Composite shockproof damper combining spring, hydraulic pressure and eddy current
By combining a composite seismic damper of spring-hydraulic-eddy current, the problem of spectrum matching of traditional bridge dampers under complex seismic conditions is solved, and efficient energy dissipation and stability improvement of multi-frequency vibration are achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CENT SOUTH UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-28
AI Technical Summary
When dealing with the complex conditions of low-frequency overall sway, mid-to-high-frequency local vibration and multi-mode coupled vibration in earthquakes, traditional bridge dampers suffer from spectrum mismatch, resulting in uneven energy dissipation. Furthermore, the material performance deteriorates under long-term strong excitation due to the single energy dissipation mechanism.
Design a composite vibration damper that combines spring-hydraulic-eddy current technology. The high-strength spring provides elastic restoring force and plastic deformation energy dissipation, while the viscous fluid flow damping and eddy current damping work together to handle vibrations in different frequency bands and enhance stability.
It achieves efficient energy dissipation under different earthquake intensities, suppresses bridge vibration, and improves the adaptability and stability of the damper, which is significantly better than traditional single-principle dampers.
Smart Images
Figure CN224174471U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of bridge seismic protection technology, specifically a composite seismic damper combining spring, hydraulic and electric eddy current. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of bridge seismic technology, dampers are the core components for energy dissipation and vibration reduction. Currently, mainstream technologies are mainly divided into displacement-dependent dampers, velocity-dependent dampers, and other special dampers, each with specific application scenarios and technical limitations.
[0003] Displacement-dependent dampers absorb energy through friction or metal plastic deformation. They are simple in construction, cost-controllable, and particularly suitable for stable energy dissipation under large displacement conditions.
[0004] Velocity-dependent dampers, represented by viscous dampers, convert kinetic energy into thermal energy through the viscous shearing action of fluids such as silicone oil. Their advantage lies in not changing the structural stiffness characteristics, making them particularly suitable for renovation projects that need to maintain the original dynamic characteristics of the structure.
[0005] Among special dampers, eddy current dampers utilize the principle of electromagnetic induction to achieve non-contact energy dissipation, solving the wear problem of traditional mechanical parts and having a technological advantage in long-life application scenarios.
[0006] Although bridge seismic resistance technology has formed a relatively complete system, the following problems still exist in practice:
[0007] Since earthquakes are essentially broadband energy inputs, the single energy dissipation mechanism of traditional dampers leads to spectral mismatch. Mechanical dampers (such as springs / friction dampers) are sensitive to low-frequency vibrations, but in the high-frequency range, inertial lag causes phase mismatch, resulting in energy dissipation. Fluid dampers, while performing well in the mid-to-high frequency range, fail to follow the flow due to fluid response lag in ultra-low frequency vibrations. Electromagnetic dampers, although possessing the potential for full-frequency response, suffer from material performance degradation due to Joule heating under continuous strong excitation caused by the single eddy current mechanism, weakening long-term stability. This singular energy efficiency makes traditional solutions unable to coordinately handle the complex conditions of low-to-mid frequency overall shaking, mid-to-high frequency local vibrations, and multi-modal coupled vibrations in earthquakes. Utility Model Content
[0008] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a composite shock damper that combines spring, hydraulic system, and eddy current to adapt to complex vibration conditions during earthquakes.
[0009] This utility model provides a composite shock absorber combining spring, hydraulic, and eddy current technologies, comprising a connecting rod assembly, a damping wall assembly, a rotating support, and a housing. The connecting rod assembly includes a magnetic body, a spring, and a connector. The damping wall assembly has a multi-layered composite structure forming a sealed cavity filled with a viscous damping medium. The magnetic body has a channel structure to guide the flow of the viscous medium, and the spring has non-linear stiffness variation characteristics. The rotating support has a rotating mechanism, and the housing covers the outside of the damping wall assembly. The damping wall assembly includes a conductive layer and a heat dissipation layer. Eddy current damping is generated by the relative movement of the magnetic body and the conductive layer, and the heat dissipation layer is thermally coupled with the conductive layer to maintain temperature stability.
[0010] In one embodiment of the aforementioned damper, the connecting rod assembly specifically includes a permanent magnet, a rubber layer covering the surface of the permanent magnet, a steel column connected to one end of the permanent magnet, and a spring connected to the other end of the permanent magnet, wherein the steel column is provided on the outside of the spring as an external connecting end.
[0011] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned damper, the damping wall assembly includes, from the outside to the inside, a steel layer, a coolant layer, and a copper layer; the inner diameter of the copper layer forms a clearance fit with the outer diameter of the permanent magnet, and the steel layer is fixedly connected to the copper layer by bolts.
[0012] In one embodiment of the aforementioned damper, the rotating support includes a ball head and a square box; the two ball heads are respectively fixed to the ends of the steel columns of the connecting rod assembly, and the square box is provided with a narrowing opening structure to limit the displacement range of the ball heads.
[0013] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned damper, the outer shell is a rectangular cylinder made of stainless steel, the surface of which is polished and corrosion-resistant, covering the outside of the damping wall assembly and connected to the square boxes at both ends.
[0014] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned damper, the connection between the steel column and the permanent magnet is provided with a double-ring protrusion structure, which is mechanically locked by an interference fit embedded in the rubber layer.
[0015] In one embodiment of the above-mentioned damper, the spring is a high-strength spring steel spring, and its elastic modulus is designed to exhibit different stiffness characteristics before and after a set deformation threshold.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0017] 1. The spring system, made of high-strength spring steel, provides elastic restoring force during small-amplitude vibrations, effectively suppressing the micro-vibrations of the bridge; under large-amplitude earthquake conditions, the spring deformation enters the plastic stage, absorbing energy through plastic hysteresis deformation; this adjustable stiffness characteristic enables the damper to maintain efficient energy dissipation under different earthquake intensities, solving the problem of insufficient adaptability of traditional dampers to vibration amplitude.
[0018] 2. By setting regularly arranged hollow channels on the permanent magnet, the flow path length and turbulence of the viscous liquid are significantly increased; this design improves the flow resistance of the viscous liquid and optimizes the viscous damping efficiency.
[0019] 3. The spring-viscous fluid system serves as the main energy dissipation layer, absorbing most of the vibration energy through mechanical deformation and fluid resistance; the eddy current-cooling system serves as the auxiliary energy dissipation layer, focusing on suppressing low-frequency vibrations and enhancing stability; the two work together to make the overall energy dissipation efficiency of the device under complex ground vibrations significantly better than that of traditional single-principle dampers. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of one embodiment of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the isometric structure. (Outer casing not shown) Detailed Implementation
[0022] The relevant technical solutions will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the composite shock damper combining spring-hydraulic-electroeddy current disclosed in this embodiment includes a connecting rod assembly 1, a damping wall assembly 2, a rotating support 3, and a housing.
[0024] The connecting rod assembly 1 includes a permanent magnet 11, a rubber layer 12, a steel column 13, and a spring 14.
[0025] The permanent magnet 11 has a disc-shaped structure, and both its upper and lower surfaces are covered with a high-damping rubber layer 12. The rubber layer has a uniform thickness and a high coefficient of friction, which is used to separate the internal cavity of the device and increase the sliding resistance of the connecting rod.
[0026] The permanent magnet 11 and the rubber layer 12 are provided with regularly arranged hollow channels that run through both, which are used to guide the flow of viscous liquid.
[0027] One end of the permanent magnet 11 is connected to the steel column 13. The steel column is made of high-strength steel and has two closely spaced annular protrusions at one end. These protrusions are embedded in the rubber layer 12 of the permanent magnet through an interference fit to form a mechanical locking structure, ensuring the stability between the steel column and the magnet.
[0028] The other end of the permanent magnet 11 is connected to the spring 14 via a rubber layer 12. The spring is made of high-strength spring steel. The elastic modulus and stiffness of the spring are optimized to provide elastic restoring force during small-amplitude vibrations and suppress micro-amplitude vibrations. Under large-amplitude earthquake conditions, the spring enters the plastic deformation stage and absorbs energy through hysteresis.
[0029] A steel column 13 is fixed to the outside of the spring 14, serving as a connecting rod to connect with the outside world.
[0030] The damping wall assembly 2 is a multi-layered composite cylindrical structure that encloses the permanent magnet 11, rubber layer 12, steel column 13, spring 14 and other structures of the connecting rod assembly 1 in its inner cavity.
[0031] A viscous fluid is filled between the damping wall assembly 2 and the connecting rod assembly 1. The viscous fluid generates viscous resistance, effectively hindering the rapid sliding of the connecting rod and enhancing the damping effect. A fixed ring is installed on the outermost side of the steel column to slidably seal the inner cavity of the damping wall assembly.
[0032] The damping wall assembly 2 consists of a steel layer, a coolant layer, and a copper layer from the outside to the inside.
[0033] The steel layer is the outermost shell, made of high-strength alloy steel with an anti-corrosion treatment on the surface. It encases the internal structure and provides external support.
[0034] The coolant layer is filled with ethylene glycol-based coolant, which has high specific heat capacity and good thermal conductivity.
[0035] The copper layer is made of copper in a barrel shape, and its inner diameter is fitted with the outer diameter of the permanent magnet 11 with a clearance; the copper layer is fixed to the steel layer by bolts.
[0036] When the permanent magnet moves with the connecting rod, the copper layer generates eddy currents due to the change in magnetic flux, which form a damping force through Lenz's law, and at the same time convert mechanical energy into heat energy; the coolant layer is used to absorb the heat of the eddy currents generated by the inner structure and to dissipate heat evenly.
[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the rotating support 3 includes a ball head 31 and a square box 32.
[0038] Two ball heads 31 are welded to the ends of the two steel columns 13 respectively; the square box 32 is a rectangle made of high-strength cast steel, with a narrowed opening on one side; the two ball heads are respectively placed in the square box to form a mechanical limit. The side of the square box is fixed to the bridge surface by high-strength bolts and limit seats.
[0039] Rotary bearings allow the ball head to rotate in three dimensions, breaking the problem that ordinary connections can only move in two dimensions; at the same time, they can prevent the ball from coming off, ensuring the continuity of the force transmission path under the action of multi-directional components of an earthquake.
[0040] The outer shell is a rectangular tube made of stainless steel, fitted between two square boxes 32 outside the iron sheet damping wall assembly; its surface is polished and treated for corrosion resistance. During an earthquake, it absorbs seismic energy through the buckling deformation of the steel, enhancing the damper's seismic performance; at the same time, it reduces the risk of damage and performance degradation of the internal components of the damper due to oxidation and corrosion.
[0041] The working mechanism of this damper for viscous fluid is as follows:
[0042] The internal cavity of the device is filled with a high-performance viscous liquid, which flows between the cavities through the hollowed-out channels of the permanent magnet. The high viscosity of the viscous liquid, combined with the hollowed-out channel design, significantly increases the flow resistance and creates a hydraulic damping effect.
[0043] The coordinated operation of this damper is as follows:
[0044] In the low-frequency vibration stage: the spring provides initial damping force through elastic deformation; eddy currents generate resistance through the copper layer; and the coolant absorbs heat to maintain stability.
[0045] Mid-to-high frequency vibration stage: viscous fluid generates turbulent damping through hollow channels; spring enters the plastic deformation stage and absorbs energy through hysteresis.
[0046] Multi-directional vibration adaptation: The rotating bearing allows the connecting rod to rotate in three dimensions, ensuring that the direction of the damping force is always consistent with the direction of bridge vibration.
[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although detailed descriptions have been provided with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A composite shock damper combining spring-hydraulic-eddy current, characterized in that: It includes a connecting rod assembly, a damping wall assembly, a rotating support, and a housing; The connecting rod assembly includes a magnet, a spring, and a connector; the damping wall assembly has a multi-layer composite structure and forms a closed cavity, which is filled with a viscous damping medium. The magnetic body has a channel structure to guide the flow of viscous medium, and the spring has non-linear stiffness variation characteristics. The rotating support is equipped with a rotating mechanism, and the outer shell covers the outside of the damping wall assembly; The damping wall assembly includes a conductive layer and a heat dissipation layer. Eddy current damping is generated by the relative motion between the magnetic body and the conductive layer. The heat dissipation layer and the conductive layer are thermally coupled to maintain temperature stability.
2. The composite shock absorber combining spring-hydraulic-eddy current as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod assembly specifically includes a permanent magnet, a rubber layer covering the surface of the permanent magnet, a steel column connected to one end of the permanent magnet, and a spring connected to the other end of the permanent magnet. The steel column is provided on the outside of the spring as an external connecting end.
3. The composite shock absorber combining spring-hydraulic-eddy current as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The damping wall assembly comprises, from the outside to the inside, a steel layer, a coolant layer, and a copper layer; the inner diameter of the copper layer forms a clearance fit with the outer diameter of the permanent magnet, and the steel layer is fixedly connected to the copper layer by bolts.
4. The composite shock absorber combining spring-hydraulic-eddy current as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating support includes a ball head and a square box; the two ball heads are respectively fixed to the ends of the steel columns of the connecting rod assembly, and the square box has a narrowing opening structure to limit the displacement range of the ball heads.
5. The composite shock absorber combining spring-hydraulic-eddy current as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell is a rectangular cylinder made of stainless steel, with its surface polished and treated for corrosion resistance. It covers the outside of the damping wall assembly and is connected to the square boxes at both ends.
6. The composite shock absorber combining spring-hydraulic-eddy current as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The connection between the steel column and the permanent magnet is provided with a double-ring protrusion structure, which is mechanically locked by an interference fit embedded in the rubber layer.
7. The composite shock absorber combining spring-hydraulic-eddy current as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The spring is made of high-strength spring steel, and its elastic modulus is designed to exhibit different stiffness characteristics before and after a set deformation threshold.