Explosion-proof fork truck
By integrating explosion-proof navigation sensors, obstacle avoidance sensors, and lithium battery power devices into the forklift, the safety hazards of forklifts in explosive environments are solved, realizing a high-safety and long-range explosion-proof forklift suitable for various hazardous industries.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HENGYANG HELI INDAL VEHICLE
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
Existing forklifts pose a safety hazard in flammable and explosive environments, as electrical sparks or high-temperature components could cause explosions. Furthermore, traditional modification measures cannot meet the safety protection and navigation requirements of intelligent material handling equipment.
It adopts explosion-proof navigation sensors and explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors to improve the safety factor, and is equipped with explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device and charging brush block to achieve long range. The whole vehicle has a simple structure and high explosion-proof level, and is suitable for IIB and IIIC level gas-powder composite explosion-proof environments.
It achieves a high safety factor, long range and fast charging for explosion-proof forklifts, and is suitable for hazardous environments in industries such as petroleum, chemical and pharmaceutical. The vehicle protection level is IP65, which reduces the risk of collision and the probability of misoperation.
Smart Images
Figure CN224362487U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of forklift technology, and in particular to an explosion-proof forklift. Background Technology
[0002] In high-risk industries such as petrochemicals, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and fireworks, material handling environments are often filled with flammable and explosive gases, vapors, or dust. Electric sparks or high-temperature components generated by ordinary forklifts during operation can easily trigger explosions, seriously threatening personnel safety and company property. Explosion-proof automated guided forklifts (AGTs) are a typical example of AGTs, highly versatile, accurately identifying the surrounding environment of explosive gases and dust, and enabling automated transfer operations between two points.
[0003] Traditional forklifts primarily use diesel or gasoline engines as their power source. The high-temperature exhaust gases produced by engine combustion and the sparks from electrical system contacts pose significant safety hazards in hazardous environments. Even though some electric forklifts reduce exhaust emissions, the electric arcs generated by the motor commutator and the electromagnetic interference from the controller still fail to meet explosion-proof requirements. Early attempts involved simple modifications to ordinary forklifts, such as adding tempered glass protective covers. However, the refractive index of these covers is only 1-1.5, and the light transmittance is only 80%, resulting in a significant decrease in the obstacle recognition accuracy of explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors, failing to meet the safety protection and navigation requirements of intelligent material handling equipment. Using special lead-acid batteries to power the entire vehicle results in poor range and long charging times. Using explosion-proof DC motors for both the steering motor and pump motor leads to poor control precision.
[0004] In conclusion, as the industry's requirements for safety and efficiency continue to increase, developing more efficient, economical, and reliable explosion-proof forklifts is an important direction for development. Utility Model Content
[0005] This utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this utility model provides an explosion-proof forklift, which improves the overall safety factor of the vehicle through explosion-proof navigation sensors and explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors. The vehicle has a simple structure, a high explosion-proof rating, and is suitable for IIB and IIIC level gas-powder composite explosion-proof environments. Ordinary explosion-proof forklifts on the market only have a IIIB explosion-proof rating; therefore, the explosion-proof rating of this forklift is far higher than that of ordinary explosion-proof forklifts on the market. Furthermore, this explosion-proof forklift has strong versatility and is suitable for industries such as petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical, brewing, or food processing, as well as other hazardous storage workshops or warehouses. By equipping it with an explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device and charging brush blocks, the explosion-proof forklift achieves high endurance and fast charging capabilities. The overall protection rating of this explosion-proof forklift is IP65, and the multiple modules together constitute the vehicle's safety protection system, ensuring safe operation.
[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides an explosion-proof forklift, comprising a frame, a support frame longitudinally arranged on one side of the frame, and forks transversely perpendicular to one side of the frame; wherein...
[0007] The vehicle frame is equipped with an explosion-proof control box, and an explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device is installed on the upper end of the explosion-proof control box. An explosion-proof motor is installed at the front end of the explosion-proof control box. Explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors are installed on both sides of the lower end of the vehicle frame, and a charging brush block is installed in the middle. The charging brush block is electrically connected to the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device. The explosion-proof control box is electrically connected to both the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device and the explosion-proof motor.
[0008] The support frame is equipped with an explosion-proof navigation sensor, an explosion-proof control box two, and an explosion-proof pull-wire encoder in sequence from top to bottom; the explosion-proof control box two is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box one, the explosion-proof navigation sensor, the explosion-proof pull-wire encoder, and the explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor respectively;
[0009] The forks are mounted on the support frame via a gantry lifting device; the gantry lifting device is electrically connected to an explosion-proof motor.
[0010] An explosion-proof forklift according to an embodiment of this utility model has at least the following technical effects: This explosion-proof forklift improves the overall safety factor of the vehicle through explosion-proof navigation sensors and explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors. Furthermore, the vehicle has a simple structure and a high explosion-proof rating, suitable for IIB and IIIC level gas-powder composite explosion-proof environments. Ordinary explosion-proof forklifts on the market have an explosion-proof rating of only IIIB, therefore the explosion-proof rating of this forklift is far higher than that of ordinary explosion-proof forklifts on the market. Moreover, this explosion-proof forklift has strong versatility and is suitable for industries such as petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical, brewing, or food processing, as well as other hazardous storage workshops or warehouses. This explosion-proof forklift is equipped with an explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device and charging brush blocks, achieving high endurance and fast charging functions. The overall protection rating of this explosion-proof forklift is IP65, and the multi-module device constitutes the vehicle's safety protection system, ensuring safe operation of the entire vehicle.
[0011] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the explosion-proof navigation sensor adopts both increased safety and non-sparking types; the explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor adopts both increased safety and non-sparking types. The increased safety and non-sparking types of explosion-proof navigation and obstacle avoidance sensors enable autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance for the explosion-proof forklift, achieving high positioning accuracy, strong safety protection, and a high explosion-proof rating.
[0012] According to some embodiments of this utility model, an explosion-proof tri-color light is also provided at the upper end of the support frame; explosion-proof marker lights are provided on both sides and in the middle of the upper end of the support frame. The explosion-proof tri-color light and the explosion-proof marker lights coordinate with the operating status and safety of the explosion-proof forklift, effectively improving the visibility and safety of the explosion-proof forklift in complex operating environments, and reducing the risk of collisions and the probability of misoperation.
[0013] According to some embodiments of this utility model, an explosion-proof safety edge is provided at the bottom edge of the frame to prevent damage to the explosion-proof forklift due to collision.
[0014] According to some embodiments of this utility model, an explosion-proof fork tip sensor is provided at the tip of the fork, and the explosion-proof fork tip sensor is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box. The explosion-proof fork tip sensor improves the ease of operation and safety of this explosion-proof forklift.
[0015] According to some embodiments of this utility model, an explosion-proof wired remote control device is also installed on the upper end of the explosion-proof control box, and the explosion-proof wired remote control device is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box. Remote control is achieved through the explosion-proof wired remote control device, preventing operators from entering the operation site and improving the personal safety of the operators.
[0016] According to some embodiments of this utility model, a heat-insulating buffer layer is provided between the explosion-proof control box and the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device, and a sealing ring is provided on the connection surface between the explosion-proof control box and the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device. The heat-insulating buffer layer and the sealing ring improve the safety of this explosion-proof forklift.
[0017] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the gantry lifting device includes a hydraulic system, which comprises an explosion-proof hydraulic pump, a reversing valve, and a hydraulic cylinder. The explosion-proof hydraulic pump is connected to the inlet of the reversing valve via a pipeline, and the outlet of the reversing valve is connected to the rod-side and rodless-side interfaces of the hydraulic cylinder via two independent high-pressure pipelines. An explosion-proof pressure sensor is installed in the hydraulic system and is electrically connected to an explosion-proof control box. The lifting or lowering of the forks is precisely controlled by the hydraulic system.
[0018] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the explosion-proof motor comprises an explosion-proof AC traction motor, an explosion-proof AC asynchronous lifting motor, and an explosion-proof servo steering motor. These three motors are arranged in a triangular configuration and installed in an explosion-proof control box. A drive axle assembly is located at the bottom of the chassis, and the explosion-proof AC traction motor is connected to the drive axle differential in the drive axle assembly. The explosion-proof AC asynchronous lifting motor is connected to an explosion-proof hydraulic pump via a flexible coupling. A steering tie rod is located at the bottom of the chassis, and the explosion-proof servo steering motor is connected to the steering tie rod. The use of the explosion-proof AC traction motor, explosion-proof AC asynchronous lifting motor, and explosion-proof servo steering motor provides more precise control of the vehicle's movement and lifting, resulting in high control accuracy.
[0019] According to some embodiments of this utility model, an explosion-proof emergency stop button is installed on the explosion-proof control box, and the explosion-proof emergency stop button is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box. The explosion-proof emergency stop button allows operators to quickly access it in an emergency, reliably achieving the emergency stop function and providing effective protection for equipment and personnel safety.
[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this drawing or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this drawing. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an explosion-proof forklift according to the present invention;
[0023] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0024] 100. Chassis; 101. Explosion-proof control box 1; 102. Explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device; 103. Explosion-proof motor; 104. Explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor; 105. Charging brush block; 106. Explosion-proof wired remote control device; 107. Explosion-proof safety contact edge;
[0025] 101, 200, Support frame; 201, Explosion-proof navigation sensor; 202, Explosion-proof control box II; 203, Explosion-proof pull-wire encoder; 204, Gantry lifting device; 205, Explosion-proof tri-color light; 206, Explosion-proof marker light; 207, Explosion-proof emergency stop button;
[0026] 102, 300, Fork; 301, Explosion-proof fork tip sensor.
[0027] The purpose, features, and advantages of this accompanying drawing will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawing. Detailed Implementation
[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be described and explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided by this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0029] Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can apply this utility model to other similar scenarios without any creative effort. Furthermore, it is understood that although the efforts made in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this utility model, any changes to the design, manufacturing, or production methods based on the disclosed technical content are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as insufficient disclosure of this utility model.
[0030] However, there may be instances where unnecessary detailed descriptions are omitted. For example, detailed descriptions of well-known matters or repetitive descriptions of essentially the same structures may be omitted. This is to avoid making the following description unnecessarily lengthy and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings and the following description are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand this utility model and are not intended to limit the subject matter of the claims.
[0031] The terms "connection," "linked," and "coupled" used in this utility model are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Multiple" or "several" in this utility model refers to two or more. The character " / " generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following objects. The terms "first," "second," and "third" used in this utility model are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order of objects.
[0032] See Figure 1As shown, this utility model discloses an explosion-proof forklift, including a frame 100, a support frame 200 longitudinally arranged on one side of the frame 100, and forks 300 transversely perpendicular to one side of the frame 100. An explosion-proof control box 101 is mounted on the frame 100, and an explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102 is installed on the upper end of the explosion-proof control box 101. An explosion-proof motor 103 is installed at the front end of the explosion-proof control box 101. Explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors 104 are installed on both sides of the lower end of the frame 100, and a charging brush block 105 is installed in the middle. The charging brush block 105 and the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102 are connected. Electrical connections are made; the explosion-proof control box 101 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply 102 and the explosion-proof motor 103 respectively; the support frame 200 is equipped with the explosion-proof navigation sensor 201, the explosion-proof control box 202 and the explosion-proof wire encoder 203 from top to bottom; the explosion-proof control box 202 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box 101, the explosion-proof navigation sensor 201, the explosion-proof wire encoder 203 and the explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104 respectively; the fork 300 is mounted on the support frame 200 through the mast lifting device 204; the mast lifting device 204 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof motor 103.
[0033] In this embodiment, a drive axle assembly and a steering tie rod are provided at the bottom of the frame 100. The drive axle assembly is located in the middle and rear part of the frame 100 (on the side away from the fork 300). A drive axle differential is arranged inside the drive axle assembly and is fixed to the housing of the drive axle assembly by bolts. The drive axle differential is connected to the explosion-proof motor 103 through a transmission system. The steering mechanism is located at the front of the frame 100 (on the side close to the fork 300). The steering mechanism includes a steering tie rod. One end of the steering tie rod is connected to the explosion-proof motor 103 through a high-precision planetary gear reducer, and the other end is connected to the steering wheel located at the bottom of the frame 100.
[0034] An explosion-proof control box 101 is installed on the frame 100. The explosion-proof control box 101 is welded from Q235B steel plate, with external dimensions of 600mm×400mm×300mm, wall thickness of 3mm-5mm, and surface coated with 0.3mm-0.5mm thick antistatic and explosion-proof paint. All mating surfaces of the explosion-proof control box 101 adopt a stop-type structure, with a mating surface width ≥15mm, gap ≤0.1mm, and surface roughness Ra≤6.3μm. All fasteners are M8×30 stainless steel hexagonal head bolts, with no fewer than 6 bolts on each side. The cable entry device of the explosion-proof control box 101 uses a G1 / 2" explosion-proof sealed connector, internally filled with epoxy resin sealant, capable of withstanding an explosion pressure of 1MPa without damage. The gap between the outer diameter of the cable entering the cable entry device and the inner diameter of the explosion-proof sealed connector on the cable entry device is ≤1mm to ensure explosion-proof performance. The protection rating of the explosion-proof control box 101 is IP66. The explosion-proof control box mainly houses a motor controller, fuses, and contactors. The motor controller is electrically connected to the explosion-proof motor 103 via a circular connector. The output frequency range is 0-200Hz, and the overload capacity is 150% / 60s. The fuse uses an explosion-proof fuse element with a fusing time ≤10ms. It is used to protect the circuit. When the circuit current exceeds 300% of the fuse's rated current, the fuse will blow within 10ms, cutting off the circuit. The contactor is used to prevent the surge current at the moment of power-on from impacting the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply 102. When the current exceeds the set value and the duration reaches the set value, the relay is triggered to cut off the control power supply. Specifically, the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply 102 is electrically connected to the fuse, the fuse is electrically connected to the contactor, and the contactor is electrically connected to the motor controller through a resistor.
[0035] Furthermore, an explosion-proof motor 103 is installed on the rear side of the explosion-proof control box 101. Specifically, the explosion-proof motor 103 is fixedly placed on the upper surface of the frame 100. An explosion-proof safety contact edge 107 is installed on the lower rear edge of the frame 100. The explosion-proof safety contact edge 107 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box 202. If an object collides with the explosion-proof safety contact edge 107 during the operation of the explosion-proof forklift, the explosion-proof forklift will stop immediately. The explosion-proof safety contact edge 107 adopts a segmented structure, consisting of 5 independent contact edges, each with a length of 200mm-300mm, and a total length of 1000mm-1500mm. The outer shell of the explosion-proof safety contact edge 107 is made of... Made of TPU elastomer material with a Shore hardness of A75 and an aging resistance life of ≥10 years, the explosion-proof safety contact 107 has two sets of parallel conductive rubber strips with a spacing of 6mm-9mm inside. Each contact is connected to the explosion-proof control box 202 via an independent four-core shielded cable 2. The outer diameter of the four-core shielded cable 2 is φ8mm, and the shielding layer coverage is ≥90%. The explosion-proof control box 202 is equipped with a signal processing circuit. The signal processing circuit adopts a "two out of three" voting mechanism to ensure triggering reliability.
[0036] In addition, explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors 104 are installed on both sides of the lower end of the frame 100. The explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors 104 on both sides adopt a fusion scheme of lidar and ultrasonic waves, with a detection range of 0.3m-15m and an angular resolution of 0.25°. In addition, an explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104 is installed in the middle of the frame 100. The middle explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104 adopts millimeter-wave radar, with a detection range of 0.5m-30m, a speed measurement accuracy of ±0.1m / s, and the ability to penetrate fog, smoke, and dust. The three explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors 104 together form a three-dimensional protection area. The detection areas of the explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors 104 on both sides are distributed in a fan shape with a horizontal angle of 120° and a vertical angle of 15°, forming a side protection area. The detection area of the middle explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104 is distributed in a cone shape with a horizontal angle of 60° and a vertical angle of 20°, forming a front protection area. The overlap rate of the detection areas of the three explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors 104 is ≥30%, ensuring no blind spots. The explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104 is used to enable the explosion-proof forklift to autonomously avoid obstacles. All explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors 104 are electrically connected to the second explosion-proof control box 202. When an obstacle is detected within a set area, the explosion-proof forklift will immediately decelerate until it stops. Specifically, when any explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104 detects an obstacle at a distance of <3m, the second explosion-proof control box 202 triggers a deceleration command to the first explosion-proof control box 101, which in turn transmits it to the explosion-proof motor 103, causing the explosion-proof forklift to decelerate. When the obstacle distance is <1m, the second explosion-proof control box 202 triggers an emergency stop command to the first explosion-proof control box 101, which in turn transmits it to the explosion-proof motor 103, causing the explosion-proof forklift to stop. A charging brush block 105 is installed in the middle of the lower end of the frame 100. The charging brush block 105 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102 and is used to charge the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102. A stainless steel protective cover is installed on the outside of the charging brush block 105. The cover wall thickness is 2mm-5mm, and the protection level is IP67. The charging brush block 105 is also electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box 101. During the charging process, the explosion-proof control box 101 monitors the charging current and voltage in real time. When the current fluctuation exceeds ±10% or the voltage exceeds 56V, the charging circuit is automatically cut off. A temperature sensor is installed between the charging brush block 105 and the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102. When the temperature sensor detects a temperature exceeding 65℃, the forced cooling system is activated.
[0037] In addition, a support frame 200 is longitudinally installed on one side of the frame 100. The support frame 200 is a rectangular frame structure welded from Q345B high-strength steel, with a cross-sectional dimension of 200mm×150mm and a wall thickness of 6mm-8mm. The surface of the support frame 200 is hot-dip galvanized for corrosion protection, with a zinc coating thickness ≥80μm. The support frame 200 is used to fix and raise the fork 300. It is equipped with a double-layer guide rail, which is a linear rolling guide rail with an HGR20 slider and a load capacity of 1500kg, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the fork 300 raising and lowering process. From top to bottom, the support frame 200 is equipped with an explosion-proof navigation sensor 201, an explosion-proof control box 202, and an explosion-proof wire encoder 203. The explosion-proof control box 202 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box 101, the explosion-proof navigation sensor 201, the explosion-proof wire encoder 203, and the explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104. The explosion-proof navigation sensor 201 is used to achieve autonomous navigation of the explosion-proof forklift. The explosion-proof navigation sensor 201 is mounted on the top of the support frame 200 and fixed with four M10×50 high-strength bolts. Anti-loosening washers are installed at the bolt connection points to ensure that the explosion-proof navigation sensor 201 does not loosen under vibration. The explosion-proof control box 202 is located in the middle of the support frame 200. The explosion-proof control box 202 has a cuboid structure with dimensions of 400mm×300mm×200mm and is made of 304 stainless steel with a brushed surface. The interior of the explosion-proof control box 202 mainly includes a central processing unit, a navigation control device, a remote control receiver, and a safety barrier circuit board. All connection lines use differential signal transmission to enhance anti-interference capabilities. The remote control receiver is equipped with a wireless communication module, supporting anti-interference transmission. The remote control receiver is electrically connected to the explosion-proof navigation sensor 201, the explosion-proof pull-wire encoder 203, and the explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104 via shielded cables. The shielded cable has an outer tinned copper braided mesh shield, and an inner layer containing four signal lines and two power lines to ensure stable and reliable signal transmission. The navigation control device is based on an FPGA architecture, enabling multi-sensor data fusion processing. It is electrically connected to the explosion-proof navigation sensor 201 via a network cable, using an industrial Ethernet communication protocol with a data transmission rate of no less than 100Mbps. The explosion-proof pull-wire encoder 203 is mounted at the bottom of the support frame 200, and its housing is made of aluminum alloy with an IP65 protection rating. One end of the wire rope of the explosion-proof pull-wire encoder 203 is fixed to the crossbeam of the fork 300, and the other end is wound around the reel of the explosion-proof pull-wire encoder 203. The wire rope is made of 316L stainless steel, with a diameter of 1.2mm, a breaking tensile strength of ≥1000N, and a Teflon coating to reduce friction loss. When the fork 300 is raised, the wire rope stretches; when the fork 300 is lowered, the wire rope contracts, driving the reel inside the explosion-proof pull-wire encoder 203 to rotate, thereby outputting a precise height signal to the remote control receiver.Explosion-proof control enclosure 202 and explosion-proof control enclosure 101 communicate via redundant industrial Ethernet. The main link uses the Profinet protocol, and the backup link uses the Modbus TCP protocol. The data transmission rate of both links is no less than 100Mbps. When the main link is interrupted, the backup link automatically switches and resumes communication within 20ms to ensure reliable transmission of control commands and status data.
[0038] Furthermore, the fork 300 is mounted on the support frame 200 via the mast lifting device 204; the mast lifting device 204 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof motor 103. Specifically, the mast lifting device 204 includes an outer mast, an inner mast, guide wheels, guide rails, a chain, and a pulley block. The bottom of the outer mast is fixed to the mounting plate at the bottom front end of the support frame 200 by bolt two. Guide wheels are installed on both sides of the inner mast, and the guide wheels cooperate with the guide rails on the inner side of the outer mast, allowing the inner mast to slide smoothly up and down along the outer mast. The gap between the guide wheels and the guide rails is 1mm-2mm to avoid excessive gap causing mast wobbling or insufficient gap causing jamming. One end of the chain is fixed to the chain fixing seat at the top of the inner mast, and the other end passes through the pulley block and is connected to the explosion-proof motor 103. The fork 300 is fixed to the mast lifting device 204 by bolt three. Flat washers and spring washers are provided at the head of bolt three and below the nut to prevent bolt three from loosening.
[0039] The working principle of the explosion-proof forklift of this utility model is as follows:
[0040] The explosion-proof control box 202 analyzes and powers the data processed and calculated by the explosion-proof navigation sensor 201; receives and controls various feedback information and status displays of the safety system composed of the explosion-proof navigation sensor 201 and the explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104; receives the lifting height of the mast lifting device 204 from the explosion-proof cable encoder 203; receives feedback from the explosion-proof fork tip sensor 301 on whether there are obstacles in the direction of the fork tips; receives feedback from the explosion-proof control box 101 on the speed and temperature of the explosion-proof motor 103, and the power, current and voltage of the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102; and sends control commands to the explosion-proof control box 101. The explosion-proof control box 202 is the "brain" of the entire vehicle. Explosion-proof control box 101 is electrically connected to explosion-proof control box 202. After receiving the movement command from explosion-proof control box 202, explosion-proof control box 101 sends it to explosion-proof motor 103. Explosion-proof motor 103 controls the forward, backward, or turning movement of the explosion-proof forklift through mechanical transmission. At the same time, explosion-proof control box 101 receives power from explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102 and controls the overall power of the explosion-proof forklift. Explosion-proof control box 101 is the intermediate management layer of the explosion-proof forklift. The explosion-proof motor 103 controls the raising or lowering of the forks 300 via the gantry lifting device 204, and drives the wire rope of the explosion-proof cable encoder 203. The movement of the wire rope of the explosion-proof cable encoder 203 transmits feedback on the actual height of the gantry lifting device 204 to the second explosion-proof control box 202, thereby controlling the height of the forks 300. This feedback is then transmitted to the first explosion-proof control box 101, which controls the explosion-proof motor 103 to complete the lifting and lowering adjustment of the forks 300. The explosion-proof navigation sensor 201 and the explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104 are the main core components that emit laser beams and receive reflected signals. By measuring the time difference between the emission and reception of the laser beam and the propagation speed of the laser beam, the current position information is calculated. At the same time, the position information of obstacles is determined by the emission and reception angles of the laser beam.
[0041] This explosion-proof forklift has a simple structure and a high explosion-proof rating, suitable for IIB and IIIC level gas-powder composite explosion-proof environments. Ordinary forklifts on the market only have a IIIB explosion-proof rating, making this explosion-proof forklift far superior. Furthermore, this explosion-proof forklift is highly versatile and suitable for industries such as petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical, brewing, or food processing, as well as other hazardous storage workshops or warehouses. This explosion-proof forklift is equipped with an explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102 and charging brush blocks 105, enabling long-range operation and fast charging. The overall protection rating of this explosion-proof forklift is IP65, and multiple modules constitute the vehicle's safety protection system, ensuring safe operation.
[0042] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, the explosion-proof navigation sensor 201 is an increased safety type and a spark-free type explosion-proof navigation sensor 201; the explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104 is an increased safety type and a spark-free type explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104. By using the increased safety type and spark-free type explosion-proof navigation sensor 201 and explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor 104, the autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance of this explosion-proof forklift can be realized, which has the characteristics of high positioning accuracy and strong safety protection.
[0043] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, an explosion-proof tri-color light 205 is also provided on the upper end of the support frame 200. Specifically, different colors are displayed in different states of the explosion-proof forklift: a flashing red light in emergency stop state, a flashing yellow light in running state, and a flashing green light in waiting command state; thus improving the operational safety of this explosion-proof forklift.
[0044] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, explosion-proof marker lights 206 are provided on both sides and in the middle of the upper end of the support frame 200. Specifically, there are three explosion-proof marker lights 206, which are arranged sequentially on both sides and in the middle of the upper end of the support frame 200, mainly used to warn vehicles that there should be no obstacles within a certain distance.
[0045] Furthermore, the explosion-proof tri-color light 205 and the explosion-proof marker light 206 are coordinated with the operating status and safety of the explosion-proof forklift, effectively improving the visibility and safety of the explosion-proof forklift in complex working environments and reducing the risk of collision and the probability of misoperation.
[0046] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, an explosion-proof fork tip sensor 301 is provided at the tip of the fork 300, and the explosion-proof fork tip sensor 301 is electrically connected to the second explosion-proof control box 202. Specifically, the explosion-proof fork tip sensor 301 is used to detect whether there is an obstacle when the fork tip of the fork 300 picks up goods, stopping the movement of the explosion-proof forklift. When the explosion-proof fork tip sensor 301 detects an obstacle, it transmits the information to the second explosion-proof control box 202, which then transmits it to the first explosion-proof control box 101, which controls the explosion-proof motor 103 to brake.
[0047] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, an explosion-proof wired remote control device 106 is also installed on the upper end of the explosion-proof control box 101, and the explosion-proof wired remote control device 106 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box 202. Specifically, the explosion-proof control box 202 receives the operation commands transmitted by the explosion-proof wired remote control device 106. When the explosion-proof forklift is manually driven, the operation of the entire explosion-proof forklift is controlled by a joystick and buttons, improving the ease of operation.
[0048] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, a heat-insulating buffer layer is provided between the explosion-proof control box 101 and the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102, and a sealing ring is provided on the connection surface between the explosion-proof control box 101 and the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102. This prevents overheating of the explosion-proof control box 101 from affecting the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102, thereby improving the safety of this explosion-proof forklift. The sealing ring on the connection surface between the explosion-proof control box 101 and the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device 102 is used for sealing, ensuring the safety performance of the explosion-proof forklift.
[0049] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, the gantry lifting device 204 includes a hydraulic system, which includes an explosion-proof hydraulic pump, a reversing valve, and a hydraulic cylinder. The explosion-proof hydraulic pump is connected to the inlet of the reversing valve via a pipeline, and the outlet of the reversing valve is connected to the rod-side and rodless-side interfaces of the hydraulic cylinder via two independent high-pressure pipelines. An explosion-proof pressure sensor is installed in the hydraulic system and is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box 101. Specifically, the hydraulic system, as the core power unit, includes an explosion-proof hydraulic pump, a reversing valve, and a hydraulic cylinder. The explosion-proof hydraulic pump is connected to the explosion-proof motor 103 via a flexible coupling, which is used to absorb vibrations generated during operation and reduce mechanical noise. The bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a U-shaped support at the bottom of the support frame 200 via a hinge shaft. The U-shaped support is welded to the bottom of the support frame 200. After the hinge shaft passes through the hinge shaft hole at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder and the corresponding hole in the U-shaped support, both ends are axially fixed using axial elastic retaining rings. This allows the hydraulic cylinder to swing slightly during operation, effectively adapting to force changes during the operation of the gantry lifting device 204 and ensuring flexible movement. The piston rod head of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a chain fixing seat located inside the inner gantry via a thread. One end of the chain is fixed to the chain fixing seat, and the other end passes through the pulley block in the gantry lifting device 204 and is connected to the explosion-proof motor 103. When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends or retracts, it drives the chain fixing seat to move, thereby pulling the chain. Through the transmission of the pulley block, the fork 300 is raised or lowered. The hydraulic system precisely controls the raising or lowering of the fork 300.
[0050] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, the explosion-proof motor 103 consists of an explosion-proof AC traction motor, an explosion-proof AC asynchronous lifting motor, and an explosion-proof servo steering motor. These three motors are arranged in a triangular layout and installed in an explosion-proof control box 101. A drive axle device is located at the bottom of the frame 100, and the explosion-proof AC traction motor is connected to the drive axle differential in the drive axle device. The explosion-proof AC asynchronous lifting motor is connected to an explosion-proof hydraulic pump via a flexible coupling. A steering tie rod is located at the bottom of the frame 100, and the explosion-proof servo steering motor is connected to the steering tie rod. The explosion-proof AC traction motor controls the forward or backward movement of the explosion-proof forklift, and the explosion-proof servo steering motor controls the steering of the explosion-proof forklift. The explosion-proof AC asynchronous lifting motor is connected to the mast lifting device 204 and is used to control the raising or lowering of the forks 300. The use of the explosion-proof AC asynchronous lifting motor and the explosion-proof servo steering motor provides more precise control of the vehicle's movement and lifting, resulting in high control accuracy.
[0051] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, an explosion-proof emergency stop button 207 is installed on the explosion-proof control box 101, and the explosion-proof emergency stop button 207 is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box 101. The explosion-proof emergency stop button 207 is installed on the left side of the upper surface of the explosion-proof control box 101, so that the operator can quickly access it in an emergency and reliably realize the emergency stop function, providing effective protection for the safety of equipment and personnel. The explosion-proof emergency stop button 207 is fixed to the explosion-proof control box 101 by a threaded sleeve, and a rubber sealing gasket is provided at the connection to prevent dust and moisture from entering the interior of the explosion-proof control box 101, while enhancing the explosion-proof performance.
[0052] It should be noted that this utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and function as the technical concept within the scope of this utility model are included within the technical scope of this utility model. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, are also included within the scope of this utility model without departing from the spirit of this utility model.
Claims
1. An explosion-proof forklift, characterized in that, It includes a frame (100), a support frame (200) longitudinally arranged on one side of the frame (100), and a fork (300) transversely perpendicular to one side of the frame (100); wherein, The vehicle frame (100) is provided with an explosion-proof control box (101), and an explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device (102) is installed on the upper end of the explosion-proof control box (101); an explosion-proof motor (103) is installed at the front end of the explosion-proof control box (101); explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensors (104) are installed on both sides of the lower end of the vehicle frame (100), and a charging brush block (105) is installed in the middle, the charging brush block (105) being electrically connected to the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device (102); the explosion-proof control box (101) is electrically connected to the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device (102) and the explosion-proof motor (103) respectively. The support frame (200) is equipped with an explosion-proof navigation sensor (201), an explosion-proof control box two (202), and an explosion-proof pull-wire encoder (203) from top to bottom; the explosion-proof control box two (202) is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box one (101), the explosion-proof navigation sensor (201), the explosion-proof pull-wire encoder (203), and the explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor (104) respectively; The fork (300) is mounted on the support frame (200) via a gantry lifting device (204); the gantry lifting device (204) is electrically connected to the explosion-proof motor (103).
2. The explosion-proof forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, The explosion-proof navigation sensor (201) is an increased safety type and a spark-free type explosion-proof navigation sensor (201); the explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor (104) is an increased safety type and a spark-free type explosion-proof obstacle avoidance sensor (104).
3. The explosion-proof forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, An explosion-proof tri-color light (205) is also provided at the upper end of the support frame (200); explosion-proof marker lights (206) are provided on both sides and in the middle of the upper end of the support frame (200).
4. The explosion-proof forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, An explosion-proof safety contact edge (107) is provided at the bottom edge of the frame (100).
5. The explosion-proof forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, An explosion-proof fork tip sensor is provided at the tip of the fork (300), and the explosion-proof fork tip sensor is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box (202).
6. The explosion-proof forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, An explosion-proof wired remote control device (106) is also installed on the upper end of the explosion-proof control box one (101), and the explosion-proof wired remote control device (106) is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box two (202).
7. The explosion-proof forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heat insulation buffer layer is provided between the explosion-proof control box (101) and the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device (102), and a sealing ring is provided on the connection surface between the explosion-proof control box (101) and the explosion-proof lithium battery power supply device (102).
8. An explosion-proof forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gantry lifting device (204) includes a hydraulic system, which includes an explosion-proof hydraulic pump, a reversing valve, and a hydraulic cylinder. The explosion-proof hydraulic pump is connected to the oil inlet of the reversing valve through a pipeline, and the oil outlet of the reversing valve is connected to the rod chamber and rodless chamber interface of the hydraulic cylinder through two independent high-pressure pipelines. An explosion-proof pressure sensor is installed in the hydraulic system, and the explosion-proof pressure sensor is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box (101).
9. An explosion-proof forklift according to claim 8, characterized in that, The explosion-proof motor (103) consists of an explosion-proof AC traction motor, an explosion-proof AC asynchronous hoisting motor, and an explosion-proof servo steering motor. The explosion-proof AC traction motor, explosion-proof AC asynchronous hoisting motor, and explosion-proof servo steering motor are installed in a triangular layout in an explosion-proof control box (101). The bottom of the frame (100) is provided with a drive axle device, and the explosion-proof AC traction motor is connected to the drive axle differential in the drive axle device. The explosion-proof AC asynchronous hoisting motor is connected to an explosion-proof hydraulic pump through a flexible coupling. The bottom of the frame (100) is provided with a steering tie rod, and the explosion-proof servo steering motor is connected to the steering tie rod.
10. An explosion-proof forklift according to claim 1, characterized in that, An explosion-proof emergency stop button (207) is installed on the explosion-proof control box (101), and the explosion-proof emergency stop button (207) is electrically connected to the explosion-proof control box (101).