A blood vessel holder for cardiothoracic surgery

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of thoracic cardiovascular surgery vessel holders, belong to blood vessel clamping technical field, by support base component, multi-axis support component and clamping component composition, support base component uses double vacuum pump to be matched with double structure adsorption head, can be closely adsorbed in medical plane, provide stable base;Multi-axis support component includes seven-axis linkage structure and self-locking joint, can realize all-around angle and height adjustment, the sixth rotating shaft is telescopic rod, and depth fine adjustment can be completed in cooperation with assembly seat, and automatically lock position after adjustment;Clamping component is clamped by screw rod screw thread transmission and lever structure, and is matched with elastic clamp pad and gyro wheel, and clamping force is accurately controllable, and screw thread self-locking can be durable pressure retention;The device does not need to be continuously hand-held, can avoid blood vessel injury, adapts multiple blood vessel operation scene, effectively improves the safety and operating efficiency of thoracic cardiovascular surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vascular clamping technology, and more particularly to a vascular clamping device for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Cardiothoracic surgery encompasses the treatment of diseases related to cardiac surgery and general thoracic surgery. Cardiac surgery, a relatively young branch of surgery, focuses on the surgical treatment of heart diseases. Its main research areas include the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular trauma, pericardial diseases, congenital heart disease, and cardiac tumors.

[0003] Because the heart is the center of blood circulation, it is surrounded by intersecting and branching blood vessels. During heart surgery, medical staff typically use clamps to clamp the sutured blood vessels to prevent bleeding during suturing, thus blocking blood flow.

[0004] The shortcomings of existing vascular clamps used in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery:

[0005] (1) Some existing vascular clamps are difficult to control the clamping force of the clamp. The clamping force depends entirely on the doctor's feel. If the force is too small, hemostasis will fail. If the force is too large, it will damage the vascular endothelium and cause complications such as thrombosis or vascular rupture.

[0006] (2) Some existing vascular clamps may require additional manual fixation after clamping the blood vessel, which increases the workload of medical staff and is also prone to displacement of the clamping position due to hand tremors or collisions during the operation.

[0007] (3) When using existing vascular clamps to clamp multiple blood vessels, multiple clamps are required to assist medical staff in the operation, which is extremely inconvenient and can easily interfere with the surgery. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery comprises a support base assembly, a multi-axis stent assembly, and a clamping assembly;

[0011] The support base assembly can be fixed on any plane in the medical environment, one end of the multi-axis support assembly is connected to the support base assembly, and the clamping assembly is assembled on the end of the multi-axis support assembly away from the support base assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the support base assembly consists of a support body, a vacuum pump, and an adsorption head;

[0013] There are two vacuum pumps, which are located inside the support body. The working direction of the vacuum pump is downward. The adsorption head is assembled on the working end of the vacuum pump. A docking groove is opened in the middle of the support base, through which a multi-axis bracket assembly is connected. A control button is provided on one side of the support base, which can be used to control the operation of the vacuum pump.

[0014] Preferably, the adsorption head has a dual structure, with the adsorption end of the adsorption head divided into an outer edge and an inner edge.

[0015] Preferably, the multi-axis support assembly consists of a first pitch axis, a second rotation axis, a third pitch axis, a fourth rotation axis, a fifth pitch axis, a sixth rotation axis, a seventh rotation axis, and a self-locking joint;

[0016] The first pitch axis, second rotation axis, third pitch axis, fourth rotation axis, fifth pitch axis and sixth rotation axis are connected sequentially through self-locking joints. The end of the first pitch axis away from the second rotation axis is connected to the docking groove of the support body through a self-locking joint. The seventh rotation axis is located at the end of the sixth rotation axis away from the fifth pitch axis. The seventh rotation axis is provided with an assembly seat, which is used to fix and assemble the clamping components.

[0017] The first pitch axis is connected to the docking groove of the support body via a self-locking joint; the second rotation axis is connected to the end of the first pitch axis away from the support base assembly via a self-locking joint assembly; the third pitch axis is connected to the end of the second rotation axis away from the first pitch axis via a self-locking joint; the fourth rotation axis is connected to the end of the third pitch axis away from the second pitch axis via a self-locking joint; the fifth pitch axis is connected to the end of the fourth rotation axis away from the third pitch axis via a self-locking joint; the sixth rotation axis is connected to the end of the fifth pitch axis away from the fourth rotation axis via a self-locking joint; and the seventh rotation axis is connected to the end of the sixth rotation axis away from the fifth pitch axis via a self-locking joint.

[0018] Preferably, the self-locking joint consists of a stop ring and a stop tenon. The stop ring and the stop tenon are respectively disposed at the joints of the base rotation axis, the lower arm pitch axis, the upper arm pitch axis and the wrist rotation axis. The inner ring of the stop ring has several flanges arranged in a circumferential array. The stop tenon is "I" shaped and has stop round heads at its four ends. The self-locking function is achieved by the engagement of the stop round heads and the several flanges.

[0019] Preferably, the main body of the sixth rotating shaft is a telescopic rod.

[0020] Preferably, a set screw is provided on one side of the mounting base.

[0021] Preferably, the clamping assembly consists of a clamping body, a chuck, a control screw, a shaft pin, and a spring;

[0022] The clamping body has an internally threaded through hole in the middle and a through groove at one end. The shaft pin is fixedly assembled to the end of the clamping body near the through groove. There are two chucks, one smaller end of which is the control end and the other larger end is the working end. The clamping body has a rotating shaft in the middle, which is assembled into the through groove. The springs are connected to the shaft pin and the chucks respectively, so that the two chucks have a basic rebound force, thereby keeping the working ends of the two chucks in an open state. The control ends are in a relatively close state. One end of the control screw is a knob and the other end is a control cone. The body of the control screw is assembled into the internally threaded through hole, and the control cone abuts between the control ends of the two chucks.

[0023] Preferably, the control end of the chuck is equipped with a roller.

[0024] Preferably, the working end of the chuck is fitted with a clamping pad, which is made of an elastic material.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Solve the problem of "difficulty in controlling the force": Achieve precise and non-invasive blood vessel clamping.

[0027] Visualized force control: This device abandons the traditional method that relies entirely on the doctor's feel and adopts a threaded transmission mechanism (control screw + internal threaded through hole); medical personnel control the clamping force by rotating the knob, transforming the abstract "feel" into a specific "number of rotations", making the clamping force more precise and controllable.

[0028] Dual protection mechanism:

[0029] Elastic protection: The working end of the chuck is equipped with an elastic pad, which can effectively buffer pressure, avoid rigid contact damage to the vascular endothelium, and prevent thrombosis or rupture.

[0030] Mechanical limiting: Through the lever principle and thread self-locking, it can ensure that the force is sufficient to block blood flow, while preventing tissue damage caused by excessive force.

[0031] 2. Solving the problem of "requiring manual fixation": freeing up the hands of medical staff.

[0032] Mechanical self-locking function:

[0033] Self-locking support: The multi-axis support assembly adopts self-locking joints (stop ring + stop latch structure); after adjustment, each joint can automatically lock, maintaining the posture without additional operation and preventing displacement caused by hand tremors or collisions;

[0034] Clamping self-locking: The control screw and the internal threaded through hole utilize the self-locking property of the threaded connection to automatically maintain the clamping force after the knob is released. Once clamped, the device will automatically maintain the state, eliminating the need for medical staff to continuously hold or apply force, greatly reducing the operational burden.

[0035] Dual Adsorption Base: The support base adopts a vacuum pump + dual adsorption head (secondary adsorption of the outer and inner edges) design. The structure can adapt to the flatness of the operating table surface, providing an extremely solid base and completely freeing up manpower to support the base.

[0036] 3. Solves the problem of "inconvenient handling of multiple blood vessels": provides a flexible and wide surgical field.

[0037] Multi-axis flexible adjustment: The device is equipped with a multi-axis support consisting of 7 axes (3 pitch axes, 3 rotation axes, and 1 swivel axis), providing 360° omnidirectional rotation and 180° full-angle swing capability. With the telescopic rod design, the spatial position and depth of the clamping components can be easily adjusted.

[0038] Avoid surgical interference: Through flexible multi-axis adjustment, the vascular clamp can be precisely positioned at the optimal operating point, without occupying a large amount of surgical space like traditional handheld instruments, thereby reducing interference with the clamping of multiple blood vessels and improving surgical efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery;

[0040] Figure 2 A side sectional view of the supporting base assembly;

[0041] Figure 3 A front sectional view of the supporting base assembly;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a partial sectional view of the multi-axis support assembly;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the overall structure of the clamping assembly;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the clamping component;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the clamping component.

[0046] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include:

[0047] 1. Support base assembly; 101. Support body; 102. Vacuum pump; 103. Adsorption head; 104. Control button; 105. Docking groove; 2. Multi-axis bracket assembly; 201. First pitch axis; 202. Second rotation axis; 203. Third pitch axis; 204. Fourth rotation axis; 205. Fifth pitch axis; 206. Sixth rotation axis; 207. Seventh rotation axis; 208. Self-locking joint; 209. Assembly base; 210. Set screw 211. Set screw; 212. Stop ring; 213. Stop latch; 214. Flange; 215. Stop round head; 3. Clamping assembly; 301. Clamping body; 302. Chuck; 303. Control screw; 304. Knob; 305. Control cone; 306. Shaft pin; 307. Spring; 308. Roller; 309. Clamping pad; 310. Internal threaded through hole; 311. Rotating shaft; 312. Working end; 313. Control end. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the main body of the vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery provided by the present invention consists of a support base assembly 1, a multi-axis support assembly 2, and a clamping assembly 3;

[0050] Among them, the support base assembly 1 can be fixed on any plane in the medical environment, one end of the multi-axis stent assembly 2 is connected to the support base assembly 1, and the clamping assembly 3 is assembled on the end of the multi-axis stent assembly 2 away from the support base assembly 1. In this way, with the support base assembly 1 as a stable base, the multi-axis stent assembly 2 can provide support for the clamping assembly 3 at any angle or height in space, which facilitates the clamping of blood vessels.

[0051] Specifically, such as Figures 2-3 As shown, the support base assembly 1 consists of a support body 101, a vacuum pump 102, and an adsorption head 103. There are two vacuum pumps 102, which are located inside the support body 101. The working direction of the vacuum pumps 102 is downward. The adsorption head 103 is assembled on the working end 312 of the vacuum pump 102. A docking groove 105 is provided in the middle of the support base, through which the multi-axis support assembly 2 is connected. A control button 104 is provided on one side of the support base. The operation of the vacuum pumps 102 can be controlled by the control button 104. In this way, medical staff can place the support base assembly 1 on any plane in the surgical environment, place one end of the adsorption head 103 against the plane, and start the vacuum pump 102 by controlling the control button 104, so that the adsorption head 103 is tightly adsorbed on the plane, providing a stable working foundation for this device.

[0052] Furthermore, the adsorption head 103 has a dual structure. The adsorption end of the adsorption head 103 is divided into an outer edge and an inner edge. After the vacuum pump 102 is started, the outer edge will first adhere to the flat body. Even if the flat body has some undulations, a relatively sealed space can be formed. At this time, the vacuum pump 102 continues to evacuate the adsorption head 103. The inner edge will be adsorbed again in the initial sealed space formed by the outer edge, so that the vacuum adsorption component is adsorbed more firmly and stably, providing a solid and reliable basic working environment for the support base component 1, and ensuring the stability and reliability of subsequent support work.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, the multi-axis support assembly 2 consists of a first pitch axis 201, a second rotation axis 311202, a third pitch axis 203, a fourth rotation axis 311204, a fifth pitch axis 205, a sixth rotation axis 311206, a seventh rotation axis 207, and a self-locking joint 208.

[0054] The first pitch axis 201, the second rotation axis 311202, the third pitch axis 203, the fourth rotation axis 311204, the fifth pitch axis 205, and the sixth rotation axis 311206 are connected sequentially through a self-locking joint 208. The end of the first pitch axis 201 away from the second rotation axis 311202 is connected to the docking groove 105 of the support body 101 through the self-locking joint 208. The seventh rotation axis 207 is located at the end of the sixth rotation axis 311206 away from the fifth pitch axis 205. The seventh rotation axis 207 is provided with an assembly seat 209, which is used to fix and assemble the clamping assembly 3.

[0055] The first pitch axis 201 is connected to the docking groove 105 of the support body 101 via the self-locking joint 208, and can swing back and forth 180° relative to the support base assembly 1 to realize the height adjustment of the multi-axis bracket assembly 2 in the vertical plane.

[0056] The second rotation axis 311202 is connected to the end of the first pitch axis 201 away from the support base assembly 1 via the self-locking joint 208 assembly, and can rotate 360° relative to the first pitch axis 201 to determine the working base azimuth angle of the multi-axis support assembly 2;

[0057] The third pitch axis 203 is connected to the end of the second rotation axis 311202 away from the first pitch axis 201 via a self-locking joint 208, and can swing back and forth 180° based on the second rotation axis 311202, thereby realizing the height adjustment of subsequent components in the vertical plane;

[0058] The fourth rotation axis 311204 is connected to the end of the third pitch axis 203 away from the second pitch axis via a self-locking joint 208, and can rotate 360° based on the axis of the third pitch axis 203 to achieve horizontal rotation and further adjust the subsequent working angle;

[0059] The fifth pitch axis 205 is connected to the end of the fourth rotation axis 311204 away from the third pitch axis 203 via a self-locking joint 208. Based on the fourth rotation axis 311204, it swings back and forth by 180° to control the pitch angle of subsequent components, thereby adapting to different working orientation angle requirements.

[0060] The sixth rotation axis 311206 is connected to the end of the fifth pitch axis 205 away from the fourth rotation axis 311204 via a self-locking joint 208, and can rotate 360° based on the axis of the fifth pitch axis 205 to achieve horizontal rotation and adjust the working angle of the clamping assembly 3.

[0061] The seventh rotating shaft 207 is connected to the end of the sixth rotating shaft 311206 away from the fifth pitch shaft 205 via a self-locking joint 208, and can swing back and forth 180° relative to the sixth rotating shaft 311206 to adjust the final working position angle of the bearing component.

[0062] Furthermore, the self-locking joint 208 is composed of a stop ring 212 and a stop tenon 213. The stop ring 212 and the stop tenon 213 are respectively set at the docking points of the base rotation axis 311, the lower arm pitch axis, the upper arm pitch axis and the wrist rotation axis 311. The inner ring of the stop ring 212 has several flanges 214 arranged circumferentially. The stop tenon 213 is "I" shaped and has stop round heads 215 at the four ends. The self-locking function is realized by the engagement of the stop round heads 215 and the several flanges 214.

[0063] Furthermore, the main body of the sixth rotating shaft 311206 is a telescopic rod, which allows for adjustment of the base working depth of the supporting components;

[0064] Furthermore, a set screw 210 is provided on one side of the mounting base 209, and a set screw 211 is installed at the set screw 210. When the clamping component 3 is mounted on the mounting base 209, the clamping component 3 can be fixed by screwing in the set screw 211. At the same time, the mounting position of the clamping component 3 in the mounting base 209 can be adjusted by loosening the set screw 211, thereby realizing the adjustment of the final working depth of the clamping component 3.

[0065] like Figures 5-7As shown, the clamping assembly 3 consists of a clamping body 301, chucks 302, a control screw 303, a pin 306, and a spring 307. The clamping body 301 has an internally threaded through hole 310 in its middle, and a through groove at one end. The pin 306 is fixedly mounted to the end of the clamping body 301 near the through groove. There are two chucks 302; one smaller end of each chuck is the control end 313, and the other larger end is the working end 312. A rotating shaft 311 is located in the middle of the clamping assembly, and the chuck is mounted in the through groove via the rotating shaft 311. The spring 307 is connected to both the pin 306 and the chucks 302, providing a basic rebound force to the two chucks 302, thereby keeping the working ends 312 of the two chucks normally open. In the control state, the control end 313 is in a relatively close position. One end of the control screw 303 is a knob 304, and the other end is a control cone 305. The main body of the control screw 303 is assembled in the internal threaded through hole 310. The control cone 305 abuts between the control ends 313 of the two clamps 302. By rotating the knob 304, the control screw 303 is screwed into the internal threaded through hole 310. The control cone 305 pushes the control ends 313 of the two clamps 302 outward. At this time, the working ends 312 of the two clamps 302 gradually close, realizing the clamping of the blood vessel. At the same time, the threaded connection between the control screw 303 and the internal threaded through hole 310 has a self-locking property. Even if the medical personnel loosen the knob 304, the clamps 302 can still maintain a tight clamping of the blood vessel.

[0066] Furthermore, the control end 313 of the chuck 302 is equipped with a roller 308. By having the roller 308 contact the control cone 305 of the control screw 303, friction can be reduced and the smoothness of control over the chuck 302 can be improved.

[0067] Furthermore, a clamping pad 309 is mated at the working end 312 of the clamping member 302. The clamping pad 309 is made of elastic material and provides protection when clamping the patient's blood vessels to avoid mechanical damage to the blood vessels during clamping.

[0068] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0069] The device's workflow is mainly divided into three stages: base fixation, stent adjustment, and vascular clamping.

[0070] 1. Fix the support base assembly 1 to establish a stable base.

[0071] Placement: Medical staff place the support base assembly 1 on any flat surface in the surgical environment (such as the operating table);

[0072] Fitting: Fit one end of the suction head 103 under the base tightly to the flat body;

[0073] Start-up: Press the control button 104 on one side of the support base to start the internal vacuum pump 102;

[0074] Double locking:

[0075] Initial adsorption: After the vacuum pump 102 starts working, the outer edge of the adsorption head 103 first adheres to the plane. Even if the plane has slight undulations, it can form a preliminary sealed space.

[0076] Secondary adsorption: Vacuum pump 102 continues to evacuate, and the inner edge of adsorption head 103 undergoes secondary adsorption in a pre-sealed environment;

[0077] The support base assembly 1 is firmly attached to the flat surface, providing a stable working base for subsequent operations.

[0078] 2. Adjustment of multi-axis support assembly 2 to achieve spatial positioning.

[0079] This step is to move the clamping head directly above the blood vessel and adjust it to the appropriate angle and height.

[0080] Utilizing the self-locking property of the self-locking joint 208, and with the structure of the self-locking joint 208 consisting of a stop ring 212 and a stop latch 213, it can be directly pried open without affecting the free movement of each axis.

[0081] Multi-dimensional adjustment:

[0082] Height adjustment: The height of the device can be adjusted by swinging the first pitch axis 201 and the third pitch axis 203 back and forth by 180° in the vertical plane.

[0083] Orientation adjustment: The device is rotated 360° via the second rotating axis 311202, the fourth rotating axis 311204, and the sixth rotating axis 311206 to determine the basic azimuth angle and working angle of the device on the horizontal plane.

[0084] Pitch angle: The pitch angle can be adapted to different working positions by swinging the fifth pitch axis 205 and the seventh rotation axis 207.

[0085] Depth adjustment:

[0086] The working depth of the foundation is adjusted using the sixth rotating shaft 311206 (the main body of which is a telescopic rod).

[0087] Loosen the set screw 211 and adjust the position of the clamping assembly 3 in the mounting base 209 to achieve fine adjustment of the final working depth.

[0088] Locking: After adjustment, lock the self-locking joints 208 of each axis (stop round head 215 engages with flange 214) to fix the posture of the entire bracket.

[0089] 3. During the vessel clamping phase, perform the operation.

[0090] This step utilizes mechanical structures to achieve non-destructive clamping of blood vessels.

[0091] Initial state: Under the action of spring 307, the working ends 312 of the two clamping parts 302 are in the open state, and the control ends 313 are close to each other, waiting to be clamped.

[0092] Tightening operation: Medical staff rotate the knob 304 at the end of the control screw 303.

[0093] Mechanical transmission:

[0094] The control screw 303 (with control cone 305) is screwed into the internal threaded through hole 310.

[0095] The control end 313 of the control cone 305 pushes the two clamps 302 outward (due to the presence of the roller 308, the friction is very small and the movement is smooth).

[0096] Clamping action: According to the lever principle, when the control end 313 is opened, the working end 312 of the other end of the clamp 302 will close inward.

[0097] Locking pressure holding:

[0098] The working end 312 tightly clamps the blood vessel.

[0099] Because the threaded connection has a self-locking property, even if medical staff loosen knob 304, the clamping force remains unchanged, and no continuous force is required.

[0100] Protection mechanism: The elastic pad 309 of the working end 312 of the clamp 302 provides cushioning during clamping to avoid mechanical damage to blood vessels.

[0101] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A vessel holder for cardiothoracic surgery, characterized by: The main body of the clamp consists of a support base assembly (1), a multi-axis bracket assembly (2), and a clamping assembly (3); The support base assembly (1) can be fixed on any plane in the medical environment, one end of the multi-axis support assembly (2) is connected to the support base assembly (1), and the clamping assembly (3) is assembled on the end of the multi-axis support assembly (2) away from the support base assembly (1).

2. The vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support base assembly (1) consists of a support body (101), a vacuum pump (102), and an adsorption head (103); There are two vacuum pumps (102) inside the support body (101). The working direction of the vacuum pumps (102) is downward. The adsorption head (103) is assembled on the working end (312) of the vacuum pumps (102). A docking groove (105) is opened in the middle of the support base. The multi-axis bracket assembly (2) is docked through the docking groove (105). A control button (104) is provided on one side of the support base. The operation of the vacuum pumps (102) can be controlled by the control button (104).

3. A vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adsorption head (103) has a dual structure, with the adsorption end of the adsorption head (103) divided into an outer edge and an inner edge.

4. A vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-axis support assembly (2) consists of a first pitch axis (201), a second rotation axis (311)(202), a third pitch axis (203), a fourth rotation axis (311)(204), a fifth pitch axis (205), a sixth rotation axis (311)(206), a seventh rotation axis (207), and a self-locking joint (208); The first pitch axis (201), the second rotation axis (311)(202), the third pitch axis (203), the fourth rotation axis (311)(204), the fifth pitch axis (205), and the sixth rotation axis (311)(206) are connected sequentially through self-locking joints (208). The end of the first pitch axis (201) away from the second rotation axis (311)(202) is connected to the docking groove (105) of the support body (101) through the self-locking joint (208). The seventh rotation axis (207) is located at the end of the sixth rotation axis (311)(206) away from the fifth pitch axis (205). The seventh rotation axis (207) is provided with an assembly seat (209) for fixing and assembling the clamping assembly (3). The first pitch axis (201) is connected to the docking groove (105) of the support body (101) via a self-locking joint (208); the second rotation axis (311)(202) is connected to the end of the first pitch axis (201) away from the support base assembly (1) via a self-locking joint (208); the third pitch axis (203) is connected to the end of the second rotation axis (311)(202) away from the first pitch axis (201) via a self-locking joint (208); the fourth rotation axis (311)(204) is connected to the third rotation axis (203) via a self-locking joint (208). The pitch axis (203) is located away from the end of the second pitch axis; the fifth pitch axis (205) is connected to the end of the fourth rotation axis (311)(204) away from the third pitch axis (203) via a self-locking joint (208); the sixth rotation axis (311)(206) is connected to the end of the fifth pitch axis (205) away from the fourth rotation axis (311)(204) via a self-locking joint (208); and the seventh rotation axis (207) is connected to the end of the sixth rotation axis (311)(206) away from the fifth pitch axis (205) via a self-locking joint (208).

5. A vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The self-locking joint (208) is composed of a stop ring (212) and a stop tenon (213). The stop ring (212) and the stop tenon (213) are respectively located at the joints of the base rotation axis (311), the lower arm pitch axis, the upper arm pitch axis and the wrist rotation axis (311). The inner ring of the stop ring (212) has several flanges (214) arranged circumferentially. The stop tenon (213) is in the shape of an "I" and has stop round heads (215) at its four ends. The self-locking function is achieved by the engagement of the stop round heads (215) and the several flanges (214).

6. A vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main body of the sixth rotating shaft (311)(206) is a telescopic rod.

7. A vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting base (209) has a set screw hole (210) on one side, and a set screw (211) is mounted in the set screw hole (210).

8. A vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (3) consists of a clamping body (301), a chuck (302), a control screw (303), a shaft pin (306), and a spring (307); The clamping body (301) has an internally threaded through hole (310) in the middle, and a through groove is provided at one end of the clamping body (301). The shaft pin (306) is fixedly assembled to the end of the clamping body (301) near the through groove. There are two chucks (302), one end of which is smaller and is the control end (313), and the other end is larger and is the working end (312). The clamping body has a rotating shaft (311) in the middle, and is assembled in the through groove through the rotating shaft (311). The springs (307) are respectively connected to the shaft pin (306). 6) and the chuck (302), so that the two chucks (302) have a basic rebound force, thereby keeping the working ends (312) of the two chucks (302) in an open state, and the control ends (313) in a relatively close state. One end of the control screw (303) is a knob (304), and the other end is a control cone (305). The main body of the control screw (303) is assembled in the internal thread through hole (310), and the control cone (305) abuts against the control ends (313) of the two chucks (302).

9. A vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control end (313) of the chuck (302) is equipped with a roller (308).

10. A vascular clamp for thoracic and cardiovascular surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The working end (312) of the clamp (302) is fitted with a clamping pad (309), which is made of an elastic material.

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