Air-started turbojet engine

Abstract

The utility model discloses an air starting turbojet engine which comprises an air starting assembly and a man-machine interaction unit, the man-machine interaction unit is electrically connected with an engine electric control unit, the air starting assembly comprises an air pipe, an electromagnetic valve and a nozzle, the air pipe is connected with high-pressure air, and the nozzle penetrates through an air inlet casing and faces an air compressor impeller. The angle between the nozzle and the gas compressor impeller is adjusted, so that the sprayed gas blows the gas compressor impeller to rotate in the forward direction; the man-machine interaction unit transmits interaction signals to the engine electric control unit, after the engine electric control unit opens an electromagnetic valve according to the interaction signals, high-pressure gas blows a gas compressor impeller to rotate in the forward direction through a gas pipe and a nozzle, an engine rotor is driven to rotate, the rotating speed of an engine starts to rise, and oil injection ignition is conducted when the rotating speed reaches the ignition starting rotating speed. And starting is successful until a slow working state is entered. Therefore, starting is achieved through the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder, a starting motor and the like are not needed, and the problem that a high-power turbojet engine is difficult to start is solved.

Description

[0001] This utility model claims the priority of the following patent applications:

[0002] The application date is May 18, 2024, the application number is 202421089811.9, and the name is a Chinese utility model patent application for a gas-start turbojet engine. Technical Field

[0003] The utility model relates to the technical field of turbojet engines, in particular to an air-started turbojet engine. Background Art

[0004] When starting a turbojet engine on the ground, an external power source must be used. Because when the engine rotor does not rotate, the air in the combustion chamber is not compressed and the air does not flow into the engine. In this case, if fuel is sprayed in the combustion chamber and burned, the engine will only burn out, and the engine rotor will not rotate. When the engine speed is very low, even if the maximum allowable value of the gas temperature is maintained before the turbine, the engine still cannot start. This is because at a very low speed, the compressor pressure ratio is very low, the efficiency of the compressor and turbine is also very low, and the power generated by the turbine is less than the power required by the compressor. Only when the speed reaches a certain speed, the gas temperature before the turbine maintains the maximum allowable value, and the engine can work stably. This speed is called the minimum stable working speed, and the minimum stable working speed is generally 10% of the maximum speed. When the engine speed exceeds the minimum stable working speed, the gas temperature before the turbine is the maximum allowable value, the turbine power is greater than the compressor power, and the engine speed can be driven by the residual power of the turbine to rise. Therefore, during the engine starting process, an external power source must be used to bring the engine speed to above the minimum stable working speed.

[0005] In the prior art, electric motors are often used as starters for turbojet engines, but starter motors are only suitable for engines with relatively small power. The starter motors of engines with too much power consume too much power and are too heavy. The starting process requires a large power and a long rotation time, which cannot meet the starting requirements of the engine. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a gas-started turbojet engine, which uses the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder to achieve starting without using a starter motor, thereby solving the problem of difficult starting of high-power turbojet engines.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0008] A gas-started turbojet engine comprises a casing, wherein a combustion chamber, a fuel ignition system, a rotor, a turbine installed at the rear end of the rotor, a compressor installed at the front end of the rotor, an intake casing covered by a cover on the outside of the compressor, and a shroud installed on the outside of the intake casing, wherein a cavity is enclosed between the shroud and the intake casing; the gas-starting component and a human-machine interaction unit are also provided, wherein the human-machine interaction unit is electrically connected to an engine electronic control unit: the gas-starting component comprises an air pipe connected to high-pressure gas, an electromagnetic valve provided on the air pipe, and a nozzle connected to the air pipe, wherein the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected to the engine electronic control unit, wherein one end of the nozzle passes through the intake casing and is arranged toward the compressor impeller, wherein the angle between the nozzle and the compressor impeller is adjusted so that the gas ejected from the nozzle blows the compressor impeller to rotate in the forward direction; and the human-machine interaction unit is used to input a gas-starting signal to the engine electronic control unit, wherein the engine electronic control unit receives the gas-starting signal and controls the electromagnetic valve to open.

[0009] A preferred embodiment further comprises a closing unit, wherein the closing unit is electrically connected to the engine electronic control unit, and the electric signal transmitted by the engine electronic control unit controls the closing of the solenoid valve.

[0010] Preferably, the closing unit is a rotation speed detection unit, and the rotation speed detection unit is used to detect the engine rotation speed.

[0011] Preferably, the human-machine interaction unit includes a start button.

[0012] Preferably, the gas starting assembly includes a gas cylinder and a gas source, and the gas cylinder or the gas source is connected to the gas pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the gas cylinder, the gas pipe and the solenoid valve are accommodated in the cavity.

[0014] A preferred embodiment is that a vaned diffuser is also installed at the front end of the rotor, and the vaned diffuser is located behind the compressor. A mounting plate is pressed on the vaned diffuser, and the outer side of the mounting plate is connected to the inner side of the shell. The mounting plate is also connected to the air duct and the air intake casing respectively.

[0015] A preferred embodiment is that a guide is provided in front of the turbine, a tail nozzle is provided behind the turbine, and the tail nozzle is connected to the casing.

[0016] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0017] The gas-started turbojet engine of the utility model includes a gas-starting component and a human-machine interaction unit, and the human-machine interaction unit is electrically connected to the engine electronic control unit: the gas-starting component includes an air pipe connected to high-pressure gas, a solenoid valve arranged on the air pipe, and a nozzle connected to the air pipe, and the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the engine electronic control unit, one end of the nozzle is arranged through the air intake casing toward the compressor impeller, and the angle between the nozzle and the compressor impeller is adjusted so that the gas ejected from the nozzle blows the compressor impeller to rotate in the positive direction; the human-machine interaction unit transmits an interactive signal to the engine electronic control unit, and the engine electronic control unit controls the solenoid valve to open according to the interactive signal. When the solenoid valve is opened, the high-pressure gas blows toward the compressor impeller through the air pipe and the nozzle, so that the compressor impeller starts to rotate in the positive direction, and the rotating compressor impeller rotates with the coaxial engine rotor, and the engine speed starts to rise; when the engine speed reaches the starting ignition speed, the fuel ignition system starts to spray fuel and ignite in the combustion chamber, and the turbine starts to generate power; at this time, enough air has entered the engine, so that the excessively high gas temperature will not be generated when the combustion chamber is ignited. After the combustion chamber is ignited, the engine rotor is driven by the high-pressure airflow and the turbine at the same time; as the speed increases, the power generated by the turbine increases rapidly; when the engine speed exceeds the minimum stable operating speed, the gas temperature before the turbine is kept at the maximum allowable value, and the turbine power is greater than the power consumed by the compressor; until the engine enters the slow-running working state, the engine starts successfully. It can be seen that the utility model uses the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder to achieve starting, without the need to use a starting motor, etc., and solves the problem of difficulty in starting a high-power turbojet engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the turbojet engine in the utility model;

[0019] In the figure: 1-engine electronic control unit, 2-solenoid valve, 3-air pipe, 4-gas cylinder, 5- fairing, 6-intake casing, 7-compressor, 8-mounting plate, 9-rotor, 10-nozzle, 11-vaned diffuser, 12-combustion chamber, 13-guide, 14-turbine, 15-tail nozzle, 16-casing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0021] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside", and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is merely for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0022] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, an air-started turbojet engine comprises a casing 16, the inner side of which is provided with a combustion chamber 12, a fuel ignition system, a rotor 9, a turbine 14 installed at the rear end of the rotor 9, a compressor 7 installed at the front end of the rotor 9, an air intake casing 6 covered with a cover arranged at the outer side of the compressor 7, and a shroud 5 arranged at the outer side of the air intake casing 6, wherein a cavity is enclosed between the shroud 5 and the air intake casing 6; a vaned diffuser 11 is also installed at the front end of the rotor 9, the vaned diffuser 11 is located at the rear of the compressor 7, a mounting plate 8 is pressed on the vaned diffuser 11, the outer side of the mounting plate 8 is connected to the inner side of the casing 16, and the mounting plate 8 is also connected to the shroud 5 and the air intake casing 6 respectively; a guide 13 is arranged in front of the turbine 14, a tail nozzle 15 is arranged at the rear of the turbine 14, and the tail nozzle 15 is connected to the casing 16.

[0024] The utility model further comprises a gas starting assembly and a human-machine interaction unit, and the human-machine interaction unit is electrically connected to the engine electronic control unit 1 .

[0025] The gas starting assembly includes an air pipe 3 connected to the high-pressure gas, a solenoid valve 2 arranged on the air pipe 3, and a nozzle 10 connected to the air pipe 3. In this embodiment, the gas starting assembly includes a gas cylinder or a gas source, the gas cylinder 3 or the gas source is connected to the air pipe 3, and the gas cylinder 3 or the gas source contains high-pressure gas. Of course, other devices can also be used to provide high-pressure gas; the solenoid valve 2 is electrically connected to the engine electronic control unit 1, one end of the nozzle 10 passes through the air intake casing 6 and is arranged toward the impeller of the compressor 7. The angle between the nozzle 10 and the impeller of the compressor 7 is adjusted so that the gas ejected from the nozzle 10 blows the impeller of the compressor 7 to rotate in the forward direction; specifically, the outlet end of the nozzle 10 is arranged at a certain angle to the outlet position of the impeller of the compressor 7, so that the high-pressure gas is blown to the root of the impeller of the compressor 7 to ensure that the impeller is blown to rotate. In this embodiment, the gas cylinder 4, the air pipe 3 and the solenoid valve 2 are stored in the cavity, which makes full use of the internal space of the shell 16 and optimizes the structural layout.

[0026] The human-machine interaction unit transmits an interaction signal to the engine electronic control unit 1, and the engine electronic control unit 1 controls the electromagnetic valve 2 to open according to the interaction signal. In this embodiment, the human-machine interaction unit includes a start button, but is not limited to the start button.

[0027] The present embodiment also includes a closing unit, which is electrically connected to the engine electronic control unit 1. The electric signal transmitted by the engine electronic control unit 1 controls the electromagnetic valve 2 to close. Specifically, the closing unit may be, but is not limited to, a speed detection unit, which is used to detect the engine speed. The switching detection unit detects the engine speed and transmits the speed signal to the engine electronic control unit 1. The engine electronic control unit 1 compares the speed signal with the preset start success signal. When the speed signal is the preset start success signal, the electromagnetic valve 2 is controlled to close to close the gas cylinder 4. In addition, the speed corresponding to the preset start success signal is a speed that is 1 to 2 times greater than the minimum stable working speed.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, after the gas-started turbojet engine of the utility model is put into use, when the operator presses the start button, the engine electronic control unit 1 detects the action of the start button, and controls the solenoid valve 2 to open, so that the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder 4 enters the nozzle 10 through the air pipe 3, and then blows from the nozzle 10 to the outlet position of the compressor 7 impeller, so that the compressor 7 impeller starts to rotate in the forward direction.

[0029] The rotating compressor 7 impeller rotates with the coaxial engine rotor 9, and the engine speed begins to rise. When the engine speed reaches the starting ignition speed, the fuel ignition system starts to spray and ignite in the combustion chamber 12, and the turbine 14 starts to generate power. At this time, enough air has entered the engine, so that the gas temperature will not be too high when the combustion chamber 12 is ignited. After the combustion chamber 12 is ignited, the engine rotor 9 is driven by the high-pressure airflow and the turbine 14 at the same time. As the speed increases, the power generated by the turbine 14 increases rapidly. When the engine speed exceeds the minimum stable operating speed, the gas temperature before the turbine 14 is kept at the maximum allowable value, and the power of the turbine 14 is greater than the power consumed by the compressor 7. In order to increase the reliability of the start-up and shorten the start-up time, the high-pressure gas should be closed only when the speed is 1 to 2 times greater than the minimum stable operating speed, that is, the solenoid valve 2 is controlled to be closed.

[0030] After the gas cylinder 4 is closed, the engine speed is continuously increased by relying on the residual power of the turbine 14 until the engine enters the slow-running working state and the engine is started successfully.

[0031] It can be seen that the utility model utilizes the high-pressure gas in the gas cylinder 4 to achieve starting without using a starter motor, etc., thus solving the problem of difficulty in starting a high-power turbojet engine.

[0032] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, improvements to an equivalent gas-started turbojet engine, etc., should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-started turbojet engine, comprising a casing, a combustion chamber, a fuel ignition system, a rotor, a turbine installed at the rear end of the rotor, a compressor installed at the front end of the rotor, an intake casing covered by the compressor, and a shroud installed at the outside of the intake casing, wherein a cavity is enclosed between the shroud and the intake casing; characterized in that: It also includes a gas starting assembly and a human-machine interaction unit, wherein the human-machine interaction unit is electrically connected to the engine electronic control unit: The air starting assembly includes an air pipe connected to high-pressure gas, a solenoid valve arranged on the air pipe, and a nozzle connected to the air pipe, wherein the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the engine electronic control unit, one end of the nozzle passes through the air intake casing and is arranged toward the compressor impeller, and the angle between the nozzle and the compressor impeller is adjusted so that the gas ejected from the nozzle blows the compressor impeller to rotate in the forward direction; The human-machine interaction unit is used to input a gas starting signal to the engine electronic control unit, and the engine electronic control unit controls the solenoid valve to open after receiving the gas starting signal.

2. The air-started turbojet engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a closing unit, which is electrically connected to the engine electronic control unit. The electric signal transmitted by the engine electronic control unit controls the solenoid valve to close.

3. The air-started turbojet engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The closing unit is a rotation speed detection unit, and the rotation speed detection unit is used to detect the engine rotation speed.

4. The air-started turbojet engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The human-machine interaction unit comprises a start button.

5. The air-started turbojet engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas starting assembly comprises a gas cylinder and a gas source, and the gas cylinder or the gas source is connected to the gas pipe.

6. The air-started turbojet engine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas cylinder, the gas pipe and the solenoid valve are accommodated in the cavity.

7. The gas-started turbojet engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A vaned diffuser is also installed at the front end of the rotor, and the vaned diffuser is located behind the compressor. A mounting plate is pressed on the vaned diffuser, and the outer side of the mounting plate is connected to the inner side of the shell. The mounting plate is also connected to the guide cover and the air intake casing respectively.

8. The air-started turbojet engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: A guide is arranged in front of the turbine, and a tail nozzle is arranged behind the turbine. The tail nozzle is connected to the shell.

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