A device for surface descaling and coking in municipal solid waste incinerators

Abstract

This utility model discloses a device for surface descaling and descaling of a municipal solid waste incinerator. A handheld handle is fixed to the bottom of the outer casing. The laser emitter, scanning galvanometer, and focusing lens are all located within the inner cavity of the outer casing. A laser irradiation port is provided on the side wall of the outer casing. The laser emitter is connected to the main body via an optical fiber. The scanning galvanometer is located between the laser emitter and the focusing lens. Emitters are also positioned between the scanning galvanometer and the laser emitter, and between the laser irradiation port and the focusing lens. The handheld optical focusing device utilizes the high-temperature ablation effect of laser light to precisely target the descaling area of ​​the incinerator, achieving non-contact descaling. The handheld design allows for flexible operation to adapt to complex furnace structures, avoiding physical damage to the furnace chamber caused by traditional mechanical descaling. Simultaneously, it can quickly remove descaling and corrosive substances from the inner wall of the furnace chamber, superheater, and economizer, while improving the surface's descaling and corrosion resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of boiler cleaning devices, and in particular to a device for cleaning and suppressing coking on the surface of a municipal solid waste incinerator. Background Technology

[0002] During long-term operation, fly ash from municipal solid waste incinerators accumulates on heating surfaces such as the furnace walls, superheaters, and economizers. In the high-temperature environment of the flue gas, the ash particles melt and coke, reducing boiler thermal efficiency, increasing energy consumption, corroding metal heating surfaces, and in severe cases, even causing boiler shutdown. Traditional descaling methods, such as manual cleaning and chemical cleaning using electric picks and hydraulic breakers, suffer from low efficiency, high labor intensity, corrosiveness to equipment, and potential damage to boiler heating surfaces.

[0003] With the maturation of laser technology and the continuous reduction in the cost of laser applications, its environmentally friendly, intelligent, non-contact, and highly controllable characteristics have led to its increasing application in industrial cleaning. However, laser technology is currently only used for cleaning tar and rust from metal surfaces, and its application in laser scorching inhibition technology for municipal solid waste incinerators remains unexplored. Therefore, inventing a device for surface scorching removal and inhibition in municipal solid waste incinerators is extremely important. It is evident that existing technologies require further improvement and enhancement. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a device for surface cleaning and slag suppression of municipal solid waste incinerators, which solves the problem of low efficiency of boiler slag cleaning equipment in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a device for surface scorching and scorching suppression of a municipal solid waste incinerator, comprising a main body, an optical fiber, and a handheld optical focuser: the optical focuser includes a handheld handle, a housing, a laser emitter, a scanning galvanometer, a focusing lens, a laser irradiation port, and a reflector. The handheld handle is fixed to the bottom of the housing. The laser emitter, the scanning galvanometer, and the focusing lens are all located within the inner cavity of the housing. The laser irradiation port is provided on the side wall of the housing. The laser emitter is connected to the main body through the optical fiber. The scanning galvanometer is located between the laser emitter and the focusing lens. The emitter is provided between the scanning galvanometer and the laser emitter, and between the laser irradiation port and the focuser.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, a laser generator disposed within the main body is further included for generating a high-energy laser beam; the laser generator is connected to an optical focuser via an optical fiber.

[0007] In one embodiment of this utility model, a control module is provided in the main body for adjusting the laser power and controlling the movement trajectory of the laser focusing head in real time; the control module is connected to the optical focuser and the laser generator respectively.

[0008] In one embodiment of this utility model, the laser generator is a fiber laser or a carbon dioxide laser with a wavelength range of 1064nm, 355nm or 10600nm and an adjustable power range of 50W to 3000W.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control module includes a touch panel for adjusting the power and wavelength of the laser generator, the touch panel being located on the front side of the main body.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, a heat sink is further included, which is disposed in the host body near the laser generator.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, a movable roller is further included, and the movable roller is rotatably disposed on the bottom of the main body.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, a power supply module for power supply is further included, the power supply module being disposed near a corner of the main body.

[0013] As described above, the device for surface descaling and scorching of municipal solid waste incinerators of this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. High-efficiency descorching: Lasers have high energy density and can quickly decompose and vaporize most metal oxides, modify the structural characteristics of metal or non-metal heated surfaces, and promote the formation of high-performance oxide layers with anti-corrosion and heat transfer properties, such as zinc, aluminum, titanium, nickel and chromium, which greatly improves the descorching ability of metal or non-metal heated surfaces.

[0015] 2. Precise positioning: The optical focusing device enables precise positioning and removal of coke, avoiding damage to the equipment itself;

[0016] 3. Safe and environmentally friendly: No chemical agents are used in the laser descaling process, and no harmful substances are produced, making it environmentally friendly; Low cost: Compared with existing robotic arm descaling, the system structure of this invention is simple, the equipment is small in size, and requires no consumables, resulting in lower costs; Wide range of applications: Applicable to various types of boilers, including industrial boilers and large power plant boilers; Its flexibility and efficiency enable it to play an important role in boilers of different sizes and types. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the device for surface descaling and scalding of municipal solid waste incinerator provided by this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of the device for surface descaling and scalding of a municipal solid waste incinerator provided by this utility model.

[0020] Component designation explanation

[0021] 1. Main body; 2. Fiber optic cable; 3. Optical focuser; 31. Hand grip; 32. Outer shell; 33. Laser emitter; 34. Scanning galvanometer; 35. Focusing lens; 36. Laser irradiation port; 37. Reflector; 4. Laser generator; 5. Control module; 6. Heat sink; 7. Moving wheel; 8. Power module. Detailed Implementation

[0022] This utility model provides a device for cleaning and suppressing coking on the surface of a municipal solid waste incinerator. To make the purpose, technical solution and effects of this utility model clearer and more explicit, the following describes this utility model in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "up, down, left, right" and other indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model; in addition, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2This invention provides a device for cleaning and suppressing char on the surface of a municipal solid waste incinerator, comprising a main body 1, an optical fiber 2, and a handheld optical focuser 3. The optical focuser 3 includes a handheld handle 31, a housing 32, a laser emitter 33, a scanning galvanometer 34, a focusing lens 35, a laser irradiation port 36, and a reflector 37. The handheld handle 31 is fixed to the bottom of the housing 32, and the laser emitter 33, scanning galvanometer 34, and focusing lens 35 are all disposed within the inner cavity of the housing 32. A laser irradiation port 36 is provided on the side wall of the housing 32, and the laser emitter 33 is connected to the main body 1 via the optical fiber 2. The scanning galvanometer 34 is located between the laser emitter 33 and the focusing lens 35, and reflectors 37 are provided between the scanning galvanometer 34 and the laser emitter 33, and between the laser irradiation port 36 and the focusing lens 35, to guide the transmission direction of the laser beam and ensure that the laser beam can accurately act on the charred area on the surface of the incinerator.

[0025] In one embodiment of this invention, a laser generator 4 is further provided within the main body 1 to generate a high-energy laser beam. The laser generator 4 is connected to an optical focuser 3 via an optical fiber 2, providing strong energy support for the entire coking and descaling process. The use of the optical fiber 2 significantly reduces energy loss during laser transmission, thereby ensuring the energy intensity and stability of the laser during coking and descaling, and effectively improving the effect and efficiency of coking and descaling. Optionally, the laser generator 4 is an optical fiber laser or a carbon dioxide laser, with a wavelength range selectable from 1064nm, 355nm, or 10600nm, and an adjustable power range from 50W to 3000W. The laser generator 4 has different wavelength ranges and adjustable power ranges, allowing for the selection of appropriate laser parameters based on the nature and degree of coking on the incinerator surface. By selecting an appropriate wavelength, the laser's efficiency in removing coke and its effect on suppressing coking can be significantly improved, thus better meeting the coking and descaling requirements under different operating conditions.

[0026] In another embodiment of this utility model, a control module 5 is also provided inside the main body 1 for real-time adjustment of laser power and control of the movement trajectory of the laser focusing head. The control module 5 is connected to the optical focuser 3 and the laser generator 4 respectively, and can flexibly adjust the laser energy output according to the scorching and scorching requirements of different parts of the incinerator surface. By precisely controlling the laser power, unnecessary damage to the incinerator surface caused by excessive laser power or poor scorching and scorching effects caused by insufficient laser power can be effectively avoided, thereby further improving the accuracy and reliability of scorching and scorching. Specifically, the control module 5 also includes a touch panel for adjusting the power and wavelength of the laser generator 4, and the touch panel is located on the front side of the main body 1. The touch panel allows operators to operate and adjust conveniently and quickly, without complicated operating procedures, to achieve precise control of laser parameters, further improving the ease of use and operation of the device.

[0027] In a further embodiment of this utility model, a heat sink 6 is also provided inside the main body 1, and the heat sink 6 is located close to the laser generator 4. The heat sink 6 is an air-cooled heat sink or a water-cooled heat sink, which can effectively dissipate heat from the laser generator 4, ensuring that the laser generator 4 maintains a good working condition during long-term operation, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of laser output, extending the service life of the laser generator 4, and reducing the maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0028] In another embodiment of this utility model, the bottom of the main body 1 is rotatably provided with movable rollers 7, which are distributed at the corners of the main body 1, so that the operator can easily move the device to the position where the scorch clearing and scorch suppression work needs to be performed, without having to spend a lot of manpower and material resources to carry it, which greatly improves the mobility and flexibility of the device and further improves work efficiency.

[0029] In the final embodiment of this utility model, a power supply module 8 for power supply is also provided inside the main body 1. Optionally, the voltage of the power supply module 8 is 220V or 380V, and the power supply module 8 is located near the corner of the main body 1. The reasonable layout of the power supply module 8 makes more efficient use of the internal space of the main body 1, saving internal space. At the same time, the power supply module 8 can be used as an internal power supply or an external power supply, which also facilitates the installation and maintenance of the power supply module 8, further improving the overall performance and reliability of the device.

[0030] This utility model provides a device for cleaning and suppressing slagging on the surface of a municipal solid waste incinerator. In actual operation: depending on the type of slagging and the surface material (mainly metallic or non-metallic), the wavelength and power of the laser generator 4 are adjusted by the control module 5 to ensure effective slagging without damaging the surface material. Then, the laser beam is focused onto the slagging surface via the optical fiber 2 and optical focuser 3. Simultaneously, the heat sink 6 continues to operate to ensure normal operation. By rationally configuring the main body 1, optical fiber 2, optical focuser 3, and related auxiliary components, efficient and precise control of slagging and suppressing on the incinerator surface is achieved. It has advantages such as convenient operation, high mobility, and significant slagging and suppressing effects, effectively solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0031] The experimental data for using the above-mentioned device for surface descaling and scorching suppression in municipal solid waste incinerators are as follows:

[0032] Experiment 1: The experimental subject was heat-resistant high-temperature stainless steel AISI 310S, measuring 7cm*7cm. Coking ash powder was evenly spread on the surface of the AISI 310S stainless steel to a thickness of 1mm. The surface was then placed in a high-speed muffle furnace at 1150℃ for 15 minutes. The coking layer was then treated with laser. Laser parameters: line laser, fiber laser, power 50W, wavelength 1064nm, pulse repetition frequency 50kHz, pulse width 120ns, pulse energy 0.944mJ, irradiation distance 150mm. The coking removal efficiency was 95%. The laser-treated group, after coking removal, had a 1mm thick layer of coking ash powder spread on its surface. It was then placed in a muffle furnace and placed in a corundum pot at a 60° angle, at 1150℃ for 15 minutes. Compared to the untreated group, the laser-treated group showed a 30% reduction in coking.

[0033] Experiment 2: Coking and Suppression of Fireproof Bricks on the Inner Wall of a 600t / d Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator. First, mechanical coking was used to remove the hard, large pieces of coke from the surface. Then, laser treatment was applied to the fireproof bricks on the inner wall of the furnace. Laser parameters: line laser, carbon dioxide laser, power 50W, wavelength 10600nm, pulse repetition frequency 20kHz, pulse width 200ns, pulse energy 2.5mJ, repetitions 2 times, scanning speed 10mm / s, irradiation distance 300mm. Coking efficiency was 80%, and the coking cycle was extended by 30%.

[0034] Experiment 3: Coking and Suppression of Superheater Surface in a 600t / d Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator. First, mechanical decoking was used to remove the coking layer from the superheater surface. Then, laser treatment was applied to the metal surface of the superheater. Laser parameters: line laser, power 1000W, wavelength 1064nm, pulse repetition frequency 50kHz, pulse width 120ns, pulse energy 0.02J. Decoking efficiency was 95%, repeated twice, scanning speed 30mm / s, irradiation distance 300mm. Decoking efficiency was 90%, the corrosion resistance of the superheater surface was improved by 50%, and the coking cycle was extended by 20%.

[0035] Experiment 4: Ash removal and suppression on the economizer surface of a 600t / d municipal solid waste incinerator. Physical air blowing was used to remove the ash layer from the economizer surface. Laser parameters: line laser, power 1000W, wavelength 1064nm, pulse repetition frequency 50kHz, laser irradiation duration 120ns, pulse energy 0.02mJ, repetitions 2 times, scanning speed 30mm / s, irradiation distance 300mm. The ash removal efficiency was 90%, and the corrosion resistance of the economizer surface was improved by 50%.

[0036] In summary, this utility model's device for surface descaling and descaling in a municipal solid waste incinerator utilizes a high-energy laser beam transmitted via fiber optic cable 2 to a handheld optical focuser 3. The high-temperature ablation effect of the laser precisely targets the descaling area of ​​the incinerator, achieving non-contact descaling. The scanning galvanometer 34 can quickly adjust the laser path to expand the processing range, while the reflector 37 and focusing lens 35 work together to ensure precise beam focusing, effectively decomposing coke and suppressing secondary descaling. The handheld design allows for flexible operation to adapt to complex furnace structures, enabling real-time online processing to reduce downtime and avoid physical damage to the furnace chamber caused by traditional mechanical descaling. Simultaneously, the high-temperature melting process forms a dense layer on the furnace wall, reducing subsequent coke adhesion. This device combines efficient descaling with long-term descaling, improving the incinerator's operational stability and safety, and reducing maintenance costs and environmental risks. Therefore, this utility model effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of existing technologies and possesses high industrial application value.

[0037] It is understood that those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model, and all such substitutions or changes should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for cleaning and suppressing charring on the surface of a municipal solid waste incinerator, characterized in that, The optical focuser includes a main body, an optical fiber, and a handheld optical focuser. The optical focuser includes a handheld handle, a housing, a laser emitter, a scanning galvanometer, a focusing lens, a laser irradiation port, and a reflector. The handheld handle is fixed to the bottom of the housing. The laser emitter, scanning galvanometer, and focusing lens are all located within the inner cavity of the housing. The laser irradiation port is provided on the side wall of the housing. The laser emitter is connected to the main body via the optical fiber. The scanning galvanometer is located between the laser emitter and the focusing lens. The laser emitter is also provided between the scanning galvanometer and the laser emitter, as well as between the laser irradiation port and the focuser.

2. The device for surface descaling and scorching of a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a laser generator located within the main body for generating a high-energy laser beam; the laser generator is connected to an optical focuser via an optical fiber.

3. The device for surface descaling and scorching of a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main unit is equipped with a control module for real-time adjustment of laser power and control of the movement trajectory of the laser focusing head; the control module is connected to the optical focuser and the laser generator respectively.

4. The device for surface descaling and scorching of a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The laser generator is a fiber laser or a carbon dioxide laser with a wavelength range of 1064nm, 355nm or 10600nm and an adjustable power range of 50W to 3000W.

5. The device for surface descaling and scorching of a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The control module includes a touch panel for adjusting the power and wavelength of the laser generator, and the touch panel is located on the front side of the main body.

6. The device for surface descaling and scorching suppression of a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a heat sink, which is disposed in the main body near the laser generator.

7. The device for surface descaling and scorching suppression of a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes movable rollers, which are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the main body.

8. The device for surface descaling and scorching suppression of a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power supply module for powering the main body, which is located near a corner of the main body.

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