A tracking monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport path of rill system

Abstract

The application provides a tracking monitoring device for a key node of a sediment transport path of a rill system, which comprises a box body and a measuring piece. The box body comprises a sand collecting bin and an erosion port communicated with the sand collecting bin. The measuring piece is connected to the box body and is used for measuring the depth of the sediment eroded into the sand collecting bin through the erosion port. The application collects the eroded sediment by using the box body and measures by using the measuring piece. The collected sediment can be taken back for testing to calculate the amount of soil erosion. The tracking monitoring device has a simple structure, reasonable design of components and easy processing and manufacturing. The installation process is simple and fast, and a large-scale excavation or reconstruction of the original slope surface is not required. The box body is only needed to be vertically inserted into the slope surface to complete the installation. The disturbance and damage to the soil of the original slope surface are extremely small, the natural state of the slope surface is maintained to the maximum extent, the additional interference to the soil erosion process caused by the installation of the monitoring device is reduced, and the measurement accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of soil erosion monitoring, and in particular to a tracking and monitoring device for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a ditch system. Background Technology

[0002] Soil erosion in gully systems is a significant source of soil and water loss in watersheds, and its harmful effects cannot be ignored. Under the combined influence of human activities and natural factors, soil in gully systems is highly susceptible to erosion and transport, leading to soil loss and land degradation. Slope erosion is particularly severe during the rainy season, with large amounts of sediment being washed out of the gully system, severely hindering agricultural production. Therefore, research on monitoring key nodes of sediment transport pathways on slopes is of significant ecological importance. However, research on key node identification technologies and sediment transport monitoring equipment in gully systems remains lacking.

[0003] Currently, the main methods used for field monitoring of sediment data include runoff plot method, erosion needle method, and elemental tracer method. The runoff plot method requires the construction of earthen facilities and is generally used for scientific research demonstrations and fixed-point monitoring, resulting in relatively high construction and operating costs. The erosion needle method is currently a commonly used method by soil and water conservation workers in field research projects, but it still has the drawback of not being able to address the issue of exposed or buried erosion needles, leading to relatively large measurement errors. The elemental tracer method requires the collection of large quantities of soil samples containing tracers and necessitates magnetic analysis testing in a laboratory to obtain results. It is significantly limited by laboratory conditions and funding constraints, making it difficult to widely promote in practical production. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport paths in ditch systems, which aims to effectively improve the tracking and monitoring of key nodes of sediment transport paths in ditch systems.

[0005] This application provides a tracking and monitoring device for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a slope ditch system, including a housing and a measuring element. The housing includes a sediment collection chamber and an erosion port communicating with the sediment collection chamber. The measuring element is connected to the housing and is used to measure the depth of sediment eroded into the sediment collection chamber through the erosion port.

[0006] In one embodiment, the box body includes a bottom wall and a side wall connected to the periphery of the bottom wall, the bottom wall and the side wall enclosing the sand collection chamber, the erosion port being formed at the end of the side wall away from the bottom wall, and the measuring element being connected to the side wall.

[0007] In one embodiment, the bottom wall has a measurement reference surface located within the sand collection chamber, and the measuring element has a measurement mark, the starting line of which is flush with the measurement reference surface.

[0008] In one embodiment, the plane containing the erosion port is parallel to the measurement reference plane;

[0009] And / or, the measuring element is perpendicular to the measuring reference plane, or, the arrangement direction of the measuring marks is perpendicular to the measuring reference plane;

[0010] And / or, the starting line is flush with the bottom end face of the measuring element located inside the sand collection bin.

[0011] In one embodiment, the sidewall includes a mounting wall, and the measuring element is mounted on the mounting wall located on the inner surface of the sand collection bin;

[0012] And / or, the sidewall is perpendicular to the bottom wall.

[0013] In one embodiment, the sidewall includes a mounting wall, the sidewall being made of a transparent material or the box being made of a transparent material, and the measuring element being mounted on the inner or outer surface of the mounting wall.

[0014] In one embodiment, the measuring element includes measuring marks disposed on the sidewall;

[0015] Alternatively, the measuring element can be detachably connected to the sidewall by means of clips, screws, or adhesive.

[0016] Alternatively, the measuring element may be fitted onto the wall surface of the sidewall.

[0017] In one embodiment, the length of the measuring element is greater than or equal to the depth of the sand collection bin;

[0018] And / or, the thickness of the box body is 2.5 to 3.5 mm;

[0019] And / or, the measuring accuracy of the measuring element is 0.1 mm.

[0020] In one embodiment, the box is square; the length of the box is 8-12cm, the width of the box is 8-12cm, and the height of the box is 8-12cm.

[0021] In one embodiment, the box body is made of PVC; and / or, the measuring element is made of stainless steel.

[0022] In summary, this application provides a tracking and monitoring device for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a slope-gully system. The device includes a housing and a measuring element. The housing includes a sediment collection chamber and an erosion port connected to the chamber. The measuring element is connected to the housing and measures the depth of sediment eroded into the collection chamber via the erosion port. This application utilizes the housing to collect eroded sediment and uses the measuring element to measure it. The collected sediment can be brought back for testing to calculate soil erosion. Furthermore, the tracking and monitoring device has a simple structure, reasonable component design, and is easy to manufacture. Installation is simple and quick, requiring no large-scale excavation or modification of the original slope surface; installation is completed simply by vertically inserting the housing into the slope. This minimizes soil disturbance and damage, preserving the natural state of the slope to the greatest extent possible, reducing additional interference to the soil erosion process caused by the monitoring device installation, and improving measurement accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a tracking and monitoring device for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a slope ditch system, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a tracking and monitoring device used for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a slope ditch system.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A side view of a tracking and monitoring device used for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a slope ditch system in one direction.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A side view of a tracking and monitoring device used for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a slope ditch system, viewed from another direction.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A side view of a tracking and monitoring device used for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a slope ditch system in another direction.

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A top-side view of a tracking and monitoring device used for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a slope ditch system.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A front view of the measuring element of a tracking and monitoring device used for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a slope ditch system.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10 - Tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport path in slope gully system; 12 - Box body; 14 - Measuring component; 16 - Sediment collection bin; 18 - Erosion port; 20 - Bottom wall; 22 - Side wall; 24 - Measurement reference surface; 26 - Measurement mark; 28 - Starting line; 30 - Mounting wall; 32 - Thickened part. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Before describing the embodiments in detail, it should be understood that this application is not limited to the detailed structures or element arrangements described below or in the accompanying drawings. This application can be implemented in other ways. Furthermore, it should be understood that the wording and terminology used herein are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as limiting. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and similar expressions used herein mean to include the items listed thereafter, their equivalents, and other additional items. In particular, when describing "an element," this application does not limit the number of elements to one, but may include multiple elements.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a tracking and monitoring device 10 (hereinafter referred to as the tracking and monitoring device 10) for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a ditch system. The tracking and monitoring device 10 includes a housing 12 and a measuring element 14. The housing 12 forms a sediment collection chamber 16 and an erosion port 18 connected to the sediment collection chamber 16. The sediment collection chamber 16 is used to collect sediment that enters the sediment collection chamber 16 during soil erosion. The measuring element 14 is connected to the housing 12 and is used to measure the depth of sediment eroded into the sediment collection chamber 16 through the erosion port 18. The tracking and monitoring device 10 of this application has a simple structure, is easy to use, and has low cost, making it economically applicable. It reduces damage to the original soil and can also effectively improve the accuracy of sediment quantity measurement at key nodes in sediment transport, providing convenience for researchers to accurately monitor the sediment quantity at key nodes in the sediment transport path of a ditch system. Moreover, the tracking and monitoring device 10 is suitable for soil and water conservation scientific research and engineering practice, and can provide reliable data support for the study of sediment transport paths in ditch systems, showing good prospects for promotion and application.

[0033] More specifically, the housing 12 includes a bottom wall 20 and side walls 22 connected to the periphery of the bottom wall 20. The bottom wall 20 and the side walls 22 enclose a sand collection chamber 16. An erosion port 18 is formed at the end of the side wall 22 away from the bottom wall 20. A measuring element 14 is connected to the side wall 22, for example, the measuring element 14 is attached to the side wall 22. Further, the bottom wall 20 has a measuring reference surface 24 located within the sand collection chamber 16. The measuring reference surface 24 is, for example, a plane, and the sediment contained in the sand collection chamber 16 accumulates on the measuring reference surface 24.

[0034] Preferably, the sidewall 22 and the bottom wall 20 are integrally formed, which facilitates integrated processing and manufacturing. The sidewall 22 and the bottom wall 20 are arranged perpendicularly to facilitate the measurement and calculation of eroded mud and sand in the sand collection bin 16.

[0035] Furthermore, the measuring element 14 has measuring marks 26, the starting line 28 of which is flush with the measuring reference surface 24, to facilitate accurate measurement and calculation of eroded sediment within the sand collection chamber 16. For example, the measuring element 14 is a long strip-shaped ruler, and the measuring marks 26 are graduation lines set on the side of the measuring element 14. The starting line 28 is, for example, the 0 graduation line, and the graduation value gradually increases vertically upwards from the 0 graduation line. Preferably, the starting line 28 is flush with the bottom end face of the measuring element 14 within the sand collection chamber 16.

[0036] In the illustrated embodiment, the plane containing the erosion port 18 is set parallel to the measurement reference plane 24, and the measuring element 14 is set perpendicular to the measurement reference plane 24; alternatively, the arrangement direction of the measuring marks 26 is set perpendicular to the measurement reference plane 24. During the installation of the tracking and monitoring device 10, the erosion port 18 is positioned away from the slope surface, and the box body 12 is embedded perpendicularly into the slope soil, so that the end face of the side wall 22 facing away from the bottom wall 20 is flush with the slope surface. That is, the end face of the side wall 22 located at the erosion port 18 is flush with the slope surface, so that the eroded sediment can enter the sand collection chamber 16 from the erosion port 18, and the accuracy of subsequent measurement and calculation data can be improved.

[0037] Furthermore, the side wall 22 includes a mounting wall 30, and the measuring element 14 is mounted on the mounting wall 30 on the inner surface of the sand collection bin 16. Alternatively, the side wall 22 includes a mounting wall 30, the side wall 22 is made of a transparent material or the box 12 is made of a transparent material, and the measuring element 14 is mounted on the inner or outer surface of the mounting wall 30, so that the measuring mark 26 can be seen from the inside or outside of the box 12 for easy measurement.

[0038] In this embodiment, the housing 12 is made of transparent material, the mounting wall 30 is a flat plate structure, the measuring element 14 is attached to the inner surface of the mounting wall 30, and the measuring mark 26 can be set on the side of the measuring element 14 away from the mounting wall 30. In other embodiments, the measuring element 14 can also be configured with measuring marks 26 on both sides, so that measurement data can be read from both the inner and outer sides of the housing 12.

[0039] In this embodiment, the measuring element 14 and the housing 12 are separate structures. In other embodiments, the measuring element 14 can also be integrally formed with the housing 12, that is, the measuring element 14 is formed as part of the housing 12. For example, the measuring element includes measuring marks, which are set on the side wall. From another perspective, the measuring marks can be directly set on the side wall to measure eroded sediment. Alternatively, the measuring element can be embedded in the side wall surface. For example, a groove is made on the side wall surface, the measuring element 14 is engaged in the groove, and the measuring marks are exposed to facilitate reading the measurement data.

[0040] The measuring component 14 and the side wall 22 can be detachably connected and fixed by means of clips, screws, or adhesive, facilitating disassembly and maintenance. In this embodiment, the measuring component 14 and the side wall 22 are detachably fixed by screws. Specifically, the measuring component 14 and the mounting wall 30 are connected and fixed by nuts and screws. For example, screw holes are made at corresponding positions on the measuring component 14 and the mounting wall 30, and screws and nuts are used for screwing and installation. The nuts and screws are M2, with a nut diameter of 4mm and a screw length of 5mm. This miniaturized and refined design ensures the firmness of the connection between the measuring component 14 and the housing 12 without causing excessive impact on the overall structure of the device due to excessive size, while also facilitating installation and disassembly. The measuring component 14 and the housing 12 are connected by screws and nuts, forming a stable whole. The device connection method is simple and reliable, capable of withstanding certain external forces, ensuring that the components of the device will not easily loosen or separate during monitoring, thus ensuring the smooth operation of the monitoring work.

[0041] Preferably, the measuring element 14 is installed in the middle of the inner surface of the mounting wall 30. For example, a longitudinal groove is formed in the middle of the inner wall surface of the mounting wall 30. The bottom end of the longitudinal groove extends to the measuring reference surface 24, and the top end extends upward through the top end face of the mounting wall 30. The measuring element 14 can be snapped into the longitudinal groove. The measuring element 14 can be completely contained in the longitudinal groove, or the outer surface of the measuring element 14 (or the outer part of the structure of the measuring element 14) protrudes out of the longitudinal groove, or the outer surface of the measuring element 14 is flush with the inner wall surface of the mounting wall 30. This design can, on the one hand, limit the measuring element 14 by the longitudinal groove, improve the installation stability of the measuring element 14, and on the other hand, facilitate the installation and positioning of the measuring element 14, improving assembly efficiency. For example, the measuring element 14 can be slid downward from the top opening of the longitudinal groove and installed in the longitudinal groove, and then fixed by screws; or, the measuring element 14 can be inserted laterally into the longitudinal groove from the side opening of the longitudinal groove located in the sand collection chamber 16, and then fixed by screws.

[0042] Furthermore, a thickened portion 32 is provided on the outer wall surface of the mounting wall 30 on the side opposite to the sand collection bin 16. The thickened portion 32 corresponds to the middle part of the measuring element 14 and extends longitudinally. The thickened portion 32 and the mounting wall 30 or the box body 12 are, for example, integrally formed structures. By providing the thickened portion 32, the position of the screw or screw hole corresponds to the thickened portion 32, which can increase the mounting thickness of the mounting wall 30 at the connection point. Longer screws can be used, or the thickness of the box body 12 can be reduced, making the connection between the measuring element 14 and the mounting wall 30 more secure and increasing the stability of the connection.

[0043] The length of the measuring element 14 can be set to be greater than or equal to the depth of the sand collection chamber 16. The measuring element 14 is erected and closely attached to the inner wall surface of the mounting wall 30. In this embodiment, a portion of the measuring element 14 is attached to the inner wall surface of the mounting wall 30, and the bottom end face of the measuring element 14 abuts against the measuring reference surface 24. The other portion of the measuring element 14 extends beyond the box body 12, meaning the length of the measuring element 14 is greater than the depth of the sand collection chamber 16. The portion of the measuring element 14 extending beyond the box body 12 can form a handle, facilitating the user's carrying, installation, and location locating of the tracking and monitoring device 10. Specifically, the measuring length of the measuring element 14 is 20cm, meaning the measuring range of the measuring element 14 is 0 to 20cm, and the measuring accuracy of the measuring element 14 is 0.1mm. Setting the measuring length of the measuring element 14 to 20cm allows for sufficient recording of changes in the siltation height during monitoring, while also facilitating the overall installation and carrying of the device. The measuring element 14 achieves a measurement accuracy of 0.1 mm. This extremely high precision enables it to accurately capture minute changes in burial height during sediment transport, providing accurate data support for subsequent analysis of sediment transport patterns. The measuring element 14 is made of stainless steel, which offers excellent corrosion and wear resistance, extending its service life. In the complex natural environment of the ditch system, it maintains clear scale markings and measurement stability over long periods, ensuring the reliability and continuity of monitoring data.

[0044] In the illustrated embodiment, the box 12 is made of transparent material and is square in shape, such as a square or rectangle, to facilitate measurement and calculation. That is, the box 12 comprises five parts (the top part is an open structure), one of which is the bottom wall 20. The side walls 22 comprise four parts circumferentially connected and enclosing the box 12. The bottom ends of the four parts are connected to the four sides of the bottom wall 20, forming the box 12 with a sand collection chamber 16. The mounting wall 30 is one of the four parts of the side wall 22. The box 12 has a thickness of 2.5–3.5 mm, a length of 8–12 cm, a width of 8–12 cm, and a height of 8–12 cm. Preferably, the thickness of the box 12 is 3 mm, and the length, width, and height are all 10 cm. It should be noted that the depth of the sediment and the depth of the sand collection chamber 16 are in the same direction as the height of the box 12. The casing 12 is 3mm thick, a thickness that ensures sufficient strength while minimizing the overall weight of the device. The casing 12 forms a relatively independent monitoring unit with a certain space, namely the sand collection chamber 16. The dimensions of the casing 12 are designed to accommodate a certain amount of sediment samples, facilitating subsequent analysis, without increasing installation difficulty or occupying too much slope space due to excessive volume. The casing 12 is made of PVC (polyvinyl chloride), a material with excellent waterproof, moisture-proof, and corrosion-resistant properties, effectively protecting the internal measuring components 14 and the collected sediment samples from external environmental interference.

[0045] After collecting eroded sediment, the box 12 can be removed from the slope soil for measurement and data reading. Before reading the measurement data of the measuring component 14, the box 12 can be laid flat or the eroded sediment inside the box 12 can be smoothed to make the height of the eroded sediment in the box 12 uniform, thereby improving the accuracy of the data.

[0046] The following is a detailed explanation of the steps for using the tracking and monitoring device 10 to track and monitor key nodes in the sediment transport path of the slope-gully system:

[0047] Step 1: Deployment of tracking and monitoring device 10

[0048] Area Selection and Path Calculation: Before commencing monitoring, a pre-selected monitoring slope area must be determined. This area should be selected based on a comprehensive analysis of the topography, soil, and vegetation characteristics of the slope-gully system to ensure its representativeness. Simultaneously, sediment connectivity analysis methods are used to calculate the transport path nodes of sediment within the slope-gully system. These methods can include existing survey and mapping methods, graph theory, index methods, and model simulations, which will not be detailed here. These nodes are key locations in the sediment transport process and are crucial for understanding the laws governing sediment movement.

[0049] Device Installation: Based on the calculated sediment connectivity transport path nodes, precisely deploy the tracking monitoring device 10 within the pre-selected monitoring slope area. During installation, ensure that the sidewall 22 of the measuring element 14 or the housing 12 is perpendicular to the surface of the monitoring plot to ensure measurement accuracy. Simultaneously, ensure that the end face of the sidewall 22 at the erosion port 18 is strictly flush with the plot surface; this is the basis for subsequent accurate measurement of sediment burial height. Furthermore, sequentially number the installation nodes in a clear and orderly manner for subsequent data processing and analysis.

[0050] Step 2: Image acquisition of the measured part

[0051] Monitoring point location determination: Based on the pre-set monitoring plan, the locations of each monitoring point are determined. The layout of these points should comprehensively consider factors such as the topographic features of the slope and gully system and sediment transport paths to ensure that the sediment transport situation can be fully and accurately reflected.

[0052] Photography Procedure: At each monitoring point, take a picture of the measuring element 14 using a high-definition digital camera. During the photography process, ensure that the camera lens is perpendicular to the surface of the measuring element 14 where the measurement markings 26 are set, to obtain clear, distortion-free high-definition images. The timing of the photography should be reasonably arranged according to monitoring needs and local climate conditions, such as after rainfall or at specific time intervals, in order to capture the dynamic changes in sediment transport.

[0053] Step 3: Read the burial height of the measuring component

[0054] Image Import and Processing: The high-definition images of the measured parts are imported into the computer. Professional image processing software is used to preprocess the images, such as adjusting brightness and contrast, and removing noise, to improve image quality and facilitate subsequent scale recognition.

[0055] Height Reading: Using the scale recognition function in the image processing software, accurately read the height of the burial of the measuring component 14 at each monitoring point by the mud and sand, according to the scale on the measuring component 14. During the reading process, care should be taken to eliminate interference factors in the image, such as shadows and reflections, to ensure the accuracy of the reading results.

[0056] Step 4: Calculation of Soil Erosion

[0057] Sediment sample processing: After completing the burial height reading of measuring element 14, the sediment retained in each monitoring point device is collected. The collected sediment samples are placed in a drying device and dried under specified temperature (e.g., 105℃) and time (usually 24 hours) conditions until the sediment sample quality no longer changes.

[0058] Weighing and Calculation: The dried sediment samples were weighed using a high-precision electronic balance, and the mass of each sample was recorded. Based on parameters such as the area of ​​the monitoring points, the soil erosion rate was calculated using the following formula:

[0059] Q = SM

[0060] Where Q represents soil erosion (unit: g / m³) 2 M is the mass of the dried sediment sample (in g), and S is the area of ​​the monitoring point (in m²). 2 The soil erosion amount at the corresponding monitoring points was calculated. By analyzing and comparing the soil erosion amounts at multiple monitoring points, we can gain a deeper understanding of the distribution characteristics and variation patterns of sediment transport in the slope-gully system.

[0061] The tracking and monitoring device 10 for key nodes of sediment transport path in slope gully system of this application has a simple structure, low material cost, and convenient installation. It causes less soil disturbance and damage to the original slope surface. Compared with the traditional erosion needle measurement method, the tracking and monitoring device 10 of this application can improve the measurement speed and accuracy, thereby improving the monitoring efficiency.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least the following advantages:

[0063] (1) The tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport path in the slope ditch system proposed in this application has a simple structure, reasonable design of each component, and is easy to process and manufacture. It is made of conventional materials, with low material cost, and does not require complicated processes and expensive equipment, which is conducive to large-scale promotion and application.

[0064] (2) The installation process of the device is simple and quick. There is no need to carry out large-scale excavation or modification of the original slope. The installation can be completed by simply inserting the box vertically into the slope. The disturbance and damage to the soil of the original slope is minimal, and the natural state of the slope is maintained to the greatest extent, reducing the additional interference to the soil erosion process caused by the installation of the monitoring device.

[0065] (3) Compared with the traditional erosion needle measurement method, the monitoring device of this application realizes rapid and accurate reading of the burial height of the erosion scale through high-definition digital camera imaging and computer image processing technology, which greatly improves the measurement speed and accuracy. At the same time, combined with the sediment drying and weighing method to calculate the soil erosion, the data is more accurate and reliable, and can more realistically reflect the erosion status of key nodes in the sediment transport path of the slope gully system, effectively improving the monitoring efficiency.

[0066] (4) The corrosion resistance of stainless steel measuring parts and the waterproof and moisture-proof properties of PVC box enable the device to work stably for a long time in complex and ever-changing natural environments, effectively resist the erosion and damage of the external environment, extend the service life, and reduce maintenance costs and workload.

[0067] The concepts described herein may be implemented in other forms without departing from their spirit and characteristics. The specific embodiments disclosed should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive. Therefore, the scope of this application is determined by the appended claims, and not by the preceding description. Any changes within the literal meaning and equivalent scope of the claims should fall within the scope of those claims.

Claims

1. A tracking and monitoring device for key nodes in the sediment transport path of a slope-ditch system, characterized in that, The device includes a housing and a measuring element. The housing includes a sand collection chamber and an erosion port communicating with the sand collection chamber. The measuring element is connected to the housing and is used to measure the depth of mud and sand eroded into the sand collection chamber through the erosion port.

2. The tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport path in slope and gully systems as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The box includes a bottom wall and side walls connected to the periphery of the bottom wall. The bottom wall and the side walls enclose the sand collection chamber. The erosion port is formed at the end of the side wall away from the bottom wall. The measuring element is connected to the side wall.

3. The tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport path in a slope-ditch system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom wall has a measurement reference surface located within the sand collection chamber, and the measuring element has a measurement mark, the starting line of which is flush with the measurement reference surface.

4. The tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport path in a slope-ditch system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The plane containing the erosion port is parallel to the measurement reference plane; And / or, the measuring element is perpendicular to the measuring reference plane, or, the arrangement direction of the measuring marks is perpendicular to the measuring reference plane; And / or, the starting line is flush with the bottom end face of the measuring element located inside the sand collection bin.

5. The tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport path in a slope-ditch system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sidewall includes a mounting wall, and the measuring element is mounted on the mounting wall located on the inner surface of the sand collection bin; And / or, the sidewall is perpendicular to the bottom wall.

6. The tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport path in a slope-ditch system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sidewall includes a mounting wall, which is made of a transparent material or the box body is made of a transparent material, and the measuring element is mounted on the inner or outer surface of the mounting wall.

7. The tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport path in a slope-ditch system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring element includes measuring marks, which are disposed on the side wall; Alternatively, the measuring element can be detachably connected to the sidewall by means of clips, screws, or adhesive. Alternatively, the measuring element may be fitted onto the wall surface of the sidewall.

8. The tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport paths in slope-ditch systems as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The length of the measuring element is greater than or equal to the depth of the sand collection bin; And / or, the thickness of the box body is 2.5 to 3.5 mm; And / or, the measuring accuracy of the measuring element is 0.1 mm.

9. The tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport paths in slope-ditch systems as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The box is square; the length of the box is 8-12cm, the width of the box is 8-12cm, and the height of the box is 8-12cm.

10. The tracking and monitoring device for key nodes of sediment transport paths in slope-ditch systems as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The box body is made of PVC; and / or the measuring element is made of stainless steel.

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