Industrial hydrogen energy fuel cell heat recovery device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an industrial hydrogen energy fuel cell heat energy recovery device contains fixed base, high temperature and low medium temperature recovery unit, absorption type heat pump and control device, and high temperature recovery unit adopts nickel base alloy shell and tube heat exchanger and nanometer coating, and high -efficient recovery tail gas heat energy, and the spiral pipe of low medium temperature recovery unit combines aluminum fin and stainless steel material, and is equipped with automatic exhaust valve, and absorption type heat pump is equipped with high accuracy sensor, and the connecting end seat adopts double seal joint, and the control device is based on PLC and PID algorithm intelligent regulation and control. The device realizes heat energy gradient recovery and cascade utilization, and the comprehensive energy efficiency ratio reaches 1.8 or more, solves the low energy efficiency of traditional device, the problem of easy corrosion and the like, and is suitable for industrial scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen energy utilization technology, specifically to an industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cells generate a large amount of waste heat during power generation (accounting for about 40%-60% of the input energy). Traditional recovery methods only utilize heat energy in a single temperature range and have problems such as system complexity, low energy efficiency, and severe corrosion.

[0003] Existing industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery devices typically only recover heat energy within a single temperature range, such as recovering only the waste heat from high-temperature exhaust gas or medium- and low-temperature coolant. They cannot simultaneously and efficiently utilize heat energy from different temperature gradients, resulting in a system overall energy efficiency ratio of less than 1.2. The high-temperature exhaust gas emitted by hydrogen fuel cells contains hydrogen, water vapor, and small amounts of sulfides. Traditional heat exchangers, made of carbon steel or ordinary stainless steel, are prone to hydrogen embrittlement and sulfide corrosion, with a service life typically less than 5 years. This necessitates frequent component replacements and high maintenance costs. Existing devices lack real-time monitoring and dynamic control capabilities, and cannot automatically adjust the heat recovery strategy according to changes in fuel cell load, leading to a significant decrease in recovery efficiency under partial load conditions.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design an industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device to solve the problems mentioned above. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] An industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device includes a first fixed base and a second fixed base. A high-temperature recovery unit is fixedly installed on the top of the first fixed base. A second recovery connection pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the high-temperature recovery unit. An absorption heat pump is fixedly connected to the side of the second recovery connection pipe away from the high-temperature recovery unit. The other end of the absorption heat pump is fixedly connected to the first recovery connection pipe. A recovery connection end seat is fixedly provided on the side of the first recovery connection pipe away from the absorption heat pump. A third recovery connection pipe is connected to the other side of the high-temperature recovery unit. A low-to-medium temperature recovery unit is fixedly connected to the top of the second fixed base. A control device is fixedly installed at the front end of the first and second fixed bases.

[0008] The high-temperature recovery unit is fixedly equipped with a top cover, and the top of the top cover is provided with a high-temperature recovery output port for fixed connection. The high-temperature recovery unit is equipped with a shell and tube heat exchanger inside, and a high-temperature recovery input port is also provided on the outside of the high-temperature recovery unit for fixed connection with a second recovery connection pipe.

[0009] The low- and medium-temperature recovery unit includes a low- and medium-temperature recovery inlet fixedly connected to the outer end of one side and the other side of the third recovery connecting pipe. An exhaust port is also provided on the lower side of the other side of the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit. A mounting bracket fixedly connected to the top of the second fixed seat is fixedly provided at the bottom of the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit. A spiral coil is provided inside the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit. A side end cover is fixedly installed at the axial outer end of the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the high-temperature recovery unit is made of nickel-based alloy material, and its inner wall is provided with a nano-level titanium dioxide anti-scaling coating. The coating thickness is 50μm-100μm, which can withstand high temperature of 800℃ and effectively prevent scaling.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the absorption heat pump is equipped with a built-in PT100 intelligent temperature sensor. The temperature measurement accuracy of the sensor is ±0.5℃, and the response time is less than 0.3 seconds. It can monitor the internal temperature of the heat pump in real time and feed the data back to the control device to achieve precise temperature control.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the recycling connection end seat is provided with a DN50 quick connection connector. The connector adopts a double sealing ring structure, with the inner sealing ring being perfluoroether rubber and the outer layer being EPDM rubber. It is leak-free under a pressure of 2.5MPa and can achieve a quick and sealed connection with a hydrogen fuel cell.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the spiral coil of the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit adopts an aluminum finned tube structure with a fin height of 12mm, a fin spacing of 5mm, and a fin-to-coupling ratio of 15:1.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the spiral coil of the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit has an outer diameter of φ25mm, a wall thickness of 2.5mm, is made of 316L stainless steel, and the internal circulating medium is an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a pilot-operated automatic exhaust valve is installed at the exhaust port. The opening pressure of the automatic exhaust valve is 35 kPa and the closing pressure is 25 kPa, which can automatically discharge non-condensable gases in the low and medium temperature recovery unit to ensure system efficiency.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the control device adopts a Siemens S7-1200 PLC controller with a built-in PID control algorithm and a sampling period of 10ms. It can dynamically adjust the energy distribution ratio of the high-temperature recovery unit and the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit according to the fuel cell load.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] This invention, through the design of an industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device, achieves the following effects: 1. By recovering heat energy from different temperature ranges through high-temperature and low-to-medium-temperature recovery units, and cooperating with an absorption heat pump to achieve cascade utilization of heat energy, the overall system efficiency ratio can reach over 1.8, which is more than 50% higher than traditional devices; 2. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger is made of nickel-based alloy and coated with a nano-level titanium dioxide coating, while the spiral coil of the low-to-medium-temperature recovery unit is made of 316L stainless steel, significantly extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance costs; 3. The control device uses a Siemens PLC controller and PID algorithm, which can dynamically adjust the energy distribution ratio of each recovery unit according to the fuel cell load, ensuring efficient operation under different working conditions; 4. The spiral coil of the low-to-medium-temperature recovery unit uses aluminum finned tubes with a high finning ratio, effectively recovering low-temperature waste heat from the coolant, converting the originally wasted heat energy into usable energy, and improving the system's energy utilization rate; 5. The absorption heat pump's built-in high-precision intelligent temperature sensor enables precise control of the heat pump temperature, optimizing heat pump performance and improving the quality of heat energy recovery. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the high-temperature recovery unit of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. First fixed base; 2. Second fixed base; 3. High-temperature recovery unit; 4. Second recovery connecting pipe; 5. Absorption heat pump; 6. First recovery connecting pipe; 7. Recovery connecting end seat; 8. Third recovery connecting pipe; 9. Low and medium temperature recovery unit; 10. Control device; 31. Top cover; 32. High-temperature recovery output port; 33. Shell and tube heat exchanger; 34. High-temperature recovery input port; 91. Low and medium temperature recovery input port; 92. Exhaust port; 93. Mounting bracket; 94. Spiral coil; 95. Side end cover. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of this utility model are provided. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this utility model will be more thorough and complete.

[0025] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] For examples, please refer to Figure 1-3 This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0028] An industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device includes a first fixed base 1 and a second fixed base 2. A high-temperature recovery unit 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the first fixed base 1. A second recovery connecting pipe 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the high-temperature recovery unit 3. An absorption heat pump 5 is fixedly connected to the side of the second recovery connecting pipe 4 away from the high-temperature recovery unit 3. A first recovery connecting pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the other end of the absorption heat pump 5. A recovery connecting end seat 7 is fixedly provided on the side of the first recovery connecting pipe 6 away from the absorption heat pump 5. A third recovery connecting pipe 8 is connected to the other side of the high-temperature recovery unit 3. A low-temperature recovery unit 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the second fixed base 2. A control device 10 is fixedly installed at the front end of the intermediate temperature recovery unit 9, the first fixed base 1, and the second fixed base 2. The first fixed base 1 and the second fixed base 2 are fixed to the installation foundation. The high temperature recovery unit 3 is installed on the top of the first fixed base 1, and the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit 9 is installed on the top of the second fixed base 2. The control device 10 is installed at the front end. The high temperature recovery unit 3 is connected to the absorption heat pump 5 through the second recovery connecting pipe 4, and the absorption heat pump 5 is connected to the recovery connecting end seat 7 through the first recovery connecting pipe 6, so as to realize the docking with the hydrogen fuel cell. At the same time, the high temperature recovery unit 3 and the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit 9 are connected by the third recovery connecting pipe 8.

[0029] Specifically, a top cover 31 is fixedly installed on the top of the high-temperature recovery unit 3, and a high-temperature recovery output port 32 is provided on the top of the top cover 31 for fixed connection. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger 33 is installed inside the high-temperature recovery unit 3, and a high-temperature recovery input port 34 is also provided on the outside of the high-temperature recovery unit 3 for fixed connection with the second recovery connecting pipe 4. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger 33 of the high-temperature recovery unit 3 is made of nickel-based alloy material, and its inner wall is provided with a nano-level titanium dioxide anti-scaling coating with a coating thickness of 50μm-100μm, which can withstand high temperature of 800℃ and effectively prevent scale formation. The high-temperature exhaust gas of the hydrogen fuel cell enters the high-temperature recovery unit 3 from the high-temperature recovery input port 34, undergoes heat exchange through the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 33, and the heat is transferred to the heat exchange medium before being discharged from the high-temperature recovery output port 32. The heat exchanger 33 is made of nickel-based alloy and nano-titanium dioxide coating, which can withstand high temperature of 800℃ and prevents scale formation, reducing the frequency of cleaning and maintenance.

[0030] Specifically, the absorption heat pump 5 is equipped with a built-in PT100 intelligent temperature sensor. The sensor has a temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.5℃ and a response time of less than 0.3 seconds. It can monitor the internal temperature of the heat pump in real time and feed the data back to the control device 10 to achieve precise temperature control. The absorption heat pump 5 monitors the internal temperature in real time through the PT100 intelligent temperature sensor with an accuracy of ±0.5℃ and a response time of <0.3 seconds. The sensor feeds the data back to the control device 10, and the heat pump operating parameters are adjusted through a PID algorithm to achieve precise temperature control. This ensures the stability of heat energy recovery and utilization and avoids overheating or efficiency loss.

[0031] Specifically, the recycling connection end cap 7 is equipped with a DN50 quick-connect connector. The connector adopts a double sealing ring structure, with the inner sealing ring being perfluoroether rubber and the outer layer being EPDM rubber. It is leak-free under 2.5MPa pressure, enabling a quick and sealed connection with the hydrogen fuel cell. Through the DN50 quick-connect connector of the recycling connection end cap 7, using a double sealing ring (inner layer of perfluoroether rubber + outer layer of EPDM rubber), a quick and sealed connection with the fuel cell is achieved under 2.5MPa pressure. The connection time is reduced by 60%, and the zero-leakage design improves system safety, making it suitable for high-pressure and high-temperature operating conditions.

[0032] Specifically, the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit 9 includes a low-to-medium temperature recovery inlet 91 fixedly connected to the outer end of one side and the other side of the third recovery connecting pipe 8. An exhaust port 92 is also provided on the lower side of the other side of the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit 9. A mounting bracket 93 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit 9 and fixedly connected to the top of the second fixed base 2. A spiral coil 94 is installed inside the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit 9. A side end cover 95 is fixedly installed at the axial outer end of the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit 9. The spiral coil 94 of the medium temperature recovery unit 9 adopts an aluminum finned tube structure with a fin height of 12mm, a fin spacing of 5mm, and a fin ratio of 15:1. The outer diameter of the spiral coil 94 of the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit 9 is φ. The coil is 25mm in diameter and 2.5mm in wall thickness, made of 316L stainless steel, with an internal ethylene glycol aqueous solution as the circulating medium. Low- and medium-temperature heat sources (such as coolant) enter through the low- and medium-temperature recovery inlet 91, and after enhanced heat exchange via aluminum finned tubes (fin height 12mm, spacing 5mm, fin ratio 15:1), non-condensable gases are discharged through the pilot-operated automatic exhaust valve (opening pressure 35kPa, closing pressure 25kPa) at the exhaust port 92. The spiral coil 94 is made of 316L stainless steel, with a diameter of φ25mm and a wall thickness of 2.5mm, and an internal ethylene glycol aqueous solution for efficient heat conduction. The low- and medium-temperature heat recovery rate is increased to 85%, automatic exhaust ensures stable heat exchange efficiency, and the corrosion-resistant design extends service life.

[0033] Among them, a pilot-operated automatic exhaust valve is installed at the gas port 92. The opening pressure of the automatic exhaust valve is 35 kPa and the closing pressure is 25 kPa. It can automatically discharge non-condensable gases in the low and medium temperature recovery unit 9 to ensure system efficiency.

[0034] Specifically, the control device 10 uses a Siemens S7-1200 PLC controller with a built-in PID control algorithm and a sampling period of 10ms. It can dynamically adjust the energy distribution ratio of the high-temperature recovery unit 3 and the low-to-medium-temperature recovery unit 9 according to the fuel cell load. The control device 10 uses a Siemens S7-1200 PLC with a sampling period of 10ms to monitor the fuel cell load in real time. It dynamically adjusts the energy distribution ratio of the high-temperature recovery unit 3 and the low-to-medium-temperature recovery unit 9 through the PID algorithm to optimize the overall energy efficiency. The system adapts to different operating conditions, improves the efficiency of partial load by 30%, and achieves a comprehensive energy efficiency ratio of over 1.8.

[0035] The working process of this utility model is as follows: When using this industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device, firstly, connect the recovery connection terminal 7 to the exhaust port of the hydrogen fuel cell production equipment, and achieve rapid sealing through double sealing rings. Then, start the control device 10, and the system self-checks the status of each unit's sensors and valves. The high-temperature exhaust gas enters the high-temperature recovery unit 3 from the high-temperature recovery inlet 34 through the absorption heat pump 9. The absorption heat pump 9 utilizes the heat from the high-temperature section to raise part of the low-temperature waste heat to above 90°C to meet high-grade heat demand. After heat exchange in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 33, the heat is transferred to the medium. The exhaust gas is discharged from the high-temperature recovery outlet 32. Then, the low- and medium-temperature heat source enters the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit 9 from the low- and medium-temperature recovery inlet 91. After heat exchange in the spiral coil 94, the non-condensable gas is discharged from the automatic exhaust valve of the exhaust port 92. The heat source after heat exchange is output from the unit. The control device 10 adjusts the energy distribution between the high-temperature recovery unit 3 and the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit 9 according to the fuel cell load through Siemens S7-1200 PLC and PID algorithm to optimize the system energy efficiency.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device, comprising a first fixed base (1) and a second fixed base (2), characterized in that: A high-temperature recovery unit (3) is fixedly installed on the top of the first fixed base (1). A second recovery connection pipe (4) is fixedly connected to one side of the high-temperature recovery unit (3). An absorption heat pump (5) is fixedly connected to the side of the second recovery connection pipe (4) away from the high-temperature recovery unit (3). A first recovery connection pipe (6) is fixedly connected to the other end of the absorption heat pump (5). A recovery connection end seat (7) is fixedly provided on the side of the first recovery connection pipe (6) away from the absorption heat pump (5). A third recovery connection pipe (8) is connected to the other side of the high-temperature recovery unit (3). A low-to-medium temperature recovery unit (9) is fixedly connected to the top of the second fixed base (2). A control device (10) is fixedly installed at the front end of the first fixed base (1) and the second fixed base (2). The top of the high temperature recovery unit (3) is fixedly installed with a top cover (31), and the top of the top cover (31) is provided with a high temperature recovery output port (32) for fixed connection. The shell and tube heat exchanger (33) is installed inside the high temperature recovery unit (3), and the outside of the high temperature recovery unit (3) is also provided with a high temperature recovery input port (34) fixedly connected to the second recovery connection pipe (4). The low- and medium-temperature recovery unit (9) includes a low- and medium-temperature recovery inlet (91) fixedly connected to the outer end of one side and the other side of the third recovery connecting pipe (8). An exhaust port (92) is also provided on the lower side of the other side of the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit (9). A mounting bracket (93) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit (9) and fixedly connected to the top of the second fixed seat (2). A spiral coil (94) is provided inside the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit (9). A side end cover (95) is fixedly installed at the outer axial end of the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit (9).

2. The industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell-and-tube heat exchanger (33) of the high-temperature recovery unit (3) is made of nickel-based alloy material, and its inner wall is provided with a nano-level titanium dioxide anti-scaling coating. The coating thickness is 50μm-100μm, which can withstand high temperature of 800℃ and effectively prevent scaling.

3. The industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absorption heat pump (5) is equipped with a PT100 intelligent temperature sensor. The temperature measurement accuracy of the sensor is ±0.5℃ and the response time is less than 0.3 seconds. It can monitor the internal temperature of the heat pump in real time and feed the data back to the control device (10) to achieve precise temperature control.

4. The industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The recycling connection end (7) is equipped with a DN50 quick connection connector. The connector adopts a double sealing ring structure, with the inner sealing ring being perfluoroether rubber and the outer layer being EPDM rubber. It has no leakage under a pressure of 2.5MPa and can achieve a quick and sealed connection with a hydrogen fuel cell.

5. The industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral coil (94) of the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit (9) adopts an aluminum finned tube structure with a fin height of 12mm, a fin spacing of 5mm, and a fin ratio of 15:

1.

6. The industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral coil (94) of the low-to-medium temperature recovery unit (9) has an outer diameter of φ25mm, a wall thickness of 2.5mm, is made of 316L stainless steel, and the internal circulating medium is an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol.

7. The industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pilot-operated automatic exhaust valve is installed at the exhaust port (92). The opening pressure of the automatic exhaust valve is 35 kPa and the closing pressure is 25 kPa. It can automatically discharge non-condensable gases in the low and medium temperature recovery unit (9) to ensure system efficiency.

8. The industrial hydrogen fuel cell heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control device (10) adopts a Siemens S7-1200 PLC controller with a built-in PID control algorithm and a sampling period of 10ms. It can dynamically adjust the energy distribution ratio of the high-temperature recovery unit (3) and the low- and medium-temperature recovery unit (9) according to the fuel cell load.

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