Bank protection structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a bank protection structure which comprises a bank protection retaining wall, a guardrail, ecological bricks, two groups of first concrete curbs, a greenway, two groups of second concrete curbs and an asphalt pavement. Navigation safety is guaranteed through the bank protection retaining wall, damage to the river bank side structure is avoided, meanwhile, connection is conducted through the aquatic plant area, the greenway area and the slope greening area, the river gradually transits to the land environment of the road area from the water surface environment, ecological connection is established, the natural ecological attribute of the river is compensated, and the natural scenery between the river bank and the road is beautified. The normal water level of a river is close to the junction of a concrete retaining wall and a rock-fill layer, a water body generates periodic oscillation due to factors such as wind power, air pressure and ship navigation, or due to environmental factors such as rainy seasons, the water level close to a bank protection retaining wall can rise. When the water level rises, river water easily penetrates through the rock-fill layer to enter the aquatic plant area, so that the aquatic plant area is a relatively humid environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to riverbank protection, and in particular to a bank protection structure. Background Technology

[0002] Riverbanks are typically protected by retaining walls to prevent damage to the riverbank's soil and water structure, and to meet the requirements for vessel passage and flood control. These retaining walls are usually significantly higher than the river's normal water level, directly isolating the river from its banks. This creates a lack of natural transition between the river's surface and the adjacent land environment, resulting in a discontinuity that is detrimental to the ecosystem and aesthetics. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a revetment structure that can solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] This application provides a bank protection structure, comprising, from the bank edge, an aquatic plant area, a greenway area, a slope greening area, and a road area, including:

[0005] The revetment retaining wall is set on the first side of the aquatic plant area away from the greenway area; it includes: multiple first piles for planting, a concrete retaining wall connecting the tops of the multiple first piles, and a layer of riprap on the top surface of the concrete retaining wall.

[0006] Guardrails are installed at the boundary between the aquatic plant area and the greenway area;

[0007] Multiple eco-friendly bricks are laid in the aquatic plant area; aquatic plants are planted in all or part of the area.

[0008] Two sets of first concrete curb stones are set at the junction of the aquatic plant area and the greenway area, and at the junction of the greenway area and the slope greening area, respectively, forming the first paving area and the greenway is paved there;

[0009] Two sets of second concrete curb stones are set at the junction of the greenway area and the road area, and on the second side of the road area away from the slope greening area, forming a second paving area and paving with asphalt pavement.

[0010] In some embodiments, the retaining wall further includes:

[0011] Multiple sheet piles are installed on the first side of the concrete retaining wall away from the aquatic plant area, forming the first backfill area between the sheet piles and the concrete retaining wall, with several permeable holes corresponding to the rockfill layer.

[0012] Multiple second piles are installed on the second side of the concrete retaining wall near the aquatic plant area, forming a second backfill area between the concrete retaining wall and the second piles; the rockfill layer is located between the sheet piles and the second piles.

[0013] Two sets of geotextile are connected to the second side of the sheet pile near the concrete retaining wall and the first side of the second pile near the concrete retaining wall, respectively.

[0014] In some embodiments, the eco-bricks are I-shaped; the protruding portions of two attached eco-bricks can fit into the grooved portions of another eco-brick.

[0015] In some embodiments, the guardrail includes: multiple vertical sections and multiple horizontal sections; the vertical sections have a circular cross-section; the horizontal sections are connected between two adjacent vertical sections; the two ends of the horizontal sections are arc-shaped concave surfaces that match the outer walls of the vertical sections, and the horizontal sections on both sides of the vertical sections are completely staggered in the vertical direction.

[0016] In some embodiments, the greenway consists of, from top to bottom: a permeable brick layer, a cement mortar layer, a concrete subbase, and a gravel subbase.

[0017] In some embodiments, the asphalt pavement consists of, from top to bottom: a fine-grained asphalt layer, a coarse-grained asphalt layer, a cement-stabilized aggregate layer, and an aggregate subbase.

[0018] In summary, this application discloses a riverbank protection structure comprising: a retaining wall, a railing, ecological bricks, two sets of first concrete curb stones, a greenway, two sets of second concrete curb stones, and an asphalt pavement. The retaining wall ensures navigation safety and prevents damage to the riverbank structure, while connecting the river through aquatic plant areas, greenway areas, and slope greening areas. This allows the river to gradually transition from aquatic to terrestrial environments along the road, establishing ecological connections, compensating for the river's natural ecological attributes, and beautifying the natural scenery between the riverbank and the road. The river's normal water level is near the boundary between the concrete retaining wall and the rockfill layer. Periodic oscillations in the water body due to factors such as wind, air pressure, and ship navigation, or environmental factors such as the rainy season, can cause the water level near the retaining wall to rise. This rise in water level allows river water to easily penetrate the rockfill layer and enter the aquatic plant area, creating a relatively humid environment there. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To better illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the background art, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application or the background art will be described below.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of other embodiments of the revetment retaining wall;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a single eco-brick in some embodiments;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the staggered laying of ecological bricks;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a partial sectional view of the guardrail;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 7 Cross-sectional views of the greenway in some embodiments;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of an asphalt pavement in some embodiments.

[0028] In the picture,

[0029] 1. Revetment wall; 11. First pile; 12. Concrete retaining wall; 13. Rockfill layer; 14. Sheet pile; 14a. Drainage hole; 14b. First backfill area; 15. Second pile; 15a. Second backfill area; 16. Geotextile;

[0030] 2. Guardrail; 21. Vertical section; 22. Horizontal section; 2a. Pin;

[0031] 3. Eco-friendly bricks; 3a. Planting cavity; 3b. Raised portion; 3c. Groove portion;

[0032] 4. First concrete curbstone;

[0033] 5. Greenway; 51. Permeable brick layer; 52. Cement mortar layer; 53. Concrete subbase; 54. First crushed stone subbase;

[0034] 6. Second concrete curbstone;

[0035] 7. Asphalt pavement; 71. Fine-grained asphalt layer; 72. Coarse-grained asphalt layer; 73. Cement-stabilized aggregate layer; 74. Second aggregate subbase. Specific Implementation

[0036] The following description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only and not strictly to scale. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should be understood in their ordinary sense by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described object changes. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 A bank protection structure, starting from the bank, consists of an aquatic plant area, a greenway area, a slope greening area, and a road area, including: 1. bank protection wall, 2. railing, 3. ecological bricks, 4. two sets of first concrete curb stones, 5. greenway, 6. two sets of second concrete curb stones, and 7. asphalt pavement.

[0038] The retaining wall 1 is located on the first side of the aquatic plant area away from the greenway area, and includes: multiple first piles 11, a concrete retaining wall 12, and a rockfill layer 13. The multiple first piles 11 are driven into the ground, with the top portion of each pile protruding above the surface. The bottom of the concrete retaining wall 12 is connected to the tops of the multiple first piles 11 during construction. The rockfill layer 13 is on top of the concrete retaining wall 12; more specifically, it can be constructed by stacking stones on top of the concrete retaining wall 12. The height of the concrete retaining wall 12 is designed according to the river's normal water level, which is near the junction of the concrete retaining wall 12 and the rockfill layer 13.

[0039] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the retaining wall 1 further includes: multiple sheet piles 14, multiple second piles 15, and two sets of geotextile fabric 16.

[0040] Multiple sheet piles 14 are installed on the first side of the concrete retaining wall 12 away from the aquatic plant area. U-shaped plastic steel sheet piles 14 can be used. The height of the sheet piles 14 covers the rockfill layer 13, and the portion corresponding to the rockfill layer 13 has several permeable holes 14a. A first backfill area 14b is formed between the multiple sheet piles 14 and the concrete retaining wall 12. That is, a pit is first dug on the first side of the concrete retaining wall 12 away from the aquatic plant area, and multiple sheet piles 14 are inserted. The first side of the multiple sheet piles 14 is the dug pit, and the second side is the first backfill area 14b. Both require earthwork backfilling.

[0041] Multiple second piles 15 are installed on the second side of the concrete retaining wall 12 near the aquatic plant area, with appropriate intervals between adjacent second piles 15. The height of the second piles 15 also covers the rockfill layer 13, so that the rockfill layer 13 is located between the sheet piles 14 and the second piles 15. A second backfill area 15a is formed between the multiple second piles 15 and the concrete retaining wall 12. That is, a pit is first dug on the second side of the concrete retaining wall 12 near the aquatic plant area, and multiple second piles 15 are inserted. The second side of the multiple second piles 15 is the dug pit, and the first side is the second backfill area 15a. Both require earthwork backfilling.

[0042] Two sets of geotextile fabric 16 are respectively connected to the second side of the sheet pile 14 near the concrete retaining wall 12 and the first side of the second pile 15 near the concrete retaining wall 12. The number of layers of geotextile fabric 16 can be specifically designed according to the backfill volume of the first backfill area 14b and the second backfill area 15a. When backfilling the first backfill area 14b and the second backfill area 15a, the rockfill layer 13 is covered. That is, the rockfill layer 13 does not need to use the above-mentioned stacking method, but rather the stones are stacked and used for partial or complete coverage of the backfill. Correspondingly, the first backfill area 14b and the second backfill area 15a use crushed stone mixed with sandy soil for backfilling to ensure good permeability.

[0043] Guardrail 2 is set at the junction of the aquatic plant area and the greenway area, that is, guardrail 2 is inserted into the soil at the junction.

[0044] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the guardrail 2 includes multiple vertical segments 21 and multiple horizontal segments 22. The vertical segments 21 have a circular cross-section. Horizontal segments 22 connect two adjacent vertical segments 21. The number of horizontal segments 22 between two adjacent vertical segments 21 can be designed according to the specific height. In the attached figure, two horizontal segments 22 are designed between two adjacent vertical segments 21 as an example. The two ends of the horizontal segments 22 are arc-shaped concave surfaces that match the outer wall of the vertical segments 21. The horizontal segments 22 on both sides of the vertical segments 21 are completely staggered in the vertical direction, so that the horizontal segments 22 can swing relative to the vertical plate. The guardrail 2 can be easily adjusted during construction to adapt to the direction at the junction of the aquatic plant area and the greenway area. After adjustment, holes are drilled in the vertical segments 21, and pins 2a are inserted into the ends of the vertical segments 21 and the horizontal segments 22 to fix them together.

[0045] Please see Figure 1 Multiple ecological bricks 3 are laid in the aquatic plant area, and all or part of them are planted with aquatic plants. That is, the ecological bricks 3 have planting cavities 3a that are connected to the soil below. The aquatic plants can be emergent types with rhizomes.

[0046] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the eco-brick 3 is I-shaped. The protruding portion 3b of two attached eco-bricks 3 can fit into the groove portion 3c of another eco-brick 3.

[0047] Correspondingly, the eco-bricks 3 are laid in an alternating pattern. The interlocking of the protruding part 3b and the grooved part 3c makes the eco-bricks 3 laid together more stable.

[0048] Two sets of first concrete curb stones 4 are respectively set at the junction of the aquatic plant area and the greenway area, and at the junction of the greenway area and the slope greening area, forming the first paving area. Greenway 5 is paved in the first paving area.

[0049] Please see Figure 7 In some embodiments, the greenway 5 consists of the following layers from top to bottom: permeable brick layer 51, cement mortar layer 52, concrete cushion layer 53, and first crushed stone cushion layer 54.

[0050] Two sets of second concrete curb stones 6 are respectively set at the junction of the greenway area and the road area, and on the second side of the road area away from the slope greening area, forming the second paving area. Asphalt pavement 7 is laid in the second paving area.

[0051] Please see Figure 8 In some embodiments, the asphalt pavement 7 consists of, from top to bottom: a fine-grained asphalt layer 71, a coarse-grained asphalt layer 72, a cement-stabilized crushed stone layer 73, and a second crushed stone subbase 74.

[0052] The retaining wall 1 ensures navigation safety and prevents damage to the riverbank structure. Simultaneously, it connects the river through aquatic plant areas, greenways, and slope greening areas, allowing the river to gradually transition from aquatic to terrestrial environments, establishing ecological connections, compensating for the river's natural ecological attributes, and beautifying the natural scenery between the riverbank and the road. The river's normal water level is near the junction of the concrete retaining wall 12 and the rockfill layer 13. Periodic oscillations in the water level due to wind, air pressure, and ship navigation, or environmental factors such as the rainy season, can cause the water level near the retaining wall 1 to rise. This rise in water level allows river water to easily penetrate the rockfill layer 13 and enter the aquatic plant area, creating a relatively humid environment there.

Claims

1. A revetment structure characterised in that, From the shore, in turn, aquatic plant area, greenway area, slope greening area, road area, including: Bank protection retaining wall (1) is set in the first side of the aquatic plant area away from the greenway area; including: a plurality of first piles (11) for inserting the ground, a concrete retaining wall (12) connecting the top ends of the plurality of first piles (11), a rock layer (13) on the top surface of the concrete retaining wall (12); Guardrail (2) is set at the junction of the aquatic plant area and the greenway area; A plurality of ecological bricks (3) are laid in the aquatic plant area; all or part of the aquatic plants are planted; Two groups of first concrete curbs (4) are respectively set at the junction of the aquatic plant area and the greenway area, and the junction of the greenway area and the slope greening area, forming a first laying area and laying a greenway (5); Two groups of second concrete curbs (6) are respectively set at the junction of the greenway area and the road area, and the second side of the road area away from the slope greening area, forming a second laying area and laying an asphalt pavement (7).

2. A revetment structure according to claim 1, characterised in that, The bank protection retaining wall (1) further comprises: A plurality of sheet piles (14) are set on the first side of the concrete retaining wall (12) away from the aquatic plant area, and a first backfill area (14b) is formed between the concrete retaining wall (12) and the sheet piles (14), and a plurality of water permeable holes (14a) are provided on the part corresponding to the rock layer (13); A plurality of second piles (15) are set on the second side of the concrete retaining wall (12) close to the aquatic plant area, and a second backfill area (15a) is formed between the concrete retaining wall (12) and the second piles (15); the rock layer (13) is between the sheet piles (14) and the second piles (15); Two groups of geotextiles (16) are respectively connected to the second side of the sheet piles (14) close to the concrete retaining wall (12) and the first side of the second piles (15) close to the concrete retaining wall (12).

3. A revetment structure according to claim 1, wherein The ecological brick (3) is in the shape of an I-beam; the convex part (3b) of the two ecological bricks (3) can be fitted into the groove part (3c) of another ecological brick (3).

4. A revetment structure according to claim 1, wherein The guardrail (2) comprises: a plurality of vertical sections (21) and a plurality of horizontal sections (22); the vertical section (21) is circular in cross section; the horizontal section (22) is connected between two adjacent vertical sections (21); the two ends of the horizontal section (22) are arc-shaped concave surfaces matching the outer wall of the vertical section (21), and the horizontal sections (22) on both sides of the vertical section (21) are completely staggered in the up-down direction.

5. A revetment structure according to claim 1, wherein The greenway (5) from top to bottom in turn: water permeable brick layer (51), cement mortar layer (52), concrete cushion layer (53), first crushed stone cushion layer (54).

6. A revetment structure according to claim 1, wherein the asphalt The road surface (7) from top to bottom in turn: fine-grained asphalt layer (71), coarse-grained asphalt layer (72), cement crushed stone stabilized layer (73), second crushed stone cushion layer (74).

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