Atomic magnetometer and temperature acquisition circuit thereof

Abstract

The utility model discloses an atomic magnetometer and a temperature acquisition circuit thereof, and the temperature acquisition circuit of the atomic magnetometer comprises a signal processing unit which is configured to generate an AC signal, and the frequency of the AC signal is configured outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer; the input end of the excitation source generation unit is connected with the output end of the signal processing unit, the output end of the excitation source generation unit is suitable for being connected with a temperature sensor in the atom magnetometer, and the excitation source generation unit is configured to generate an alternating current excitation source according to the alternating current signal and apply the alternating current excitation source to the temperature sensor; the input end of the temperature acquisition unit is suitable for being connected with a temperature sensor, the output end of the temperature acquisition unit is connected with the acquisition end of the signal processing unit, and the temperature acquisition unit is configured to acquire a voltage signal of the temperature sensor and send the voltage signal to the signal processing unit; and the signal processing unit determines temperature information detected by the temperature sensor according to the voltage signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of atomic magnetometer technology, and in particular to an atomic magnetometer and its temperature acquisition circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Atomic magnetometers typically use temperature sensors for auxiliary temperature control. Conventional temperature acquisition schemes use a DC excitation source to excite the temperature sensor, acquiring the voltage value across the sensor and then using PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) regulation to maintain a constant temperature. However, in applications using atomic spin magnetometers, DC excitation generates an additional magnetic field that interferes with the magnetometer's operation. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the first objective of this invention is to provide a temperature acquisition circuit for an atomic magnetometer, which uses an AC excitation source with a frequency outside the bandwidth of the atomic magnetometer to power the temperature sensor. The magnetic field generated by the AC excitation source is outside the bandwidth of the atomic magnetometer and will not interfere with its operation.

[0004] The second objective of this invention is to provide an atomic magnetometer.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a temperature acquisition circuit for an atomic magnetometer is provided according to a first aspect of the present invention, comprising: a signal processing unit configured to generate an AC signal, wherein the frequency of the AC signal is configured outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer; an excitation source generation unit, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing unit, the output terminal of which is adapted to connect to a temperature sensor in the atomic magnetometer, and configured to generate an AC excitation source based on the AC signal and apply the AC excitation source to the temperature sensor to power the temperature sensor; and a temperature acquisition unit, the input terminal of which is adapted to connect to the temperature sensor, the output terminal of which is connected to the acquisition terminal of the signal processing unit, and configured to acquire a voltage signal from the temperature sensor and send the voltage signal to the signal processing unit so that the signal processing unit can determine the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor based on the voltage signal.

[0006] The temperature acquisition circuit of the atomic magnetometer according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a signal processing unit, an excitation source generation unit, and a temperature acquisition unit. The frequency of the AC signal generated by the signal processing unit is outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer. Therefore, the frequency of the AC excitation source generated by the excitation source generation unit based on the AC signal is also outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer. Then, the AC excitation source is used to power the temperature sensor, and the voltage signal of the temperature sensor is acquired by the temperature acquisition unit. Because the magnetic field generated by the AC excitation source is not within the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer, it will not affect the operation of the atomic magnetometer when acquiring temperature.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the excitation source generation unit includes: a differential amplifier, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of a signal processing unit, the first output terminal of which is adapted to be connected to a temperature sensor and configured to convert an AC signal into an AC excitation source and apply the AC excitation source to the temperature sensor; and a voltage follower, the first input terminal of which is connected to the first output terminal of the differential amplifier, the second input terminal and the output terminal of which are respectively connected to the second output terminal of the differential amplifier and configured to feed back the voltage of the first output terminal of the differential amplifier to the second output terminal of the differential amplifier.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a differential amplifier includes: a first resistor, one end of which is connected to the output terminal of a signal processing unit; a second resistor, one segment of which is connected to the other end of the first resistor and has a first node, the other end of which is connected to the output terminal of a voltage follower; a first operational amplifier, the positive input terminal of which is connected to the first node; a third resistor, one segment of which is connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier, the other end of which is grounded; a fourth resistor, which is disposed between the negative input terminal and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier; a first capacitor, which is connected in parallel between the two ends of the fourth resistor; and a fifth resistor, one segment of which is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier, the other end of which is connected to the first input terminal of the voltage follower.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the resistance values ​​of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor, and the fourth resistor are equal.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the voltage follower includes: a second operational amplifier, the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier being the first input terminal of the voltage follower, and the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier being connected to the output terminal.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature acquisition unit includes: a low-pass filter, the input terminal of which is adapted to be connected to a temperature sensor and configured to filter out high-frequency signals in a voltage signal; a second capacitor, one end of which is connected to the output terminal of the low-pass filter; and a sixth resistor, one end of which is connected to the other end of the second capacitor and the other end of which is connected to the acquisition terminal of the signal processing unit.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a low-pass filter includes: a seventh resistor, one end of which is adapted to be connected to one end of a temperature sensor; an eighth resistor, one end of which is adapted to be connected to the other end of the temperature sensor; a third capacitor, one end of which is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor and has a second node, and the other end of which is connected to the other end of the eighth resistor and has a third node; a fourth capacitor, one end of which is connected to the third node and the other end of which is grounded; a fifth capacitor, one end of which is connected to the second node and the other end of which is grounded; a third operational amplifier, the positive input terminal of which is connected to the third node, the negative input terminal of which is connected to the second node, and the output terminal of which is connected to one end of the second capacitor; and a ninth resistor, which is connected in parallel between the positive and negative input terminals of the third operational amplifier.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature acquisition circuit further includes a filtering unit disposed between the signal processing unit and the excitation source generation unit, and configured to filter out low-frequency noise and high-frequency noise in the AC signal.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the filtering unit includes: a sixth capacitor, one end of which is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing unit; a tenth resistor, one end of which is connected to the other end of the sixth capacitor and has a fourth node, the other end of which is grounded; a fourth operational amplifier, the positive input terminal of which is connected to the fourth node; a seventh capacitor, one end of which is connected to the negative input terminal of the fourth operational amplifier and the other end of which is connected to the output terminal of the fourth operational amplifier; an eleventh resistor, one end of which is connected to the output terminal of the fourth operational amplifier; a twelfth resistor, one end of which is connected to the negative input terminal of the fourth operational amplifier and the other end of which is connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor and has a fifth node; and an eighth capacitor, one end of which is connected to the fifth node and the other end of which is grounded.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, an atomic magnetometer is provided according to a second aspect of the present invention, comprising the temperature acquisition circuit of the atomic magnetometer of any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0016] According to the atomic magnetometer of this utility model embodiment, by employing the temperature acquisition circuit of the atomic magnetometer described above, an AC excitation source with a frequency outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer is used to power the temperature sensor. The magnetic field generated by the AC excitation source is outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer and will not interfere with the operation of the atomic magnetometer.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram of the temperature acquisition circuit of an atomic magnetometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a system schematic diagram of the temperature acquisition circuit of an atomic magnetometer according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the temperature acquisition circuit of an atomic magnetometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the temperature acquisition circuit of an atomic magnetometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an atomic magnetometer system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0024] The atomic magnetometer and its temperature acquisition circuit according to embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram of the temperature acquisition circuit of an atomic magnetometer according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the temperature acquisition circuit 100 of the atomic magnetometer includes: a signal processing unit 10, an excitation source generation unit 20, and a temperature acquisition unit 30.

[0026] The signal processing unit 10 is configured to generate an AC signal, the frequency of which is outside the bandwidth of the atomic magnetometer. The input of the excitation source generation unit 20 is connected to the output of the signal processing unit 10, and the output of the excitation source generation unit 20 is adapted to connect to the temperature sensor 200 in the atomic magnetometer. It is configured to generate an AC excitation source based on the AC signal and apply the AC excitation source to the temperature sensor 200 to power the temperature sensor 200. The input of the temperature acquisition unit 30 is adapted to connect to the temperature sensor 200, and the output of the temperature acquisition unit 30 is connected to the acquisition end of the signal processing unit 10. It is configured to acquire the voltage signal of the temperature sensor 200 and send the voltage signal to the signal processing unit 10 so that the signal processing unit 10 can determine the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor 200 based on the voltage signal.

[0027] Specifically, the signal processing unit 10 generates an AC signal, which is a voltage signal. Since the excitation source for the temperature sensor 200 needs to be a current source, the excitation source generation unit 20 converts the voltage signal into a current source to generate the AC excitation source for the temperature sensor 200. Because the frequency of the AC signal is outside the bandwidth of the atomic magnetometer, the frequency of the AC excitation source is also outside the bandwidth of the atomic magnetometer. Therefore, when the temperature acquisition unit 30 performs temperature acquisition, the magnetic field generated by the AC excitation source is not within the bandwidth of the atomic magnetometer and will not affect the operation of the atomic magnetometer.

[0028] It should be noted that the signal processing unit 10 can be a DSP (Digital Signal Processing) chip. The DSP chip integrates multiple ADCs (Analog-to-Digital Converters) and DACs (Digital-to-Analog Converters). The DAC generates AC signals, and the ADCs process the voltage signals. The DSP chip generates an internal oscillation signal, performs digital correlation processing, low-pass filtering, and finally calculates the amplitude and phase, thus realizing the function of a digital lock-in amplifier. The digital lock-in amplifier utilizes the correlation between the reference signal and the voltage signal, while remaining uncorrelated with noise, to complete the measurement, improving measurement accuracy and ultimately extracting temperature information.

[0029] In the above embodiments, the frequency of the AC signal is outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer. Therefore, the frequency of the AC excitation source generated based on the AC signal is also outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer. The magnetic field generated by the AC excitation source when powering the temperature sensor is within the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer and will not affect the operation of the atomic magnetometer.

[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the excitation source generation unit 20 includes a differential amplifier 21 and a voltage follower 22. The input terminal of the differential amplifier 21 is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing unit 10. The first output terminal of the differential amplifier 21 is adapted to be connected to the temperature sensor 200 and is configured to convert the AC signal into an AC excitation source and apply the AC excitation source to the temperature sensor 200. The first input terminal of the voltage follower 22 is connected to the first output terminal of the differential amplifier 21. The second input terminal and the output terminal of the voltage follower 22 are respectively connected to the second output terminal of the differential amplifier 21 and are configured to feed back the voltage of the first output terminal of the differential amplifier 21 to the second output terminal of the differential amplifier 21.

[0031] In other words, the differential amplifier 21 converts the voltage signal output by the signal processing unit 10 into a current signal to generate a current source. The voltage follower 22 feeds back the voltage at the first output terminal of the differential amplifier 21 to the second output terminal of the differential amplifier 21. This not only simplifies the circuit of the differential amplifier 21, but also improves the load-carrying capacity of the excitation source generation unit 20.

[0032] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the differential amplifier 21 includes: a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first operational amplifier U1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a first capacitor C1, and a fifth resistor R5. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing unit 10; one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the first resistor R1 and has a first node J1; the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage follower 22; the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the first node J1; one end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is grounded; the fourth resistor R4 is disposed between the negative input terminal and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1; the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel between the two ends of the fourth resistor R4; one end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1, and the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the first input terminal of the voltage follower 22.

[0033] It is understandable that the fifth resistor R5 is the load resistor of the differential amplifier 21. The voltage signal is converted into current through the fifth resistor R5, and the current flowing through the fifth resistor R5 is the output current of the differential amplifier 21. Therefore, the output current of the differential amplifier 21 is related to the voltage value of the AC signal generated by the signal processing unit 10 and the resistance value of the fifth resistor R5.

[0034] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the resistance values ​​of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 are equal.

[0035] Specifically, in the current source composed of differential amplifier 21, the resistance values ​​of all resistors except the load resistor are equal, that is, the resistance values ​​of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are equal, which can further simplify the calculation process of the current of the AC excitation source.

[0036] For example, suppose the voltage at the first node J1 is Ux, the voltage at the output of the first operational amplifier U1 is 2Ux, and the voltage at the first input of the voltage follower 22 is 2Ux-Uin, where Uin is the voltage signal output by the signal processing unit 10. Therefore, the voltage across the fifth resistor R5 is 2Ux-(2Ux-Uin)=Uin, and the current of the AC excitation source is Uin / R5.

[0037] In one optional implementation, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, and the fifth resistor R5 are all high-precision low-temperature drift resistors. Because the resistance of low-temperature drift resistors changes little when the temperature changes, the generated AC excitation source is more stable and less prone to change, thereby making the subsequent temperature acquisition more accurate.

[0038] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the voltage follower 22 includes: a second operational amplifier U2, the positive input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is the first input terminal of the voltage follower 22, and the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to the output terminal.

[0039] It is understandable that the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier U2 is directly connected to the output terminal. Therefore, the voltage gain of the voltage follower 22 is 1, and the input impedance is high and the output impedance is low. Placing the voltage follower 22 between the differential amplifier 21 and the temperature sensor 200 can play a buffering role, making the excitation source generation unit 20 work more stably.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the temperature acquisition unit 30 includes a low-pass filter 31, a second capacitor C2, and a sixth resistor R6. The input terminal of the low-pass filter 31 is adapted to be connected to the temperature sensor 200 and is configured to filter out high-frequency signals in the voltage signal. One end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the output terminal of the low-pass filter 31. One end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the other end of the second capacitor C2, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the acquisition terminal of the signal processing unit 10.

[0041] Specifically, the peak-to-peak value of the current flowing through the temperature sensor 200 from the AC excitation source remains constant, while the resistance of the temperature sensor 200 changes with temperature. Therefore, the temperature acquisition unit 30 acquires the voltage signal from the temperature sensor 200 and filters out high-frequency signals from the voltage signal using a low-pass filter 31, making the voltage signal more accurate. The second capacitor C2 is a DC blocking capacitor, which filters out the DC bias from the filtered voltage signal. Because the voltage value of the voltage signal may not be within the voltage range of the input terminal of the signal processing unit 10, the voltage value of the voltage signal is adjusted through the sixth resistor R6 to meet the voltage range of the input terminal of the signal processing unit 10.

[0042] It should be noted that the resistance value of the sixth resistor R6 can be selected according to the voltage range of the input terminal of the signal processing unit 10.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the low-pass filter 31 includes: a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a fifth capacitor C5, a third operational amplifier U3, and a ninth resistor R9. One end of the seventh resistor R7 is adapted to connect to one end of the temperature sensor 200; one end of the eighth resistor R8 is adapted to connect to the other end of the temperature sensor 200; one end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the other end of the seventh resistor R7 and has a second node J2; the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the other end of the eighth resistor R8 and has a third node J3; one end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the third node J3, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded; one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the second node J2, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded; the positive input terminal of the third operational amplifier U3 is connected to the third node J3, the negative input terminal of the third operational amplifier U3 is connected to the second node J2, and the output terminal of the third operational amplifier U3 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2; the ninth resistor R9 is connected in parallel between the positive and negative input terminals of the third operational amplifier U3.

[0044] Specifically, during temperature acquisition, frequency components higher than half the sampling rate "alias" into the useful frequency band, which will affect the signal processing of the signal processing unit 10. Therefore, before inputting the voltage signal to the signal processing unit 10, it is necessary to filter out the high-frequency signals in the voltage signal. An anti-aliasing filter composed of the seventh resistor R7, the eighth resistor R8, the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, the third operational amplifier U3, and the ninth resistor R9 is used to reduce the aliasing frequency components in the voltage signal to a negligible level, so as not to affect the signal processing of the signal processing unit 10.

[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the temperature acquisition circuit 100 also includes a filtering unit 40, which is disposed between the signal processing unit 10 and the excitation source generation unit 20, and is configured to filter out low-frequency noise and high-frequency noise in the AC signal.

[0046] Specifically, the input terminal of the filtering unit 40 is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing unit 10, and the output terminal of the filtering unit 40 is connected to the input terminal of the excitation source generation unit 20. The filtering unit 40 filters out low-frequency and high-frequency noise in the AC signal output by the signal processing unit 10 and provides it to the excitation source generation unit 20, making the AC excitation source smoother. Furthermore, low-frequency noise may affect the operation of the atomic magnetometer within its bandwidth range. The filtering unit 40 filters out low-frequency noise in the AC signal without affecting the operation of the atomic magnetometer.

[0047] In this embodiment, the AC signal is filtered by the filtering unit, making the AC excitation source smoother. In addition, low-frequency noise in the AC signal is filtered out, so it will not affect the operation of the atomic magnetometer.

[0048] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the filter unit 40 includes: a sixth capacitor C6, a tenth resistor R10, a fourth operational amplifier U4, a seventh capacitor C7, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, and an eighth capacitor C8. One end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing unit 10; one end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 and has a fourth node; the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is grounded; the positive input terminal of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is connected to the fourth node; one end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the negative input terminal of the fourth operational amplifier U4, and the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the output terminal of the fourth operational amplifier U4; one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the output terminal of the fourth operational amplifier U4; one end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the negative input terminal of the fourth operational amplifier U4, and the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 and has a fifth node; one end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the fifth node, and the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is grounded.

[0049] In other words, the sixth capacitor C6, the tenth resistor R10, the fourth operational amplifier U4, the seventh capacitor C7, the eleventh resistor R11, the twelfth resistor R12, and the eighth capacitor C8 constitute a third-order bandpass filter. It should be noted that the filter unit 40 is not limited to the aforementioned third-order bandpass filter; it can also be other filters or third-order bandpass filters with other structures, such as a second-order bandpass filter. Specific limitations are not specified here.

[0050] In summary, the temperature acquisition circuit of the atomic magnetometer according to the embodiment of this utility model includes a signal processing unit, an excitation source generation unit, and a temperature acquisition unit. The frequency of the AC signal generated by the signal processing unit is outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer. Therefore, the frequency of the AC excitation source generated by the excitation source generation unit based on the AC signal is also outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer. Then, the AC excitation source is used to power the temperature sensor, and the voltage signal of the temperature sensor is acquired by the temperature acquisition unit. Because the magnetic field generated by the AC excitation source is not within the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer, it will not affect the operation of the atomic magnetometer when performing temperature acquisition.

[0051] Corresponding to the above embodiments, this utility model also proposes an atomic magnetometer. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the atomic magnetometer 300 includes the temperature acquisition circuit 100 of the atomic magnetometer in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0052] According to the atomic magnetometer of this utility model embodiment, by employing the temperature acquisition circuit of the atomic magnetometer described above, an AC excitation source with a frequency outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer is used to power the temperature sensor. The magnetic field generated by the AC excitation source is outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer and will not interfere with the operation of the atomic magnetometer.

[0053] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0054] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this utility model are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated in this embodiment. Therefore, features defined with terms such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of this utility model can explicitly or implicitly indicate that the embodiment includes at least one of those features. In the description of this utility model, the word "multiple" means at least two or more, such as two, three, four, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified in the embodiments.

[0056] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited in the embodiments, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" appearing in the embodiments should be interpreted broadly. For example, a connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, etc. Of course, it can also be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components, or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific implementation.

[0057] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature acquisition circuit for an atomic magnetometer, characterized in that, include: A signal processing unit is configured to generate an AC signal, wherein the frequency of the AC signal is configured outside the bandwidth range of the atomic magnetometer; An excitation source generation unit is provided, wherein the input terminal of the excitation source generation unit is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing unit, the output terminal of the excitation source generation unit is adapted to connect to the temperature sensor in the atomic magnetometer, and is configured to generate an AC excitation source according to the AC signal and apply the AC excitation source to the temperature sensor to power the temperature sensor. A temperature acquisition unit is provided, wherein the input terminal of the temperature acquisition unit is adapted to be connected to the temperature sensor, the output terminal of the temperature acquisition unit is connected to the acquisition terminal of the signal processing unit, and is configured to acquire the voltage signal of the temperature sensor and send the voltage signal to the signal processing unit so that the signal processing unit can determine the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor based on the voltage signal.

2. The temperature acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation source generation unit includes: A differential amplifier, the input of which is connected to the output of the signal processing unit, the first output of which is adapted to be connected to the temperature sensor and configured to convert the AC signal into the AC excitation source and apply the AC excitation source to the temperature sensor; A voltage follower, wherein the first input terminal of the voltage follower is connected to the first output terminal of the differential amplifier, the second input terminal and the output terminal of the voltage follower are respectively connected to the second output terminal of the differential amplifier, and the voltage follower is configured to feed back the voltage of the first output terminal of the differential amplifier to the second output terminal of the differential amplifier.

3. The temperature acquisition circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The differential amplifier includes: A first resistor, one end of which is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing unit; A second resistor, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first resistor and has a first node, and the other end of which is connected to the output terminal of the voltage follower; A first operational amplifier, the positive input terminal of which is connected to the first node; The third resistor has one end connected to the negative input terminal of the first operational amplifier, and the other end grounded. A fourth resistor is disposed between the negative input terminal and the output terminal of the first operational amplifier; The first capacitor is connected in parallel between the two ends of the fourth resistor; The fifth resistor has one end connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier and the other end connected to the first input terminal of the voltage follower.

4. The temperature acquisition circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The resistance values ​​of the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor, and the fourth resistor are equal.

5. The temperature acquisition circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The voltage follower includes a second operational amplifier, the positive input terminal of which is the first input terminal of the voltage follower, and the negative input terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal.

6. The temperature acquisition circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The temperature acquisition unit includes: A low-pass filter, the input of which is adapted to be connected to the temperature sensor and configured to filter out high-frequency signals in the voltage signal; The second capacitor, one end of which is connected to the output of the low-pass filter; A sixth resistor, one end of which is connected to the other end of the second capacitor, and the other end of which is connected to the acquisition terminal of the signal processing unit.

7. The temperature acquisition circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The low-pass filter includes: A seventh resistor, one end of which is adapted to be connected to one end of the temperature sensor; An eighth resistor, one end of which is adapted to be connected to the other end of the temperature sensor; The third capacitor has one end connected to the other end of the seventh resistor and has a second node, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected to the other end of the eighth resistor and has a third node. A fourth capacitor, one end of which is connected to the third node, and the other end of which is grounded; The fifth capacitor has one end connected to the second node and the other end grounded. The third operational amplifier has its positive input terminal connected to the third node, its negative input terminal connected to the second node, and its output terminal connected to one end of the second capacitor. The ninth resistor is connected in parallel between the positive and negative input terminals of the third operational amplifier.

8. The temperature acquisition circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A filtering unit is disposed between the signal processing unit and the excitation source generation unit, and is configured to filter out low-frequency noise and high-frequency noise in the AC signal.

9. The temperature acquisition circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The filtering unit includes: A sixth capacitor, one end of which is connected to the output terminal of the signal processing unit; The tenth resistor has one end connected to the other end of the sixth capacitor and has a fourth node; the other end of the tenth resistor is grounded. A fourth operational amplifier, the positive input terminal of which is connected to the fourth node; The seventh capacitor has one end connected to the negative input terminal of the fourth operational amplifier and the other end connected to the output terminal of the fourth operational amplifier. The eleventh resistor, one end of which is connected to the output terminal of the fourth operational amplifier; The twelfth resistor has one end connected to the negative input terminal of the fourth operational amplifier, and the other end connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor, and has a fifth node; The eighth capacitor has one end connected to the fifth node and the other end grounded.

10. An atomic magnetometer, characterized in that, It includes the temperature acquisition circuit of the atomic magnetometer according to claims 1-9.

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