Sample pretreatment device and sample concentration system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sample pretreatment device and a sample concentration system, which belong to the technical field of medical instruments, and comprise a container with an open top end and a sieve basket structure, the sieve basket structure can move up and down along the inner wall of the container, a sieve plate is arranged below the sieve basket structure, and after the sieve basket structure is inserted into the container, the sieve plate can move up and down. According to the sample pretreatment device, the sieve plate and the bottom of the container form a second cavity, the space above the second cavity is a first cavity, and the sieve plate can separate water-absorbing particles added into the container into the first cavity, so that the sample pretreatment device is inserted into the bottom of the container from top to bottom through the sieve basket structure, and the area of the second cavity is gradually reduced; therefore, the volume of the concentrated solution remained on the container is reduced; the water absorption particles are added into the container, when the water absorption capacity of the water absorption particles is maximized, the sieve basket structure can be lifted out, then new water absorption particles are added into the container, the multi-stage concentration effect is achieved, and the concentration rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and more specifically relates to a sample pre-processing device and a sample concentration system. Background Art

[0002] At present, the analysis of samples (including saliva, urine, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, etc.) is one of the important means to detect human health or human diseases. In fact, the analysis of human body fluids is to detect the effective target detection objects (including proteins, DNA / RNA, cells, compounds, etc.) contained in the body fluids to detect the health of the human body or whether the human body is sick. However, since the effective target detection objects in body fluids are often at very low content and the concentration is too low, if the body fluids are directly tested, there is a problem that the effective target detection objects cannot be detected, resulting in inaccurate judgment results. Therefore, concentration is the most common pre-treatment method in the sample testing process.

[0003] Publication No. CN116057378A discloses a concentrating device, a method for concentrating a test fluid, a method for testing a test fluid, and a test kit. The concentrating device includes a first container and a second container containing a highly absorbent polymer, a portion of the first container is composed of a discharge portion, and the discharge portion is formed by a porous membrane with a pore size of 0.05um or more and 10um or less. The highly absorbent polymer absorbs the solution contained in the test fluid injected into the first container, and generates a concentrated solution as the test fluid in the first container. The second container recovers the concentrated solution of the test fluid discharged from the discharge portion by centrifugation. This method has the problem that the concentration time is difficult to control and the solution in the sample is absorbed by the water absorbent. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a sample pre-treatment device which can reduce the volume of residual concentrated liquid.

[0005] According to the first aspect of the utility model, a sample pretreatment device is provided, comprising a container with an open top and a sieve basket structure, wherein the sieve basket structure can move up and down along the inner wall of the container, and a sieve plate is provided below the sieve basket structure. After the sieve basket structure is inserted into the container, the sieve plate and the bottom of the container form a second cavity, and the space above the second cavity is a first cavity. The sieve plate can separate the water-absorbing particles added to the container in the first cavity.

[0006] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the screen basket structure includes a lifting rod and a gripping portion, one end of the lifting rod is connected to the screen plate, and the other end of the lifting rod is connected to the gripping portion.

[0007] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the lifting rod is provided with a hollow first channel.

[0008] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the end of the lifting rod extends to the second cavity, and the end is provided with a plurality of openings connected to the second cavity.

[0009] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a gap is provided from the outer periphery of the sieve plate to the inner wall of the container, and the width of the gap is smaller than the particle size of the water-absorbing particles.

[0010] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second cavity shrinks from top to bottom.

[0011] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a detachably connected support column is provided below the sieve plate.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a filter screen is detachably connected to the outer side of the screen basket structure.

[0013] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the container has a transparent observation window.

[0014] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the outer circumference of the container is provided with scales.

[0015] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a cover is detachably connected to the top of the container, and the length of the sieve basket structure is less than or equal to the length of the first cavity.

[0016] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first cavity is cylindrical.

[0017] The above technical features can be combined arbitrarily without conflict.

[0018] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a sample concentration system is provided, comprising water-absorbing particles and the sample pre-treatment device according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0019] One of the above technical solutions of the utility model has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0020] In some examples of the utility model, the sample pretreatment device is inserted into the container from top to bottom through the screen basket structure, and then water-absorbing particles and the sample liquid to be concentrated are added into the container, and the water-absorbing particles absorb water and swell to achieve the concentration of the sample liquid. If necessary, when the water absorption capacity of the water-absorbing particles reaches the maximum or the concentration rate is significantly reduced, the screen basket structure can be raised to remove all the water-absorbing particles after absorbing water, and then new water-absorbing particles are added into the container to achieve a multi-stage concentration effect and improve the concentration rate. After the sample is concentrated, it will gradually enter the second cavity under the action of gravity and separate from the water-absorbing particles, ensuring that the concentrated sample liquid remaining in the second cavity is not sucked dry, and the sample concentration degree and concentration time can be conveniently controlled by controlling the amount of water-absorbing particles added. The volume of the second cavity can be adjusted by adjusting the placement position of the screen plate of the screen basket structure, that is, the sample in the second cavity will not be sucked dry, and the volume of the second cavity can be flexibly set according to the volume of the concentrated sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a sample pre-processing device in the first embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sample pre-processing device in the second embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a screen basket structure in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a screen basket structure equipped with a support column in one embodiment of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of a screen basket structure in one embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, "several" means one or more, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed" etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within" etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0031] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a movable connection, a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal connection between two elements, indirect connection, or an interactive relationship between two elements.

[0032] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different solutions of the present invention.

[0033] Reference Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a sample pretreatment device is provided, including a container 1 with an open top and a sieve basket structure 2, the sieve basket structure 2 can move up and down along the inner wall of the container 1, a sieve plate 21 is provided below the sieve basket structure 2, after the sieve basket structure 2 is inserted into the container 1, the sieve plate 21 and the bottom of the container 1 form a second cavity 12, the space above the second cavity 12 is the first cavity 11, and the sieve plate 21 can separate the water-absorbing particles added to the container 1 in the first cavity 11.

[0034] When in use, water-absorbing particles for absorbing water from the sample are added to the container 1. The water-absorbing particles are isolated by the sieve plate 21 and cannot enter the second cavity 12. The water in the sample is absorbed by the water-absorbing particles to achieve concentration, and the volume of the concentrated liquid gradually decreases until it all enters the second cavity 12 below. After the water-absorbing particles in the container 1 reach their maximum water absorption or the water absorption speed slows down significantly, the sieve basket structure 2 can be taken out to remove the water-absorbing particles that have completed water absorption, and then the sieve basket structure 2 can be reinserted into the container 1, and new water-absorbing particles are added to continue concentration, thereby accelerating the concentration rate and achieving multi-stage concentration. Multiple batches of samples can also be added to concentrate multiple samples together.

[0035] Preferably, the water-absorbing particles are Sephadex G-10 coarse particles, Sephadex G-25 coarse particles, Sephadex G-50 coarse particles, PEG20000, sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide copolymer, acrylonitrile / propionamide copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol, water-absorbing resin, polyacrylic acid polymer, spherical cellulose particles, hydrogel, cellulose-or starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer, acrylonitrile / propionamide copolymer, ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer, cross-linked maleic anhydride copolymer, anhydrous calcium chloride, calcium oxide, cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose, and a mixture of one or more of cross-linked polyethylene oxide. These materials can be granulated and used alone, or they can be granulated and used after being wrapped by other inert materials. The water-absorbing particles used in the present invention have stronger water absorption capacity. Compared with ordinary water-absorbing materials, the water-absorbing particles can reach hundreds to thousands of times of their own weight after absorbing water. At the same time, the water-absorbing particles have a low adsorption capacity on the protein to be measured, which can better achieve effective concentration of the sample. The material of the water-absorbing particles needs to be selected according to the characteristics of the sample to be concentrated. The water-absorbing particles used should not react chemically with the sample, not adsorb or adsorb little to the molecules to be tested or concentrated, be easy to separate from the solution, not affect the subsequent processing of the concentrated sample, expand after absorbing water, and be elastic.

[0036] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second cavity 12 is a structure that contracts from top to bottom, especially a conical structure, which is conducive to concentrating the concentrated liquid and better absorbing the concentrated liquid.

[0037] In one embodiment of the utility model, the sieve basket structure 2 includes a sieve plate 21, a lifting rod 22 and a gripping portion 23, one end of the lifting rod 22 is connected to the sieve plate 21, and the other end of the lifting rod 22 is connected to the gripping portion 23. Exemplarily, the lifting rod 22 of the present application can be set to a number of different lengths, and the sieve plate 21 and the gripping portion 23 are detachably connected to the two ends of the lifting rod 22. The length of the lifting rod 22 is different to meet the needs of different containers 1. Another implementation is that the lifting rod 22 is set as a retractable lifting rod 22. Another implementation is that the end of the lifting rod 22 extends to the second cavity 12, and the end is provided with a number of openings connected to the second cavity 12. In this way, the lifting rod 22 contacts the second cavity 12, thereby supporting the sieve basket structure 2, and the volume of the second cavity 12 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the lifting rod 22 extending into the second cavity 12.

[0038] Furthermore, there is a detachable connecting support column 24 below the sieve plate 21, and the support column 24 is set at different heights. The position of the sieve plate 21 in the container 1 can be adjusted by the support columns 24 of different heights to achieve different volumes of the second cavity 12. The sieve plate 21 can be lifted out by lifting the gripping portion 23, and new water-absorbing particles can be added after being lifted out. Since the water absorption speed and water absorption capacity of the water-absorbing particles are limited, the water absorption speed of the water-absorbing particles will be greatly reduced after a period of time. In order to increase the sample concentration speed, new water-absorbing particles can be added to the first cavity 11 and / or the second cavity 12 at regular intervals, which can achieve multi-stage concentration and increase the concentration rate.

[0039] Furthermore, the structure, shape and size of the gripping portion 23 are set according to the size of the top opening of the container 1. Preferably, the gripping portion 23 is set as a basket-shaped structure, which is more convenient for the operator to lift the sieve basket structure 2 and add water-absorbing particles; the lifting rod 22 is set as a hollow first channel 221, which can be used to add samples and suck out concentrated samples. In order to facilitate operation, the diameter of the first channel 221 is set to be able to insert a pipette or a pipette tip, so as to facilitate the suction of concentrated samples.

[0040] In this embodiment, the sieve plate 2 of the sieve basket structure 2 can be arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the first cavity 11 in a manner of being movable along the length direction of the container 1 .

[0041] In one embodiment of the utility model, a cover 4 is detachably connected to the top of the container 1 to prevent moisture in the air from entering the container 1 and affecting the concentration rate. The length of the sieve basket structure 2 is less than or equal to the length of the first cavity 11.

[0042] In one embodiment of the utility model, a second channel is provided on the sieve plate 21 for separating the sample and the water-absorbing particles. The second channel is configured as a hole structure or a strip structure. Regardless of whether it is a hole structure or a strip structure, the pore size or the strip width is smaller than the size of the water-absorbing particles.

[0043] In an embodiment of the present invention, the size of the gap is smaller than the size of the water-absorbing particles, so as to prevent the water-absorbing particles from entering the second cavity 12 .

[0044] In one embodiment of the utility model, the outer circumference of the container 1 is provided with scales to facilitate observation of the liquid volume in the container 1 . At the same time, the container 1 has an observation window so that the sample condition in the container 1 can be observed at any time.

[0045] In one embodiment of the utility model, a filter screen is detachably connected to the outer side of the screen basket structure 2. The pore size of the filter screen is smaller than the size of the water-absorbing particles. The filter screen can better prevent the water-absorbing particles from flowing around and falling, so that the water-absorbing particles are always in the filter screen. At the same time, it can be disassembled for cleaning, which is very convenient.

[0046] The sample pre-treatment device also relates to a concentration method, according to the volume of the sample and the volume of the concentrated sample to be obtained later, a certain amount of water-absorbing particles is added, that is, according to the water absorption rate of the water-absorbing particles, the water-absorbing particles have different water absorption rates in different time periods, as shown in the following table:

[0047]

[0048] According to the water absorption rate of the water-absorbing particles, the formula for calculating the water absorption is:

[0049] Water absorption = water absorption rate × number of water absorbing particles, or

[0050] Water absorption = volume before water absorption - volume after water absorption

[0051] Assuming that the volume of the container 1 is 50 ml, the volume of the second cavity 12 is 5 ml, the volume of the sample before concentration is 20 ml, and the required volume after concentration is 5 ml, the purpose of this concentration operation is to reduce the operation time and control the concentration time within half an hour, then add:

[0052] 1) Add 20 ml of sample to container 1;

[0053] 2) Add 250 water-absorbing particles with a particle size of 1.5 mm to the first cavity 11, wait for 15 minutes, remove the sieve basket structure 2, and move the water-absorbing particles out of the container 1. At this time, the sample volume is approximately: 20ml×1000-250 (particles)×116 (ul / particle / h)×0.25h=12750ul;

[0054] 3) Add 250 water-absorbing particles into the first chamber 11 again and concentrate for 15 minutes. At this time, the sample volume is approximately: 12750ul (sample volume in step 2) - 7250ul (volume after adding 250 water-absorbing particles in step 3) = 5500ul, which is approximately equal to 5ml.

[0055] As shown in the above example, the device can add water-absorbing particles in stages according to the water absorption speed of the water-absorbing particles and the volume of the sample before and after concentration, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid concentration and the required sample volume requirement after concentration.

[0056] This sample pretreatment device is inserted from top to bottom into the bottom of the container through a sieve basket structure, so that the area of ​​the second cavity is gradually reduced, thereby reducing the volume of the concentrated liquid remaining on the container; water-absorbing particles are added to the container. When the water absorption capacity of the water-absorbing particles is maximized, the sieve basket structure can be removed, and new water-absorbing particles can be added to the container to achieve a multi-stage concentration effect and increase the concentration rate.

[0057] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sample pre-processing device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a container (1) with an open top and a sieve basket structure (2), wherein the sieve basket structure (2) can move up and down along the inner wall of the container (1), a sieve plate (21) is provided below the sieve basket structure (2), and after the sieve basket structure (2) is inserted into the container (1), the sieve plate (21) and the bottom of the container (1) form a second cavity (12), the space above the second cavity (12) is a first cavity (11), and the sieve plate (21) can separate water-absorbing particles added to the container into the first cavity (11).

2. The sample pre-treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sieve basket structure (2) comprises a lifting rod (22) and a gripping portion (23), one end of the lifting rod (22) being connected to the sieve plate (21), and the other end of the lifting rod (22) being connected to the gripping portion (23).

3. The sample pre-treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is provided from the outer periphery of the sieve plate (21) to the inner wall of the container (1), and the width of the gap is smaller than the particle size of the water-absorbing particles; and / or the second cavity (12) shrinks from top to bottom.

4. The sample pre-processing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting rod (22) is provided with a hollow first channel (221); and / or the end of the lifting rod (22) extends to the second cavity (12), and the end is provided with a plurality of openings in communication with the second cavity (12).

5. The sample pre-processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A detachably connected support column (24) is provided below the sieve plate.

6. The sample pre-processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the screen basket structure (2) is detachably connected with a filter screen.

7. The sample pre-processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The container (1) has a transparent observation window; and / or the first cavity (11) is cylindrical.

8. The sample pre-processing device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the container (1) is provided with scales.

9. The sample pre-processing device according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that: The top of the container (1) is detachably connected to a lid (4), and the length of the screen basket structure (2) is less than or equal to the length of the first cavity (11).

10. A sample concentration system, characterized in that: The invention comprises water-absorbing particles and the sample pre-treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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