficiency water-reducing agents.

[0036] Furthermore, the equivalent particle size of both the sponge iron ore and basalt gravel in the graded aggregate is 10-30 mm, and the mass percentage of sponge iron ore is not less than 60%.

[0037] Furthermore, the method for preparing the blocks includes: adding aggregates, adding 45-55% of the mixing water, stirring for 30-60 seconds to completely wet the surface of the aggregates; adding cement and water-reducing agent, adding water while stirring, until the water volume reaches 90% of the mixing water; adding biochar powder, then adding the remaining 10% of the water, stirring thoroughly for about 1-2 minutes, and then discharging the material.

[0038] Furthermore, the molding method includes: placing the reacted environmental mineral mixture into a mold hopper at a compression ratio of 10-15%, and molding it using static pressure or vibration; wherein, the static pressure process uses a pressure of approximately 3-5 MPa and a pressing time of 20-30 seconds; the vibration process uses a flat plate for vibration at a frequency of 30-50 Hz and a vibration time of 30-45 seconds. The blocks are cured in situ for approximately 3 days, after which the mold shell can be removed, and natural or standard curing can begin.

[0039] The blocks provided in this application are based on material improvements and structural design to achieve a block that integrates functions such as water purification and ecological restoration.

[0040] First, the embodiments of this application propose a mixing ratio for water purification environmental mineral materials, which consists of silicate cement (CSH), biochar (C), sponge iron ore (Fe), basalt gravel, trace amounts of conditioning agent, and water, mixed and stirred according to the designed mixing ratio to prepare an environmental mineral material with a porosity of 15±5% and a compressive strength of not less than 8MPa.

[0041] Secondly, this embodiment aims to maximize the solid-liquid interface and multi-point anchoring by using prefabricated turtle-back shaped blocks made of environmental mineral admixtures. These blocks have semi-cylindrical front crowns at the front and rear, and a rectangular connecting body in the middle. The front crowns and connecting body of the blocks have large-diameter horizontal channels to expand the solid-liquid interface and create a three-dimensional habitat, serving as a carrier for habitat diversity restoration. The blocks also have multi-channel vertical interlocking holes for anchoring, acting as interlocking anchoring holes for vertical paving. The semi-cylindrical front crowns at the front and rear of the turtle-back shaped blocks effectively reduce the energy of water flow and waves, while the cylindrical cavity provides habitat for aquatic plants and animals and can also create ecological reefs. Small-diameter vertical through holes serve as interlocking holes for the upper and lower blocks, with corrosion-resistant rigid plastic rods acting as vertical inserts, simultaneously providing reinforcement. The staggered connection of the vertical through holes is suitable for slope restoration.

[0042] See Figure 5-8 This application provides a water purification dam or ecological slope protection. The water purification dam or ecological slope protection is formed by stacking multiple layers of turtle-back block arrays to form an upright or sloping structure; wherein, the turtle-back block array is composed of multiple adjacent turtle-back blocks laid flat.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the turtle-back block array is connected vertically by a connecting rod 6 inserted into a second through hole.

[0044] Furthermore, the connecting rod 6 is a rigid plastic rod with a shear strength of 50~80MPa.

[0045] Specifically, see Figure 5-6 Based on the vertical construction of blocks, the turtle-back blocks are arranged in the horizontal direction with the rectangular side of the connecting block 4 in contact with the adjacent blocks; the blocks of the upper and lower layers are staggered, the interlocking holes are aligned in the same position, and the blocks are placed in a rigid polyoxymethylene rod to lock the spatial positioning of the blocks.

[0046] Specifically, see Figure 7-8 Based on the sloping construction of blocks, the turtle-back blocks are arranged in the horizontal direction with the rectangular side of the connecting block 4 in contact with the adjacent blocks. The interlocking holes of the upper and lower blocks are aligned in different positions. The rigid polyoxymethylene rod is inserted into the interlocking hole in the vertical direction and placed in the rigid polyoxymethylene rod to lock the spatial positioning of the blocks.

[0047] The aforementioned water purification dams or ecological slope protection structures are vertical water purification dams or sloping ecological slope protection structures built based on functions such as water purification and ecological restoration. The blocks have a compressive strength of not less than 8 MPa, and the material components possess active mass transfer and water / air permeability functions. When placed in water bodies, they capture organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in situ. The block shapes and combinations can create diverse habitats.

[0048] It is understood that this application aims at water purification and ecological restoration, proposing specific implementation methods for vertical or sloping water purification dams and ecological slope protection using turtle-back type masonry blocks. During paving construction, turtle-back type masonry blocks require no grouting or filling with any adhesive materials; the safety and stability of the masonry are achieved through the interlocking parts of the blocks. Turtle-back type masonry blocks are laid layer by layer, with the vertical interlocking holes of upper and lower layers aligned and anchored with rigid polyoxymethylene rods to construct vertical water purification dams or ecological fishponds. Alternatively, aligning the interlocking holes of upper and lower layers with rigid polyoxymethylene rods allows for the construction of sloping combinations, providing comprehensive in-situ restoration or ecological slope protection functions.

[0049] The functions and effects of the first through hole 1 and the central cavity 3 of the turtle-back block include: (1) The vertical ecological filter dam placed in the water is interconnected between the blocks and inside and outside the blocks based on the first through hole 1, which expands the solid-liquid contact area, strengthens water purification, and is conducive to building a diverse ecological fish reef; (2) It conforms to the hole structure principle of ecological restoration, constructs the ecological restoration of the slope, and gravel, soil, etc. can be implanted in the central cavity 3 as a habitat carrier for aquatic plants and animals; (3) The through hole and cavity structure can reduce the weight of the blocks themselves, facilitate transportation and paving, have high construction efficiency, and good ecological benefits.

[0050] The present application will be further described below with reference to more specific embodiments.

[0051] 1. The building blocks provided in this application embodiment are prefabricated from an environmentally friendly mineral mixture with water purification properties. The amounts of each component in the environmentally friendly mineral mixture, by weight, are as follows: Mix proportions: 25 parts gelling agent, 75 parts graded aggregate, water-cement ratio 0.20. Among them, The gel material is prepared by batch mixing of 15 parts silicate cement and 10 parts biochar. The silicate cement has a strength grade of P·O 42.5; the biochar is made by rapidly pyrolyzing rice straw at 500℃ in an anaerobic environment, followed by carbonization and grinding into a fine powder with a particle size of 500 mesh.

[0052] Graded aggregate: prepared by mixing 45 parts of sponge iron ore with an equivalent particle size of 15mm and 30 parts of basalt gravel with an equivalent particle size of 20mm; Water-reducing agent: Naphthalene-based water-reducing agent is used, with a dosage of 1‰ of the gel material mass; Mixing process: Add 75 parts of graded aggregate, add 50% of the mixing water, stir for 40 seconds until the aggregate surface is completely wetted; then add 15 parts of silicate cement and an appropriate amount of water-reducing agent, while stirring and adding water until the water level reaches 90% of the mixing water; finally add 10 parts of biochar powder, add the remaining 10% of the water, stir thoroughly for 90 seconds, and discharge.

[0053] Block preparation process: The mixture is placed into the mold hopper at a compression ratio of 13%, and static pressure is used for molding. The static pressure is about 3.5 MPa, and the pressing time is 25 seconds. The blocks are cured in situ for 3 days, the mold shell is removed, and then they are naturally cured for another 28 days to form the final block.

[0054] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 The diagram shows the upright construction method for turtle-back type masonry blocks. The specific implementation method is as follows: [The following text appears to be a separate, unrelated section:] ...ensuring a bearing capacity of not less than 100 kN / m... 2 On a flat foundation, turtle-back shaped blocks are arranged layer by layer. Blocks in the same layer are laid side-by-side, with at least three vertically interlocking holes aligned between adjacent layers for anchoring with rigid polyoxymethylene (POM) rods. The first layer of blocks is anchored to the foundation. The second layer of blocks is laid in a staggered fashion from the first, with rigid POM rods inserted into the aligned vertically interlocking holes, interlocking the two layers. The length of the rigid POM rod is greater than the thickness of one self-embedded block but less than the thickness of two self-embedded blocks. Furthermore, the first through-hole and the central cavity are interconnected, providing an ecological reef and diverse habitat. When the filler is placed in water for about three months, it accumulates indigenous microorganisms, forming a biofilm and building a stable microbial community, achieving long-term water purification.

[0055] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 The diagram illustrates the sloping construction method for turtle-back shaped masonry blocks. The specific implementation is as follows: First, once the shoreline foundation's bearing capacity meets design requirements, the first layer of blocks is laid side-by-side and fixed to the foundation using three vertical interlocking holes. The foremost vertical interlocking hole of the second layer overlaps with the middle hole of the first layer, i.e., the displaced interlocking holes are aligned, and a rigid plastic rod is inserted, interlocking the two layers of blocks. Simultaneously, soil is filled into the central cavity of the blocks, and plants are transplanted or sown; the first through-hole serves as a habitat for micro-animals and amphibians.

[0056] In paving, turtle-back type blocks do not require grouting or filling with any adhesive materials. They rely solely on the self-interlocking action of the blocks to achieve the stable construction of water purification dams and sloping banks.

[0057] This application also provides the application of the aforementioned water purification dams or ecological slope protection in water purification and as habitats for aquatic plants and animals.

[0058] It is understood that the aforementioned water purification dam or ecological slope protection uses iron-based biomass silicate hydrate substrate as the material, with Fe as the catalytic center, to capture organophosphorus compounds in the water through coordination isomerization, reduce P=O and POC chemistry, and simultaneously release NH4+. + PO4³ - A mineralized network fixed to a silicate hydrate substrate simultaneously removes organic matter and nutrients from the water.

[0059] Specifically, the water purification filter dam is installed in the water body. Its iron (derived from sponge iron ore)-carbon (derived from biochar) phases form a microenvironmental electrode, where electron transfer occurs, reducing nitrate ions, and low-carbon autotrophic denitrification occurs. The free radicals such as ·OH and ·H of iron and carbon capture organic matter and convert it into CO2, etc. The iron-carbon micro-electrolysis product is Fe. 3+ Co-flocculation with silicate hydration products (CSH) captures phosphate and ammonium ions in water, generating Ca-Fe-P sediments with smaller solubility products. Simultaneously, silicate hydration products block Fe precipitated from sponge iron. 2+ / 3+ The water-soluble substances prevent an increase in the total iron concentration in the water. Sponge iron and basalt gravel, used as a single-grade filter media, ensure a porosity of approximately 15% for the block material. The first through-hole and the central cavity provide habitat for microorganisms and amphibians.

[0060] The turtle-back shaped masonry blocks were applied as permeable filter dams in a farmland drainage ditch at a river and lake restoration base in Jiangsu Province. The ditch is 3.75m wide and normally 0.6m deep. Three permeable filter dams were constructed using turtle-back shaped masonry blocks to intercept and purify the farmland drainage. During the rice season from June to October 2025, continuous monitoring was conducted for 160 days. The average removal rates of COD, nitrate, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus before and after the filter dams were 24.2%, 60.1%, 52.6%, and 83.2%, respectively. Based on the volume of the turtle-back shaped masonry blocks in the permeable filter dams, the volumetric removal rates of pollutants were 569.3 g / (m³·d), 199.1 g / (m³·d), and 19.6 g / (m³·d), respectively, which are far higher than those of traditional water purification fillers such as gravel and ceramsite. The water quality improvement effect of the turtle-back permeable filter dams is significant. The surface of the turtle-back shaped building blocks was rich in microbial communities, with a diversity index reaching 6.26. Simultaneous detection of the bacterial community included Acidobacteria (…). Acidobacteriota Abundance 7.8%), Labyrinthaceae ( Ignavibacteriota Abundance 5.6%), Bacteroidetes ( BacteroidotaFunctional bacteria, including those with an abundance of 3.9%, formed metabolic synergies with the core autotrophic denitrifying bacteria, enhancing the nutrient removal effect of farmland runoff. Simultaneously, the total iron concentration in the water downstream of the turtle-back block filter dam was only 0.039 mg / L, a 9.2% reduction compared to farmland runoff, and lower than the total iron standard limit (0.3 mg / L) specified in the supplementary items of the "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard GB3838-2002". Therefore, the turtle-back block has a function of blocking iron solubles. Furthermore, observations of aquatic animals such as frogs and crabs inhabiting the horizontal holes of the turtle-back block also indicate a good ecological restoration effect.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A tortoise-shell shaped building block, characterized in that, include: The first arc-shaped body has a certain thickness and a first through hole is opened in the arc-shaped wall; the second arc-shaped body is mirror-symmetrical to the first arc-shaped body. The connector is a rectangular column with a first through hole on its side wall, used to connect the end faces of the first and second arc surfaces to form an annular column structure with a central cavity.

2. The turtle-back type block according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turtle-back shaped block has a second through hole in the height direction, which is used to connect multiple turtle-back shaped blocks vertically to form a stacked structure.

3. The turtle-back type block according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The material of the turtle-back type block is obtained by reacting environmental mineral mixture with water and molding; the environmental mineral mixture includes gel material, aggregate and water-reducing agent; the gel material is made of silicate cement and biochar powder, with a mass fraction of 20-30 parts; the aggregate is made of sponge iron ore and basalt gravel mixed according to gradation, with a mass fraction of 70-80 parts.

4. The turtle-back type block according to claim 3, characterized in that, By weight, the amount of gel material is 20-25 parts, and the amount of graded aggregate is 70-75 parts.

5. The turtle-back type block according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mass percentage of silicate cement in the gel material is not less than 50%; the particle size of the biochar powder is 300-500 mesh.

6. The turtle-back type block according to claim 3, characterized in that, The equivalent particle size of the sponge iron ore and basalt gravel in the graded aggregate is 10-30 mm, wherein the mass percentage of sponge iron ore is not less than 60%.

7. The turtle-back type block according to claim 3, characterized in that, The molding method includes: placing the reacted environmental mineral mixture into a mold hopper at a compression ratio of 10-15%, and molding it by static pressure or vibration; wherein, the static pressure process has a pressure of about 3-5 MPa and a pressing time of 20-30 s; the vibration process uses a flat plate to vibrate at a frequency of 30-50 Hz and a vibration time of 30-45 s.

8. A water purification filter dam or ecological slope protection, characterized in that, The water purification dam or ecological slope protection is formed by stacking multiple layers of turtle-back block arrays to form an upright or sloping structure; wherein, the turtle-back block array is composed of multiple adjacent turtle-back blocks as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. The water purification dam or ecological slope protection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The turtle-back block array is connected vertically by a connecting rod inserted into the second through hole.

10. The application of the water purification dam or ecological slope protection as described in claim 8 or 9 in water purification and as a habitat for aquatic plants and animals.

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