Telemetry systems and methods
By designing a rotating transmitter and a fixed receiver, and combining adaptive diversity synthesis and blind equalization techniques, the signal fading and multipath interference problems of the telemetry system for high-speed rotating components were solved, achieving highly reliable and efficient telemetry data transmission.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING TIANCHEN HECHUANG TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing telemetry systems are prone to interruption during testing of high-speed rotating components, are difficult to adapt to dynamic channels, suffer from severe signal fading, have low transmission reliability, are subject to severe multipath interference, and traditional equalization algorithms have slow convergence speed and limited anti-fading effect.
The design employs a rotating transmitter and a fixed receiver, combined with signal acquisition and processing modules, adaptive diversity synthesis processing, and blind equalization technology. By dynamically weighting and merging signals, multipath interference is eliminated, and efficient coding and modulation technology is used to achieve high code rate and low bit error rate transmission of signals.
In scenarios with rotation speeds ≤3000r/min, the signal reception success rate is improved to over 98%, the bit error rate is reduced to below 10⁻⁷, and the multipath interference cancellation rate is ≥95%, meeting the requirements for high-precision and high-speed rotation testing.
Smart Images
Figure CN122372372A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of telemetry technology, and in particular to a telemetry system and method suitable for close-range testing of high-speed rotating components. Background Technology
[0002] Performance testing of high-speed rotating components such as helicopter main rotors, tail rotors, and thrust rotors requires real-time acquisition of multi-dimensional parameters such as stress and vibration. This is a crucial step in the research and development and reliability assessment of related equipment. However, the traditional telemetry systems currently in use have the following technical limitations: First, high-speed rotation causes periodic and drastic changes in antenna attitude, resulting in deep and rapid signal fading. The signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver fluctuates wildly, leading to a high probability of transmission interruption. Second, there is complex multipath propagation between the rotating component and the fixed receiver, such as reflection from the cabin skin and scattering from cables, resulting in severe signal distortion. Traditional equalization algorithms have slow convergence speeds and are difficult to adapt to dynamic channels. Third, existing diversity synthesis techniques mostly rely on static channel estimation, which leads to lag in weighting coefficient updates in high-speed dynamic scenarios, resulting in limited anti-fading effects.
[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a reliable telemetry solution that integrates aggregation and blind equalization technologies and is suitable for close-range high-speed rotation scenarios. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a telemetry system and method to solve the problems of easy interruption and difficulty in adapting to dynamic channels and high-speed dynamic scenarios in existing telemetry schemes.
[0005] To achieve a reliable telemetry solution adapted to close-range high-speed rotation scenarios, this invention provides a telemetry system suitable for close-range testing of high-speed rotating components; the telemetry system includes a rotating transmitter and a fixed receiver; wherein, The rotating transmitter includes a target rotating component, a signal acquisition and processing module, and a transmitting antenna; The signal acquisition and processing module is used to acquire and process the test parameters of the target rotating component, and radiate the processed test data outward through the transmitting antenna; The fixed receiving end includes a receiving antenna, a signal optimization module, and a data processing module; The receiving antenna is used to receive the test data, and the signal optimization module is used to perform adaptive diversity synthesis processing and blind equalization processing on the test data to obtain processed data. The data processing module is used to output corresponding telemetry data based on the processed data.
[0006] Furthermore, an optional technical solution is that the signal acquisition and processing module includes a signal acquisition module, a signal conditioning module, and a coding and modulation module; wherein, The signal acquisition module is used to acquire multi-dimensional test parameters of the target rotating component at a preset frequency; The signal conditioning module is used to amplify, filter, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the test parameters to obtain a conditioned signal; The encoding and modulation module is used to perform error control on the conditioning signal through TPC encoding and to obtain the corresponding radio frequency signal as the test data through FM modulation.
[0007] Alternatively, the signal acquisition module may include an array of vibration sensors, acceleration sensors, and strain gauges.
[0008] In addition, an optional technical solution is that the signal optimization module includes a down-conversion module, an adaptive diversity synthesis module, a blind equalization module, and a demodulation module; wherein, The downconversion module is used to perform agile frequency conversion processing on the test data and output a digital baseband signal; The adaptive aggregation synthesis module is used to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate of the baseband signal in real time, and to calculate the quality weight of each channel using the entropy weight method. Based on the weight, the baseband signals are merged to obtain the synthesized signal. The blind equalization module is used to equalize the synthesized signal and obtain the compensated equalized signal. The demodulation module is used to perform FM demodulation and TPC decoding on the equalization signal to obtain the processed data.
[0009] In addition, an optional technical solution is that the process of obtaining the synthesized signal according to the adaptive aggregation synthesis module includes: Calculate the signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate of the baseband signal for each receiving antenna in real time; Based on the entropy weighting method, the signal-to-noise ratio and the bit error rate are fused to construct a signal quality evaluation index; Based on the evaluation index, the weighting coefficients of the entropy weighting method are dynamically updated using the least mean square error algorithm, and the weighting coefficients satisfy... =1, i takes values 1, 2, 3...m, where m is the number of receiving antennas; According to the weighting coefficients, the baseband signals of each receiving antenna are weighted and combined to output a composite signal that resists fading.
[0010] Alternatively, an optional technical solution is that the update formula for the weighting coefficients is: ; The formula for the synthesized signal is: ; in, The weighting coefficients are for the i-th receiving antenna signal branch. The error signal between the synthesized signal and the ideal signal is given by μ, where μ is the step size factor. The weighting coefficients are the updated weighting coefficients for the i-th received antenna signal. This is the baseband input signal for the i-th receiving antenna signal branch. Let m be a discrete time point, and m be the number of receiving antennas.
[0011] Furthermore, an optional technical solution is that the blind equalization module includes a feedforward filter, a decision unit, a feedback filter, and a momentum term optimization unit; wherein, The feedforward filter is used to cancel forward multipath interference in the synthesized signal; The decision unit is used to make a decision on the signal output by the feedforward filter; The feedback filter is used to cancel the backward multipath interference of the synthesized signal; The momentum term optimization unit is used to introduce a momentum factor β, update the weight vector of the feedforward filter based on the introduced momentum factor β, and output the equalization signal after iterative convergence.
[0012] In addition, an optional technical solution is that the process of obtaining the compensated equalization signal according to the blind equalization module includes: The synthesized signal is received through the feedforward filter, and a signal is output: ;in, Let be the delay line tap vector of the synthesized signal, representing the received signal at the current time and the previous N time steps. Let the order of the feedforward filter be denoted as . Let be the weight vector of the feedforward filter, with dimension AND. Consistent; The decision-maker makes a decision on the signal y(k) and outputs a signal. ; The signal is processed by the feedback filter. Process and output signal ;in, , Let the order of the feedback filter be . For the front A vector consisting of the decision values at each time step; Obtain the error between the output signal of the feedforward filter and the output signal of the feedback filter. ,in The output of the feedforward filter, R is the output of the feedback filter. x The ideal squared value of the signal amplitude; Update the weight vector. , where β is the momentum factor, used to accelerate convergence and suppress oscillations based on the previous change in weight; For discrete time points, μ is the step size factor used to control the magnitude of a single weight update; For error, For synthesized signals; Finally, output the equalization signal. At this point, the error , .
[0013] Alternatively, an optional technical solution is to provide at least two receiving antennas, with the at least two receiving antennas covering the full attitude angle range of the target rotating component.
[0014] On the other hand, the present invention provides a telemetry method for performing telemetry using the aforementioned telemetry system; wherein, the method includes: Based on the structure of the target rotating component and the testing requirements, determine the layout and installation location of the signal acquisition module; The test parameters of the target rotating component are acquired and processed by the signal acquisition and processing module, and the processed test data is radiated outward through the transmitting antenna. The test data is received by the receiving antenna, and the test data is subjected to adaptive diversity synthesis processing and blind equalization processing by the signal optimization module to obtain processed data. The data processing module outputs corresponding telemetry data based on the processed data.
[0015] Using the telemetry system and method provided by the present invention, a rotating transmitter and a fixed receiver are set up. The rotating transmitter integrates a transmitting antenna and a high-speed signal acquisition module. The receiver adopts a spatial diversity reception architecture, which integrates adaptive diversity synthesis processing and blind equalization processing. It can suppress fading interference through dynamic and fast weighted diversity synthesis and eliminate multipath distortion by using a decision feedback blind equalization algorithm with a driving quantity term. Combined with efficient coding and modulation technology, it can achieve high code rate and low bit error rate transmission in scenarios with rotation speed ≤3000r / min, meeting the high-precision and high-speed rotation test requirements of aerospace, industrial equipment, etc., thereby solving the technical problems of deep signal fading, severe multipath interference, and low transmission reliability caused by drastic changes in antenna attitude in high-speed rotation scenarios.
[0016] Understandably, the method described in the first aspect above can be used to execute the corresponding method in the first aspect provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effects it can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding method provided above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of the rotating transmitter according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic block diagram of the fixed receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the workflow of the sub-assembly synthesis module in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the blind equalization module in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a telemetry method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0018] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B; the "and / or" in this text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone.
[0020] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. Furthermore, to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in the embodiments of the present invention to distinguish identical or similar items with substantially the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art will understand that the terms "first," "second," etc., do not limit the quantity or execution order, and that "first," "second," etc., do not necessarily imply differences.
[0021] In this embodiment of the invention, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is being described as an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this embodiment of the invention should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner to facilitate understanding.
[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0023] This invention provides a telemetry system. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diagram shown is a logic block diagram of a telemetry system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including a schematic structure of a rotating transmitter and a fixed receiver.
[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the telemetry system of this invention is suitable for close-range testing of high-speed rotating components. The telemetry system includes a rotating transmitter and a fixed receiver. The rotating transmitter can rotate synchronously with the target rotating component to complete the acquisition, processing and transmission of test parameters. The fixed receiver can be distributed at fixed positions around the target rotating component to complete the reception, optimization and analysis of test data.
[0025] The rotating transmitter further includes a power supply module, a target rotating component, a signal acquisition and processing module, and a transmitting antenna. The signal acquisition and processing module is used to acquire and process the test parameters of the target rotating component and radiate the processed test data outward through the transmitting antenna. The fixed receiver further includes a receiving antenna, a signal optimization module, and a data processing module. The receiving antenna receives the test data, the signal optimization module performs adaptive diversity synthesis processing and blind equalization processing on the test data to obtain processed data, and finally the data processing module outputs the corresponding telemetry data based on the processed data.
[0026] In application, the transmitting antenna can be a miniaturized high-gain radio frequency antenna, packaged with the signal acquisition and processing module into an integrated structure, and fixed in the non-working area of the rotating target component to avoid interference with the normal operation of the rotating component. The package structure is also treated to resist shock and centrifugal force, and is adapted to the physical environment of high-speed rotation. A flexible transmitting antenna can be used, with an antenna gain of not less than 0dBi, to ensure that the signal can radiate into the airspace during rotation. The rotating transmitting end can adopt a redundant design of slip ring power supply and battery power supply. During high-speed rotation, the main module is powered by the slip ring, and the system automatically switches to battery power supply when the slip ring fails, ensuring that the telemetry system can work continuously and stably.
[0027] In addition, at least two receiving antennas can be set up in arrays of various forms, such as a ring, around the target rotating part. The placement of the receiving antennas covers the entire attitude angle range of the target rotating part, ensuring that at any rotation angle, the rotating transmitter has at least one receiving antenna that can stably receive signals. The signal optimization module and data processing module can be integrated into an industrial-grade control chassis to realize real-time signal processing and telemetry data output.
[0028] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the signal acquisition and processing module includes a signal acquisition module, a signal conditioning module, and an encoding and modulation module; wherein, the signal acquisition module is used to acquire multi-dimensional test parameters of the target rotating component according to a preset frequency; the signal conditioning module is used to amplify, filter, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the test parameters to obtain a conditioned signal; the encoding and modulation module is used to perform error control on the conditioned signal through TPC encoding and to obtain the corresponding radio frequency signal as test data through FM modulation.
[0029] The signal acquisition module includes various types of acquisition modules such as vibration sensors, accelerometers, and strain gauges arranged in an array. The array layout and installation position of the sensors and strain gauges can be determined according to the structure of the target rotating component and the testing requirements. For example, for helicopter main rotor testing, strain gauges can be attached to the root of the blade to collect stress parameters, while vibration and accelerometers are installed at the rotor hub to collect multi-dimensional vibration and acceleration parameters. For industrial high-speed shaft testing, sensor arrays can be arranged along the radial and axial directions of the shaft to collect vibration, impact, and strain parameters. In addition, the signal acquisition module collects multi-dimensional test parameters at a preset frequency, which can be flexibly configured according to testing requirements. The sampling rate can reach 2kHz, meeting the sampling requirements of high-precision testing. Furthermore, the acquisition channels of each sensor and strain gauge are synchronously calibrated to ensure the time consistency of the acquired data.
[0030] Specifically, the signal conditioning module amplifies, filters, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the weak signal output from the signal acquisition module to eliminate noise interference. First, the weak analog signal is amplified by a low-noise operational amplifier, with the amplification factor configured to a preset factor based on the amplitude of the sensor output signal. Then, an active bandpass filter removes power frequency interference and high-frequency noise from the signal, with the filter bandwidth matched to the acquisition frequency. Finally, a high-precision ADC chip performs analog-to-digital conversion with a conversion accuracy of 16 bits or higher, converting the analog signal into a digitally conditioned signal to ensure signal accuracy and effectiveness.
[0031] In addition, the encoding and modulation module can use TPC encoding (Turbo Product Code) to perform error control encoding on the conditioning signal. TPC encoding has the characteristics of high encoding efficiency and low decoding complexity, which can effectively reduce the bit error rate during signal transmission and improve transmission reliability. Then, the encoded signal is subjected to FM modulation (frequency modulation), which converts the modulated baseband signal into a radio frequency signal, and radiates it outward through the transmitting antenna as the final test signal. The baseband signal here refers to the modulated IQ digital signal, that is, the zero intermediate frequency signal. FM modulation has the characteristics of strong resistance to amplitude fading and can adapt to the signal transmission characteristics in high-speed rotation scenarios.
[0032] In addition, the signal optimization module of this embodiment may include a down-conversion module, an adaptive diversity synthesis module, a blind equalization module, and a demodulation module; wherein, the down-conversion module is used to perform agile frequency conversion processing on the test data and output a digital baseband signal; the adaptive diversity synthesis module is used to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate of the baseband signal in real time, and to calculate the quality weight of each channel using the entropy weight method, and to merge the baseband signals of each signal based on the weight to obtain a synthesized signal; the blind equalization module is used to perform equalization processing on the synthesized signal to obtain a compensated equalized signal; the demodulation module is used to perform FM demodulation and TPC decoding on the equalized signal to obtain processed data.
[0033] In addition, such as Figure 3 The flowchart of the diversity synthesis module in this embodiment of the invention shows that the process of obtaining the synthesized signal according to the adaptive diversity synthesis module may include: 1. Calculate the signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate of the baseband signal for each receiving antenna in real time; 2. Construct a signal quality evaluation index by fusing signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate based on the entropy weight method; 3. Based on the evaluation index, the weighting coefficients of the entropy weighting method are dynamically updated using the least mean square error algorithm. The weighting coefficients satisfy the following conditions: =1, i takes values 1, 2, 3...m, where m is the number of receiving antennas; 4. According to the weighting coefficients, the baseband signals of each receiving antenna are weighted and combined to output a composite signal that resists fading.
[0034] Specifically, as an example, algorithms for adaptive subset composition include: 1) After receiving the radio frequency signal, each receiving antenna processes it through mixing, filtering, sampling and conversion to form a baseband digital signal. ( Indicates the antenna serial number. (for discrete time points), providing a foundation for subsequent digital domain processing; 2) Calculate the SNR (which can be estimated by power spectral density) and BER (which can be detected by pseudocode synchronization) for each baseband signal; 3) Calculate the first Information entropy of antenna signal ,in, As an indicator type, For the first Antenna No. The percentage of the normalized value of the indicator, here This refers to two metrics: SNR and BER. 4) Weight normalization: ,in For the first Information entropy of an antenna signal For the number of antennas, to ensure ; 5) Update the weighting coefficients based on the LMS algorithm. The update formula for the weighting coefficients is as follows: ; 6) The formula for obtaining the synthesized signal by weighted merging is: ;in, The weighting coefficients are for the i-th receiving antenna signal branch. The error signal is the difference between the synthesized signal and the ideal signal, and μ is the step size factor. The weighting coefficients are the updated weighting coefficients for the i-th received antenna signal. This is the baseband input signal for the i-th receiving antenna signal branch. Let m be a discrete time point, and m be the number of receiving antennas.
[0035] Among them, the adaptive convergence synthesis module can quickly detect the SNR and BER of the antenna signal in real time, calculate the channel quality weight using the entropy weight method, and dynamically update the weighting coefficients through the LMS algorithm. The signal-to-noise ratio of the synthesized signal after merging can be improved by at least 6dB.
[0036] In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the blind equalization module includes a feedforward filter, a decision unit, a feedback filter, and a momentum term optimization unit. The feedforward filter can be a 16th to 32nd order transverse filter, and the feedback filter can be an 8th to 16th order transverse filter. The feedforward filter is used to cancel forward multipath interference of the synthesized signal; the decision unit is used to make a decision on the signal output by the feedforward filter; the feedback filter is used to cancel backward multipath interference of the synthesized signal; and the momentum term optimization unit is used to introduce a momentum factor β, update the weight vector of the feedforward filter based on the introduced momentum factor β, and output the equalization signal after iterative convergence.
[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 4 The working principle diagram of the blind equalization module in this embodiment of the invention is shown. The process of obtaining the compensated equalization signal by the blind equalization module includes: 1. Receive the synthesized signal through a feedforward filter and output the signal: ;in, For the delay line tap vector of the synthesized signal, for example [ N represents the order of the feedforward filter, and represents the received signal at the current time and the N time steps prior. Let be the order of the feedforward filter. Let be the weight vector of the feedforward filter, with dimensions and . Consistent; 2. The decision-maker performs a decision on the signal y(k) and outputs a signal. ; where sign represents the sign function, which is the decision operation unit of the decision unit and can extract the polarity information of the signal.
[0038] 3. The signal is processed through a feedback filter. Process and output signal ;in, , For the order of the feedback filter, For the front A vector consisting of the decision values at each time step; 4. Obtain the error between the output signal of the feedforward filter and the output signal of the feedback filter. ,in The output of the feedforward filter, For the output of the feedback filter, R x The ideal squared value of the signal amplitude; 5. Update the weight vector. Where β is the momentum factor, This is used to accelerate convergence and suppress oscillations based on the previous weight change; μ is the step size factor, used to control the magnitude of a single weight update. For discrete time points, and These represent the weight vectors at the previous two time points, respectively. This is the updated weight vector; For error, For synthesized signals; 6. Based on iterative convergence, output an equalized signal. At this point, the error , This indicates that the signal has eliminated forward and backward inter-symbol interference and the amplitude has stabilized at the desired level.
[0039] Finally, the equalization signal is demodulated by FM and decoded by TPC through the demodulation module to obtain the processed data, restore the original digital signal, and output PCM data and clock conforming to the IRIG-106 standard through the data processing module.
[0040] Among them, the improved blind equalization module can introduce momentum term optimization of the iterative process based on the decision feedback constant modulus algorithm, and the convergence speed is 50% faster than the traditional CMA. It can complete equalization convergence within 100μs and eliminate inter-symbol interference caused by multipath.
[0041] As can be seen, the telemetry system of the present invention can improve the signal reception success rate from 65% of the traditional single antenna to over 98% in a scenario with a rotation speed of 3000 r / min by dynamically weighting and combining multi-antenna signals. Furthermore, by employing a decision feedback constant modulus algorithm (DF-CMA) with a driven quantity term in the improved blind equalization module to suppress multipath interference, the convergence speed of the DF-CMA algorithm is improved by 50%, the inter-symbol interference cancellation rate is ≥95%, and the bit error rate is reduced from 10... -3 Reduced to 10 -7 The combination of FM and TPC enables high bit rate transmission, supports parallel data acquisition of ≥32 channels, and supports the IRIG106 standard. It can be interfacing with traditional telemetry systems, reducing the upgrade cost of existing equipment.
[0042] Corresponding to the telemetry system described above, the present invention also provides a telemetry method. Figure 5 A schematic flowchart of a telemetry method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, the telemetry method of this invention includes: S100: Determine the layout and installation location of the signal acquisition module based on the structure of the target rotating component and the testing requirements; S200: The test parameters of the target rotating component are acquired and processed by the signal acquisition and processing module, and the processed test data is radiated outward through the transmitting antenna; S300: Receives the test data through the receiving antenna, and performs adaptive diversity synthesis and blind equalization processing on the test data through the signal optimization module to obtain processed data; S400: The data processing module outputs corresponding telemetry data based on the processed data.
[0044] As a specific example, in the application process, the installation positions of each sensor in the signal acquisition module can be determined first according to the structure and testing requirements of the high-speed rotating component (i.e. the target rotating component). The strain load sensor, vibration sensor, etc. are installed in a distributed layout in the key parts of the high-speed rotating component, and it is ensured that the installation is firm and can withstand the centrifugal force generated by high-speed rotation. Then, the rotating transmitter and transmitting antenna are fixed to the thrust rotor of the target helicopter; and the receiving antenna and fixed receiving end are fixedly installed inside the fuselage. Then, high-temperature and wear-resistant cables are used to connect the sensor output to the signal conditioning module; and high-temperature and wear-resistant cables are used to connect the power supply module to the signal conditioning module and the encoding and modulation module. Then, the coding and modulation module is connected to each antenna using high-temperature and abrasion-resistant RF cables; and the telemetry receiver is connected to each antenna using high-temperature and abrasion-resistant RF cables. Finally, power on and run the telemetry system.
[0045] The telemetry receiver is equipped with a diversity synthesis module and a blind equalization module. By adding corresponding algorithms to the telemetry receiver, the transmission error rate can be reduced and the unreliable transmission problem caused by high-speed rotation can be solved on the basis of existing traditional telemetry receiver hardware.
[0046] It should be noted that the embodiments of the above telemetry methods and telemetry systems can be described in detail and will not be repeated here.
[0047] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the telemetry system and method of the present invention suppresses the rapid signal fading caused by high-speed rotation, improves transmission stability, eliminates multipath interference, reduces bit error rate, ensures data integrity, meets the requirements of high bit rate transmission, and is compatible with parallel acquisition of multi-dimensional parameters.
[0048] In addition, the present invention also provides an electronic device, such as Figure 6 The illustrated electronic device includes components, including telemetry software, which, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Figure 6 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device and may include fewer or more components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.
[0049] For example, although not shown, the electronic device may also include a power supply module (such as a battery) to power various components. Preferably, the power supply can be logically connected to the at least one processor via a power management device, thereby enabling functions such as charging management, discharging management, and power consumption management. The power supply may also include one or more DC or AC power sources, a recharging device, a power fault detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator, or any other components. The electronic device may also include various sensors, Bluetooth modules, Wi-Fi modules, etc., which will not be elaborated further here.
[0050] Furthermore, the electronic device may also include a network interface. Optionally, the network interface may include a wired interface and / or a wireless interface (such as a Wi-Fi interface, a Bluetooth interface, etc.), which is typically used to establish communication connections between the electronic device and other electronic devices.
[0051] Optionally, the electronic device may further include a user interface, which may be a display, an input unit (such as a keyboard), and optionally, a standard wired interface or a wireless interface. Optionally, in some embodiments, the display may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touchscreen, etc. The display may also be appropriately referred to as a screen or display unit, used to display information processed in the electronic device and to display a visual user interface.
[0052] It should be understood that the embodiments described are for illustrative purposes only and are not limited to this structure in the scope of the patent application.
[0053] Furthermore, if the modules / units of the electronic device are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, or a read-only memory (ROM).
[0054] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and other division methods may be used in actual implementation.
[0055] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.
[0056] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.
[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims
1. A telemetry system, characterized in that, Suitable for close-range testing of high-speed rotating components; the telemetry system includes a rotating transmitter and a fixed receiver; wherein, The rotating transmitter includes a target rotating component, a signal acquisition and processing module, and a transmitting antenna; The signal acquisition and processing module is used to acquire and process the test parameters of the target rotating component, and radiate the processed test data outward through the transmitting antenna; The fixed receiving end includes a receiving antenna, a signal optimization module, and a data processing module; The receiving antenna is used to receive the test data, and the signal optimization module is used to perform adaptive diversity synthesis processing and blind equalization processing on the test data to obtain processed data. The data processing module is used to output corresponding telemetry data based on the processed data.
2. The telemetry system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition and processing module includes a signal acquisition module, a signal conditioning module, and a coding and modulation module; wherein... The signal acquisition module is used to acquire multi-dimensional test parameters of the target rotating component at a preset frequency; The signal conditioning module is used to amplify, filter, and perform analog-to-digital conversion on the test parameters to obtain a conditioned signal; The encoding and modulation module is used to perform error control on the conditioning signal through TPC encoding and to obtain the corresponding radio frequency signal as the test data through FM modulation.
3. The telemetry system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The signal acquisition module includes vibration sensors, acceleration sensors, and strain gauges arranged in an array.
4. The telemetry system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The signal optimization module includes a down-conversion module, an adaptive diversity synthesis module, a blind equalization module, and a demodulation module; wherein... The downconversion module is used to perform agile frequency conversion processing on the test data and output a digital baseband signal; The adaptive aggregation synthesis module is used to calculate the signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate of the baseband signal in real time, and to calculate the quality weight of each channel using the entropy weight method. Based on the weight, the baseband signals of each signal are merged to obtain the synthesized signal. The blind equalization module is used to equalize the synthesized signal and obtain the compensated equalized signal. The demodulation module is used to perform FM demodulation and TPC decoding on the equalization signal to obtain the processed data.
5. The telemetry system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the synthesized signal according to the adaptive aggregation synthesis module includes: Calculate the signal-to-noise ratio and bit error rate of the baseband signal for each receiving antenna in real time; Based on the entropy weighting method, the signal-to-noise ratio and the bit error rate are fused to construct a signal quality evaluation index; Based on the evaluation index, the weighting coefficients of the entropy weighting method are dynamically updated using the least mean square error algorithm, and the weighting coefficients satisfy... =1, i takes values 1, 2, 3...m, where m is the number of receiving antennas; According to the weighting coefficients, the baseband signals of each receiving antenna are weighted and combined to output a composite signal that resists fading.
6. The telemetry system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The update formula for the weighting coefficients is: ; The formula for the synthesized signal is: ; in, The weighting coefficients are for the i-th receiving antenna signal branch. The error signal between the synthesized signal and the ideal signal is given by μ, where μ is the step size factor. The weighting coefficients are the updated weighting coefficients for the i-th received antenna signal. For discrete time points, is the baseband input signal of the i-th receiving antenna signal branch, and m is the number of receiving antennas.
7. The telemetry system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The blind equalization module includes a feedforward filter, a decision unit, a feedback filter, and a momentum term optimization unit; wherein... The feedforward filter is used to cancel forward multipath interference in the synthesized signal; The decision unit is used to make a decision on the signal output by the feedforward filter; The feedback filter is used to cancel the backward multipath interference of the synthesized signal; The momentum term optimization unit is used to introduce a momentum factor β, update the weight vector of the feedforward filter based on the introduced momentum factor β, and output the equalization signal after iterative convergence.
8. The telemetry system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the compensated equalization signal according to the blind equalization module includes: The synthesized signal is received through the feedforward filter, and a signal is output: ;in, Let be the delay line tap vector of the synthesized signal, representing the received signal at the current time and the previous N time steps. Let the order of the feedforward filter be denoted as . Let be the weight vector of the feedforward filter, with dimension AND. Consistent; The decision-maker makes a decision on the signal y(k) and outputs a signal. ; The signal is processed by the feedback filter. Process and output signal ;in, , Let the order of the feedback filter be . For the front A vector consisting of the decision values at each time step; Obtain the error between the output signal of the feedforward filter and the output signal of the feedback filter. ,in The output of the feedforward filter, R is the output of the feedback filter. x The ideal squared value of the signal amplitude; Update the weight vector. , where β is the momentum factor, used to accelerate convergence and suppress oscillations based on the previous change in weight; For discrete time points, μ is the step size factor used to control the magnitude of a single weight update; For error, For synthesized signals; Finally, output the equalization signal. At this point, the error , .
9. The telemetry system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The receiving antenna is provided in at least two forms, and the at least two receiving antennas cover the full attitude angle range of the target rotating component.
10. A telemetry method, characterized in that, Telemetry is performed using the telemetry system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; wherein the method includes: Based on the structure of the target rotating component and the testing requirements, determine the layout and installation location of the signal acquisition module; The test parameters of the target rotating component are acquired and processed by the signal acquisition and processing module, and the processed test data is radiated outward through the transmitting antenna. The test data is received by the receiving antenna, and the test data is subjected to adaptive diversity synthesis processing and blind equalization processing by the signal optimization module to obtain processed data. The data processing module outputs corresponding telemetry data based on the processed data.