Modularized bronchoscope teaching simulation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a modularized bronchoscope teaching simulation device, which belongs to the field of medical instruments and comprises a trachea assembly, a trachea fork, a right bronchus assembly and a left bronchus assembly. The adjacent trachea sections are connected through the connecting cartilage rings; the air pipe section is connected with the air pipe fork through a supporting assembly; the second end of the trachea fork is connected with the first end of the right main branch pipe, the second end of the right main branch pipe is connected with the right upper leaf branch pipe, and the third end of the right main branch pipe is connected with the first end of the right middle branch pipe; the second end of the right middle branch air pipe is connected with the right middle branch air pipe, and the third end of the right middle branch air pipe is connected with the right lower branch air pipe; the third end of the trachea branch is connected with the first end of the left main branch pipe; the second end of the left main branch air pipe is connected with the upper left branch air pipe, and the third end of the left main branch air pipe is connected with the lower left branch air pipe. The medical teaching aid is convenient to assemble and clean, can meet diversified medical education and training requirements, and improves the teaching effect and the skill level of an operator.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of medical apparatus and instruments, in particular to a modular bronchoscope teaching simulation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hard bronchoscope technology, tracheal intubation, especially bronchoscope stent placement, ultrasonic bronchoscope biopsy, cold ablation and heat ablation are common emergency and intensive care techniques in respiratory department, and are widely used in respiratory obstruction, respiratory failure and other conditions. In medical education and training, bronchoscope teaching simulation devices are widely used to simulate real bronchoscope operation, help students and medical staff master correct operation skills and improve the ability to cope with emergency and complex situations.

[0003] The existing bronchoscope teaching simulation devices mostly have the following problems: 1. Single structure: Most experimental devices are integrated structures that cannot be disassembled and assembled, which makes it very difficult to maintain and clean the device. 2. Fixed diameter of simulated trachea: The existing experimental devices can usually only simulate one specific tracheal diameter, and cannot adapt to the differences in tracheal diameters of different populations, such as adults, children and the elderly. 3. Limited experimental mode: Due to structural and functional limitations, existing experimental devices can only perform single-mode intubation operation practice for a certain condition, and lack the structure of diversified experimental simulation of different conditions in the same device, which cannot well improve the operation ability to cope with various emergency conditions that may actually occur.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a modular bronchoscope teaching simulation device. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a modular bronchoscope teaching simulation device, which is provided with modular tracheal segments, tracheal branches and bronchial components, adjustable inner diameter size simulation mucosa layer is arranged in the tracheal segment, and simulation lesion points are placed in the tracheal segment, the path of tracheal intubation and hard bronchial stent placement under bronchoscope is simulated, so that the utility model can meet the diversified medical education and training needs, improve the teaching effect and the skill level of the operator.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model discloses the following technical scheme:

[0007] The application discloses a modular bronchoscope teaching simulation device which comprises a trachea assembly, a trachea branch, a right bronchus assembly and a left bronchus assembly; the trachea assembly comprises trachea sections, left connecting cartilage rings, right connecting cartilage rings and trachea side covers, and the left connecting cartilage rings and the right connecting cartilage rings are arranged between two adjacent trachea sections; a simulated mucosa layer is arranged in the trachea section, and a simulated lesion point is arranged in the interlayer of the simulated mucosa layer and the inner wall of the trachea section; the trachea side cover is arranged on the outer wall of the trachea section, the lower end of the trachea section is connected with the first end of the trachea branch through a supporting assembly; the right bronchus assembly comprises a right main bronchus, a right upper lobe bronchus, a right intermediate segment bronchus, a right middle lobe bronchus and a right lower lobe bronchus; the left bronchus assembly comprises a left main bronchus, a left upper lobe bronchus and a left lower lobe bronchus; the trachea branch, the right main bronchus, the right intermediate segment bronchus and the left main bronchus each comprise a semicircular front section and a semicircular rear section, and the front section and the rear section are connected through a clamping groove and a clamping block; the second end of the trachea branch is connected with the first end of the right main bronchus, the second end of the right main bronchus is connected with the right upper lobe bronchus, the third end of the right main bronchus is connected with the first end of the right intermediate segment bronchus; the second end of the right intermediate segment bronchus is connected with the right middle lobe bronchus, the third end of the right intermediate segment bronchus is connected with the right lower lobe bronchus; the third end of the trachea branch is connected with the first end of the left main bronchus; the second end of the left main bronchus is connected with the left upper lobe bronchus, and the third end of the left main bronchus is connected with the left lower lobe bronchus.

[0008] Preferably, the left connecting cartilage ring and the right connecting cartilage ring are symmetrically arranged and surround the connecting position of two adjacent trachea sections, the inner side of the left connecting cartilage ring and the right connecting cartilage ring is respectively provided with a limiting groove, and the end of the trachea section is provided with a protrusion matched with the limiting groove; the first end of the left connecting cartilage ring and the right connecting cartilage ring is respectively provided with a connecting groove, and the two connecting grooves are connected through a wedge block; the second end of the left connecting cartilage ring and the right connecting cartilage ring is respectively provided with a pin hole, and the second end of the left connecting cartilage ring and the right connecting cartilage ring is fixedly connected through the cooperation of a fixing pin and the pin hole.

[0009] Preferably, the supporting assembly comprises a rotating disc, a rotating disc connecting piece and a pressure bearing block, the rotating disc and the pressure bearing block are arranged in the bottom groove of the rotating disc connecting piece, the pressure bearing block is arranged on the rotating disc, the side wall of the rotating disc is provided with a pulling rod which can drive the rotating disc to rotate, the top of the rotating disc connecting piece is connected with the lower end of the trachea section through the left connecting cartilage ring and the right connecting cartilage ring, and the bottom circumference of the rotating disc connecting piece is provided with a trachea branch connecting buckle, the first end of the trachea branch is provided with a trachea connecting groove, and the trachea branch connecting buckle is clamped in the trachea connecting groove.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure block comprises a sliding column, a support table and a limiting block, the sliding column is arranged at the bottom of the first end of the support table, the limiting block is arranged at the upper part of the first end of the support table, a sliding groove is arranged on the rotating disc, and the sliding column is arranged in the sliding groove.

[0011] Preferably, the tracheal side cover is in an arc shape, the first end of the tracheal side cover is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the tracheal segment through a door shaft, the second end of the tracheal side cover is provided with a closing buckle, a closing buckle groove is arranged on the cartilage ring of the middle part of the tracheal segment, and the closing buckle can be used in cooperation with the closing buckle groove, so that the second end of the tracheal side cover can be opened and closed relative to the tracheal segment.

[0012] Preferably, the simulated mucosa layer is in a cylindrical air bag structure, the middle part of the air bag structure is arranged as a simulated airway, the outer wall and the inner wall of the air bag structure can be inflated to adjust the inner diameter of the simulated airway, the outer wall of the air bag structure is attached to the inner wall of the tracheal segment, the upper and lower end faces of the air bag structures in the adjacent two groups of tracheal segments are in contact, and the bottom end face of the air bag structure in the lowermost tracheal segment is arranged on the support table.

[0013] Preferably, the inside of the connecting port of the second end and the third end of the tracheal segment, the right main bronchus, the right intermediate segment bronchus and the left main bronchus is respectively provided with a bronchus limiting groove, and the first end of the right main bronchus, the left main bronchus, the right intermediate segment bronchus, the right upper lobe bronchus, the right middle lobe bronchus, the right lower lobe bronchus, the left upper lobe bronchus and the left lower lobe bronchus is provided with a limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion is inserted into the corresponding bronchus limiting groove, so that the modules of the right bronchus assembly and the left bronchus assembly are connected in sequence.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1、The utility model discloses a modularized tracheal segment, tracheal segment and bronchus assembly are set up, are assembled in the cross section of airway section, not only convenient to disassemble and assemble and clean maintenance, still can adjust the length of trachea, satisfy the simulation experiment of different length tracheal pipe.

[0016] 2、The utility model discloses a simulation mucosa layer that can adjust the diameter size through the inflation pressurization in the tracheal segment, can switch the different experimental scene of wide and narrow simulated airway, not only increase the diversified simulation experiment mode, still strengthen the versatility and flexibility of experimental device.

[0017] 3、The utility model discloses a simulation focus point is set up in the interlayer in the tracheal segment, can simulate the disease point of different positions, and the experimental process is closer to the operability and satisfies the diversified teaching demand.

[0018] 4, The module of the utility model is transparent, and the operator can clearly observe the details in the operation process. Moreover, the trachea side cover is arranged on the trachea section, which not only facilitates the adjustment of the airway inner diameter of the simulated mucous membrane layer and the replacement of the simulated mucous membrane layer, but also can more clearly observe the operation process in the trachea section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is the whole structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is the trachea back view of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is the structure schematic view of the left connecting cartilage ring of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is the trachea section connecting structure sectional view of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 It is the structure schematic view of the trachea support assembly of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 It is the structure schematic view of the rotary table connecting piece of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 It is the structure schematic view of the pressure bearing block of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 It is the trachea bifurcation front section and rear section splicing structure schematic view of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 9 It is the trachea section sectional view of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 10 It is the structure schematic view of the right upper lobe bronchus of the utility model.

[0029] Part of the drawing in the drawing is as follows:

[0030] 11. Tracheal segment; 111. Simulated lesion point; 112. Simulated mucosal layer; 12. Tracheal side cover; 13. Right connecting cartilage ring; 14. Left connecting cartilage ring; 141. Pin hole; 142. Connecting groove; 15. Wedge block; 16. Turntable; 161. Lever; 17. Pressure block; 171. Sliding column; 172. Support platform; 173. Limiting block; 18. Turntable connector; 181. Tracheal bifurcation connector 1. Connecting buckle; 2. Tracheal bifurcation; 21. Rear section of tracheal bifurcation; 22. Front section of tracheal bifurcation; 23. Tracheal connection groove; 24. Locking groove; 25. Bronchial limiting groove; 31. Right main bronchus; 32. Right upper lobe bronchus; 33. Right middle segment bronchus; 34. Right middle lobe bronchus; 35. Right lower lobe bronchus; 41. Left main bronchus; 42. Left upper lobe bronchus; 43. Left lower lobe bronchus; 5. Limiting protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Exemplary embodiments, features, and aspects of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote elements that have the same or similar functions. Although various aspects of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, they are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.

[0032] This utility model provides a modular bronchoscopy teaching simulation device, such as Figures 1-10 As shown, all components are prefabricated standardized modules assembled in the cross-section of the airway. This not only facilitates disassembly, assembly, cleaning, and maintenance, but also allows for adjustment of the tracheal tube length and airway width to conduct tracheal intubation simulation experiments in different scenarios. All modules of this invention are made of transparent material, facilitating observation of the entire intubation experiment process.

[0033] A modular bronchoscopy teaching simulation device includes a tracheal assembly, a tracheal bifurcation 2, a right bronchus assembly, and a left bronchus assembly.

[0034] The tracheal assembly includes a tracheal segment 11, a left connecting cartilage ring 14, a right connecting cartilage ring 13, and a tracheal side cover 12. Adjacent sets of tracheal segments 11 are connected by the left connecting cartilage ring 14 and the right connecting cartilage ring 13.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the left connecting cartilage ring 14 and the right connecting cartilage ring 13 are symmetrically arranged and surround the connection of two adjacent tracheal segments 11. The inner sides of the left connecting cartilage ring 14 and the right connecting cartilage ring 13 are respectively provided with limiting grooves. The end of the tracheal segment 11 is provided with a protrusion that cooperates with the limiting groove. The protrusion is inserted into the limiting groove to limit the two adjacent tracheal segments 11.

[0036] The first end of the left connecting cartilage ring 14 and the first end of the right connecting cartilage ring 13 are respectively provided with a connecting groove 142, and the two connecting grooves 142 are connected through a wedge block 15. The second end of the left connecting cartilage ring 14 and the second end of the right connecting cartilage ring 13 are respectively provided with a pin hole 141, and the second end of the left connecting cartilage ring 14 and the second end of the right connecting cartilage ring 13 are fixedly connected through a fixing pin and the pin hole 141, so as to connect the adjacent two groups of tracheal segments 11.

[0037] The tracheal segment 11 is provided with a simulated mucosa layer 112, and the simulated lesion point 111 is arranged in the interlayer of the inner wall of the tracheal segment 11 and the simulated mucosa layer 112.

[0038] Specifically, the simulated lesion point 111 can be arranged in any group of tracheal segments 11 or any position in the same group of tracheal segments 11. The utility model can simulate the operation of a bronchoscope under different positions according to the preset multiple simulated lesion points 111, and the experimental process is closer to the actual operation.

[0039] In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the simulated mucosa layer 112 is a cylindrical air bag structure, and the middle of the air bag structure is provided with a simulated airway, i.e. a simulated airway for a bronchoscope. The outer wall and the inner wall of the air bag structure can be inflated to adjust the inner diameter of the simulated airway, so as to provide a simulated experimental scene of wide and narrow airways. The air bag structure can be replaced through the tracheal side cover 12.

[0040] The outer wall of the air bag structure is attached to the inner wall of the tracheal segment 11, and the upper and lower end faces of the air bag structures in the adjacent two groups of tracheal segments 11 are in contact, i.e. the lower end face of the tracheal segment 11 located at the upper part and the upper end face of the tracheal segment 11 located at the lower part are in contact. The bottom end face of the air bag structure in the tracheal segment 11 located at the lowermost end is arranged on the supporting table 172.

[0041] By inflating the outer wall and the inner wall of the simulated mucosa layer 112, the pressure causes the inner wall to compress towards the center, so as to adjust the inner diameter of the tracheal segment 11 from wide to narrow simulation scene. When the pressure is small, the inner wall returns to the standard airway inner diameter, and diversified and multi-scenario simulation experiments can be realized.

[0042] The tracheal side cover 12 is disposed on the outer wall of the tracheal segment 11. Specifically, the tracheal side cover 12 has an arc-shaped structure, and the arc of the tracheal side cover 12 is consistent with the arc of the tracheal segment 11. The first end of the tracheal side cover 12 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the tracheal segment 11 via a hinge. The second end of the tracheal side cover 12 is provided with a closing buckle. Multiple sets of fixed cartilage rings are evenly disposed in the middle of each tracheal segment 11. The cartilage rings in the middle of the tracheal segment are provided with closing grooves. The closing buckle and the closing groove work together to allow the second end of the tracheal side cover 12 to open and close relative to the tracheal segment 11. Opening the tracheal side cover 12 not only allows for the replacement of the simulated mucosal layer 112, but also allows for a clearer and more convenient observation of the internal structure and operation process of the tracheal segment 11.

[0043] The lower end of the tracheal segment 11 is connected to the first end of the tracheal branch 2 via a support assembly. In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the support assembly includes a turntable 16, a turntable connector 18, and a pressure block 17. The turntable 16 and the pressure block 17 are placed in the bottom groove of the turntable connector 18, and the pressure block 17 is disposed on the turntable 16. A lever 161 is provided on the side wall of the turntable 16, and the lever 161 drives the turntable 16 to rotate.

[0044] The top of the turntable connector 18 is connected to the lower end of the tracheal segment 11 via a left connecting cartilage ring 14 and a right connecting cartilage ring 13.

[0045] The bottom circumference of the turntable connector 18 is provided with an air pipe fork connector buckle 181, and the first end circumference of the air pipe fork 2 is provided with an air pipe connection groove 23. The air pipe fork connector buckle 181 is inserted into the air pipe connection groove 23 to connect the turntable connector 18 to the air pipe fork 2.

[0046] Furthermore, the pressure block 17 includes a sliding column 171, a support platform 172, and a limiting block 173. The sliding column is located at the bottom of the first end of the support platform, and the limiting block is located at the top of the first end of the support platform. A sliding groove is provided on the turntable 16, with the grooves evenly distributed and inclined in the same direction. The sliding column 171 is located within the sliding groove. The rotation of the turntable 16 causes the sliding column 171 to slide within the sliding groove. The sliding column 171 drives the support platform 172 to rotate and extend at the bottom of the air pipe section 11.

[0047] Specifically, when it is necessary to reduce the inner diameter of the simulated trachea segment 11, the inner wall of the inflated and pressurized airbag structure compresses towards the simulated airway, narrowing its inner diameter. At this time, moving the lever 161 from one end to the other causes the turntable 16 to rotate, driving the sliding column 171 to slide from one end to the other within the sliding groove. Simultaneously, the support platform 172 extends inwards, and the diameter of the multiple support platforms 172 after simultaneous extension is equal to the inner wall diameter of the airbag structure. This perfectly supports the bottom of the simulated mucosa layer, which expands due to inflation, while ensuring the unobstructed flow of the simulated airway. The outer wall of the airbag structure is then limited by the limiting block 173, allowing for smooth simulation experiments of a narrowed trachea. Releasing the gas from the airbag structure reduces the pressure, causing the inner wall to contract outwards, restoring the simulated airway to its standard diameter. Moving the lever 161 in the opposite direction causes the turntable to rotate, driving the sliding column to slide in the opposite direction, and the support platform retracts into the turntable, restoring the simulated airway to its standard diameter.

[0048] The right bronchial assembly includes the right main bronchus 31, the right upper lobe bronchus 32, the right middle segment bronchus 33, the right middle lobe bronchus 34, and the right lower lobe bronchus 35.

[0049] The left bronchial assembly includes the left main bronchus 41, the left upper lobe bronchus 42, and the left lower lobe bronchus 43.

[0050] The tracheal fork 2 includes a front section 22 and a rear section 21, which are connected by a slot 24 and a locking block. In this invention, the front section 22 is provided with a locking block, and the rear section 21 is provided with a slot 24 that matches the locking block.

[0051] The right main bronchus 31, the right intermediate bronchus 33, and the left main bronchus 41 have the same structure as the tracheal branch 2. They each include a front section and a rear section with the same semi-circular structure, and the locking block on the front section and the locking groove 24 on the rear section are inserted and fixed.

[0052] The first end of the right main bronchus 31 is connected to the second end of the tracheal branch 2, and the first end of the left main bronchus is connected to the third end of the tracheal branch 2. Specifically, bronchial limiting grooves 25 are provided on the inner side of the connection ports of the second and third ends of the tracheal branch 2, and limiting protrusions 5 are provided on the first ends of the right main bronchus 31 and the left main bronchus. The limiting protrusions are inserted into the bronchial limiting grooves 25 for fixed connection.

[0053] The second end of the right main bronchus 31 is connected to the right upper lobe bronchus 32, and the third end of the right main bronchus 31 is connected to the first end of the right intermediate bronchus 33; the second end of the right intermediate bronchus 33 is connected to the right middle lobe bronchus 34, and the third end of the right intermediate bronchus 33 is connected to the right lower lobe bronchus 35.

[0054] The second end of the left main bronchus 41 is connected to the left upper lobe bronchus 42, and the third end of the left main bronchus 41 is connected to the left lower lobe bronchus 43.

[0055] Specifically, the right main bronchus 31, the right intermediate bronchus 33, and the second and third ends of the left main bronchus are all provided with bronchus limiting grooves 25. The first ends of the right intermediate bronchus 33, the right upper lobe bronchus 32, the right middle lobe bronchus 34, the right lower lobe bronchus 35, the left upper lobe bronchus 42, and the left lower lobe bronchus 43 are all provided with limiting protrusions 5. The limiting protrusions 5 are inserted into the corresponding bronchus limiting grooves 25 to connect the modules of the right bronchus assembly and the left bronchus assembly in sequence.

[0056] The specific embodiments of this utility model are further described below:

[0057] Typically, a rigid bronchoscope is inserted into the main bronchial segment for fixation. After passing through the rigid bronchoscope, the flexible tube can be directly inserted into the bronchus to perform intubation experiments targeting simulated lesions within the bronchial segment.

[0058] Taking the example of an adult's trachea requiring the assembly of three sets of tracheal segments 11, with the simulated lesion point 111 located in the lowest tracheal segment 11, and the simulated tracheal diameter being the standard tracheal diameter, the specific operation is as follows:

[0059] First, the front and rear sections of the tracheal segment 11 are snapped together and fixed. Then, the tracheal side cover 12 is usually set on the front section of the tracheal segment 11. The three sets of tracheal segments 11 are then connected and fixed by the left connecting cartilage ring 14 and the right connecting cartilage ring 13.

[0060] Then, the lowest tracheal segment 11 is connected to the support assembly. The support assembly is connected to the first end of the tracheal branch 2. The second end of the tracheal branch 2 is sequentially connected to the right main bronchus 31, right upper lobe bronchus 32, right middle segment bronchus 33, right middle lobe bronchus 34, and right lower lobe bronchus 35 of the right bronchial assembly. The third end of the tracheal branch 2 is sequentially connected to the left main bronchus 41, left upper lobe bronchus 42, and left lower lobe bronchus 43 of the left bronchial assembly. All the above modules are fixed by insertion through the limiting protrusion 5 and the bronchial limiting groove 25 between adjacent modules.

[0061] During the simulation experiment, the device is first placed on the experimental table, simulating the patient's position according to medical requirements. The rigid bronchoscope is then inserted into the tracheal segment 11 and fixed within it. The simulated lesion point 111 is directly observed within the tracheal segment under the endoscope. If the simulated lesion point is located in the bronchus, the flexible tube with the endoscope can be inserted into the bronchus. Throughout the simulation experiment, the insertion and manipulation of the rigid bronchoscope in the simulated airway can be practiced. The transparent device allows for clear observation of the internal structure of the airway, facilitating biopsies or other procedures. After the operation is completed, the rigid bronchoscope is slowly withdrawn from the simulated airway model, simulating postoperative observation and care.

[0062] Since this embodiment uses the standard tracheal inner diameter, the support platform 172 on the support assembly is in a retracted state, and the diameter of the circular hole at the center of the turntable 16 in the support assembly is exactly equal to the inner diameter of the simulated mucosal layer 112 in the tracheal segment 11.

[0063] When the simulated scenario is a child's trachea, one or two sets of tracheal segments 11 are selected according to the actual length of the trachea to match the length of a child's trachea. The space between the two walls of the simulated mucosal layer 112 is inflated and pressurized through the tracheal side cover 12, expanding the inner wall of the airbag structure towards the simulated airway, thus reducing the diameter of the simulated airway and creating an experimental environment with a narrow airway. At this point, the lever 161 needs to be moved to rotate the turntable 16, extending the support platform 172 to support the increased wall thickness of the simulated mucosal layer 112. The experimental process is as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0064] This invention adds diverse simulation experiment methods by setting up a simulated mucosal layer 112 that can adjust the width of the airway and setting up simulated lesion points 111 at different locations. For example, different intubation operations at different angles and simulation scenarios of different difficulty can be used for lesion points at different locations and airways with different widths, so as to meet diverse teaching needs and improve teaching effectiveness and operator skill level.

[0065] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A modular bronchoscopy teaching simulation device, characterized in that: It includes the tracheal assembly, tracheal bifurcation, right bronchial assembly, and left bronchial assembly; The tracheal assembly includes a tracheal segment, a left connecting cartilage ring, a right connecting cartilage ring, and a tracheal side cover. Adjacent tracheal segments are connected by the left and right connecting cartilage rings. A simulated mucosa layer is provided inside the tracheal segment, and simulated lesion points are provided in the interlayer between the simulated mucosa layer and the inner wall of the tracheal segment. The tracheal side cover is provided on the outer wall of the tracheal segment, and the lower end of the tracheal segment is connected to the first end of the tracheal bifurcation through a support assembly. The right bronchial assembly includes the right main bronchus, the right upper lobe bronchus, the right middle segment bronchus, the right middle lobe bronchus, and the right lower lobe bronchus. The left bronchial assembly includes the left main bronchus, the left upper lobe bronchus, and the left lower lobe bronchus; The tracheal bifurcation, right main bronchus, right intermediate bronchus and left main bronchus each include a front section and a rear section with a semi-circular structure, and the front section and the rear section are connected by a slot and a block. The second end of the tracheal bifurcation is connected to the first end of the right main bronchus, the second end of the right main bronchus is connected to the right upper lobe bronchus, the third end of the right main bronchus is connected to the first end of the right middle segment bronchus; the second end of the right middle segment bronchus is connected to the right middle lobe bronchus, and the third end of the right middle segment bronchus is connected to the right lower lobe bronchus. The third end of the tracheal bifurcation is connected to the first end of the left main bronchus; the second end of the left main bronchus is connected to the left upper lobe bronchus; and the third end of the left main bronchus is connected to the left lower lobe bronchus.

2. The modular bronchoscopy teaching simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right connecting cartilage rings are symmetrically arranged and surround the connection between two adjacent tracheal segments. Each of the left and right connecting cartilage rings has a limiting groove on its inner side, and the end of each tracheal segment has a protrusion that mates with the limiting groove. The first end of each of the left and right connecting cartilage rings has a connecting groove, which is connected by a wedge. The second end of each of the left and right connecting cartilage rings has a pin hole, and the second ends of the left and right connecting cartilage rings are fixedly connected by a fixing pin and the pin hole.

3. The modular bronchoscopy teaching simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly includes a turntable, a turntable connector, and a pressure block. The turntable and the pressure block are located in the bottom groove of the turntable connector, and the pressure block is located on the turntable. The turntable sidewall is provided with a lever, which can drive the turntable to rotate. The top of the turntable connector is connected to the lower end of the tracheal section through a left connecting cartilage ring and a right connecting cartilage ring. The bottom circumference of the turntable connector is provided with a tracheal fork connecting buckle, and the first end of the tracheal fork is provided with a tracheal connecting groove, and the tracheal fork connecting buckle is engaged in the tracheal connecting groove.

4. The modular bronchoscopy teaching simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure-bearing block includes a sliding column, a support platform, and a limiting block. The sliding column is located at the bottom of the first end of the support platform, and the limiting block is located at the top of the first end of the support platform. The turntable is provided with a sliding groove, and the sliding column is located in the sliding groove. The rotation of the turntable causes the sliding column to slide in the sliding groove.

5. The modular bronchoscopy teaching simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tracheal side cover has an arc-shaped structure. The first end of the tracheal side cover is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the tracheal segment via a hinge. The second end of the tracheal side cover is provided with a closing buckle. The cartilage ring in the middle of the tracheal segment is provided with a closing groove. The closing buckle can cooperate with the closing groove to allow the second end of the tracheal side cover to open and close relative to the tracheal segment.

6. The modular bronchoscopy teaching simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated mucosal layer is a cylindrical airbag structure. The middle of the airbag structure is set as a simulated airway. The outer wall and inner wall of the airbag structure can be inflated to adjust the inner diameter of the simulated airway. The outer wall of the airbag structure is attached to the inner wall of the tracheal segment. The upper and lower end faces of the airbag structures in two adjacent tracheal segments are in contact. The bottom end face of the airbag structure in the lowest tracheal segment is set on the support platform.

7. The modular bronchoscopy teaching simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner sides of the connecting ports of the second and third ends of the tracheal bifurcation, right main bronchus, right intermediate bronchus, and left main bronchus are each provided with a bronchus limiting groove. The first ends of the right main bronchus, left main bronchus, right intermediate bronchus, right upper lobe bronchus, right middle lobe bronchus, right lower lobe bronchus, left upper lobe bronchus, and left lower lobe bronchus are each provided with a limiting protrusion. The limiting protrusion is inserted into the corresponding bronchus limiting groove so that the modules of the right bronchus assembly and the left bronchus assembly are connected in sequence.

Images