Deep-sea track driving disturbance intensity testing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a deep-sea track driving disturbance intensity testing device which comprises a testing water tank, a track wheel device and a water jet device. A sediment substrate is laid in the test water tank, the crawler wheel device is movably connected with the test water tank, the pressing depth and the running speed of crawler wheels in the crawler wheel device in the sediment substrate are adjustable, a jet nozzle of the water jet device sprays water flow to a crawler belt, and the height, the target distance, the jet direction and the strength of the jet nozzle are adjustable; a turbidimeter is arranged in the test water tank, and high-speed cameras are arranged on the front face and the side face of the test water tank respectively. According to the utility model, the driving process of the deep-sea crawler belt in seabed sediments can be simulated, and the disturbance intensity of crawler belt driving on the sediments can be accurately evaluated; through the flowing device in the water tank, seabed water flow environments in different directions and at different speeds can be simulated, so that the test is closer to the actual working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of deep-sea mineral resource development, in particular to a deep-sea crawler running disturbance intensity testing device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous deepening of deep-sea resource development, the mining of polymetallic nodules has become an important direction for the development of marine resources. In the offshore polymetallic nodule mining experiments at home and abroad, crawler mining vehicles are generally used as the main mining tools. This mining vehicle drives the crawler to operate through a motor, and uses the grouser to shear the seabed sediments, thereby generating the necessary traction to achieve steady-state driving. The existing mining method will cause the problem of disturbance of seabed sediments. Due to the extremely small particle size of seabed sediments, the sediments are mixed with water under the shearing and disturbance of the grouser to form a mud-water mixed plume. This plume diffuses under the action of the seabed current and may have an adverse effect on the biological environment of the surrounding water body. The sediment particles in the plume gradually settle during the diffusion process, which will affect the surface organisms on the seabed. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor and evaluate the environmental impact and control the disturbance to the environment during mining activities.

[0003] At present, the research on the environmental impact caused by the driving process of mining vehicles is still in its infancy. It mainly uses monitoring instruments such as turbidity meters to monitor relevant data and try to conduct environmental impact assessment. However, there is a lack of unified detection and evaluation methods for the excitation characteristics of plumes under different driving disturbance intensities, and it is impossible to accurately measure and record the disturbance intensity and plume characteristics generated during crawler driving. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a deep-sea crawler travel disturbance intensity testing device for testing the relationship between the diffusion of plume formation and the shear disturbance intensity of the grouser.

[0005] The utility model provides a deep-sea crawler travel disturbance intensity testing device, comprising a test water tank, a crawler wheel device and a water jet device; a sediment bottom is laid in the test water tank, the crawler wheel device is movably connected to the test water tank, the depression depth of the crawler wheel in the crawler wheel device in the sediment bottom and the travel speed are adjustable, the jet nozzle of the water jet device sprays water onto the crawler, and the height, target distance, jet direction and intensity of the jet nozzle are adjustable; a turbidity meter is arranged in the test water tank, and high-speed cameras are respectively arranged on the front and side of the test water tank.

[0006] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned device, the test water tank is a rectangular box with an open upper end, and its four sides are transparent glass plates; scales are engraved on both sides of each glass plate; a group of valve ports are provided on both short sides of the test water tank, and the two groups of valve ports are connected by a water pipe with a two-way water pump to form a closed loop.

[0007] In one embodiment of the above device, the test water tank and the track wheel device are movably connected via a synchronous belt and a movable frame.

[0008] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned device, synchronous belts are installed on both long sides of the test water tank, the synchronous belts are electric guide rails, and the sliders on the two electric guide rails slide synchronously; the movable frame includes a crossbeam and a column; the crossbeam is mounted on the two sliders, and the two columns are respectively fixed on both sides of the crossbeam.

[0009] In one embodiment of the above device, the track wheel device includes a limit plate, a lifting screw, a track wheel and a rotary motor; the limit plate is a rectangular thick plate, and the limit plate is connected to the column through the lifting screw; the lifting screw is arranged on the connecting seat, and the back of the connecting seat is fastened to the column; the slider on the lifting screw is fastened to the limit plate; a group of limit plates and lifting screws are fixed in relative directions of the two columns; a rotatable track wheel is fixed between the two limit plates; and a rotary motor is fixed to the outer side of one of the limit plates.

[0010] In one embodiment of the above device, a plume suppression cover is fixed on the track wheel, and the plume suppression cover only contacts with the wheel frame of the track wheel.

[0011] In one embodiment of the above device, the water jet device includes a jet tube, a jet screw, a jet mount and a water pipe; the jet tube is a rectangular closed long tube, and a plurality of jet nozzles are opened on the side facing the track wheel; the center of the top surface of the jet tube is connected to the water pipe, and the two sides of the top surface are respectively fixedly connected to the jet screw, and are connected to the jet mount through the jet screw and limited on the cross beam; one end of the jet mount is fixed on the cross beam, and the other end is provided with an oblong hole; a nut is threadedly connected to the jet screw, and is hung on the jet mount through the nut; the bottom end of the water pipe is connected to the jet tube, and the top end extends out of the test water tank to receive water from the outside.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0013] 1. It can simulate the driving process of deep-sea crawlers in seabed sediments and accurately evaluate the disturbance intensity of crawler driving on sediments; through the flow device in the water tank, it can simulate the seabed water flow environment of different directions and speeds, making the test closer to the actual working conditions;

[0014] 2. It can conduct tests under various conditions such as different driving speeds, different depression depths, and different track tooth types, and comprehensively evaluate the impact of these factors on plume excitation; the addition of plume suppression hoods and water jet devices can test the plume diffusion suppression effect and provide data support for optimized design;

[0015] 3. The height and position of the track wheel are adjustable to meet different test requirements and are highly flexible; the height, target distance and angle of the water jet nozzle are all adjustable to facilitate control tests under various conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Axonometric structural diagram of the moving frame, crawler wheel device and water jet device.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the front structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the relevant technical solutions. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, the deep-sea crawler travel disturbance intensity testing device disclosed in this embodiment includes a test water tank 1, a synchronous belt 2, a moving frame 3, a crawler wheel device 4, a water jet device 5 and a high-speed camera 6.

[0022] The test water tank 1 is a rectangular box with an open upper end, and its four sides are transparent glass plates. Both sides of each glass plate are engraved with scales.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, a set of valve ports 11 are provided on both short sides of the test water tank, and the two sets of valve ports are connected by a water pipe with a two-way water pump to form a closed loop. Through the action of the two-way water pump, the flow of seabed water flow is simulated in the water tank. A turbidity meter 12 is provided on one short side of the test water tank. The bottom of the inner cavity of the test water tank is provided with a sediment substrate 13 for simulation.

[0024] A group of valve ports are arranged on both short sides of the test water tank, and the two groups of valve ports are connected by a water pipe with a two-way water pump to form a closed loop; a turbidity meter is arranged on one side of the test water tank.

[0025] Synchronous belts 2 are installed on both long sides of the test water tank 1. The synchronous belts are electric guide rails, and the sliders on the two electric guide rails can slide synchronously.

[0026] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the moving frame 3 includes a crossbeam 31 and a column 32. The crossbeam is mounted on two slide blocks, and the two columns are respectively fixed on both sides of the crossbeam.

[0027] The crawler wheel device 4 includes a limit plate 41 , a lifting screw 42 , a crawler wheel 43 , a rotary motor 44 and a plume suppression cover 45 .

[0028] The limit plate 41 is a rectangular thick plate, and the limit plate is connected to the column 32 through a lifting screw rod 42. The lifting screw rod is arranged on the connecting seat, and the back of the connecting seat is fastened and fixed to the column; the slider on the lifting screw rod is fastened and connected to the limit plate.

[0029] A set of limit plates 41 and lifting screws 42 are fixed on the opposite directions of the two columns. A rotatable track wheel 43 is fixed between the two limit plates. The track wheel can be disassembled and replaced with tracks of different sizes. A rotary motor 44 is fixed on the outside of one of the limit plates to drive the track wheel to rotate.

[0030] A plume suppression cover 45 is fixed to the track wheel 43. The plume suppression cover is only in contact with the wheel frame of the track wheel and does not move with the rotation of the track wheel.

[0031] The water jet device 5 includes a jet tube 51 , a jet screw 52 , a jet mount 53 and a water pipe 54 .

[0032] The jet pipe 51 is a rectangular closed long pipe, and a plurality of jet nozzles are provided on the side facing the track wheel 43 .

[0033] The center of the top surface of the jet tube 51 is connected to the water pipe 54 , and both sides of the top surface are fixedly connected to the jet screw 52 respectively, and are connected to the jet hanging seat 53 through the jet screw to be limited on the crossbeam 31 .

[0034] One end of the jet mount 53 is fixed on the crossbeam 31, and the other end is provided with an oblong hole; a nut is threadedly connected to the jet screw 52, ​​and the jet screw 52 is hung on the jet mount through the nut. The relative position between the jet screw and the jet mount can be adjusted by rotating the nut, driving the jet tube to move up and down.

[0035] The bottom end of the water pipe 54 is connected to the jet pipe 51, and the top end extends out of the test water tank 1 to receive water from the outside.

[0036] There are two high-speed cameras 6, which are respectively arranged on the front and side of the test water tank.

[0037] The method of using this test device to test is as follows:

[0038] 1. Preparation

[0039] The simulated sediment substrate is evenly laid at the bottom of the test water tank, and water is filled into the test water tank to the specified water level; the two sets of valve ports of the test water tank are connected and closed through a water pipe with a two-way water pump, and it is ensured that there is no water leakage in the water tank; a turbidity meter is installed on the short side of the test water tank to record the turbidity value generated by the track wheel running during the test in real time; high-speed cameras are set on the front and side of the test water tank respectively to record the plume diffusion during the test.

[0040] 2. Set up the synchronous belt and mobile rack

[0041] Install the mobile frame on the synchronous belt to ensure that the mobile frame can slide smoothly on the synchronous belt; adjust the position and height of the track wheel device as needed to make the track wheel contact with the simulated sediment bottom.

[0042] 3. Simulate crawler driving process

[0043] The motor of the electric guide rail is operated to make the moving frame do reciprocating linear motion; the rotary motor on the track wheel is operated to drive the track wheel to do circular rotation; the rotary speeds of the two motors are coupled and linked to simulate the track to roll forward at a specified driving line speed to shear the sediment.

[0044] 4. Simulate different indentation depths

[0045] By adjusting the lifting screw rods on both sides of the mobile frame, the up and down position of the track wheel can be adjusted to simulate the different depression depths of the track in the sediment.

[0046] 5. Simulate the effect of seabed currents

[0047] Operate the two-way water pump to circulate water in the water tank and the water pipes at the valve ports on both sides of the water tank, so that the water in the test water tank will flow in a variable direction, simulating the flow effect of submarine water currents.

[0048] 6. Test on the effect of plume diffusion suppression

[0049] Install the plume suppression cover on the track wheel; adjust the jet screw and jet mount to align the jet tube with the track wheel and adjust the height and target distance of the jet tube; start the two-way water pump to inject water into the jet tube through the water pipe to control the direction and intensity of the jet;

[0050] Control tests were carried out with and without the plume suppression hood installed, and with and without the water jet device turned on to test the plume diffusion suppression effect.

[0051] 7. Test the effect of tooth shape on plume excitation

[0052] Replace the tooth profile on the track wheel and repeat the test in step 6, recording the effect of different tooth profiles on plume excitation.

[0053] 8. Recording plume formation and spread

[0054] Operate the track wheels forward to shear the simulated bottom sediment, and use high-speed cameras in two directions to record the formation of plume under shearing action and its diffusion in the water flow; use the scale markings on the transparent wall of the water tank to record the three-dimensional dimensions of the height, width and distance of the plume diffusion; use the turbidity meter to record the turbidity value generated by the track wheels.

[0055] 9. Data Analysis

[0056] Control tests were carried out under different conditions, and the influencing factors of the plume excitation characteristics were evaluated based on the three-dimensional size data and turbidity values ​​of the plume diffusion. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the relationship between the formation and diffusion of the plume and the shear disturbance intensity of the grouser under different driving speeds, depression depths, tooth structures, cover effects, jet effects and seabed current effects.

[0057] The advantages of using this device for testing are:

[0058] 1. Simulate the real environment: The device can simulate the driving process of deep-sea crawlers in seabed sediments and accurately evaluate the disturbance intensity of the crawlers on the sediments. Through the flow device in the water tank, the seabed water flow environment of different directions and speeds can be simulated, making the test closer to the actual working conditions.

[0059] 2. Multifunctional testing capability: The device can conduct tests under various conditions, including different driving speeds, different depression depths, different track tooth types, etc., to comprehensively evaluate the impact of these factors on plume excitation; the addition of a plume suppression hood and a water jet device can test the plume diffusion suppression effect and provide data support for optimized design.

[0060] 3. Flexible adjustment: The height and position of the track wheel are adjustable to meet different test requirements and are highly flexible. The height, target distance and angle of the water jet nozzle are all adjustable to facilitate control tests under various conditions.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although detailed descriptions are made with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A deep-sea crawler travel disturbance intensity testing device, characterized in that: It includes a test water tank, a track wheel device and a water jet device; A sediment bottom is laid in the test water tank, and the track wheel device is movably connected to the test water tank. The depression depth and driving speed of the track wheels in the track wheel device in the sediment bottom are adjustable. The jet nozzle of the water jet device sprays water onto the track, and the height, target distance, jet direction and intensity of the jet nozzle are adjustable. A turbidity meter is provided in the test water tank, and high-speed cameras are provided on the front and side of the test water tank respectively.

2. The deep-sea crawler travel disturbance intensity testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test water tank is a rectangular box with an open upper end, and its four sides are transparent glass plates; scales are engraved on both sides of each glass plate; a group of valve ports are provided on both short sides of the test water tank, and the two groups of valve ports are connected by a water pipe with a two-way water pump to form a closed loop.

3. The deep-sea crawler travel disturbance intensity testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test water tank and the track wheel device are movably connected via a synchronous belt and a movable frame.

4. The deep-sea crawler travel disturbance intensity testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two long sides of the test water tank are both equipped with synchronous belts, which are electric guide rails, and the sliders on the two electric guide rails slide synchronously; the moving frame includes a beam and a column; the beam is mounted on the two sliders, and the two columns are respectively fixed on both sides of the beam.

5. The deep-sea crawler travel disturbance intensity testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crawler wheel device comprises a limit plate, a lifting screw rod, a crawler wheel and a rotary motor; The limit plate is a rectangular thick plate, which is connected to the column through a lifting screw; the lifting screw is arranged on a connecting seat, and the back of the connecting seat is fastened to the column; the slider on the lifting screw is fastened to the limit plate; a group of limit plates and lifting screws are fixed in the relative directions of the two columns; a rotatable crawler wheel is fixed between the two limit plates; a rotary motor is fixed to the outer side of one of the limit plates.

6. The deep-sea crawler travel disturbance intensity testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plume suppression cover is fixed on the track wheel, and the plume suppression cover only contacts with the wheel frame of the track wheel.

7. The deep-sea crawler travel disturbance intensity testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water jet device comprises a jet tube, a jet screw, a jet hanger and a water pipe; The jet tube is a rectangular closed long tube, which has multiple jet nozzles on the side facing the track wheel; the center of the top surface of the jet tube is connected to the water pipe, and the two sides of the top surface are respectively fixedly connected to the jet screw, and are connected to the jet mount through the jet screw and limited on the crossbeam; one end of the jet mount is fixed on the crossbeam, and the other end is provided with an oblong hole; a nut is threadedly connected to the jet screw, and is hung on the jet mount through the nut; the bottom end of the water pipe is connected to the jet tube, and the top end extends out of the test water tank to receive water from the outside.

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