An aerial floating imaging optical path design method, system and device

Abstract

This invention discloses an optical path design method, system and device for aerial levitation imaging, belonging to the field of aerial levitation imaging technology, including the following steps: (a) calibrating the optimal receiving angle of the lens; (b) configuring a narrow-angle image source; (c) performance verification iteration, reducing stray light from the light source and reducing energy consumption, improving the clarity of the image, improving the image contrast, and making the system installation more compact, suitable for use on devices for different purposes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aerial levitation imaging technology, and specifically to an aerial levitation imaging optical path design method, system, and device. Background Technology

[0002] Imaging flat-panel lenses, capable of forming real images in mid-air without the need for a supporting medium, hold significant potential in contactless interaction, healthcare, and exhibitions. However, they have long been limited by a core challenge that has not yet been systematically resolved: angular mismatch in the optical system. Imaging flat-panel lenses are typically composed of periodic micro- and nano-structures, and their imaging efficiency is highly sensitive to the angle of incident light. There exists an optimal imaging receiving angle range θ_lens, usually within ±30° to ±40°. Within this range, light is efficiently modulated to form a clear primary image. However, light rays outside this range at large angles cannot be properly modulated and are converted into stray light, resulting in blurred images, ghosting, and halos.

[0003] Currently, most products on the market use conventional OLEDs or LCDs with extremely wide emission angles (≥±80°) as image sources, leading to the following drawbacks: over 50% of the light emitted at excessively wide angles becomes ineffective energy, resulting in significant light energy waste; these wide-angle rays produce undesirable optical effects inside the lens, becoming the direct physical source of stray light; system design is caught in a contradiction between adding light-blocking structures or sacrificing lens performance to suppress stray light, making it difficult to balance "brightness preservation" and "stray light reduction." Existing technologies consistently address backend issues under the premise of a "defined wide light source," such as adding light-blocking elements or algorithmic compensation, improving only the range of the light source's emission angle distribution, resulting in high heat generation in imaging devices but limited display brightness.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a solution to address the problem of stray light at large angles by conditioning the image source, in order to overcome the imaging and heat generation problems caused by angle mismatch. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a method for designing an aerial levitation imaging optical path, which solves the problems of large stray beams and high energy consumption in existing levitation imaging optical paths.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for designing an optical path for aerial levitation imaging includes the following steps: (a) Determine the optimal receiving angle of the calibrated lens: A test display screen with a light emission angle covering ±90° is used to generate test images through an imaging flat lens; the imaging clarity and light energy efficiency are measured at different incident angles, and the maximum incident angle range with imaging quality of MTF≥0.6 and light energy efficiency≥80% is defined as θ_lens, where MTF refers to modulation transfer function; (b) Configure a narrow-view image source: The full width at half maximum (FWHM) emission angle θ_display of the image source is designed based on θ_lens, satisfying θ_display≤θ_lens; the image source includes microlenses, and when θ_display>θ_lens, the constraint relationship θ_display≤θ_lens is satisfied by adjusting the microlens parameters. (c) Performance verification iteration: The system angle matching degree M is calculated as effective imaging luminous flux / total outgoing luminous flux. If M < 85%, repeat steps (a)-(b) until M ≥ 85%, thereby reducing stray light from the light source and lowering energy consumption, thus improving the clarity of the image.

[0007] Furthermore, adjusting the microlens parameters in step (b) includes: Adjust the radius of curvature R of the microlens, 20μm ≤ R ≤ 100μm, where R is inversely proportional to θ_display; Alternatively, adjust the microlens height H, ensuring 10μm ≤ H ≤ 50μm; Alternatively, the microlens arrangement period P can be adjusted, where P = pixel size × 1.0~1.2, to ensure the emission angle relationship through precise microlens physical parameters.

[0008] Furthermore, in step (a), when calibrating θ_lens: the light energy efficiency is calculated through the illuminance distribution on the imaging surface, satisfying the requirement that the illuminance uniformity in the central region is ≥90%; the MTF is measured at a spatial frequency of 10 lp / mm to accurately check the uniformity of illuminance and ensure the clarity of the image.

[0009] The second objective of this invention is to provide an aerial levitation imaging system that solves the problems of non-compact installation structure, unclear imaging, and insufficient heat dissipation in existing levitation imaging systems.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An aerial levitation imaging system, implemented by the aerial levitation imaging optical path design method described above, includes an image source, an imaging flat lens, and a cover plate. The image source is a mini-LED display screen with a microlens array, whose horizontal full-width emission angle θ_display satisfies θ_display ≤ θ_lens, thereby achieving clear levitation imaging. Furthermore, the imaging flat lens is a microlens array or a diffractive optical element, with a surface distribution of microstructures with a period of 50-500 μm. The cover plate and the imaging flat lens are fully bonded together by OCA optical adhesive, and an anti-reflective coating is provided on the outer surface of the cover plate.

[0011] The θ_display of the image source satisfies 0.8θ_lens ≤ θ_display ≤ θ_lens.

[0012] The θ_lens of the imaging flat lens is calibrated as follows: the light transmittance is ≥80% within the ±θ_lens angle range, and the transmittance is ≤10% outside the θ_lens region; the refractive index of the OCA optical adhesive is 1.48-1.52, and the refractive index of the cover plate is 1.45-1.55, which reduces stray light entry and improves light transmittance.

[0013] Furthermore, the image source includes the following components stacked sequentially: Mini LED backlight panel, containing an array of mini LED chips, used to provide basic light emission; An array of microlenses is located on the light-emitting side of the mini LED backlight panel. Each microlens corresponds to a mini LED chip and is used to collimate the emitted light from the mini LED chip. The first polarizing mirror is located on the side of the array microlens layer away from the mini LED backlight panel; A thin-film transistor layer, located on the side of the first polarizer away from the array microlens layer, is used to control the switching and brightness of each pixel; A color filter layer, located on the side of the thin-film transistor layer away from the first polarizer, is used to form a color image; The second polarizer is located on the side of the color filter layer away from the thin-film transistor layer; wherein the horizontal full width at half maximum (FWHM) emission angle θ_display of the image source satisfies: θ_display ≤ θ_lens, thereby improving the stability of the light source and reducing the overall volume.

[0014] Preferably, the mini-LED chip size is ≤100μm; the stray light intensity of the system is ≤5% of the brightness of the main image, thereby improving image clarity.

[0015] Preferably, the array microlens layer is made of high-transmittance silicone, the mini LED chip is a monochrome chip and is driven by an active matrix; the first polarizer and the second polarizer are linear polarizers with polarization directions perpendicular to each other, used to control the rotation of liquid crystal molecules to achieve image display.

[0016] The third objective of this invention is to provide a method for designing an aerial levitation imaging optical path, which solves the problems of cumbersome steps and low efficiency in existing flux application processes.

[0017] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An aerial levitation imaging device, including the aforementioned aerial levitation imaging system, reduces the physical object through levitation imaging, making it more convenient for users to use.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) This aerial levitation imaging optical path design method uses an angle matching design method to calibrate θ_lens and constrain θ_display≤θ_lens. In conjunction with adjusting parameters such as the curvature radius and arrangement period of the microlenses, it avoids the generation of a large number of ineffective large-angle light rays in traditional wide light sources from the image source end, thereby improving the image clarity, reducing light energy consumption, and reducing heat generation. Compared with the existing combination scheme of wide light source and back-end light blocking, the light energy utilization rate is significantly improved by achieving an angle matching degree M≥85%. Under the same power consumption, the perceived brightness of the levitation real image is improved, solving the problems of high heat generation and low brightness in traditional technologies.

[0019] (2) This aerial levitation imaging optical path design method relies on angle-coordinated design to precisely match θ_display and θ_lens, and uses an imaging flat lens to meet the characteristics of "θ_lens internal transmittance ≥80% and external transmittance ≤10%". The connection method of the cover plate with OCA adhesive fully bonded eliminates stray light in the transmission. Compared with the defects of existing technology where stray light intensity accounts for too much of the brightness of the main image, the stray light intensity of this invention is ≤5% of the brightness of the main image; at the same time, the cover plate surface is not coated with an anti-reflective coating, which improves the contrast of the image, makes the background of the levitation main image clean without ghosting or halo, and significantly optimizes the image clarity and contrast.

[0020] (3) The aerial levitation imaging system does not require the additional anti-stray light film and complex light-blocking structure of the prior art. It adopts an integrated structure of OCA optical adhesive to fully bond the imaging flat lens and the cover plate. The image source adopts a stacked light-emitting filter structure, which greatly simplifies the design and assembly process of the optical system. Compared with the problems of high cost, low yield and poor reliability caused by the stacking of multiple components in the prior art, the present invention reduces the cost of optical auxiliary materials, reduces the performance fluctuation caused by assembly errors, and can be installed in a hidden manner. The image source cannot be observed by the user, which improves environmental adaptability and broadens the application scenarios of aerial levitation imaging technology. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 The optical microstructure diagram of the imaging flat panel provided by this invention; Figure 2 The imaging flat plate reflection shaping image provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the aerial levitation imaging system provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This invention provides an imaging principle diagram of an aerial levitation imaging system. Figure 5 A comparative diagram illustrating the light emission of a conventional display screen and a narrow-viewing-angle display screen provided for this invention; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a narrow-view image source display screen provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a method for designing an optical path for aerial levitation imaging, including the following steps: (a) Determine the optimal receiving angle of the calibrated lens: A test display screen with a light emission angle covering ±90° is used to generate test images through an imaging flat lens; the imaging sharpness and light energy efficiency of the imaging flat lens are measured at different incident angles, and the maximum incident angle range with imaging quality of MTF≥0.6 and light energy efficiency≥80% is defined as θ_lens, where MTF refers to modulation transfer function; (b) Configure a narrow-view image source: The full width at half maximum (FWHM) emission angle θ_display of the image source is designed based on θ_lens, satisfying θ_display≤θ_lens; the image source includes microlenses, and when θ_display>θ_lens, the constraint relationship θ_display≤θ_lens is satisfied by adjusting the microlens parameters. (c) Performance verification iteration: The system angle matching degree M is calculated as effective imaging luminous flux / total outgoing luminous flux. If M < 85%, steps (a)-(b) are repeated until M ≥ 85%, thus improving the light energy utilization rate. This avoids the generation of ineffective large-angle light rays from the source, increasing the overall light energy utilization rate of the system from less than 50% in the traditional scheme to over 85%, achieving efficient energy utilization. Since the physical source of stray light is eliminated, the measured stray light intensity can be reduced by more than 80% compared to the traditional wide light source scheme, resulting in a clean background for the suspended main image and significantly improved imaging clarity. Under the same display power consumption, the perceived brightness of the suspended real image can be increased by 50%-100%. Conversely, when achieving the same perceived brightness, the total power consumption of the system can be reduced by 30%-50%, demonstrating significant energy-saving effects. Extremely low stray light background makes the black areas of the image darker and the bright areas brighter, increasing the contrast ratio from 500:1 to over 1500:1; eliminating the need for additional anti-stray light films or complex light-blocking structures simplifies optical design and assembly processes, reduces material and production costs, and improves product reliability and yield.

[0024] Further, adjusting the microlens parameters in step (b) includes: Adjust the radius of curvature R of the microlens, 20μm ≤ R ≤ 100μm, where R is inversely proportional to θ_display; Alternatively, adjust the microlens height H, ensuring 10μm ≤ H ≤ 50μm; Alternatively, adjust the microlens arrangement period P, where P = pixel size × 1.0~1.2.

[0025] When calibrating θ_lens in step (a): the light energy efficiency is calculated by the illuminance distribution on the imaging surface, and the illuminance uniformity in the central area is ≥90%; the MTF is measured at a spatial frequency of 10 lp / mm.

[0026] The detailed process of the optical path design method for aerial levitation imaging is as follows: Calibrate the optimal receiving angle θ_lens of the imaging flat panel lens: A diffractive optical element type imaging flat panel lens with a surface microstructure period of 200μm is selected. A test display screen with a emission angle of ±90° is used. Test images are generated through the imaging flat panel lens. The MTF values ​​at different incident angles are measured at a spatial frequency of 10 lp / mm. Simultaneously, the illuminance distribution on the imaging surface is calculated, requiring a central area illuminance uniformity ≥90%. The maximum incident angle range satisfying "MTF ≥ 0.6 and light efficiency ≥ 80%" is finally calibrated as θ_lens = ±35°. Configure a narrow-view image source: The image source uses a mini-LED display screen. The mini-LED backlight panel consists of monochrome chips, 80μm in size, with an array spacing of 100μm. The array microlens layer is made of high-transmittance silicone, with 96% transmittance and a refractive index of 1.45. Each microlens corresponds one-to-one with a mini-LED chip. The radius of curvature R of the microlens is adjusted to 50μm, the height H to 30μm, and the arrangement period P = mini LED. Chip pitch × 1.1 = 110μm; Testing revealed that the horizontal full-width emission angle θ_display of the image source was ±32°, i.e., 0.8 × 35° = 28° ≤ 32° ≤ 35°, satisfying the requirement of 0.8θ_lens ≤ θ_display ≤ θ_lens. The aerial levitation imaging system was assembled: the imaging flat lens and cover plate were fully bonded together using OCA adhesive; the outer surface of the cover plate was covered with a 450-650nm anti-reflective coating; the system angle matching degree M = effective imaging luminous flux / total outgoing luminous flux = 88%, which is greater than the required 85%. Performance testing was conducted after installation.

[0027] Example 2 This embodiment also discloses an aerial levitation optical path system, which is implemented by an aerial levitation imaging optical path design method. It includes an image source, an imaging flat lens and a cover plate. The image source is a mini-LED display screen of a microlens array, and its horizontal full-width emission angle θ_display satisfies θ_display ≤ θ_lens, where θ_lens is the optimal receiving angle of the imaging flat lens. Furthermore, the imaging flat lens is a microlens array or a diffractive optical element, with a surface distribution of microstructures with a period of 50-500 μm. Furthermore, the cover plate and the imaging flat lens are fully bonded together using OCA optical adhesive, which eliminates air gaps and improves light transmittance. The outer surface of the cover plate is covered with an anti-reflective coating, specifically an AR coating, which reduces surface reflection and the amount of stray light introduced during reflection. OCA optical adhesive (Optically Clear Adhesive) is an optically transparent adhesive used to bond transparent optical elements. It has a substrate-free double-sided adhesive tape structure, and lamination is achieved through a release film. It has a light transmittance of over 99% and features high adhesive strength, low shrinkage, anti-whitening properties, and room temperature to medium temperature curing characteristics.

[0028] Furthermore, the image source's θ_display satisfies 0.8θ_lens ≤ θ_display ≤ θ_lens; the mini-LED chip size is ≤100μm; and the system stray light intensity is ≤5% of the main image brightness.

[0029] Preferably, the θ_lens of the imaging flat lens is calibrated as follows: the light transmittance is ≥80% within the ±θ_lens angle range, and the transmittance outside the θ_lens is ≤10%; the refractive index of the OCA optical adhesive is 1.48-1.52, the refractive index of the cover plate is 1.45-1.55, and the difference between the refractive index of the OCA optical adhesive and the refractive index of the lens cover plate is ≤0.05.

[0030] Furthermore, the image sources include those set up in sequence: Mini LED backlight panel, containing an array of mini LED chips, used as the basic light-emitting unit; An array of microlenses is located on the light-emitting side of the mini LED backlight panel. Each microlens corresponds to a mini LED chip and is used to collimate the emitted light from the mini LED chip. The first polarizer is located on the side of the array microlens layer away from the mini LED backlight panel; A thin-film transistor (TFT) layer, located on the side of the first polarizer away from the array microlens layer, is used to control the switching and brightness of each pixel; A color filter layer, located on the side of the thin-film transistor layer away from the first polarizer, is used to form a color image; The second polarizer is located on the side of the color filter layer away from the thin-film transistor layer; wherein, the horizontal full width at half maximum (FWHM) emission angle θ_display of the image source satisfies: θ_display ≤ θ_lens.

[0031] Preferably, the array microlens layer is made of high-transmittance silicone with a transmittance ≥95% and a refractive index of 1.4-1.5. Each microlens has a radius of curvature R = 20-100 μm, a height H = 10-50 μm, and an arrangement period P = mini LED chip spacing × 1.0-1.2. The mini LED chips are monochrome chips driven by an active matrix. The first polarizer and the second polarizer are linear polarizers with polarization directions perpendicular to each other, used to control the rotation of liquid crystal molecules to achieve image display.

[0032] The optical performance comparison test of angle-matched matching was conducted. The experimental setup conditions were completely consistent, except for the image source. All test conditions, including ambient illumination, test distance, and imaging content, were completely identical.

[0033] Table 1-1 Experimental Conditions Table 1-2 Test Results The experimental results show that the traditional wide light source (control group) has a light energy utilization rate of less than 50% and stray light as high as 18% due to angle mismatch. Experimental group 1 of this invention improves the light energy utilization rate to 83% and reduces stray light to 6% by satisfying θ_display ≤ θ_lens. Experimental group 2 of this invention further improves the light energy utilization rate to 91%, reduces stray light to 2.5%, increases the contrast ratio to 2100:1, reduces power consumption by nearly 50%, and increases the brightness of the suspended image by more than 100%.

[0034] Example 3 This embodiment discloses an aerial levitation imaging device in the medical and health field. In response to the need for contactless operation in the operating room, the aerial levitation imaging system is integrated into the surgical navigation device to display images of patient lesions and surgical path planning maps in a levitation manner, avoiding cross-infection caused by medical staff touching the device. At the same time, it must meet the requirements of high brightness and low stray light in the surgical environment.

[0035] Parameters were adjusted for medical scenarios: the imaging flat lens was made of a sterile material such as a quartz substrate with diffractive optical microstructures, the period of the surface microstructures was adjusted to 150μm, and θ_lens=±32° was recalibrated to ensure that MTF≥0.6 is still met under the strong light of the operating lamp. Image source: The mini-LED chip size is reduced to 60μm, and the radius of curvature of the array microlens is R=40μm, which makes θ_display=±28° and improves image resolution; Cover plate: Made of scratch-resistant and wear-resistant sapphire material, with matching OCA adhesive with a refractive index of 1.52, and an antibacterial coating added. The customized imaging system is connected to the surgical navigation host and the medical image database is accessed through the thin-film transistor layer driving module to achieve real-time floating display of lesion images; a brightness adjustment knob is added to automatically adjust the mini-LED luminous power according to the light intensity of the surgical environment to ensure that the brightness of the floating image remains constant under different lighting conditions.

[0036] Example 4 This embodiment discloses a vehicle-mounted aerial levitation imaging device. Designed for vehicle driving scenarios, a compact aerial levitation HUD is used to levit and display navigation routes, vehicle speed, warning information, etc., at a distance of 1.2-1.5m in front of the windshield. It meets the following requirements: clear visibility in strong light environment, low power consumption compatible with vehicle 12V power supply, strong shock resistance, and stray light does not interfere with the driver's line of sight.

[0037] Imaging flat panel lens: It adopts a lightweight microlens array with a surface microstructure period of 180μm. Considering the space constraints of vehicle installation, the lens size is designed to be 150mm×80mm. The θ_lens is recalibrated to ±30° to ensure that the internal transmittance of θ_lens is ≥82% and the external transmittance is ≤8% within the vehicle temperature range of -40℃ to 85℃, and the MTF is ≥0.6.

[0038] Image source: mini-LED display screen, size 120mm×60mm; Mini LED chip: 50μm in size, reducing size and power consumption, monochrome chip, active matrix drive; Array microlens layer: high temperature resistant silicone, temperature range -40℃~100℃, microlens parameter adjustment: radius of curvature R=35μm, height H=25μm, arrangement period P = chip spacing × 1.05=84μm, so that θ_display=±26° (; The polarizing filter is UV-protected, blocking ultraviolet rays and preventing it from aging under strong light.

[0039] The cover is made of impact-resistant PC material, with OCA adhesive having a refractive index of 1.51 and a thickness of 80μm; the anti-reflective coating extends to the 400-700nm wavelength band, covering the full spectrum of ambient light in the vehicle.

[0040] The outer shell is made of one piece of aluminum alloy with built-in shock-absorbing pads; the power module converts the vehicle's 12V voltage to 5V output, with power controlled between 12-15W to match the vehicle's power load; the image synchronization module connects to the vehicle navigation and on-board computer via CAN bus to achieve real-time synchronized display of vehicle speed and navigation information, with a fixed floating imaging distance of 1.3m; it uses a light sensor to collect ambient light intensity and automatically adjusts the brightness of the mini-LED according to the ambient light intensity to avoid the problems of not being able to see in strong light or being glaring in low light.

[0041] The aerial levitation imaging system can also be used in consumer electronics and smart home devices.

[0042] Based on the disclosure and teachings of the foregoing specification, those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and any modifications and changes to the present invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of explanation and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing an optical path for aerial levitation imaging, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: (a) Determine the optimal receiving angle of the calibrated lens: A test display screen with a light emission angle covering ±90° is used to generate test images through an imaging flat lens; the imaging clarity and light energy efficiency are measured at different incident angles, and the maximum incident angle range with imaging quality of MTF≥0.6 and light energy efficiency≥80% is defined as θ_lens, where MTF refers to modulation transfer function; (b) Configure a narrow-view image source: The full width at half maximum (FWHM) emission angle θ_display of the image source is designed based on θ_lens, satisfying θ_display≤θ_lens; the image source includes microlenses, and when θ_display>θ_lens, the constraint relationship θ_display≤θ_lens is satisfied by adjusting the microlens parameters. (c) Performance verification iteration: Calculate the system angle matching degree M = effective imaging luminous flux / total outgoing luminous flux; if M < 85%, repeat steps (a) - (b) until M ≥ 85%.

2. The aerial levitation imaging optical path design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Adjusting the microlens parameters in step (b) includes: Adjust the radius of curvature R of the microlens, 20μm ≤ R ≤ 100μm, where R is inversely proportional to θ_display; Alternatively, adjust the microlens height H, ensuring 10μm ≤ H ≤ 50μm; Alternatively, adjust the microlens arrangement period P, where P = pixel size × 1.0~1.

2.

3. The aerial levitation imaging optical path design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (a), when calibrating θ_lens: the light energy efficiency is calculated by the illuminance distribution of the imaging surface, and the illuminance uniformity of the central region is ≥90%; the MTF is measured at a spatial frequency of 10 lp / mm.

4. An aerial levitation imaging system, characterized in that: The method for designing an aerial levitation imaging optical path according to any one of claims 1-3 includes an image source, an imaging flat lens, and a cover plate. The image source is a mini-LED display screen of a microlens array, and its horizontal full-width emission angle θ_display satisfies θ_display ≤ θ_lens. The imaging flat lens is a microlens array or a diffractive optical element, with a surface distribution of microstructures with a period of 50-500 μm. The cover plate and the imaging flat lens are fully bonded together by OCA optical adhesive, and an anti-reflective coating is provided on the outer surface of the cover plate.

5. The aerial levitation imaging system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The θ_display of the image source satisfies 0.8θ_lens ≤ θ_display ≤ θ_lens.

6. The aerial levitation imaging system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The θ_lens of the imaging flat lens is calibrated as follows: the light transmittance is ≥80% within the ±θ_lens angle range, and the transmittance is ≤10% outside the θ_lens region; the refractive index of the OCA optical adhesive is 1.48-1.52, and the refractive index of the cover plate is 1.45-1.

55.

7. The aerial levitation imaging system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The image sources include those arranged in a stacked manner: Mini LED backlight panel, containing an array of mini LED chips, used to provide basic light emission; An array of microlenses is located on the light-emitting side of the mini LED backlight panel. Each microlens corresponds one-to-one with the mini LED chip and is used to collimate the emitted light from the mini LED chip. The first polarizing mirror is located on the side of the array microlens layer away from the mini LED backlight panel; A thin-film transistor layer, located on the side of the first polarizer away from the array microlens layer, is used to control the switching and brightness of each pixel; A color filter layer, located on the side of the thin-film transistor layer away from the first polarizer, is used to form a color image; The second polarizer is located on the side of the color filter layer away from the thin-film transistor layer; wherein the horizontal full width at half maximum (FWHM) emission angle θ_display of the image source satisfies: θ_display ≤ θ_lens.

8. The aerial levitation imaging system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mini-LED chip size is ≤100μm; the stray light intensity of the system is ≤5% of the main image brightness.

9. The aerial levitation imaging system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The array microlens layer is made of high-transmittance silicone, and the mini LED chip is a monochrome chip driven by an active matrix. The first polarizer and the second polarizer are linear polarizers with their polarization directions perpendicular to each other, used to control the rotation of liquid crystal molecules to achieve image display.

10. An aerial levitation imaging device, characterized in that, Includes the aerial levitation imaging system according to any one of claims 4-9.

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