Expiratory valve with noise reduction function and anesthesia machine or breathing machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to an exhalation valve with a noise reduction function and an anesthesia machine or a breathing machine. The exhalation valve comprises a valve seat, a valve plate, an exhalation valve diaphragm and a bowl-shaped diaphragm; the valve seat comprises an upper valve seat and a lower valve seat, and the upper valve seat is communicated with the lower valve seat through a valve port; the valve plate comprises an upper valve plate and a lower valve plate which are connected through a connecting rod; a bowl-shaped diaphragm is clamped on the upper valve plate, and an exhalation valve diaphragm is clamped on the lower valve plate; the lower valve plate is arranged in the air cavity of the upper valve seat, and the bowl-shaped diaphragm deforms and moves downwards to enable the exhalation valve diaphragm to cover the valve port; the gas chamber of the upper valve seat is communicated with a waste discharge channel, and the gas chamber of the lower valve seat is communicated with a driving gas B channel; the air cavity of the upper valve seat and the air cavity of the lower valve seat are defined by walls with a plurality of air holes. Damping is added at the end, close to the air inlet, of the air flow to balance the vibrated diaphragm, and the pore plate gap is formed to dissipate the oscillation energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of medical equipment technology, specifically relating to an exhalation valve with noise reduction function and an anesthesia machine or ventilator. Background Technology

[0002] The expiratory valve is a crucial component of the anesthesia machine circuit. When the patient needs to exhale, air is released through the expiratory valve, which opens. However, to maintain a certain positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in the lungs, a PEEP value is typically set. This PEEP value is used to prevent the lungs from emptying completely, causing the alveoli to clump together. This can lead to pulmonary mucosal tearing during subsequent mechanical ventilation. Therefore, maintaining a certain end-expiratory pressure prevents the lungs from sticking together. To maintain this pressure, the expiratory valve is not fully open, maintaining a certain opening to ensure consistent airway pressure during exhalation. This pressure is typically capped at 70 cmH2O. To continuously replenish the circuit and address the patient's anesthetic and oxygen consumption, fresh gas is continuously supplied, usually at a rate of 2 L / min, but can reach up to 5 L / min. This constitutes the basic conditions and environment for the entire circuit's ventilation.

[0003] A patient's breathing typically consists of three phases: inspiration, breath-holding, and expiration. During this process, existing anesthesia machines often produce significant noise and abnormal sounds. This is because the diaphragm sealing the expiratory valve vibrates violently due to the impact of the airflow. The airflow, after being ejected through these oscillations, generates vortices. These vortices then detach and strike the walls of the airway circuit. When they reach the low-order mode frequencies of these walls, resonance occurs, producing intense vibrations and noise.

[0004] Especially during breath-holding time, on the one hand, pressure needs to be applied to tighten the exhalation valve, and on the other hand, the driving air continuously compresses the folding capsule. Excess driving air is forced out of the exhalation valve, along with the constantly accumulating fresh air in the circuit. Fresh air exceeding the circuit volume must also be expelled from the exhalation valve. This results in the exhalation valve needing to be both compressed and able to expel air while compressed, inevitably leading to noise.

[0005] The structure of existing exhalation valves is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the exhalation valve includes a valve seat 1, a valve plate 2, an exhalation valve diaphragm 3, and a bowl-shaped diaphragm 4. The valve seat 1 includes an upper valve seat 1-1 and a lower valve seat 1-2, which are connected by a valve port 1-5. The valve plate 2 includes an upper valve plate 2-2 and a lower valve plate 2-3 connected by a connecting rod 2-1. The bowl-shaped diaphragm 4 is mounted on the upper valve plate 2-2, and the exhalation valve diaphragm 3 is mounted on the lower valve plate 2-3. The lower valve plate 2-3 is located in the air chamber of the upper valve seat 1-1, and the bowl-shaped diaphragm 4 deforms downward to cover the exhalation valve diaphragm 3 on the valve port 1-5. The air chamber of the upper valve seat 1-1 is connected to the waste discharge channel 5, and the air chamber of the lower valve seat 1-2 is connected to the driving air B channel 6. The air chambers of the upper valve seat 1-1 and the lower valve seat 1-2 are surrounded by spaced-apart support columns.

[0006] The operating principle of the exhalation valve: High-pressure gas from 0 to 100 cmH2O fills the driving gas chamber, pushing the valve plate downwards and causing the diaphragm to press against the valve opening. When the gas pressure entering the driving gas chamber decreases or increases, the opening degree of the diaphragm and the valve opening differs, resulting in different exhaled gases. Regarding these abnormal noises, this invention analyzes that the most significant cause is severe vibration and collision between the diaphragm and the valve opening. The main causes of this collision are the following five factors:

[0007] 1. Because the driving air channel A is located on the side of the driving air chamber's connecting port, the airflow entering the driving air chamber always blows towards one side of the cup-shaped diaphragm, causing the exhalation valve diaphragm to become unstable and collide with the valve port. 2. Due to structural issues, driving air B always blows towards one side of the diaphragm when entering the valve port, also causing diaphragm instability. 3. The curved deformation portion of the cup-shaped diaphragm lacks strength and provides insufficient deformation damping, making it difficult to stop the exhalation valve diaphragm once it becomes unstable and vibrates. 4. There is a small gap and distance between the exhalation valve diaphragm and the metal valve plate during the engagement. When a high-speed airflow passes through, the exhalation valve diaphragm will be violently blown, forming a new excitation source that causes the exhalation valve diaphragm to collide. 5. When the exhalation valve diaphragm collides, the resulting vortex street has no obstruction to dissipate its energy in time, causing the energy of this fluctuation to be continuously amplified, eventually forming noise that propagates outwards. At the exhalation outlet, the already formed large vortex structure was not broken, causing the gas itself to resonate. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and propose an exhalation valve with noise reduction function. This exhalation valve balances the already vibrating diaphragm by adding damping at the near air intake end of the airflow and setting a perforated plate gap to increase air resistance, so as to dissipate the turbulent energy of the incoming flow.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0010] An exhalation valve with noise reduction function, the exhalation valve includes a valve seat, a valve plate, an exhalation valve diaphragm, and a cup-shaped diaphragm;

[0011] The valve seat includes an upper valve seat and a lower valve seat, and the upper valve seat and the lower valve seat are connected by a valve port;

[0012] The valve plate includes an upper valve plate and a lower valve plate connected by a connecting rod; a bowl-shaped diaphragm is clamped on the upper valve plate, and an exhalation valve diaphragm is clamped on the lower valve plate; the lower valve plate is disposed in the air chamber of the upper valve seat, and the bowl-shaped diaphragm deforms downward to make the exhalation valve diaphragm cover the valve port;

[0013] The air chamber of the upper valve seat is connected to the waste discharge channel, and the air chamber of the lower valve seat is connected to the drive air B channel.

[0014] The air chambers of the upper and lower valve seats are enclosed by walls with several air holes.

[0015] As an improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the space between the bowl-shaped diaphragm and the cavity wall of the exhalation valve mounting chamber is a driving air chamber, and a driving air A rectifier plate is provided in the driving air chamber; the driving air A rectifier plate divides the driving air chamber into an upper driving air chamber and a lower driving air chamber;

[0016] The driving air rectifier plate A has a disc-shaped structure, including a disc bottom and a convex edge arranged in a ring along the edge of the disc bottom. The convex edge is serrated, and a number of air holes are provided on the disc bottom.

[0017] As an improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the area of ​​the air holes on the driving air A rectifier plate is more than 20% of the total area of ​​the driving air A rectifier plate.

[0018] As an improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, a support base is provided on the bottom plate of the lower valve seat, and a circular drive gas B rectifier plate is provided on the support base; the drive gas B rectifier plate is provided with a plurality of air holes.

[0019] As an improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the support base is composed of several support rods arranged in a ring, with a gap of the same width between any two support rods.

[0020] As an improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the area of ​​the air holes on the driving air B rectifier plate is more than 20% of the total area of ​​the driving air B rectifier plate.

[0021] Preferably, the connection between the upper valve seat and the lower valve seat is an annular rib plate, and a sealing ring groove is provided on the annular rib plate, with a sealing ring inside.

[0022] Preferably, the bottom plate of the lower valve seat is provided with an annular groove, and a sealing ring is provided in the annular groove.

[0023] Preferably, the area of ​​the air holes on the walls of the air chambers of the upper and lower valve seats is more than 20% of the total wall area of ​​the air chambers.

[0024] This utility model further provides an anesthesia machine or ventilator, wherein the anesthesia machine or ventilator is equipped with the above-mentioned exhalation valve with noise reduction function.

[0025] This invention addresses the noise generated by exhalation valves by setting up an airflow combing structure and an orifice plate damping structure to break up the airflow vortex that generates noise, thereby eliminating the noise at its source. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing exhalation valve structure;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exhalation valve of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the driving air chamber;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the driving air passage A;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drive air rectifier plate A;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the valve seat structure;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the valve seat structure;

[0033] Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the exhalation valve of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the bowl-shaped diaphragm of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a top view of the bowl-shaped diaphragm of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a bottom view of the bowl-shaped diaphragm of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the valve plate of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the valve plate of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the exhalation valve diaphragm of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exhalation valve diaphragm of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 16 This is a diagram showing the installation location of the exhalation valve;

[0042] Figure label:

[0043] 1. Valve seat; 1-1. Upper valve seat; 1-2. Lower valve seat; 1-3. Upper air chamber; 1-4. Lower air chamber; 1-5. Valve port; 1-6. Valve seat air hole; 1-7. Base plate; 1-8. Support seat; 1-9. Gap; 2. Valve plate; 2-1. Connecting rod; 2-2. Upper valve plate; 2-3. Lower valve plate; 3. Exhalation valve diaphragm; 4. Bowl-shaped diaphragm; 5. Waste discharge channel; 6. Driving air B channel; 7. Cavity wall of the exhalation valve mounting chamber; 8. Driving air chamber; 8-1. Upper driving air chamber; 8-2. Lower driving air chamber; 9. Driving air A rectifier plate; 9-1. Pan bottom; 9-2. Raised edge; 10. Driving air B rectifier plate; 11. Annular rib plate; 12. Sealing ring groove; 13. Annular groove; 14. Driving air A channel. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 2 and Figure 8 The diagram shows an exhalation valve with noise reduction function, the exhalation valve includes a valve seat 1, a valve plate 2, an exhalation valve diaphragm 3, and a cup-shaped diaphragm 4;

[0047] The valve seat 1 includes an upper valve seat 1-1 and a lower valve seat 1-2, which are connected by a valve port 1-5.

[0048] like Figures 12-13 As shown, the valve plate 2 includes an upper valve plate 2-2 and a lower valve plate 2-3 connected by a connecting rod 2-1; a bowl-shaped diaphragm 4 is mounted on the upper valve plate 2-2, and an exhalation valve diaphragm 3 is mounted on the lower valve plate 2-3; the lower valve plate 2-3 is disposed in the air chamber of the upper valve seat 1-1 (this air chamber is marked as upper air chamber 1-3 in the figure), and the bowl-shaped diaphragm 4 deforms downward to make the exhalation valve diaphragm 3 cover the valve port 1-5; the structure of the bowl-shaped diaphragm is as follows. Figure 9-11 As shown, the structure of the exhalation valve diaphragm 3 is as follows: Figure 14-15 As shown.

[0049] The air chamber of the upper valve seat 1-1 is connected to the waste discharge channel 5, and the air chamber of the lower valve seat 1-2 (marked as lower air chamber 1-4 in the figure) is connected to the drive air B channel 6.

[0050] The air chambers of the upper valve seat 1-1 and the lower valve seat 1-2 are surrounded by walls with a number of valve seat air holes 1-6.

[0051] Figure 2-3 For example, the space between the bowl-shaped diaphragm 4 and the cavity wall 7 of the exhalation valve mounting cavity is a driving air chamber 8, and a driving air A rectifier plate 9 is provided in the driving air chamber 8; the driving air A rectifier plate 9 divides the driving air chamber 8 into an upper driving air chamber 8-1 and a lower driving air chamber 8-2;

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, the driving air A rectifier plate 9 has a disc-shaped structure, including a disc bottom 9-1 and a convex edge 9-2 arranged in a ring along the edge of the disc bottom. The convex edge is serrated, and a number of air holes are provided on the disc bottom 9-1.

[0053] The area of ​​the air holes on the driving air A rectifier plate 9 is more than 20% of the total area of ​​the driving air A rectifier plate.

[0054] A support base 1-8 is provided on the base plate 1-7 of the lower valve seat 1-2, and a circular drive gas B rectifier plate 10 is provided on the support base 1-8; the drive gas B rectifier plate 10 is provided with several air holes.

[0055] The support base 1-8 is composed of several support rods arranged in a ring, with a gap 1-9 of the same width between any two support rods.

[0056] The area of ​​the air holes on the driving air B rectifier plate 10 is more than 20% of the total area of ​​the driving air B rectifier plate.

[0057] like Figure 6-7 As shown, the connection between the upper valve seat 1-1 and the lower valve seat 1-2 is an annular rib plate 11, and a sealing ring groove 12 is provided on the annular rib plate 11, with a sealing ring inside.

[0058] The bottom plate 1-7 of the lower valve seat 1-2 is provided with an annular groove 13, and a sealing ring is provided in the annular groove 13.

[0059] The area of ​​the air vents on the walls of the air chambers of the upper valve seat 1-1 and the lower valve seat 1-2 is more than 20% of the total wall area of ​​the air chambers. That is, the area of ​​the air vents on the walls of the air chambers of the upper valve seat 1-1 is more than 20% of the total wall area of ​​the upper valve seat air chamber; and the area of ​​the air vents on the walls of the air chambers of the lower valve seat 1-2 is more than 20% of the total wall area of ​​the lower valve seat air chamber.

[0060] The exhalation valve of this utility model is a pneumatic valve, such as... Figure 4As shown, the driving gas chamber 8, where the bowl-shaped diaphragm 4 is located, is connected to the driving gas A channel 14. Figure 4 The red arrow in the diagram shows the airflow path of the driving gas A. Driving gas A enters the driving gas chamber 8 through this channel, causing the cup-shaped diaphragm 4 to deform and move downwards, thus causing the valve plate 2 and its exhalation valve diaphragm 3 to cover the valve port 1-5. At this time, a driving gas A rectifier plate 9 is installed in the driving gas chamber 8. Its function is to allow driving gas A to pass through the driving gas A channel 14, first passing through the sawtooth-shaped protrusion 9-2, and then entering the upper driving gas chamber 8-1. This sawtooth structure straightens the airflow from a biased state. Then, when the driving gas airflow enters the lower driving gas chamber 8-2 from the upper driving gas chamber 8-1, it passes through the air holes on the rectifier plate (each air hole has a diameter of 2mm or smaller, such as 1mm, for better straightening effect; the hole diameter can be as small as possible, but the area of ​​the air holes on the rectifier plate must be more than 20% of the total area of ​​the rectifier plate) to further straighten the airflow. The rectifier plate sorts out and blocks the already formed driving gas turbulence energy, making it milder and more stable, which can reduce the impact of the driving gas on the diaphragm.

[0061] This invention further improves the hardness and quality of the bowl-shaped diaphragm 4, increasing its Shore hardness from 60 degrees to 85 degrees and increasing its thickness by 1.3 times, thereby increasing damping for diaphragm vibration and making it less prone to vibration.

[0062] This invention improves the exhalation valve diaphragm 3 from being snapped onto the valve plate 2 to being bonded to the valve plate 2, or by using an adhesive coating process to wrap the exhalation valve diaphragm onto the metal valve plate; at the same time, by increasing the hardness of the exhalation valve diaphragm 3, for example, by increasing the Shore hardness of the exhalation valve diaphragm 3 to 85 degrees, the damping of diaphragm vibration is increased, making it less prone to vibration.

[0063] like Figure 6-7 As shown, this utility model improves the original design of the upper valve seat 1-1 and lower valve seat 1-2 from pillars to valve seat walls with arrayed air holes, preferably cylindrical in shape. Figure 2 As shown by the red arrow, the airflow of driving gas B enters the lower air chamber 1-4 through the porous valve seat wall from the driving gas B channel 6. A portion of the airflow then enters the support seat 1-8 through the gap 1-9 on the support seat 1-8. The airflow then rises, passes through the driving gas B rectifier plate 10, and exits through the gap between the exhalation valve diaphragm 3 and the valve port 1-5. During the exit process, it also passes through the porous valve seat wall of the upper valve seat 1-1 before entering the waste discharge channel 5. By setting the porous valve seat wall and the porous rectifier plate, airflow fluctuations can be managed, absorbing and eliminating the oscillation energy during airflow passage, and breaking up the generated vortices, thus reducing the energy of noise propagation.

[0064] This invention relates to a driving gas B, in which an orifice plate is installed in the airflow passage of the driving gas B, allowing the airflow to return through the orifice plate and eliminating the energy fluctuations that were originally prone to occur.

[0065] When the exhalation valve diaphragm 3 vibrates, a cylindrical perforated plate structure (such as a porous valve seat wall) is designed on the outside of the diaphragm to dissipate the energy of the vortex street caused by the collision of the exhalation valve diaphragm.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] An anesthesia machine or ventilator employs the expiratory valve described in Example 1, wherein, exemplarily, the expiratory valve is installed in the following position: Figure 16 As shown.

[0068] For any content not described in detail in this utility model, conventional technical knowledge in the field can be used.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solution of this utility model do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. An exhalation valve with noise reduction function, characterized in that, The exhalation valve includes a valve seat, a valve plate, an exhalation valve diaphragm, and a cup-shaped diaphragm. The valve seat includes an upper valve seat and a lower valve seat, and the upper valve seat and the lower valve seat are connected by a valve port; The valve plate includes an upper valve plate and a lower valve plate connected by a connecting rod; a bowl-shaped diaphragm is clamped on the upper valve plate, and an exhalation valve diaphragm is clamped on the lower valve plate; the lower valve plate is disposed in the air chamber of the upper valve seat, and the bowl-shaped diaphragm deforms downward to make the exhalation valve diaphragm cover the valve port; The air chamber of the upper valve seat is connected to the waste discharge channel, and the air chamber of the lower valve seat is connected to the drive air B channel. The air chambers of the upper and lower valve seats are enclosed by walls with several air holes.

2. The exhalation valve with noise reduction function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The space between the bowl-shaped diaphragm and the cavity wall of the exhalation valve mounting chamber is a driving air chamber, in which a driving air A rectifier plate is installed; the driving air A rectifier plate divides the driving air chamber into an upper driving air chamber and a lower driving air chamber; The driving air rectifier plate A has a disc-shaped structure, including a disc bottom and a convex edge arranged in a ring along the edge of the disc bottom. The convex edge is serrated, and a number of air holes are provided on the disc bottom.

3. The exhalation valve with noise reduction function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The area of ​​the air holes on the driving air A rectifier plate is more than 20% of the total area of ​​the driving air A rectifier plate.

4. The exhalation valve with noise reduction function according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support base is provided on the bottom plate of the lower valve seat, and a circular drive gas B rectifier plate is provided on the support base; the drive gas B rectifier plate is provided with several air holes.

5. The exhalation valve with noise reduction function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support base is composed of several support rods arranged in a ring, with a gap of the same width between any two support rods.

6. The exhalation valve with noise reduction function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The area of ​​the air holes on the driving air B rectifier plate is more than 20% of the total area of ​​the driving air B rectifier plate.

7. The exhalation valve with noise reduction function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bowl-shaped diaphragm and / or the exhalation valve diaphragm have a Shore hardness of 85 degrees and their thickness is increased.

8. The exhalation valve with noise reduction function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhalation valve diaphragm is fixedly connected to the lower valve plate by adhesive bonding or gluing.

9. The exhalation valve with noise reduction function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area of ​​the air holes on the walls of the air chambers of the upper and lower valve seats is more than 20% of the total wall area of ​​the air chambers.

10. An anesthesia machine or ventilator, characterized in that, The anesthesia machine or ventilator is equipped with an exhalation valve with noise reduction function as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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