Battery shell, battery, battery module and electric equipment
By laying a heat-smoothing plate with high thermal conductivity in the mezzanine space of the battery case, and using the working liquid to absorb and disperse the heat inside the power cell, the problem of thermal runaway in the high-speed charging and discharge of new energy batteries is solved, and the further development is achieved Efficient heat dissipation effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420294120.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-18
AI Technical Summary
New energy batteries are prone to thermal runaway during charging and discharging of large-scale rates, and the existing heat dissipation methods are not timely, resulting in insufficient response of the module heat dissipation system.
A battery shell is designed with a mezzanine space inside, and a heat equalizing plate is laid in the mezzanine space. The chamber of the heat equalizing plate is injected with working liquid, and a filamentous metal mesh is arranged along the direction of the heat equalizing plate. The heat conduction of the heat equalizing plate is The coefficient is much larger than the battery case, and the working liquid quickly absorbs the heat inside the battery cell and dissipates heat through gasification and air pressure.
It effectively prevents the battery from getting out of control. Through the combination of the heat-smoothing plate and working liquid, the internal heat of the battery cell is rapidly dissipated and the battery's heat dissipation efficiency is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222463204U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of new energy batteries, and in particular to a battery housing, a battery, a battery module and electrical equipment. Background Art
[0002] When new energy batteries are charged and discharged at high rates, the battery cells generate a lot of heat. A common way to dissipate heat is to set up a liquid cooling structure on the outside of the battery module and use air cooling to dissipate heat. However, this cooling method not only takes up space, resulting in low volume utilization of the module and battery, but also because it takes a certain amount of time for heat to be transferred from the inside of the battery cell to the outside of the module, if thermal runaway occurs due to untimely heat dissipation during this period, the module cooling system may easily fail to respond in time, resulting in serious consequences caused by thermal runaway of the battery. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a battery housing, a battery, a battery module and an electrical device to solve the technical problem that existing new energy batteries are prone to thermal runaway due to untimely heat dissipation.
[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery housing,
[0005] A accommodating cavity is formed on the inner side of the battery shell, and at least part of the interior of the battery shell is provided with an interlayer space, a heat spreader is laid in the interlayer space, a chamber is provided inside the heat spreader, a working liquid is injected into the chamber, and a filamentary metal mesh is provided in the chamber along the laying direction of the heat spreader.
[0006] Furthermore, the heat sink includes a first inner wall close to the accommodating cavity and a first outer wall relatively far from the accommodating cavity;
[0007] The first outer wall extends outward in a direction away from the accommodating cavity and is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins arranged at intervals, and the heat dissipation fins extend out of the battery housing.
[0008] Furthermore, the heat sink fins and the battery housing are made of aluminum metal, and the heat spreader is made of copper metal; and / or
[0009] The heat dissipation fins are long strip structures with the same height as the first outer wall. A plurality of the heat dissipation fins are arranged in sequence at equal intervals along the length extension direction of the first outer wall. The heat dissipation fins have the same width and the same extended length.
[0010] Furthermore, the battery shell includes a first shell and a second shell arranged on the outside of the first shell, the interlayer space is at least partially formed inside the first shell, the first outer wall and the first shell are arranged in close contact with each other so that the heat dissipation fins extend out of the first shell, and the second shell is arranged at the outer edge of the first shell on which the heat dissipation fins are provided.
[0011] Furthermore, the second shell includes a first straight plate connected to the outer edge of the first outer wall and extending along the extension direction of the heat dissipation fins, and a second straight plate connected to the outer side of the first straight plate and extending inward along the length extension direction of the first outer wall, and the extension length of the first straight plate is greater than or equal to the extension length of the heat dissipation fins.
[0012] Furthermore, the extension length of the first straight plate is between 1 mm and 50 mm.
[0013] Furthermore, the interlayer space is respectively provided inside the two opposite side walls of the first shell along the first direction, and the heat spreader laid along the first direction is provided in the interlayer space;
[0014] Correspondingly, the heat dissipation fins are extended from the first outer walls on two opposite sides of the first shell along the first direction.
[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery, comprising the battery casing as described in any one of the preceding items and at least one battery cell, wherein the battery cell is located in the accommodating cavity of the battery casing.
[0016] In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery module, comprising the battery housing as described in any one of the above items and at least one single battery, wherein the single battery is located in the accommodating cavity of the battery housing.
[0017] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electrical device comprising the aforementioned battery, or the aforementioned battery module.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the battery case, battery, battery module and electrical equipment provided by the present application have a heat spreader arranged in the interlayer space inside the battery case. The thermal conductivity of the heat spreader is much greater than that of the battery case. For example, the heat spreader can be made of copper metal, and the battery case can be made of aluminum metal. The receiving cavity formed by the battery case is used to place battery cells or single batteries, etc. The heat spreader is almost zero distance away from the battery cells or single batteries in the receiving cavity formed by the battery case. The working liquid in the chamber in the heat spreader promptly absorbs the heat generated inside the battery cells in the receiving cavity or the battery cells in the single batteries in the receiving cavity, quickly vaporizes and moves to the battery case with low temperature and the outside of the battery case under the action of air pressure to dissipate heat, so as to dissipate the heat inside the battery cells in time and prevent untimely heat dissipation. This solves the technical problem that serious consequences of thermal runaway may be caused by untimely heat dissipation during the transfer of heat from the inside of the battery cells to the battery case and the outside of the battery module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 2 A top view of a battery housing provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0022] Figure 3 A front view of a battery housing provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0023] Figure 4 A side view of a battery housing provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat spreader and heat sink fins provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Figure 6 A working principle diagram of a heat spreader provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second shell provided in an embodiment of the present application.
[0027] Reference numerals:
[0028] 100-battery housing;
[0029] 10-accommodating cavity;
[0030] 20-Mezzanine space;
[0031] 30-heat soaking plate;
[0032] 31 - chamber;
[0033] 32-working fluid;
[0034] 33-wire metal mesh;
[0035] 34- first inner wall;
[0036] 35- first outer wall;
[0037] 36- cooling fins;
[0038] 41- first housing;
[0039] 42- second housing;
[0040] 421-First straight plate;
[0041] 422-second straight board;
[0042] 200-battery;
[0043] 201-battery cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0045] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0046] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.
[0047] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0048] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.
[0049] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0050] In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0051] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a battery housing 100, a battery 200, a battery module and an electrical device. The battery housing 100 has a receiving cavity 10 formed inside, and the receiving cavity 10 is used to receive and place at least one battery cell 201 or at least one single battery; Figure 1 As shown, the battery 200 may include the battery housing 100 and at least one battery cell 201, and the battery cell 201 is accommodated in the accommodation cavity 10 of the battery housing 100. Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment in which a plurality of battery cells 201 are contained in the accommodating cavity 10 of the battery housing 100 as an example. The plurality of battery cells 201 can be arranged along the Figure 1 The battery modules are stacked in sequence in the first direction X shown; the battery module may include the aforementioned battery housing 100 and at least one single battery located in the accommodating cavity 10 of the battery housing 100; the electrical device may include the aforementioned battery 200 or the aforementioned battery module.
[0052] Regarding the aforementioned battery housing 100, at least a portion of the battery housing 100 is provided with an interlayer space 20, and a heat spreader 30 may be provided in the interlayer space 20. Figure 6 As shown, the heat spreader 30 has a chamber 31 inside, and a working liquid 32 is injected into the chamber 31. A wire-shaped metal mesh 33 is provided in the chamber 31 along the laying direction of the heat spreader 30. The heat spreader 30 can be made of copper metal material, and the battery housing 100 can be made of aluminum metal material. The wire-shaped metal mesh 33 can be specifically a copper wire-shaped metal mesh, and the diameter of the metal wire of the copper wire-shaped metal mesh 33 can be 1μm~1mm; the aforementioned chamber 31 is specifically a vacuum chamber, and the heat spreader 30 is sealed as a whole. The working liquid 32 is injected into the chamber 31 by drawing negative pressure. The working liquid 32 can be any one of ammonia, water, acetone, and methanol; when the working liquid 32 contacts the micro-gap in the copper wire-shaped metal mesh, the working liquid 32 moves along the gap under the infiltration condition, that is, the working liquid 32 flows to the evaporation and heat dissipation position through the copper wire-shaped metal mesh under the action of capillary force, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 The solid arrow in the middle indicates the direction, thereby realizing the circulation movement of the working fluid.
[0053] Compared with the prior art, the battery housing 100, the battery 200, the battery module and the electrical equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application are provided with a heat spreader 30 in the interlayer space 20 inside the battery housing 100. The thermal conductivity of the heat spreader 30 is much greater than the thermal conductivity of the battery housing 100. For example, the heat spreader 30 can be made of copper metal, and the battery housing 100 can be made of aluminum metal. The accommodating cavity 10 formed by the battery housing 100 is used to place the battery cell 201 or a single battery, etc. The heat spreader 30 is almost zero distance close to the battery cell 201 in the accommodating cavity 10 formed by the battery housing 100. 01 or single battery, etc., the working liquid 32 in the chamber 31 in the heat spreader 30 timely absorbs the heat generated inside the battery cell 201 in the accommodating cavity 10 or the battery cell 201 in the single battery in the accommodating cavity 10, quickly vaporizes and moves to the battery shell 100 with a low temperature and the outside of the battery shell 100 under the action of air pressure to dissipate heat, and timely dissipates the heat inside the battery cell 201 directly to prevent untimely heat dissipation, thereby solving the technical problem that the heat may be transferred from the inside of the battery cell 201 to the battery shell 100 and the outside of the battery module due to untimely heat dissipation, causing serious consequences of thermal runaway.
[0054] Further, such as Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the aforementioned heat spreader 30 includes a first inner wall 34 close to the aforementioned accommodating cavity 10 and a first outer wall 35 relatively away from the accommodating cavity 10. The first outer wall 35 extends outward in a direction away from the accommodating cavity 10 and is provided with a plurality of spaced heat dissipation fins 36, and the heat dissipation fins 36 extend out of the battery housing 100 to increase the heat dissipation area and accelerate heat dissipation.
[0055] Specifically, the aforementioned heat sink fins 36 can be made of aluminum metal material with a thermal conductivity coefficient far smaller than that of the copper heat sink 30; since the heat sink fins 36 and the heat sink 30 are made of different materials with different thermal conductivities, it is preferred that the heat sink fins 36 are connected to the heat sink but not connected to each other, and the contact area between the heat sink fins 36 and the air is increased.
[0056] Preferably, the aforementioned heat dissipation fins 36 can be a long strip structure with the same height as the first outer wall 35 of the aforementioned heat spreader 30, and multiple heat dissipation fins 36 are arranged at equal intervals in sequence along the length extension direction of the first outer wall 35. The widths of the heat dissipation fins 36 are equal, and the extended lengths may also be equal.
[0057] The working liquid 32 in the chamber 31 of the aforementioned heat spreader 30 absorbs the heat inside the battery cell 201, vaporizes quickly, and moves to the heat sink 36 with low temperature under the action of air pressure. Due to the temperature difference, the vaporized working liquid 32 condenses and releases heat. Figure 6 The dotted arrow shown indicates the direction of condensation reflux of the working liquid 32. The thermal conductivity of the heat spreader 30 is much greater than the thermal conductivity of the battery case 100 and the heat dissipation fins 36. Heat is transferred from the inside of the battery cell 201 to the outside of the battery case 100 and the heat dissipation fins 36. There is a temperature difference between the outside of the battery case 100 and the inside of the battery cell 201, and the larger the area of the heat dissipation fins 36 and the greater the number, the better the heat dissipation.
[0058] A preferred embodiment is as follows Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the aforementioned battery shell 100 may include a first shell 41 and a second shell 42 arranged on the outside of the first shell 41, the interior of the first shell 41 at least partially forms the aforementioned interlayer space 20, the first outer wall 35 of the aforementioned heat spreader 30 and the first shell 41 are arranged in close contact, so that the aforementioned heat dissipation fins 36 extend out of the first shell 41, and the second shell 42 is arranged at the outer edge position of the first shell 41 where the heat dissipation fins 36 are provided, so as to protect the heat dissipation fins 36 protruding outward from the outside of the first shell 41.
[0059] Specifically, the second housing 42 may include a first straight plate 421 connected to the outer edge of the first outer wall 35 and extending in the extension direction of the heat dissipation fins 36, and a second straight plate 422 connected to the outer side of the first straight plate 421 and extending inward in the length extension direction of the first outer wall 35, and the extension length of the first straight plate 421 is greater than or equal to the extension length of the heat dissipation fins 36. The second housing 42 is provided, and the second straight plate 422 is the outermost structure on the side of the battery housing 100 provided with the heat dissipation fins 36. On the one hand, it plays a role in protecting the heat dissipation fins 36 protruding from the outside of the first housing 41 to prevent the heat dissipation fins 36 from being scratched and damaged during installation, and on the other hand, it solves the problem of inconvenience in installation and prevents the problem of inconvenience in installation caused by the non-standard overall size of the battery housing 100.
[0060] In a specific embodiment, in order to accelerate the heat dissipation at the heat concentration location of the battery cell 201 or the single battery, the battery housing 100 can be provided with an interlayer space 20 near the heat concentration location of the battery cell 201 or the single battery in its accommodating cavity 10, and the aforementioned heat spreader 30 is provided in the corresponding interlayer space 20.
[0061] As Figure 1 The battery housing 100 shown in the figure contains a plurality of cells along the Figure 1 The battery cells 201 stacked in sequence in the first direction X are used as an example for illustration. The heat generated on both sides of the battery cells 201 along the first direction is relatively concentrated in the multiple battery cells 201 stacked and arranged in the first direction. Specifically, the aforementioned interlayer space 20 can be respectively provided inside the opposite side walls of the aforementioned first shell 41 along the first direction X, and the aforementioned heat spreader 30 laid along the first direction X is provided in the interlayer space 20. Correspondingly, the aforementioned heat dissipation fins 36 are extended from the first outer wall 35 on the opposite sides of the first shell 41 along the first direction X.
[0062] A more specific embodiment is as follows Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the length of the first shell 41 is A, the height is B, the width is C, and the thickness is D. The gap between the second straight plate 422 of the second shell 42 and the first shell 41 is H, and the gap H is between 1mm and 50mm. The extended length of the first straight plate 421 of the second shell 42 is greater than or equal to the gap H, and the extended length of the first straight plate 421 is between 1mm and 50mm. Specifically, the length of the first shell 41 is A=148mm, the height is B=100mm, the width is C=79mm, the thickness is D=1mm, and the gap H=10mm.
[0063] The length of the aforementioned second shell 42 is E=H+d1, the height is F=B, the width is H, and the thickness is D. The second shell 42 exists on the four sides of the outer peripheral side wall of the first shell 41. Specifically, the length of the second shell 42 is E=H+d1=12mm, the height is F=B=100mm, the width is H=10mm, and the thickness is D=1mm.
[0064] The length of the aforementioned heat spreader 30 is a=A-2Dmm, the height is b=B-2Dmm, and the thickness is d. The first outer wall 35 of the heat spreader 30 is provided with a large-area heat dissipation fin 36, the thickness of the heat dissipation fin 36 is d1, the thickness d1 is between 1mm and 10mm, the length is a1=H, and the height is b1=B-2D. The multiple heat dissipation fins 36 are equidistantly distributed, the number is n, and the value range of n is: 1<n≤A / d1. The heat dissipation fins 36 are welded to the heat spreader 30; specifically, the heat spreader can be a=146mm long, b=98mm high, and d=2mm thick; the thickness of the heat dissipation fins is d1=2mm, the length a1=H=10mm, and the height b1=B-2D=98mm. The multiple heat dissipation fins 36 are equidistantly distributed, and the number n=50.
[0065] Based on this, the heat dissipation area S of the battery shell 100 in the embodiment of the present application conforms to the formula: S=2(AB+n*a1*b1*2), which is much larger than the heat dissipation area of a single-layer shell, thereby increasing the heat dissipation area, improving the volume utilization of the module, and dissipating heat quickly.
[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims
1. A battery housing, characterized in that: A receiving cavity (10) is formed inside the battery housing (100), and at least part of the interior of the battery housing (100) is provided with an interlayer space (20), a heat spreader (30) is laid inside the interlayer space (20), the heat spreader (30) has a chamber (31) inside, a working liquid (32) is injected into the chamber (31), and a wire-shaped metal mesh (33) is provided in the chamber (31) along the laying direction of the heat spreader (30).
2. The battery housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat sink (30) comprises a first inner wall (34) close to the accommodating cavity (10) and a first outer wall (35) relatively far from the accommodating cavity (10); The first outer wall (35) extends outward in a direction away from the accommodating cavity (10) and is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins (36) arranged at intervals, and the heat dissipation fins (36) extend out of the battery housing (100).
3. The battery housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat sink (36) and the battery housing are made of aluminum metal material, and the heat spreader (30) is made of copper metal material; and / or The heat dissipation fins (36) are long strip structures of the same height as the first outer wall (35); a plurality of the heat dissipation fins (36) are arranged in sequence at equal intervals along the length extension direction of the first outer wall (35); and each of the heat dissipation fins (36) has an equal width and an equal protruding length.
4. The battery casing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery housing (100) comprises a first housing (41) and a second housing (42) arranged outside the first housing (41); the first housing (41) at least partially forms the interlayer space (20); the first outer wall (35) and the first housing (41) are arranged in close contact with each other so that the heat dissipation fins (36) extend out of the first housing (41); and the second housing (42) is arranged at the outer edge of the first housing (41) on which the heat dissipation fins (36) are arranged.
5. The battery casing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second shell (42) comprises a first straight plate (421) connected to the outer edge of the first outer wall (35) and extending along the extension direction of the heat dissipation fins (36), and a second straight plate (422) connected to the outer side of the first straight plate (421) and extending inward along the length extension direction of the first outer wall (35), wherein the extension length of the first straight plate (421) is greater than or equal to the extension length of the heat dissipation fins (36).
6. The battery casing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protruding length of the first straight plate (421) is between 1 mm and 50 mm.
7. The battery housing according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The interlayer space (20) is respectively arranged inside two opposite side walls of the first shell (41) along the first direction, and the heat spreader (30) laid along the first direction is arranged inside the interlayer space (20); Correspondingly, the heat dissipation fins (36) are provided on the first outer walls (35) extending through the first shell (41) on two opposite sides along the first direction.
8. A battery, characterized in that: It comprises a battery casing (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 and at least one battery cell (200), wherein the battery cell (200) is located in the accommodating cavity (10) of the battery casing (100).
9. A battery module, characterized in that: It comprises a battery housing (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 and at least one single battery, wherein the single battery is located in the accommodating cavity (10) of the battery housing (100).
10. An electrical device, characterized in that: Comprising the battery as claimed in claim 8, or the battery module as claimed in claim 9.