Blanking adjusting mechanism of hopper car

Abstract

The hopper car discharging adjusting mechanism comprises a car hopper, door plates, hydraulic rods and discharging mechanisms, openings are formed in the front side and the rear side of the car hopper, the door plates capable of ascending and descending are installed at the openings, the door plates are driven by the hydraulic rods to be controlled to be opened and closed, the discharging mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the car hopper, and each discharging mechanism comprises a fixed material guide groove, a movable material guide groove and a driving piece. The fixed guide groove is fixed to the side face of the car hopper, the movable guide groove is connected with the fixed guide groove, the driving part comprises a lead screw, a motor, a connecting block, a driving plate, a guide rail and a movable plate, the lead screw is in threaded fit with the driving plate, the guide rail is slidably connected with the movable plate, and the motor drives the lead screw to rotate to drive the movable guide groove to conduct telescopic adjustment. The hydraulic rod can be used for controlling the door plate to be lifted to achieve directional ballast discharging, the motor drives the lead screw to adjust the length of the guide groove, and therefore the discharging range is flexibly adjusted, and the problems that in a traditional structure, discharging is uncontrollable, laying is uneven, and the guide groove is prone to shaking are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of hopper cart technology, specifically relating to a hopper cart feeding adjustment mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] During railway track laying and maintenance, a certain amount of ballast needs to be laid on both sides of the railway to form the track bed structure in order to ensure the stability of sleepers and tracks. Currently, hopper cars or wheelbarrows are commonly used for material loading and unloading during ballast transportation and laying. Traditional hopper cars generally adopt a fixed unloading guide structure, where ballast is released by opening the unloading port at the bottom or side of the wheelbarrow after the vehicle has moved to the working position. However, this type of structure generally has the problems of non-adjustable unloading range and low laying accuracy. Especially when the laying path is uneven or has boundary constraints, it is easy to cause uneven distribution of ballast, affecting the compactness of the track bed and the stability of the track.

[0003] Furthermore, while some existing improved hopper carts are equipped with movable guide chutes, their adjustment mechanisms mostly rely on manual operation or are complex, resulting in low adjustment efficiency and poor stability. This makes it difficult to meet the on-site demand for rapid and precise adjustment of the stone ballast laying angle and position. Especially when making fine adjustments to the material discharge direction, the lack of effective drive and guide structures often causes the guide chutes to shake, deform, or jam, affecting the continuity of material discharge and construction quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a hopper car feeding adjustment mechanism that can achieve reasonable structure, flexible adjustment, stable drive, and precise control of the stone slag feeding position.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A hopper cart unloading adjustment mechanism includes a hopper, with openings on both the front and rear sides of the hopper. A door panel that can be raised and lowered is installed at the opening of the hopper. A hydraulic rod that drives the door panel to rise and fall is fixed on the side of the hopper. Unloading mechanisms that can adjust the discharge distance are installed on both the front and rear sides of the hopper at positions corresponding to the openings of the hopper.

[0007] The unloading mechanism includes a fixed guide chute fixed to the side of the truck bed, a movable guide chute that can be telescopically adjusted is installed on the lower side of the fixed guide chute, and a drive component connected to the fixed guide chute is installed on the lower side of the movable guide chute. The drive component drives the movable guide chute to telescopically adjust.

[0008] Furthermore, side plates are fixed to the upper surface of the fixed guide chute near the left and right sides, and guide plates are fixed to the lower side of the fixed guide chute near the left and right sides, with guide grooves opened on the inner side of the guide plates.

[0009] Furthermore, a mounting plate is fixed to the lower side of the fixed guide chute near the truck bed, and a connecting block is fixed to the inner side of the mounting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the movable guide chute is installed between two guide plates. The upper surface of the movable guide chute is fixed with baffles near the left and right sides, and one side of the baffle is fixed with a guide edge that is stuck in the guide chute.

[0011] Furthermore, a drive plate is fixed to one end of the lower side of the movable guide chute near the mounting plate, and a longitudinal guide rail is fixed to the lower side of the movable guide chute.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving component includes a lead screw threaded through the drive plate and a movable plate slidably mounted on the guide rail. One end of the lead screw is fixed with a connector that is rotatably connected to the connecting block, and one side of the movable plate is fixed with a motor that drives the lead screw to rotate.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] By installing hydraulically controlled door panels on the front and rear sides of the truck bed and a material unloading mechanism at the corresponding position at the bottom of the truck bed, the orderly unloading and directional arrangement of ballast can be achieved. During unloading, the opening angle of the door panels can be controlled by hydraulic rods, which effectively avoids the problems of sudden unloading and uncontrollable material flow distribution caused by the fixed and unadjustable door panels in traditional structures, and improves the adjustment accuracy of material landing point and work safety during the paving process.

[0015] By setting up a cooperating structure of fixed and movable guide troughs in the feeding mechanism, and arranging a screw drive component below the movable guide trough, the extension length of the guide trough can be adjusted according to construction needs, realizing real-time adjustment of the stone ballast feeding range. Compared with the traditional fixed guide path structure, this solution significantly improves the flexibility to adapt to different terrain paving needs and solves the problem of uneven stone ballast accumulation caused by the inability to adjust the guide range.

[0016] By introducing a motor drive, guide rail limit, and connecting block rotation mechanism into the screw drive mechanism, the stability and accuracy of the guide trough during the extension and retraction process are ensured. This avoids the shaking, jamming, or error accumulation that occurs during the adjustment process of the existing manual operation structure of the guide trough, thus ensuring the guiding accuracy and improving the overall reliability and automation of the machine. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed material guide groove of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the movable guide trough of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component of this utility model.

[0022] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0023] 1. Cargo bed; 2. Door panel; 3. Hydraulic rod; 4. Unloading mechanism; 41. Fixed guide chute; 411. Connecting block; 412. Mounting plate; 413. Side plate; 414. Guide groove; 415. Guide plate; 42. Driving component; 421. Connector; 422. Lead screw; 423. Movable plate; 424. Motor; 43. Movable guide chute; 431. Guide rail; 432. Driving plate; 433. Side flange; 434. Guide edge. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of this utility model and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by this utility model.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a hopper car unloading adjustment mechanism includes a hopper 1 with openings on both the front and rear sides. A liftable door panel 2 is installed at each opening on the hopper 1. A hydraulic rod 3 is fixed to the side of the hopper 1 to drive the door panel 2 to rise and fall. The piston rod end of the hydraulic rod 3 is hinged to the middle of the door panel 2. By controlling the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod 3, the door panel 2 rotates around a pivot, thereby achieving opening and closing control. Unloading mechanisms 4, which allow for adjusting the discharge distance, are installed on both the front and rear sides of the hopper 1 at positions corresponding to the openings. The unloading mechanisms 4 are located on both sides of the bottom of the hopper 1 and are used to adjust the unloading distance and direction of ballast on the left and right sides of the railway, respectively, to meet the ballast distribution accuracy requirements under different road conditions.

[0026] like Figure 2As shown, the feeding mechanism 4 includes a fixed guide trough 41 fixed to the side of the hopper 1. The fixed guide trough 41 has a funnel-shaped structure, with its open end connected to the feeding port of the hopper 1. Its discharge end is a slit-type opening to guide the flow of ballast. A movable guide trough 43 that can be telescopically adjusted is installed on the lower side of the fixed guide trough 41. The movable guide trough 43 has a long rectangular channel structure and is provided with a locking part that docks with the fixed guide trough 41. A driving component 42 connected to the fixed guide trough 41 is installed on the lower side of the movable guide trough 43. The driving component 42 drives the movable guide trough 43 to telescopically adjust, thereby controlling the distance and coverage of the ballast falling, and realizing precise control of the position of the ballast on both sides of the laying track.

[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, side plates 413 are fixed to the upper surface of the fixed guide trough 41 near the left and right sides. The side plates 413 are vertically arranged and extend upward to strengthen the structural strength and form a guide channel. Guide plates 415 are fixed to the lower side of the fixed guide trough 41 near the left and right sides. The outer side of the guide plate 415 is connected to the side wall of the truck bed 1, and the inner side is fixed to the outer wall of the fixed guide trough 41 by bolts. A guide groove 414 is opened on the inner side of the guide plate 415. The guide groove 414 is U-shaped and longitudinally runs through, allowing the guide edge of the movable guide trough 43 to slide, thereby limiting its movement trajectory and avoiding lateral swaying.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, a mounting plate 412 is fixed on the lower side of the fixed guide trough 41 near the bucket 1. The mounting plate 412 is welded to the bottom plate of the bucket 1 by reinforcing ribs to form a stable support structure. A connecting block 411 is fixed on the inner side of the mounting plate 412. The connecting block 411 is a rectangular block structure with a bearing seat hole at the front end for fitting the connector 421 of the screw 422, so that the screw 422 can rotate at this point without axial movement, providing reliable bearing support for the drive system.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the movable guide trough 43 is installed between two guide plates 415. The movable guide trough 43 achieves a stable sliding fit through the guide edge 434 embedded in the guide groove 414. The upper surface of the movable guide trough 43 is fixed with a retaining edge 433 near the left and right sides. The retaining edge 433 extends upward to form a limiting structure to prevent the stone slag from spilling and forms a sliding limiting fit with the guide plate 415. One side of the retaining edge 433 is fixed with a guide edge 434 that is stuck in the guide groove 414. The guide edge 434 and the guide groove 414 have a precision sliding fit structure to ensure that the movable guide trough 43 moves in a predetermined direction without deviation or jamming.

[0030] like Figure 4As shown, a drive plate 432 is fixed to one end of the lower side of the movable guide trough 43 near the mounting plate 412. The drive plate 432 is a rectangular flat plate structure and is connected and fixed to the bottom of the movable guide trough 43 by bolts to transmit the driving force of the lead screw 422. A longitudinal guide rail 431 is fixed to the lower side of the movable guide trough 43. The length of the guide rail 431 is the same as the length of the bottom of the movable guide trough 43 and is a T-shaped rail structure, which is used for the movable plate 423 in the drive component 42 to slide and be clamped. Its cross-sectional structure is matched with the movable plate 423 to achieve linear guiding and positioning.

[0031] like Figure 5 As shown, the driving component 42 includes a lead screw 422 threaded through the driving plate 432. The lead screw 422 has a double-threaded structure, with one end passing through the connecting block 411 and rotatably connected to the connecting head 421 on it. By setting a bearing seat at the connecting block 411, the lead screw 422 maintains axial stability when rotating. The driving component 42 also includes a movable plate 423 slidably mounted on the guide rail 431. The movable plate 423 has a slotted slider structure and is engaged with the guide rail 431 through a bottom groove to achieve longitudinal movement. The other end of the lead screw 422 passes through the threaded hole in the middle of the movable plate 423 and is threadedly engaged with it. A motor 424 that drives the lead screw 422 to rotate is fixed on one side of the movable plate 423. The motor 424 is connected to the end of the lead screw 422 through a coupling. When the motor 424 is energized, it drives the lead screw 422 to rotate, so that the lead screw 422 pushes the driving plate 432 and the movable guide chute 43 through the threaded engagement structure to achieve telescopic adjustment, thereby realizing dynamic control of the range of the stone slag landing point.

[0032] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: When laying ballast on both sides of the railway, the ballast is loaded through the car hopper 1. When it reaches the laying location, the door panel 2 is lifted by controlling the hydraulic rod 3 to open the opening of the car hopper 1 to discharge the ballast. At this time, the ballast is spread on the location to be laid through the fixed guide chute 41 and the movable guide chute 43. When it is necessary to adjust the laying position, the screw 422 is driven to rotate by controlling the motor 424. The rotating screw 422 drives the drive plate 432 to move the movable guide chute 43 to extend and retract, thereby completing the adjustment of the material discharge position when laying the ballast.

[0033] When the lead screw 422 is working, the position of the lead screw 422 remains unchanged through the cooperation with the connecting block 411, so that only the drive plate 432 is driven to move. At the same time, the sliding cooperation between the movable plate 423 and the guide rail 431 completes the coordinated movement of the motor 424 on the movable guide trough 43, thereby completing the extension and retraction drive of the movable guide trough 43.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented using conventional methods in the field.

Claims

1. A hopper cart feeding adjustment mechanism, comprising a hopper (1), characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the truck bed (1) are open, and a door panel (2) that can be raised and lowered is installed at the opening of the truck bed (1). A hydraulic rod (3) that drives the door panel (2) to rise and fall is fixed on the side of the truck bed (1). A material discharge mechanism (4) that can adjust the discharge distance is installed at the corresponding positions of the front and rear sides of the truck bed (1) and the opening of the truck bed (1). The feeding mechanism (4) includes a fixed guide trough (41) fixed on the side of the truck bed (1). A movable guide trough (43) that can be telescopically adjusted is installed on the lower side of the fixed guide trough (41). A driving component (42) connected to the fixed guide trough (41) is installed on the lower side of the movable guide trough (43). The driving component (42) drives the movable guide trough (43) to telescopically adjust.

2. The hopper cart feeding adjustment mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the fixed guide trough (41) is fixed with side plates (413) near the left and right sides, and the lower side of the fixed guide trough (41) is fixed with guide plates (415) near the left and right sides. The inner side of the guide plate (415) is provided with guide grooves (414).

3. The hopper cart feeding adjustment mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting plate (412) is fixed on the lower side of the fixed guide trough (41) near the truck bed (1), and a connecting block (411) is fixed on the inner side of the mounting plate (412).

4. The hopper car feeding adjustment mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable guide trough (43) is installed between two guide plates (415). The upper surface of the movable guide trough (43) is fixed with a baffle (433) near the left and right sides. One side of the baffle (433) is fixed with a guide edge (434) that is stuck in the guide groove (414).

5. The hopper cart feeding adjustment mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A drive plate (432) is fixed to one end of the lower side of the movable guide trough (43) near the mounting plate (412), and a longitudinal guide rail (431) is fixed to the lower side of the movable guide trough (43).

6. The hopper cart feeding adjustment mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving component (42) includes a lead screw (422) threaded through the driving plate (432) and a movable plate (423) slidably mounted on the guide rail (431). One end of the lead screw (422) is fixed with a connector (421) rotatably connected to the connecting block (411), and one side of the movable plate (423) is fixed with a motor (424) that drives the lead screw (422) to rotate.

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