Gridding temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system

Abstract

The utility model provides a gridding temperature self-balancing super capacitor system, which comprises a multilayer gridding structure capacitor bank formed by stacking a plurality of capacitor units (11), the system comprises cooling units arranged around the capacitor units (11), and a plurality of temperature self-balancing super capacitor units (11) arranged on the periphery of the cooling units, the number of the cooling units being in one-to-one correspondence with the number of the capacitor units (11), and the number of the cooling units being in one-to-one correspondence with the number of the capacitor units (11) and being in one-to-one correspondence with the number of the capacitor units (11). Wherein the cooling unit comprises a cooling pipeline arranged around the capacitor unit (11), the two ends of the cooling pipeline are communicated with the liquid storage tank (1), and a bidirectional electromagnetic valve (2) used for controlling the flowing direction of substances in the pipeline is arranged between the cooling pipeline and the liquid storage tank (1).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a capacitor system, and more particularly to a gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system. Background Technology

[0002] This section provides only background information relevant to this disclosure and is not necessarily prior art.

[0003] The energy structure is shifting towards cleaner and lower-carbon energy, with new energy power generation technologies, such as wind and solar power, developing rapidly. However, these renewable energy sources are intermittent, volatile, and uncontrollable, and their large-scale grid connection poses a serious challenge to the stability of the power system and power quality.

[0004] Currently, most energy storage and discharge systems are designed with relatively singular goals. The thermal management requirements (heat generation or cooling) during the main system's charging and discharging process are often considered a burden, consuming a large amount of extra energy for heat dissipation or insulation. In order to improve a single performance indicator, some existing system designs tend to use extreme operating conditions or high-cost materials. The pursuit of fast charging and discharging may lead to increased internal stress and heat generation in the battery, accelerating battery aging and even triggering the risk of thermal runaway. This places extremely high demands on the performance and reliability of the thermal management system. Currently, some energy storage systems use straight pipes or simple coils for heat dissipation through coolant. Coolant parameters are adjusted manually or semi-automatically to maintain basic temperature stability. However, this approach results in a single flow direction in the pipeline, uneven temperature distribution, and insufficient intelligence, relying on manual intervention and experiencing lag in response.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] Purpose of the invention: The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system, which addresses the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model discloses a gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system, comprising a capacitor bank with a multi-layered gridded structure composed of multiple stacked capacitor units. The system includes:

[0008] Cooling units are disposed around the capacitor cells, the number of which corresponds one-to-one with the number of capacitor cells; wherein, the cooling units include,

[0009] Cooling pipes are arranged around the capacitor unit, with both ends of the cooling pipes connected to a liquid storage tank. A two-way solenoid valve is provided between the cooling pipes and the liquid storage tank to control the flow direction of the material in the pipes.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling conduit includes:

[0011] The serpentine main pipes are arranged on both sides of the capacitor unit; one end of the serpentine main pipes is connected to each other, and the other end is fluidly connected to the liquid storage tank.

[0012] Furthermore, positioning slots are fixedly provided at the bottom of both sides of the capacitor unit, and the lowest point of the serpentine main tube is engaged in the positioning slots.

[0013] Furthermore, a flow sensor is provided on the serpentine main pipe near the bidirectional solenoid valve to measure the flow rate in the serpentine main pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, a thermistor is provided on the side of the capacitor unit for measuring the heat of the capacitor unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the system also includes:

[0016] The controller is electrically connected to the bidirectional solenoid valve, the flow sensor, and the thermistor, respectively.

[0017] Furthermore, at the bottom of both sides of the capacitor unit, there are cable trays for placing the circuits connecting the controller to the thermistor.

[0018] Furthermore, the capacitor bank is provided with an outer shell, and the inner side of the outer shell is provided with a heat insulation layer.

[0019] Furthermore, the capacitor unit has a bypass conduit pipe on both sides of the top, the bypass conduit pipe is U-shaped, and the inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the serpentine main pipe, the connection point is located between the flow sensor and the capacitor unit; the bypass conduit pipe is provided with a U-shaped bypass pipe, the U-shaped bypass pipe is parallel to the side of the capacitor unit.

[0020] Furthermore, there are multiple U-shaped bypass tubes, which are disposed in the gaps of the serpentine main tube.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. Temperature self-balancing accuracy is significantly improved:

[0023] Existing supercapacitor cooling systems mostly use a single cooling pipe, which is prone to problems such as localized overheating or uneven cooling. This invention, through the coordinated design of a serpentine cooling pipe and a serpentine bypass pipe, combined with real-time monitoring by a thermistor (temperature acquisition accuracy ±0.2℃) and dynamic control by a bidirectional solenoid valve, can control the temperature difference between different areas within the system within ±2℃, significantly reducing the risk of capacitor degradation caused by uneven temperature (experiments show that under the same operating conditions, the capacitor capacity retention rate is improved by 25%-45%).

[0024] 2. Multi-layered grid structure enables precise control across the entire domain:

[0025] Existing technologies often employ a broad-based cooling approach for the entire capacitor bank, failing to address temperature differences between different areas. This invention utilizes a multi-layered mesh structure, with each mesh layer independently configured with a temperature monitoring and cooling regulation unit (each mesh control range ≤10cm×10cm), enabling targeted control of individual capacitor units. Test data shows that when the temperature of a unit suddenly rises (e.g., from 25℃ to 40℃), the system response time is ≤0.3 seconds, and the cooling efficiency is improved by more than 30% compared to traditional systems.

[0026] 3. Extended system stability and lifespan:

[0027] Existing systems lack dynamic flow and temperature linkage control, making them prone to affecting capacitor lifespan due to over- or under-cooling. This invention utilizes a closed-loop feedback mechanism between a flow sensor and a control module to adjust coolant supply in real time based on temperature changes. Accelerated aging tests show that, under 85℃ high-temperature cycling conditions, the capacitor cycle life of this system can reach over 5000 cycles, extending it by more than 60% compared to traditional systems. Furthermore, the design of the insulation layer and heat insulation cotton (internal temperature fluctuation ≤ ±1℃ when external temperature fluctuation is ±10℃) further reduces the impact of environmental interference on system stability. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the advantages of the present invention in the above and / or other aspects will become clearer.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view of the utility model.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a side view of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram, 1 is the liquid storage tank, 2 is the two-way solenoid valve, 3 is the flow sensor, 4 is the thermistor, 5 is the bypass pipe, 6 is the bypass pipe manifold, 7 is the main pipe, 8 is the positioning slot, 9 is the cable tray, 10 is the thermal insulation layer, and 11 is the capacitor unit. Detailed Implementation

[0034] This invention achieves temperature self-balancing of the supercapacitor system through a multi-layered mesh structure and temperature monitoring and control, ensuring overall temperature uniformity; simultaneously, it improves the system's precise temperature control capability and enhances operational stability. Specific technical solutions are as follows: Figure 1 As shown:

[0035] A gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system includes: a multi-layered gridded capacitor bank composed of stacked capacitor cells 11.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the system also includes thermistors 4 distributed in the regions of each capacitor unit 11 of the capacitor bank, a serpentine cooling pipe main 7 disposed between the supercapacitor banks, a serpentine bypass pipe main 7 connected to the serpentine cooling pipe main 7, and a control module (not shown) for receiving temperature signals and controlling the flow of coolant. The serpentine cooling pipe main 7, bypass pipe 5, and bypass pipe main 6 each contain an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, forming a closed coolant circulation loop. Thermistors 4 are electrically connected to the control module. Based on the temperature data monitored by thermistors 4, the control module adjusts the flow direction of coolant in the serpentine bypass pipe 5 and bypass pipe main 6 to achieve uniform temperature distribution within the capacitor bank.

[0037] The multi-layered grid structure consists of several independent capacitor units 11 arranged in layers. Each grid layer is equipped with at least three thermistors 4, which are in close contact with the outer wall of the capacitor unit 11 to monitor the temperature changes of each unit in real time.

[0038] The serpentine cooling pipe main 7 is laid along the interlayer gaps of the multi-layered grid structure, and the pipe body is attached to the side of the capacitor unit. The serpentine side pipe 5 and the side pipe collection pipe 6 correspond one-to-one with the serpentine cooling pipe main 7 and are arranged in parallel. The liquid inlet end and liquid outlet end of the side pipe collection pipe 6 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet end and liquid outlet end of the serpentine cooling pipe, forming a branch channel that can flow in both directions.

[0039] The bidirectional solenoid valve 2 controls both the inlet and outlet of the coolant. The bidirectional solenoid valve 2 is electrically connected to the control module 1. The control module 1 adjusts the opening and closing state of the bidirectional solenoid valve 2 to change the flow direction of the coolant in the serpentine bypass pipe 5 and the bypass pipe header pipe 6 (forward auxiliary flow or reverse diversion), thereby achieving precise control of the temperature in the local area.

[0040] The control module includes a microprocessor and a drive circuit. When the thermistor 4 detects that the temperature in a certain area is higher than the set threshold, the microprocessor controls the bidirectional solenoid valve 2 of the serpentine bypass pipe 5 and bypass pipe junction pipe 6 in the corresponding area to open the forward flow and increase the coolant flow rate. When the temperature is lower than the threshold, the solenoid valve 2 is controlled to open the reverse flow to reduce the coolant input and maintain temperature balance.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, each layer of the multi-layered mesh structure has a positioning slot 8 at its edge, and the main serpentine cooling pipe 7 is fixed by the slot 8 to prevent the pipe from shifting due to the flow of coolant.

[0042] The capacitor bank is wrapped with an insulation layer, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inner side of the insulation layer is provided with heat insulation cotton 10 to reduce the interference of the external ambient temperature on the internal temperature balance of the system.

[0043] The coolant is a low-boiling-point fluorinated medium with high thermal conductivity. The main serpentine cooling pipe 7, the serpentine bypass pipe 5, and the bypass pipe junction pipe 6 are all made of copper alloy to improve the overall thermal conductivity.

[0044] A flow sensor 3 is installed at the connection point between the serpentine bypass main pipe 7, the serpentine cooling pipe 5, and the bypass junction pipe 6. The flow sensor 3 is electrically connected to the control module to provide real-time feedback of coolant flow data. The microprocessor dynamically adjusts the opening and closing amplitude of the bidirectional solenoid valve 2 according to the matching degree between temperature and flow.

[0045] A cable tray 9 is located in the middle of each grid layer. The connection wires of the thermistor 4 and the control module's wiring are all stored in the cable tray 9 to avoid messy wiring affecting heat dissipation.

[0046] The control module is connected to a display screen, which can display the temperature data, coolant flow direction and flow status of each grid layer in real time, making it easy to monitor the system operation intuitively.

[0047] Example:

[0048] The gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system in this embodiment includes a multi-layered gridded capacitor bank, a serpentine cooling pipe 7 disposed inside the capacitor bank, a bypass pipe 5 connected to the end of the serpentine cooling pipe, a thermistor 4 distributed in each region of the capacitor bank, and a control module for controlling the flow direction of the coolant in the bypass pipe; the serpentine cooling pipe 7 and the bypass pipe 5 form a closed coolant circulation loop, the thermistor 4 is electrically connected to the control module, and the control module intelligently adjusts the flow of coolant in the bypass pipe 5 according to the temperature signal monitored by the thermistor 4.

[0049] The capacitor bank in this embodiment adopts a multi-layered grid structure, consisting of several independent supercapacitor units. In other embodiments, the combination and distribution of the capacitor units can be adjusted according to actual needs. In the multi-layered grid structure capacitor bank, at least three thermistors 4 are set in each grid layer. The thermistors 4 are in close contact with the outer wall of the capacitor unit to monitor the temperature changes of each unit in real time. The serpentine cooling pipe 7 is laid along the gaps between the layers of the multi-layered grid structure. The pipe body is in contact with the side of the capacitor unit, and heat dissipation fins are provided on the pipe to enhance heat exchange efficiency and improve the heat exchange effect.

[0050] The bypass system includes a main bypass pipe 6 and branch bypass pipes 5. The main bypass pipe 6 connects the inlet and outlet ends of the serpentine cooling pipe 7. The branch bypass pipes 5 are configured for each layer of the grid structure, with their ends connected to the corresponding sections of the main bypass pipe 6 and the serpentine cooling pipe 7, respectively. A two-way solenoid valve 2 is installed on the bypass pipe, electrically connected to the control module. The control module adjusts the opening and closing state of the two-way solenoid valve 2 to change the flow direction of the coolant in the pipe (forward flow or reverse backflow). Each layer of the multi-layer grid structure has a positioning groove 8 at its edge. The serpentine cooling pipe 7 is fixed by the positioning groove 8 to prevent displacement of the pipe body during coolant flow, ensuring stable system operation.

[0051] The control module includes a microprocessor and a drive circuit. The microprocessor receives the temperature signal from the thermistor 4. When the temperature in a certain area is higher than a set threshold, the drive circuit controls the corresponding area's bypass bidirectional solenoid valve 2 to open, allowing the coolant to flow preferentially to the serpentine cooling pipe in that area. When the temperature in a certain area is lower than the set threshold, the flow direction of the bypass pipe 5 is adjusted to reduce the amount of coolant flowing through that area, thereby achieving uniform heat distribution in the capacitor bank and achieving temperature self-balance. The capacitor bank is wrapped with an insulation layer 10, and the inner side of the insulation layer 10 is lined with heat-insulating cotton to reduce the interference of the external ambient temperature on the internal temperature balance of the system. The coolant uses a low-boiling-point thermally conductive medium, and the wall of the serpentine cooling pipe 7 is made of a metal material with a high thermal conductivity (such as copper alloy) to improve the heat exchange rate.

[0052] In other embodiments, a display screen can be connected to the control module to show the temperature data, coolant flow direction, and flow status of each layer of the grid structure in real time. In this embodiment, a flow sensor 3 is installed on the main bypass pipe. The flow sensor 3 is electrically connected to the control module to monitor the coolant flow data in real time. The control module dynamically adjusts the opening and closing amplitude of the bidirectional solenoid valve 2 according to the matching degree between the flow and temperature data, making the system operation more precise and efficient.

[0053] When the system is in operation, the thermistor 4 continuously monitors the temperature of each area, and the control module flexibly adjusts the flow direction of the coolant in the bypass pipe 5 based on the monitoring data. If maintenance or storage of the system is required, the positioning slot 8 and other structures can be used to ensure the stability of the pipeline. The insulation layer 10 and heat insulation cotton are used to reduce external interference, so that the system always maintains a good operating environment and condition, realizes the temperature self-balancing of the supercapacitor system, and improves the overall control accuracy and stability of the capacitor.

[0054] This invention provides a concept and method for a gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system. Many methods and approaches exist for implementing this technical solution; the above description is merely a preferred embodiment. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. All components not explicitly stated in this embodiment can be implemented using existing technology.

Claims

1. A gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system, comprising a capacitor bank with a multi-layered gridded structure composed of multiple stacked capacitor units (11), characterized in that, The system includes: Cooling units are disposed around the capacitor unit (11), the number of which corresponds one-to-one with the number of capacitor units (11); wherein, the cooling unit includes, Cooling pipes are arranged around the capacitor unit (11), and both ends of the cooling pipes are connected to the liquid storage tank (1). A two-way solenoid valve (2) for controlling the flow of substances in the pipes is provided between the cooling pipes and the liquid storage tank (1).

2. The gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling pipe includes: The serpentine main pipes (7) are arranged on both sides of the capacitor unit (11); one end of the serpentine main pipes (7) is connected to each other, and the other end is fluidly connected to the liquid storage tank (1).

3. A gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The capacitor unit (11) has positioning slots (8) fixed at the bottom of both sides, and the lowest point of the serpentine main tube (7) is locked in the positioning slots (8).

4. A gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A flow sensor (3) is provided on the serpentine main pipe (7) near the bidirectional solenoid valve (2) to measure the flow rate in the serpentine main pipe (7).

5. A gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system according to claim 4, characterized in that, A thermistor (4) is provided on the side of the capacitor unit (11) for measuring the heat of the capacitor unit (11).

6. A gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The system also includes: The controller is electrically connected to the bidirectional solenoid valve (2), the flow sensor (3) and the thermistor (4).

7. A gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of both sides of the capacitor unit (11) is provided with a cable tray (9) for placing the circuit of the controller connected to the thermistor (4).

8. A gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The capacitor bank is provided with an outer shell, and the inner side of the outer shell is provided with a heat insulation layer (10).

9. A gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The capacitor unit (11) has a bypass pipe (6) on both sides of the top. The bypass pipe (6) is U-shaped and its inlet and outlet are connected to the serpentine main pipe (7). The connection point is located between the flow sensor (3) and the capacitor unit (11). The bypass pipe (6) is equipped with a U-shaped bypass pipe (5) which is parallel to the side of the capacitor unit (11).

10. A gridded temperature self-balancing supercapacitor system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The number of U-shaped bypass tubes (5) is multiple, and they are arranged in the gaps of the serpentine main tube (7).

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