A hydrogen fuel cell stack heat sink

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hydrogen fuel cell stack radiators, belong to hydrogen fuel cell technical field, including the box body with ventilation hole being opened in both sides, two described ventilation hole place are fixedly installed fan assembly, the box body inside center place is fixedly installed with stack body, the stack body both sides are fixedly attached with heat block, and multiple radiating fins are equipped in the heat block side away from stack body. The hydrogen fuel cell stack radiator, through the heat block of stack body both sides and radiating fin cooperate fan assembly to realize the air cooling heat dissipation under low load, through water cooling assembly cooperation cold row and fan assembly, realize the water cooling heat dissipation under high load, simultaneously, heat block and radiating fin and cold row are in same air duct, realize the air cooling auxiliary heat dissipation under high load, compared with existing device, avoid the problem that high and low load is difficult to maintain optimum working temperature interval, improve the flexibility of radiator use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of hydrogen fuel cell technology, and in particular relates to a heat sink for a hydrogen fuel cell stack. Background Technology

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy. Its basic principle is the reverse reaction of water electrolysis. Hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to the anode and cathode, respectively. Hydrogen diffuses outward through the anode and reacts with the electrolyte, releasing electrons that travel through an external load to the cathode. The power generation efficiency of a fuel cell can reach over 50%, which is determined by the conversion nature of the fuel cell—directly converting chemical energy into electrical energy without the intermediate conversion of thermal energy or mechanical energy (generator).

[0003] Existing hydrogen fuel cell stack heat sinks are broadly classified into water-cooled and air-cooled types, which are not flexible enough in terms of heat dissipation. Due to the influence of the catalyst, the optimal operating temperature of hydrogen fuel cells is between 60-80 degrees Celsius. When the battery load is low, the required heat dissipation load is also small. At this time, the cost of using water-cooled heat sinks is high, and in order to keep the temperature from falling below the optimal operating temperature range, it is also necessary to reduce the water pump speed and fan speed, which is quite troublesome. On the other hand, when the battery load is high, ordinary air-cooled heat sinks are difficult to reduce the stack temperature to the optimal temperature range.

[0004] To address these issues, we propose a heat sink for hydrogen fuel cell stacks. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of insufficient flexibility in heat dissipation in the existing technology, and to propose a heat sink for hydrogen fuel cell stacks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A hydrogen fuel cell stack heat sink includes a box body with ventilation holes on both sides, a fan assembly fixedly installed at each of the two ventilation holes, a fuel cell stack body fixedly installed at the center of the box body, heat exchange blocks fixedly attached to both sides of the fuel cell stack body, and multiple heat dissipation fins provided on the side of the heat exchange blocks facing away from the fuel cell stack body, a heat dissipation pipe provided inside the bottom wall of the box body to match the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack body, a radiator fixedly installed inside the box body at one of the ventilation holes, and a water cooling assembly connecting the radiator and the heat dissipation pipe fixedly installed on the outside of the box body.

[0008] Preferably, there are two radiators, and the two radiators are arranged in a figure-eight pattern.

[0009] Preferably, the side of the heat dissipation fins facing away from the heat spreader is attached to the inner wall of the box.

[0010] Preferably, the fan assembly closer to the radiator blows air into the inside of the housing, while the fan assembly farther from the radiator blows air outward from the housing.

[0011] Preferably, a first guide plate that cooperates with the heat dissipation fins on both sides is fixedly connected to one side of the fuel cell stack body facing the cold radiator.

[0012] Preferably, a second baffle plate is fixedly connected to the side of the box body away from the cold radiator.

[0013] Preferably, a baffle is fixedly connected to the side of the fuel cell stack body facing away from the cold radiator.

[0014] Preferably, the inner bottom wall of the box has an installation groove, and a heat sink block that fits the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack body is fixedly installed in the installation groove, and the heat sink pipe is arranged in an S-shape inside the heat sink block.

[0015] In summary, the technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows: Compared with existing devices, this hydrogen fuel cell stack radiator achieves air cooling under low load by using heat dissipation blocks and heat sinks on both sides of the stack body in conjunction with a fan assembly, and achieves water cooling under high load by using a water cooling assembly in conjunction with a radiator and a fan assembly. At the same time, the heat dissipation blocks and heat sinks are in the same air duct as the radiator, achieving air cooling auxiliary heat dissipation under high load. Compared with existing devices, this avoids the problem of difficulty in maintaining the optimal operating temperature range under high and low loads, and improves the flexibility of radiator use. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Box body; 2. Ventilation hole; 3. Fan assembly; 4. Fuel cell stack body; 5. Heat sink; 6. Heat sink fins; 7. Heat pipes; 8. Radiator; 9. Water cooling assembly; 10. First air deflector; 11. Second air deflector; 12. Baffle; 13. Mounting slot; 14. Heat sink. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0021] Reference Figure 1-3A hydrogen fuel cell stack heat sink includes a box body 1 with ventilation holes 2 on both sides, a fan assembly 3 fixedly installed at each of the two ventilation holes 2, a fuel cell stack body 4 fixedly installed at the center inside the box body 1, heat dissipation blocks 5 fixedly attached to both sides of the fuel cell stack body 4, and multiple heat dissipation fins 6 on the side of the heat dissipation blocks 5 facing away from the fuel cell stack body 4, a heat dissipation pipe 7 that matches the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack body 4 is provided inside the bottom wall of the box body 1, a radiator 8 located at one of the ventilation holes 2 is fixedly installed inside the box body 1, and a water cooling assembly 9 that connects the radiator 8 and the heat dissipation pipe 7 is fixedly installed on the outside of the box body 1.

[0022] The water-cooling component 9 is existing technology and includes a water pump, a water tank, water pipes, and a coolant filled in the water pipes. The water pump drives the coolant in the water pipes to move, and the coolant circulates back and forth between the heat pipes 7 and the radiator 8 to achieve heat dissipation. Since the above components are commonly used in the field of heat dissipation, they will not be described in detail.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-3 When the load on the stack body 4 is low, the water cooling component 9 can be turned on but the two fan components 3 can be turned on. Air enters the box 1 through the ventilation hole 2 and then passes through the heat dissipation fins 6 on both sides, thereby reducing the temperature of the heat dissipation block 5 and thus achieving heat dissipation on both sides of the stack body 4.

[0024] When the fuel cell stack 4 is under high load, both fan assemblies 3 are activated simultaneously with the water cooling assembly 9. The coolant in the water cooling assembly 9, along with the water pump, passes through the heat pipes 7 and exchanges heat with the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack 4, thus dissipating heat from the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack 4. The heated coolant, along with the water pump in the water cooling assembly 9, passes through the radiator 8. The air driven by the fan assembly 3 first passes through the radiator 8 and cools the coolant. The cooled coolant, along with the water pump, returns to the heat pipes 7 to complete the water cooling cycle. The air passing through the radiator 8 then passes through the heat dissipation fins 6 on both sides, thus providing auxiliary heat dissipation to the sides of the fuel cell stack 4.

[0025] Reference Figure 3 There are two radiators 8, arranged in a figure-eight pattern to initially guide the airflow, allowing it to split into two streams that enter the heat dissipation fins 6 on both sides. Furthermore, the figure-eight arrangement allows for a larger radiator area within the limited space inside the housing 1, improving heat dissipation.

[0026] It is important to note that the edges of the two radiators 8 should be flush with the inner wall of the housing 1 so that all the airflow inside the housing 1 flows through the air duct of the radiators 8, ensuring the heat dissipation effect.

[0027] The heat dissipation fins 6 are attached to the inner wall of the box body 1 on the side facing away from the heat spreader 5, so as to ensure that the airflow between the inner wall of the box body 1 and the heat spreader 5 can all flow through the heat dissipation fins 6, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0028] The fan assembly 3 close to the radiator 8 blows air into the inner side of the housing 1, while the fan assembly 3 far away from the radiator 8 blows air into the outer side of the housing 1. This ensures that the low-temperature airflow passes through the radiator 8 first, thus guaranteeing the water cooling effect.

[0029] Reference Figure 3 The fuel cell stack body 4 is fixedly connected to a first guide plate 10 that matches the heat dissipation fins 6 on both sides on one side facing the radiator 8. The first guide plate 10 divides the airflow flowing through the radiator 8 into two streams and guides them to the heat dissipation fins 6 on both sides respectively, thereby reducing airflow loss and improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0030] A second airflow guide plate 11 is fixedly connected to the side of the box 1 away from the heat sink 8. The second airflow guide plate 11 combines the two airflows flowing through the heat sink fins 6 on both sides and discharges them from the fan assembly 3, thereby reducing the loss when the two airflows are combined and further improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0031] Since the fuel cell stack body 4 is roughly rectangular, air will generate vortices on the leeward side when it flows through the fuel cell stack body 4, which will disrupt the airflow and reduce the heat dissipation efficiency. To solve the above problem, a baffle 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the fuel cell stack body 4 facing away from the radiator 8. The curvature of the baffle 12 is used to avoid the generation of vortices on the leeward side of the fuel cell stack body 4 and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 The inner bottom wall of the housing 1 has a mounting groove 13, and a heat sink 14, which is attached to the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack 4, is fixedly installed in the mounting groove 13. The heat dissipation pipe 7 is arranged in an S-shape inside the heat sink 14. By directly contacting the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack 4 with the heat sink 14, the high thermal conductivity of the heat sink 14 can be used to improve the heat dissipation effect. It should be noted that thermal grease should be applied between the heat sink 14 and the bottom surface of the housing 1, and between the heat spreader 5 and the side surface of the housing 1 to fill the gaps. Since thermal grease is an existing technology and is common in the field of heat dissipation, it will not be described in detail.

[0033] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A heat sink for a hydrogen fuel cell stack, comprising a housing (1) with ventilation holes (2) on both sides, characterized in that, Fan assemblies (3) are fixedly installed at both ventilation holes (2). A fuel cell stack body (4) is fixedly installed at the center of the box body (1). Heat dissipation blocks (5) are fixedly attached to both sides of the fuel cell stack body (4). Multiple heat dissipation fins (6) are provided on the side of the heat dissipation block (5) facing away from the fuel cell stack body (4). A heat dissipation pipe (7) is provided inside the bottom wall of the box body (1) to match the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack body (4). A radiator (8) located at one of the ventilation holes (2) is fixedly installed inside the box body (1). A water cooling assembly (9) connecting the radiator (8) and the heat dissipation pipe (7) is fixedly installed on the outside of the box body (1).

2. A heat sink for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the cold radiators (8) is 2, and the two cold radiators (8) are arranged in a figure-eight shape.

3. A heat sink for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation fins (6) are attached to the inner wall of the box body (1) on the side facing away from the heat dissipation block (5).

4. A heat sink for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan assembly (3) near the radiator (8) blows air into the box (1), and the fan assembly (3) away from the radiator (8) blows air out of the box (1).

5. A heat sink for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fuel cell stack body (4) is fixedly connected to a first guide plate (10) that matches the heat dissipation fins (6) on both sides on one side facing the heat sink (8).

6. A heat sink for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 5, characterized in that, A second guide plate (11) is fixedly connected to the side of the box (1) away from the cold radiator (8).

7. A heat sink for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 6, characterized in that, A baffle plate (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the fuel cell stack body (4) facing away from the cold radiator (8).

8. A heat sink for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner bottom wall of the box (1) is provided with an installation groove (13), and a heat sink (14) that fits the bottom surface of the fuel cell stack body (4) is fixedly installed in the installation groove (13). The heat sink (7) is arranged in an S-shape inside the heat sink (14).

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