A battery pack and heat transfer tube

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the battery field, concretely is a kind of battery pack and heat pipe.Overcome the problem that the local heat of monomer battery pole in existing battery pack is too high, and causes heat runaway.Battery pack, including multiple battery components;Battery component includes battery module and two heat pipes;Battery module includes multiple monomer batteries;Two heat pipes are respectively arranged on the total positive terminal and total negative terminal of battery module;Two mutually isolated sub-channels are located in each heat pipe;In multiple battery components, heat pipe is connected in series in turn according to set order;After cooling liquid enters total liquid inlet end, it flows through one sub-channel in each heat pipe in turn, then, through loop turning node, it flows through another sub-channel in each heat pipe in turn, and flows out from total liquid outlet end.The utility model directly contacts the polarity terminal of monomer battery by heat pipe, and realizes the efficient balanced heat dissipation of polarity terminal based on heat pipe series structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the battery field, concretely is a kind of battery pack and heat pipe. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the common battery pack is constituted by adopting multiple battery modules through electrical connection.

[0003] The temperature control of battery pack has been the hotspot of the field, and the existing battery pack mostly adopts the way of air cooling or liquid cooling to control the temperature of the whole battery pack. However, since the pole of single battery in the battery pack is the most concentrated part of heat, when the local heat of the pole is too high, it is likely to cause thermal runaway of the single battery in the battery pack. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of battery pack and heat pipe, overcome the problem of local heat of the pole of single battery in the existing battery pack being too high and causing thermal runaway.

[0005] The utility model provides a kind of battery pack in the first aspect, including the n battery components along the first direction arrangement;

[0006] The above-mentioned battery component includes battery module and two heat pipes;

[0007] The above-mentioned battery module includes m single batteries along the second direction arrangement;The positive polarity terminal of m single batteries is arranged on one side, to constitute the total positive terminal of battery module;The negative polarity terminal of m single batteries is arranged on the other side, to constitute the total negative terminal of battery module;Wherein n and m are all integers greater than 1;The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular;

[0008] Two heat pipes are respectively arranged on the total positive terminal and the total negative terminal of battery module;Each heat pipe is equipped with two mutually isolated sub-channels, and the two sub-channels extend along the second direction, and in the second direction, the two sub-channels are the same size as the heat pipe;Each sub-channel is used as cooling liquid flow channel;

[0009] In the n battery components, in the first direction one outermost heat pipe, the same side port of two sub-channels is respectively used as total liquid inlet end and total liquid outlet end;In the first direction, the same side port of two sub-channels in another outermost heat pipe is mutually connected in series, and is used as loop turning node;In the remaining port, the sub-channel port of different heat pipes is sequentially connected in series according to the set order, to form the closed liquid path passage from total liquid inlet end to total liquid outlet end;

[0010] After cooling liquid enters total liquid inlet end, sequentially flow through one sub-channel in each heat pipe, then, through loop turning node, sequentially flow through another sub-channel in each heat pipe, and flow out from total liquid outlet end.

[0011] The utility model discloses the heat pipe directly contacts the polarity terminal (positive / negative pole) of monomer battery and radiates, realizes the preferential cooling of battery tab / terminal area. The area is easy to produce local high temperature because of current collection effect, direct cooling can rapidly reduce temperature, effectively avoids the chain reaction caused by hot spot, such as SEI film decomposition, lithium dendrite growth etc.

[0012] In addition, the utility model discloses a double -channel series cooling structure, and the core design is in that: every heat pipe is equipped with two mutually insulated sub -passages (can define two sub -passages as liquid inlet sub -passage and liquid outlet sub -passage respectively), and the same side port of two sub -passages of one outermost heat pipe is respectively as total liquid inlet end and total liquid outlet end, and the sub -passage of every heat pipe in the middle is connected in series according to the set order, and the same side port of two sub -passages of another outermost heat pipe is connected in series as loop turning node.

[0013] After cooling liquid enters total liquid inlet end, in turn, flow through one sub -passage (liquid inlet sub -passage) in every heat pipe, then, through loop turning node, in turn, flow through another sub -passage (liquid outlet sub -passage) in every heat pipe, and flow out from total liquid outlet end.

[0014] This design realizes multiple optimization effects: first, in the inside of single heat pipe, cooling liquid forms efficient heat exchange through adjacent liquid inlet sub -passage and liquid outlet sub -passage, and makes every polarity terminal obtain balanced radiating effect, and for all heat pipes, the temperature difference of liquid inlet sub -passage and liquid outlet sub -passage basically maintains constant, effectively avoids local overheating or overcooling phenomenon existing in traditional series cooling (traditional series cooling: when cooling liquid flows from total liquid inlet end to total liquid outlet end, gradually heats up, leads to the temperature of battery near total liquid inlet end to be lower, and the temperature of battery near total liquid outlet end to be higher). Secondly, by setting loop turning node in the outermost heat pipe, the system only needs a pair of total liquid inlet / outlet port to realize the cooling circulation of whole battery pack, and the total liquid inlet / outlet port is located in the same side port of the same heat pipe, greatly simplifies the pipeline layout.

[0015] Further, in the rest of the port, the following two series connection modes can be used:

[0016] The first series connection mode:

[0017] On the side of total liquid inlet end and total liquid outlet end, in the four sub -passages of adjacent heat pipe on different battery components, the ports of two adjacent sub -passages in the middle position are connected in series, and the ports of two sub -passages on the outside are connected in series.

[0018] On the other side (the side far from total liquid inlet end and total liquid outlet end), in the four sub -passages of adjacent heat pipe on the same battery component, the ports of two adjacent sub -passages in the middle position are connected in series, and the ports of two sub -passages on the outside are connected in series.

[0019] The second series connection mode is as follows:

[0020] On the side of the total liquid inlet end and the total liquid outlet end, the ports of two sub-channels with an interval position in the four sub-channels of the adjacent heat transfer pipes on different battery components are connected in series.

[0021] On the other side (the side away from the total liquid inlet end and the total liquid outlet end), the ports of two sub-channels with an interval position in the four sub-channels of the adjacent heat transfer pipes on the same battery component are connected in series.

[0022] The pipeline layout of the first series connection mode is regular, there is no cross pipeline, and the assembly is easy, while compared with the first series connection mode, the pipeline layout of the second series connection mode is complex, the sub-channels need to be connected in cross, and the assembly is difficult.

[0023] Further, the battery component further comprises a shell, and the m single batteries are arranged in the shell, and the cavities of the single batteries are communicated with each other.

[0024] The top plate of the shell is provided with avoiding holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of the single batteries, and the polarity terminals protrude out of the corresponding avoiding holes; and the area of the avoiding holes corresponding to the top plate of the shell is fixed and sealed with the upper cover plate of the single battery.

[0025] The electrolyte and / or gas in the cavities of the single batteries are communicated, so that the electrolyte and / or gas of all the single batteries are in the same system, the differences between the single batteries are reduced, the consistency between the single batteries is improved to a certain extent, and the cycle life of the battery component is improved to a certain extent.

[0026] Further, a first through groove extending in the first direction is formed on the polarity terminal, and the heat transfer pipe is installed in the first through groove.

[0027] The through groove provides accurate positioning for the heat transfer pipe, and reduces the risk of shaking and displacement of the heat transfer pipe during the operation of the battery pack.

[0028] Further, in order to improve the welding quality and connection stability, ensure efficient heat conduction and uniform current transmission, a step structure is arranged on the outer wall of the heat transfer pipe in the first direction, the horizontal plane of the step structure is flush with the end face of the side wall of the first through groove, and the welding connection is performed at the joint between the horizontal plane of the step structure and the end face of the side wall of the first through groove.

[0029] Further, the heat transfer pipe is an electric conductor, and realizes the parallel connection of multiple single batteries.

[0030] The heat transfer pipe of the utility model not only serves as a heat dissipation component, but also serves as an electric conductor to realize the parallel connection of multiple single batteries, and at least has the following advantages:

[0031] In the first aspect, no special conductive connecting piece needs to be additionally arranged, and the overall structure design of the battery component is simplified; in the second aspect, since the heat transfer pipe simultaneously bears the heat dissipation and the conductive functions, the number of parts in the battery component is reduced, and the assembly difficulty and cost are reduced; in the third aspect, the heat transfer pipe as the parallel connecting piece is directly embedded into the first through groove of the pole post extension piece, the space of the pole post extension piece is fully utilized, and the problem of space occupation of the additional conductive connecting piece is avoided; in the fourth aspect, the heat transfer pipe as the parallel connecting piece can ensure that the current distribution among the plurality of single batteries is more uniform, and the overheat damage of individual battery due to excessive current is avoided.

[0032] The utility model discloses a second aspect provides a kind of heat transfer pipe, including pipe body, pipe body is along its length direction and is equipped with at least two sub-channels mutually isolated.

[0033] The heat transfer pipe not only brings significant advantages to the above-mentioned battery pack, but also has the following advantages in other scenarios: by dividing the cavity, the heat exchange area inside the heat transfer pipe is increased, allowing heat to be more efficiently transferred from the pipe wall to the cooling liquid, improving heat exchange efficiency; at the same time, the support structure between the two sub-channels can significantly improve the compression resistance of the heat transfer pipe, making it less likely to deform or break under high pressure (such as when the cooling liquid is flowing). In addition, when the two sub-channels are connected in parallel, if one of the sub-channels fails due to blockage or leakage, the other sub-channels can still work normally, maintaining the basic operation of the cooling system.

[0034] Further, the above-mentioned heat transfer pipe is integrally formed by aluminum extrusion process. The aluminum extrusion process has simple process, which reduces labor cost and time cost. In addition, the integrally formed heat transfer pipe has low scrap rate in the production process, effectively controlling the production cost.

[0035] Further, to improve the connection stability of the heat transfer pipe and the battery, a step structure is provided on the outer wall of the heat transfer pipe along the first direction, and the step structure can be welded to the battery.

[0036] The utility model has the advantages of:

[0037] The utility model directly contacts the heat transfer pipe with the polarity terminal (positive / negative) of the single battery for heat dissipation, achieving preferential cooling of the battery tab / terminal area. This area is prone to local high temperature due to current crowding effect, and direct cooling can quickly cool down, effectively avoiding hot spots triggering chain reactions such as SEI film decomposition and lithium dendrite growth.

[0038] Furthermore, the utility model discloses a double -channel series cooling structure, the core design is in at: every heat transfer pipe inside is equipped with two mutually isolated sub -passages, and the same side port of two sub -passages of one outermost heat transfer pipe is respectively as total liquid inlet end and total liquid outlet end, and the sub -passage of every heat transfer pipe in the middle is connected in series according to the set order, and the same side port of two sub -passages of another outermost heat transfer pipe is connected in series as loop turning node.

[0039] After the cooling liquid enters total liquid inlet end, in turn, flow through one sub -passage in every heat transfer pipe, then, through series port, in turn, flow through another sub -passage in every heat transfer pipe, flow from total liquid outlet end;

[0040] This design realizes multiple optimization effect: first, in single heat transfer pipe, cooling liquid passes through adjacent liquid inlet and liquid outlet sub -passage and forms efficient heat exchange, so that every polarity terminal can obtain balanced heat dissipation effect, for all heat transfer pipes, liquid inlet sub -passage and liquid outlet sub -passage temperature difference basically maintains constant, effectively avoids the local overheating or supercooling phenomenon existing in traditional series cooling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is the structural schematic drawing of the first visual angle of the battery pack of embodiment 1;

[0042] Figure 2 It is the structural schematic drawing of the second visual angle of the battery pack of embodiment 1;

[0043] Figure 3 It is the structural schematic drawing of the battery module in embodiment 1;

[0044] Figure 4 It is the explosion structural schematic drawing of the battery module in embodiment 1;

[0045] Figure 5 It is the sectional view of the battery module in embodiment 1;

[0046] Figure 6 It is the structural schematic drawing of heat transfer pipe in embodiment 1;

[0047] Figure 7 It is the sectional view of heat transfer pipe in embodiment 1;

[0048] Figure 8 It is the schematic diagram of the connection of each heat transfer pipe in the battery pack of embodiment 1;

[0049] Figure 9 It is the schematic diagram of the connection of each heat transfer pipe in the battery pack of some other embodiments;

[0050] Figure 10 Structure diagram of the first perspective of the battery pack of Example 4;

[0051] Figure 11 Structure diagram of the second perspective of the battery pack of Example 4;

[0052] Figure 12 Structure diagram of the battery module of Example 4;

[0053] Figure 13 Exploded structure diagram of the battery module of Example 4;

[0054] Figure 14 Sectional view of the battery module of Example 4.

[0055] Reference numerals in the drawings are:

[0056] 1, battery module; 11, single battery; 12, pole post; 13, pole post extension; 131, pole post extension main body; 132, electric connection post; 133, first through slot; 134, recess structure; 135, first through slot side wall end face; 2, heat transfer pipe; 21, step structure; 22, sub channel; 3, shell; 31, shell top plate; 32, avoidance hole; 4, electrolyte sharing chamber; 5, gas sharing chamber; 6, insulating sealing element; 61, pressing ring; 62, flexible insulating sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0058] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present application, therefore the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0059] In the description of the utility model, it is necessary to explain that the position relation or the position relation indicated in the term "top, bottom" is based on the position relation or the position relation shown in the drawing, only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and not indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, a particular orientation and operation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation of the utility model. In addition, the term "first, second, etc." is only used for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0060] The utility model discloses a battery pack which is mainly composed of a plurality of battery modules and heat pipes fixed on the polarity terminals of single batteries in each battery module, and through optimization of the heat pipe structure and the connection mode of the heat pipes between the battery modules, uniform heat dissipation of the polarity terminals of the single batteries in each battery module in the battery pack is realized, and the occurrence of thermal runaway caused by excessive local heat of the polarity terminals is avoided.

[0061] In the traditional design, the heat pipe is usually single-channel, and when it is fixed on the polarity terminal to realize temperature control of the battery pack, there are disadvantages. For example, when the heat pipes between the battery modules are connected in series, the cooling liquid continuously heats up during the process of flowing from the total liquid inlet end to the total liquid outlet end, resulting in that the polarity terminals of the battery modules close to the total liquid inlet end in the battery pack are low in temperature, and the polarity terminals of the battery modules at the total liquid outlet end are high in temperature, and the large temperature difference significantly affects the performance and service life of the battery pack. When the heat pipes between the battery modules are connected in parallel, although the temperature difference problem can be avoided to some extent, the pipeline layout is extremely complex, which not only increases the design and maintenance cost, but also reduces the reliability of the system.

[0062] To solve these problems, the utility model adopts a double-channel series cooling structure, each heat pipe is internally provided with two liquid inlet sub-channels and liquid outlet sub-channels which are isolated from each other, the same side ports of the two sub-channels of an outermost heat pipe in the battery pack are respectively used as the total liquid inlet end and the total liquid outlet end, the sub-channels of each heat pipe in the middle are connected in series in a set order, and the same side ports of the two sub-channels of another outermost heat pipe are connected in series as a loop turning node.

[0063] After the cooling liquid enters the total liquid inlet end, it flows through one sub-channel (liquid inlet sub-channel) in each heat pipe in turn, and then, through the loop turning node, it flows through the other sub-channel (liquid outlet sub-channel) in each heat pipe in turn, and flows out from the total liquid outlet end.

[0064] This design achieves multiple optimizations: First, within a single heat transfer tube, the coolant forms an efficient heat exchange through adjacent inlet and outlet sub-channels, ensuring balanced heat dissipation for each polarity terminal. For all heat transfer tubes, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet sub-channels remains essentially constant, effectively avoiding localized overheating or overcooling issues present in traditional series cooling systems. Second, by placing the loop turning point on the outermost heat transfer tube, the system requires only one pair of main inlet / outlet ports to achieve the cooling cycle of the entire battery pack. Furthermore, the main inlet / outlet ports are located on the same side of the same heat transfer tube, significantly simplifying the piping layout, reducing system complexity, and improving reliability.

[0065] It should be noted that:

[0066] 1. The polar terminal described in this utility model can be a single battery terminal post, or it can be an integral structure of a single battery terminal post and a terminal post extension member connected thereon.

[0067] 2. The outermost heat transfer pipe mentioned above refers to the heat transfer pipe located at the outermost edge of the battery pack in the battery module arrangement direction.

[0068] 3. For ease of description, the battery module with heat transfer tube is defined as a battery component in this utility model.

[0069] The aforementioned battery modules can include at least the following three types:

[0070] Type 1 battery module:

[0071] The first type of battery module includes multiple individual cells arranged along the second direction; the positive terminals of the multiple individual cells are arranged on one side to form the total positive terminal of the battery module; the negative terminals of the multiple individual cells are arranged on the other side to form the total negative terminal of the battery module.

[0072] For ease of description, in this utility model, the arrangement direction of the individual battery cells is defined as the x-direction; the height direction of the individual battery cells is defined as the z-direction; and the direction perpendicular to both the x and z directions is defined as the y-direction.

[0073] Second type of battery module:

[0074] The second type of battery module adds at least one electrolyte sharing pipeline to the first type of battery module. Based on the electrolyte sharing pipeline, the electrolyte areas inside the cavities of multiple individual cells are connected to achieve electrolyte sharing, reduce the differences between individual cells, and optimize the cycle performance of the battery module. It may also include a gas sharing pipeline, which connects the gas areas inside the cavities of multiple individual cells to achieve gas balance and further optimize the cycle performance of the battery module.

[0075] Third type of battery module:

[0076] The third type of battery module is based on the first type of battery module, and an outer shell is additionally provided, and a plurality of single batteries are arranged in the x direction and placed in the inner cavity of the outer shell.

[0077] The shell structure is not specifically limited, and at least the following two structures can be used:

[0078] The first structure includes a cylinder with open ends (i.e., the port parallel to the yz plane is open) and end plates fixed at both open ends of the cylinder (i.e., the end plates are parallel to the yz plane);

[0079] The second structure includes a cylinder with open ends at the top and bottom (i.e., the port parallel to the xy plane is open) and a top plate and a bottom plate fixed at the open ends of the top and bottom of the cylinder (i.e., the top plate and the bottom plate are parallel to the xy plane, and the bottom plate or the top plate can be an integral structure with the cylinder);

[0080] A shared chamber is provided in the shell, and the inner cavities of the single batteries are connected based on the shared chamber.

[0081] It should be noted that:

[0082] The shared chamber can be an electrolyte sharing chamber, and the inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing chamber is connected to the inner cavities of the single batteries. The electrolyte sharing chamber can make the single batteries in a unified electrolyte environment, ensuring the uniformity of the electrolyte in the single batteries and improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the battery module. The electrolyte sharing chamber described herein is a liquid passage extending along the length of the shell between the shell bottom plate and the single batteries. The liquid passage can be integrally formed with the shell bottom plate, or can be formed by providing a support between the single battery upper cover plate and the shell bottom plate. It should be noted that in the shell of the first structure, the shell bottom plate herein is the cylinder bottom plate; in the shell of the second structure, the shell bottom plate herein is the bottom plate.

[0083] The shared chamber can also be a gas sharing chamber provided on the top plate of the shell, and the gas sharing chamber covers the gas ports on the top of each single battery in the battery module.

[0084] It should be noted that in the shell of the first structure, the shell top plate herein is the cylinder top plate; in the shell of the second structure, the shell top plate herein is the top plate.

[0085] It should also be noted that the gas port includes the following two meanings:

[0086] 1) The gas port is a through hole directly provided on the single battery upper cover plate and penetrating the inner cavity of the single battery;

[0087] At this time, the gas sharing chamber communicates with the gas area in the inner cavity of each single battery through the gas port, and the gas sharing chamber can communicate the gas areas of each single battery, achieve gas balance, and ensure the consistency of each single battery by sharing the gas, thereby improving the cycle life of the battery module to a certain extent.

[0088] 2) The gas port is a venting port or explosion-proof port provided on the upper cover plate of the single battery, and a venting membrane is arranged at the venting port or explosion-proof port;

[0089] At this time, the gas sharing chamber is used as a venting channel, when the venting membrane at the gas port of any single battery is broken by the smoke in the inner cavity, the inner cavity of the single battery and the gas sharing chamber are communicated, and the smoke in the inner cavity is discharged through the gas sharing chamber, thereby improving the safety of the battery module.

[0090] The above-mentioned sharing chamber can also be a gas-liquid sharing chamber, and each single battery can be in a unified electrolyte environment and gas environment through one gas-liquid sharing chamber, thereby improving the performance and charge-discharge cycle life of the battery module.

[0091] An avoiding hole is arranged on the top plate of the shell corresponding to the pole of each single battery; the area of the top plate of the shell corresponding to the avoiding hole is fixed and sealed with the shell body of the single battery, so that the avoiding hole part of the top plate of the shell is sealed.

[0092] The area of the top plate of the shell corresponding to the avoiding hole can be the peripheral area of the avoiding hole on the top plate of the shell, and can also be the hole wall of the avoiding hole.

[0093] The battery pack composed of different battery components is described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0094] Embodiment 1

[0095] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , they are structure schematic diagrams of different viewing angles of the battery pack in this embodiment, including three battery components arranged along the first direction (y direction shown in the figure), and in other embodiments, the number of battery components can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0096] Each battery component includes a battery module 1 and two heat transfer pipes 2. The two heat transfer pipes are respectively fixed on the total positive terminal of the battery module and the total negative terminal of the battery module.

[0097] The battery module 1 in this embodiment is the above-mentioned first type of battery module 1.

[0098] The specific structure of the battery component is as shown in Figures 3 to 5As shown in the figure, the battery module 1 of the embodiment includes 12 single batteries 11 arranged along the x direction. The single battery 11 of the embodiment is a square shell battery, and the inner cavity of each single battery 11 includes an electrolyte area and a gas area. In other embodiments, the number of single batteries 11 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the form of the single battery 11 can also be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0099] On the pole 12 of each single battery 11, a pole extension 13 is connected as a polarity terminal. The pole extension 13 includes an electrical connection column 132 and a pole extension main body 131, and the electrical connection column 132 is located at the bottom of the pole extension main body 131 and protrudes from the pole extension main body 131. A first through slot 133 for mounting the heat transfer pipe 2 is provided on the pole extension main body 131. Figure 5 In order to facilitate the display of the first through slot 133, the first through slot 133 on one side is not mounted with the heat transfer pipe 2, and the first through slot 133 extends along the x direction, that is, the length direction of the first through slot 133 is parallel to the x axis. The inner cavity shape of the first through slot 133 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the heat transfer pipe 2, and it is necessary to ensure that the heat transfer pipe 2 is tightly clamped therein to ensure the stability of the installation while ensuring the heat transfer effect between the heat transfer pipe 2 and the pole extension 13. It can be seen from Figure 5 It can be seen from the figure that the rectangular first through slot 133 of the embodiment is adapted to the square pipe of the heat transfer pipe 2. In order to facilitate the connection of the pole extension 13 and the pole 12 of the single battery 11, the first through slot 133 of the embodiment is provided with a recessed structure 134 recessed towards the electrical connection column 132 at the bottom of the first through slot 133; based on the bottom of the recessed structure 134 and the pole 12 of the single battery 11.

[0100] The heat transfer pipe 2 can be fixed to the battery module 1 by the following process: first, align the electrical connection column 132 of each pole extension 13 with the pole 12 of the single battery 11 to ensure contact between the two; then, the bottom of the recessed structure 134 is connected to the pole 12 by means of transparent welding. After all the pole extensions 13 are fixed, one heat transfer pipe 2 is fixed in the first through slot 133 of each positive polarity pole extension main body 131 on one side along the x direction; another heat transfer pipe 2 is fixed in the first through slot 133 of each negative polarity pole extension main body 131 on the other side along the x direction.

[0101] It should be noted that the above-mentioned positive polarity pole extension main body 131 refers to the pole extension main body fixed on the positive polarity terminal, and the negative polarity pole extension main body 131 refers to the pole extension main body fixed on the negative polarity terminal.

[0102] In other embodiments, when the height of the pole 12 of the single battery 11 meets the requirements, the first through slot 133 can be directly provided on the pole 12 to fix the heat transfer pipe 2.

[0103] In order to improve the stability of the heat transfer pipe and ensure efficient heat conduction, the structure of the heat transfer pipe 2 is optimized in this embodiment. The structure is as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 , which is adapted to the square first through slot 133. In this embodiment, a square tube is selected as the heat transfer pipe 2. A step structure 21 is provided on the outer wall of the heat transfer pipe 2 along its length direction. The horizontal plane of the step structure 21 is flush with the first through slot side wall end face 135. The joint between the horizontal plane of the step structure 21 and the first through slot side wall end face 135 is welded, as shown in Figure 5 .

[0104] It should be noted that the horizontal plane of the step structure 21 refers to the connecting surface between the large diameter section and the small diameter section of the heat transfer pipe in the z direction.

[0105] The step structure 21 is provided on the outer wall of the heat transfer pipe 2, and the horizontal plane of the step structure 21 is flush with the first through slot side wall end face 135. At the same time, the joint is welded. At least the following advantages are achieved:

[0106] Improved stability: The step structure 21 provides a larger welding contact area, making the welding connection more secure and reducing the risk of connection loosening due to vibration, thereby improving the overall stability of the battery component.

[0107] Optimized heat conduction efficiency: The horizontal plane of the step structure 21 is flush with the first through slot side wall end face 135, ensuring that the contact between the heat transfer pipe 2 and the pole extension 13 is more intimate, reducing the small gap between the contact interfaces, significantly reducing the thermal resistance, improving the heat conduction efficiency, and avoiding the problem of local hot spots caused by poor contact.

[0108] In addition, during the welding process, conventional welding operations may cause damage to the heat transfer pipe 2 body structure due to high temperature, stress concentration and other factors, thereby causing leakage hazards. The design of the step structure 21, with its horizontal plane flush with the first through slot side wall end face 135, provides an ideal operating plane for laser welding in the z direction, effectively avoiding leakage problems caused by damage to the heat transfer pipe 2 structure during the welding process. When the cooling liquid (such as cooling liquid) flows in the heat transfer pipe 2, this design can effectively prevent the cooling liquid from leaking from the joint.

[0109] The inner cavity of the heat transfer pipe 2 serves as a cooling liquid flow cavity. When the heat of the pole 12 is transferred to the pole extension 13, it will be further transferred to the heat transfer pipe 2. The heat rapidly spreads in the heat transfer pipe 2 and is dissipated through heat exchange between the heat transfer pipe 2 and the surrounding environment, thereby achieving heat dissipation for the battery module 1.

[0110] After the heat transfer pipe 2 is fixed to the first through groove 133, due to the existence of the recess structure 134, there is inevitably a non-contact area between the heat transfer pipe 2 and the pole extension 13, which affects the heat transfer effect; in order to further optimize the heat transfer effect, the conductive and heat-conductive column can also be fixed in the recess structure 134 in this embodiment, the top of the conductive and heat-conductive column is flush with the bottom of the first through groove 133, and the side wall of the conductive and heat-conductive column is in close contact with the inner wall of the recess structure 134. The conductive and heat-conductive column can be made of a material with high conductivity and high thermal conductivity, such as an aluminum block. Aluminum has good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity, which can effectively enhance the heat conduction efficiency between the pole extension 13 and the heat transfer pipe 2.

[0111] The addition of the conductive and heat-conductive column further improves the performance of the pole extension 13. In terms of electrical conductivity, the conductive and heat-conductive column fixed in the recess structure 134 significantly stabilizes the electrical connection between the pole extension 13 and the pole 12 of the single battery 11 due to its good electrical conductivity. During the charging and discharging process of the battery, large current can be transmitted more smoothly, greatly reducing energy loss and heating phenomenon caused by contact resistance, thereby effectively improving the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery.

[0112] In terms of thermal conductivity, since the top of the conductive and heat-conductive column is flush with the bottom of the first through groove 133 and the side wall is in close contact with the inner wall of the recess structure 134, the path of heat transfer from the battery pole 12 to the heat transfer pipe 2 is successfully shortened. Due to its high thermal conductivity, the heat transfer speed is greatly accelerated, which can quickly conduct the heat generated by the battery pole 12 to the heat transfer pipe 2 and dissipate it in time, effectively reducing the risk of battery failure caused by overheating.

[0113] Preferably, a heat-conducting adhesive layer can also be provided between the first through groove 133 and the heat transfer pipe, and between the recess structure 134 and the conductive and heat-conductive column. The heat-conducting adhesive layer can be made of silicone heat-conducting adhesive, which is made of silicone polymer as the base body and high-thermal-conductivity filling material; or acrylic ester heat-conducting adhesive, which can form a stable heat-conducting adhesive layer in a short time.

[0114] The thermally conductive adhesive layer disposed between the first channel 133 and the heat transfer tube 2 can tightly adhere to the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 2 and the inner wall of the first channel 133, thus fixing the heat transfer tube 2. It has high adhesion; when applied between the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 2 and the inner wall of the first channel 133, it forms a strong adhesive force on the contact surface, effectively preventing the heat transfer tube 2 from shaking within the first channel 133. This greatly improves the stability of the heat transfer tube 2 installation, preventing loosening of the connection due to shaking and affecting the heat dissipation and conductivity of the battery components. Simultaneously, the adhesive layer significantly optimizes thermal conductivity. Unlike traditional direct solid contact methods, the adhesive layer can better adapt to different surface shapes and roughnesses. At the microscopic scale, even if there are slight unevennesses between the outer wall of the heat transfer tube 2 and the inner wall of the first through groove 133, the adhesive layer can fill these gaps through its own fluidity, forming an efficient heat conduction path. Similarly, the thermally conductive adhesive layer disposed between the recessed structure 134 and the conductive heat-conducting pillar can also fill these gaps through its own fluidity, forming an efficient heat conduction path, even if there are slight unevennesses between the outer wall of the conductive heat-conducting pillar and the inner wall of the recessed structure 134. This effectively avoids hotspot problems caused by local thermal resistance differences, further improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery component, and ensures that the battery component operates in a stable temperature environment.

[0115] Combination Figure 7 As can be seen, the heat transfer tube 2 in this embodiment has two independent sub-channels 22 extending along the x-direction. Specifically, this can be achieved by setting a partition plate in the inner cavity of the heat transfer tube 2 with a single channel, or by integrally forming it using an aluminum extrusion process.

[0116] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As can be seen, the heat transfer tube 2 based on the above structure can form 4 sub-channels 22 arranged along the y direction on the top of each battery component.

[0117] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 As can be seen, in this embodiment of the battery pack, each heat transfer tube 2 is connected in series as follows:

[0118] Figure 8 In the example of a battery pack consisting of two battery components, the four straight lines extending along the x-direction at the top represent the four sub-channels 22 in one battery component, and the four straight lines extending along the x-direction at the bottom represent the four sub-channels 22 in the other battery component.

[0119] Setting of main inlet, main outlet and loop turning points:

[0120] In the y-direction, for the two outermost heat transfer tubes 2 ( Figure 8In the diagram, the uppermost and lowermost heat transfer pipes 2 and 2 are designed as follows: The two sub-channels 22 of one of the outermost heat transfer pipes 2 are connected on the same side, serving as the main inlet and outlet respectively (a in the diagram shows the main inlet, and b shows the main outlet). Coolant enters the system from the main inlet, undergoes a series of heat exchange processes, and then flows out from the main outlet. The two sub-channels 22 of the other outermost heat transfer pipe 2 are connected in series, with the series connection point acting as a loop turning point (c in the diagram), guiding the coolant to change its flow direction and forming a complete circulation path within the system.

[0121] Connection rules for the remaining ports (the remaining ports here refer to the ports excluding the ports on the same side of the two sub-channels 22 of one outermost heat transfer tube 2 and the ports on the same side of the two sub-channels 22 of the other outermost heat transfer tube 2):

[0122] At the main inlet and main outlet of the battery pack ( Figure 8 As shown on the left), on different battery components, among the four sub-channels 22 of adjacent heat transfer tubes 2, the ports of the two adjacent sub-channels 22 located in the middle are connected in series, and the ports of the two sub-channels 22 located on the outside are also connected in series; assuming that the ports of the four sub-channels 22 are A1, B1, C1 and D1 respectively, then A1 and D1, B1 and C1 are connected in series.

[0123] On the other side, that is, the side opposite to the main inlet and main outlet ( Figure 8 As shown on the right side), for the same battery component, among the four sub-channels 22 of adjacent heat transfer tubes 2, the ports of the two adjacent sub-channels 22 located in the middle are connected in series, and the ports of the two sub-channels 22 located on the outer side are connected in series. Assuming that the ports of the four sub-channels 22 are A2, B2, C2, and D2 respectively, then A2 and D2, and B2 and C2 are connected in series.

[0124] After completing the above connections, the coolant should be supplied according to... Figure 8 The coolant flows in the direction indicated by the middle arrow. After entering the system from the main inlet, the coolant flows sequentially through the inlet sub-channels 22 of each heat transfer tube 2 (sub-channels 22 shown by solid lines in the figure). Subsequently, the coolant reaches the loop turning point, changes its flow direction, and then flows sequentially through the outlet sub-channels 22 of each heat transfer tube 2 (sub-channels 22 shown by dashed lines in the figure). Finally, the coolant flows out from the main outlet, completing the entire heat dissipation cycle.

[0125] Throughout the entire heat dissipation cycle, the coolant flows into the system from the main inlet at a relatively low initial temperature, and flows orderly through the inlet sub-channels 22 of each heat transfer pipe 2. It exchanges heat with the polarized terminals of the hotter individual cells 11 on the battery component, absorbing heat and gradually increasing in temperature. When the coolant reaches the loop inflection point, the flow direction changes, and it begins to flow sequentially through the outlet sub-channels 22 of each heat transfer pipe 2. Within each heat transfer pipe 2, the coolant temperature in the inlet sub-channel 22 is relatively low, while the coolant temperature in the outlet sub-channel 22 is relatively high. For all heat transfer pipes 2, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet sub-channels 22 remains essentially constant. Through continuous heat exchange, the two sub-channels 22 within each heat transfer pipe 2 effectively regulate the temperature distribution of the coolant, further promoting a uniform temperature distribution among the individual cells 11 in different locations within the battery component.

[0126] In some other embodiments, a second series connection method may also be used, such as... Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 In the example of a battery pack consisting of two battery components, the four straight lines extending along the x-direction at the top represent the four sub-channels 22 in one battery component, and the four straight lines extending along the x-direction at the bottom represent the four sub-channels 22 in the other battery component.

[0127] The settings for the main inlet, main outlet, and loop transition points are the same as in this embodiment:

[0128] In the y-direction, for the two outermost heat transfer tubes 2 ( Figure 9 In the diagram, the uppermost and lowermost heat transfer pipes 2 are designed as follows: The two sub-channels 22 of one of the outermost heat transfer pipes 2 are designated as the main inlet and main outlet (a in the diagram shows the main inlet, and b shows the main outlet). Coolant enters the system from the main inlet, undergoes a series of heat exchange processes, and then flows out from the main outlet. The two sub-channels 22 of the other outermost heat transfer pipe 2 are connected in series at their same-side ports. The series connection point acts as a loop turning point (c in the diagram), guiding the coolant to change its flow direction and forming a complete circulation path within the system.

[0129] Connection rules for other ports:

[0130] At the main inlet and main outlet of the battery pack ( Figure 9 On the left side of the middle section, in different battery components, among the four sub-channels 22 of adjacent heat transfer tubes 2, the ports of two sub-channels 22 that are alternately positioned are connected in series; that is, two ports that are separated by one port in position are connected in series. Assuming that the ports of the four sub-channels 22 are A3, B3, C3, and D3 respectively, then A3 and C3, and B3 and D3 are connected in series.

[0131] On the other side, that is, the side opposite to the main inlet and main outlet (Figure 9 (Right side of the middle section) For the same battery component, among the four sub-channels 22 of adjacent heat transfer tubes 2, the ports of two sub-channels 22 that are alternately positioned are connected in series. Assuming that the ports of the four sub-channels 22 are A4, B4, C4, and D4 respectively, then A4 and C4, and B4 and D4 are connected in series.

[0132] After completing the above connections, the coolant should be as follows: Figure 9 As shown by the middle arrow, after entering the main liquid inlet, it flows through one sub-channel 22 (liquid inlet sub-channel 22, sub-channel 22 shown by solid line in the figure) of each heat transfer tube 2 in sequence. Then, after passing through the loop turning node, it flows through another sub-channel 22 (liquid outlet sub-channel 22, sub-channel 22 shown by dashed line in the figure) of each heat transfer tube 2 in sequence, and flows out from the main liquid outlet.

[0133] Although this connection method can achieve similar effects to this embodiment, compared with this embodiment, the pipeline layout is more complex, requires cross-connection of sub-channels 22, and is more difficult to assemble.

[0134] Compared to the traditional single-channel heat transfer tube 2, the heat transfer tube 2 in this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0135] The arrangement of two sub-channels 22 significantly increases the heat exchange area inside the heat transfer tube 2. This larger heat exchange area allows heat to be transferred more efficiently from the tube wall to the coolant, greatly improving heat exchange efficiency. When the battery components generate heat during operation, and this heat is transferred to the tube wall of the heat transfer tube 2, the larger heat exchange area means that more heat can be absorbed and carried away by the coolant per unit time, accelerating heat dissipation.

[0136] Furthermore, the support structure between the sub-channels 22 significantly improves the pressure resistance of the heat transfer tube 2. Under high pressure, such as when the coolant flows at high speed inside the heat transfer tube 2, it will exert considerable pressure on the tube wall. The support structure provides internal support to the tube wall, enhancing the overall structural strength of the heat transfer tube 2, making it less prone to deformation or breakage under high pressure, extending the service life of the heat transfer tube 2, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the battery components under complex operating conditions.

[0137] Furthermore, when applied in parallel scenarios, if one subchannel 22 experiences a blockage or leakage, the other subchannels 22 can still function normally, maintaining the basic operation of the cooling system.

[0138] Example 2

[0139] Based on Example 1, in this example, the heat transfer tube 2 is an electrical conductor, and the material can be a high-purity aluminum alloy, such as 6063 aluminum alloy. This material has good electrical conductivity, with a conductivity of 30-35 MS / m at 20°C, which can meet the requirements for current conduction; at the same time, it has excellent thermal conductivity, with a thermal conductivity of about 200-230 W / (m·K), which can efficiently achieve heat dissipation.

[0140] In each battery component, the polar terminals on the same side have the same polarity, while the polar terminals on different sides have opposite polarities. Two heat transfer tubes 2 are fixed on the polar terminals on both sides respectively, realizing the parallel connection of multiple single cells 11.

[0141] In the battery pack, heat transfer tubes 2 of different polarities of different battery components are connected by an electrical connector to realize the series connection of adjacent battery components.

[0142] It should be noted that the connecting tubes used to connect the various sub-channels 22 in series should be electrically insulating.

[0143] In this embodiment, the heat transfer pipe 2 not only serves as a heat dissipation component but also as an electrical connector to realize the parallel connection of multiple individual cells 11, which has at least the following advantages:

[0144] Firstly, the elimination of the need for dedicated conductive connectors simplifies the overall structure of the battery component. In traditional battery modules 1, heat dissipation and conductivity are often handled by different components, requiring complex structural layouts and connection designs. In this embodiment, the heat transfer pipe 2 integrates heat dissipation and conductivity functions, reducing the need for dedicated conductive connectors and making the overall structure of the battery component simpler and more compact, thus reducing design complexity and the probability of errors.

[0145] Secondly, since heat transfer pipe 2 simultaneously performs both heat dissipation and electrical conductivity functions, it reduces the number of components in the battery assembly, thereby lowering assembly difficulty and cost. Previously, separate heat dissipation pipes and conductive connectors were used, resulting in a large number of components, increased procurement costs, and requiring precise installation of each part during assembly, demanding high skill levels from assembly workers and leading to long assembly times.

[0146] Thirdly, the heat transfer tube 2, as a parallel connector, is directly embedded in the first through groove 133 of the electrode extension 13, making full use of the space of the electrode extension 13 and avoiding the problem of additional conductive connectors occupying space, which is conducive to improving the integration of battery components.

[0147] Fourthly, as a parallel connector, the heat transfer pipe 2 ensures a more uniform current distribution among the multiple individual cells 11, preventing individual cells from overheating and being damaged due to excessive current. The heat transfer pipe 2 is made of uniform material with good conductivity, and its resistance characteristics are consistent when used as a parallel connector. According to electrical principles, current will be evenly distributed along paths with the same resistance. Therefore, after multiple individual cells 11 are connected in parallel through the heat transfer pipe 2, the current can flow evenly to each individual cell 11, avoiding excessive current in individual cells due to uneven current distribution, which could lead to overheating and damage. This effectively improves the overall performance and stability of the battery module 1.

[0148] Example 3

[0149] Unlike the above embodiments, this embodiment uses the second type of battery module, that is, an electrolyte sharing pipeline is set at the bottom of the battery module 1 in the above embodiments. The inner cavity of the electrolyte sharing pipeline is connected to the electrolyte area of ​​each individual battery cell 11, so as to realize electrolyte sharing, reduce the difference between each individual battery cell 11, and optimize the cycle performance of the battery component.

[0150] In this embodiment, the connection method of each heat transfer pipe 2 in the battery pack is the same as that in embodiment 1, so as to achieve the effect that the temperature of each individual cell 11 in the battery component at different positions tends to be consistent.

[0151] Example 4

[0152] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment is another type of battery pack. Unlike the above embodiments, the battery module 1 in this embodiment is a third type of battery module.

[0153] The structure of the third type of battery module is as follows: Figures 12 to 14 As shown, in this embodiment, the third type of battery module arranges 12 individual batteries 11 in the inner cavity of the outer shell 3, and each terminal extension 13 is located outside the outer shell 3. The heat transfer pipe 2 is fixed on the terminal extension 13 located on the same side. The structure of the terminal extension 13 and the heat transfer pipe 2 is the same as in the above embodiment, and will not be described again here.

[0154] A support extending in the x-direction is provided between the bottom plate of the outer casing 3 and each individual battery cell 11 to form a liquid channel, serving as a shared electrolyte chamber 4.

[0155] The top plate 31 of the outer shell may also be provided with a boss extending in the x direction, and a gas channel is opened on the boss, which serves as a gas sharing chamber 5.

[0156] This embodiment can achieve the assembly of battery components through the following process:

[0157] First, place 12 individual batteries 11 inside the outer casing 3, and fix and seal the top plate 31 of the outer casing corresponding to the clearance hole 32 to the outer casing 3 of the individual battery 11.

[0158] In this embodiment, a sealing connection is achieved by welding the edge of the clearance hole 32 near the single cell 11 to the top cover plate of the single cell 11. When there is a certain gap between the two, solder can be filled into the gap for welding, thus preventing the external environment from interfering with the internal environment of the large-capacity battery through the gap between the clearance hole 32 and the terminal post 12. In addition to the welding method used in this embodiment, in some other embodiments, laser welding can also be used to weld the area around each clearance hole 32 on the top plate 31 of the outer casing to the area around the corresponding terminal post 12 on the top cover plate of the single cell 11. However, this welding method requires a high wall thickness of the top plate (a thicker top plate may result in poor welding effect, while a thinner top plate may cause high-temperature damage to the inside of the single cell 11).

[0159] Furthermore, due to the small gap between the terminal 12 of the individual battery 11 and the clearance hole 32, the insulation between the terminal 12 of the individual battery 11 and the top plate 31 of the casing may be difficult to ensure. Additionally, if thermal runaway occurs, cracks may appear at the weld between the clearance hole 32 and the top cover of the individual battery 11, causing thermal runaway fumes to leak from that location. Therefore, if… Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, in this embodiment, an insulating seal 6 is provided in the gap between each clearance hole 32 and the pole post 12. This insulating seal 6 ensures insulation between the pole post 12 and the top plate 31 of the outer casing. Furthermore, even if leakage occurs at the welding point, the insulating seal 6 acts as a second barrier to prevent leakage of thermal runaway fumes. It should be noted that... Figure 14 In order to make it easier to show the position of the clearance hole 32, no insulating seal 6 is provided on one side of the clearance hole 32.

[0160] Therefore, after fixing and sealing the top plate 31 of the outer casing corresponding to the clearance hole 32 to the outer casing 3 of the single cell 11, the insulating seal 6 is set between each clearance hole 32 and the terminal post 12. Then, the terminal post extension 13 is pressed tightly against the insulating seal 6, and finally the terminal post extension 13 is welded to the terminal post 12 of the single cell 11.

[0161] In order to ensure that the terminal extension 13 can uniformly provide clamping force to the insulating seal 6 and ensure the insulation and sealing performance of the insulating seal 6, in this embodiment, the insulating seal 6 includes a flexible insulating sealing ring 62 and a pressure ring 61. During assembly, the flexible insulating sealing ring 62 is first placed in the clearance hole 32; then the pressure ring 61 is placed on the flexible insulating sealing ring 62. The flexible insulating sealing ring 62 is a flexible stepped structure 21. The small diameter section of the stepped structure 21 extends into the clearance hole 32 and contacts the upper cover plate of the single cell 11, and the large diameter section of the stepped structure 21 is located outside the top plate 31 of the outer casing and contacts the top of the top plate 31 of the outer casing. The pressure ring 61 is a metal part.

[0162] In some other embodiments, the insulating seal 6 may also be an insulating seal layer disposed at the gap between the clearance hole 32 and the pole post 12 by a casting process.

[0163] from Figure 10 and Figure 11 As can be seen from this, in this embodiment of the battery pack, the connection method of each heat transfer pipe 2 is the same as that in embodiment 1, so as to achieve the effect that the temperature of each individual cell 11 in the battery component at different positions tends to be consistent.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that: Includes n battery components arranged along the first direction; The battery component includes a battery module and two heat transfer pipes; The battery module includes m individual cells arranged along the second direction; the positive terminals of the m individual cells are arranged on one side, forming the total positive terminal of the battery module; the negative terminals of the m individual cells are arranged on the other side, forming the total negative terminal of the battery module; where n and m are both integers greater than 1; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. Two heat transfer tubes are respectively installed on the main positive terminal and the main negative terminal of the battery module; each heat transfer tube has two mutually isolated sub-channels that extend along a second direction, and in the second direction, the two sub-channels are the same size as the heat transfer tube; each sub-channel serves as a coolant flow channel. In the n battery components, in one of the outermost heat transfer tubes along the first direction, the same side ports of the two sub-channels serve as the main liquid inlet and the main liquid outlet, respectively; in another outermost heat transfer tube along the first direction, the same side ports of the two sub-channels are connected in series to serve as loop turning nodes; in the remaining ports, the sub-channel ports of different heat transfer tubes are connected in series in a set order to form a closed liquid path from the main liquid inlet to the main liquid outlet. After entering the main inlet, the coolant flows through one sub-channel of each heat transfer tube in sequence, and then through another sub-channel of each heat transfer tube in sequence via the loop turning node, before flowing out from the main outlet.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Of the remaining ports, on the main liquid inlet and main liquid outlet sides, on different battery components, in the four sub-channels of adjacent heat transfer tubes, the ports of the two adjacent sub-channels in the middle position are connected in series, and the ports of the two sub-channels on the outer side are connected in series. On the side away from the main liquid inlet and main liquid outlet, on the same battery component, among the four sub-channels of adjacent heat transfer tubes, the ports of the two adjacent sub-channels in the middle position are connected in series, and the ports of the two sub-channels on the outer side are connected in series.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Of the remaining ports, on the main liquid inlet and main liquid outlet sides, on different battery components, in the four sub-channels of adjacent heat transfer tubes, the ports of two sub-channels that are alternately positioned are connected in series. On the side away from the main liquid inlet and main liquid outlet, on the same battery component, the ports of two alternate sub-channels in the four sub-channels of adjacent heat transfer tubes are connected in series.

4. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The battery component also includes a housing, with m individual cells arranged inside the housing, and the internal cavities of each individual cell interconnected. The top plate of the casing has clearance holes corresponding to the polarity terminals of each individual battery cell, and the polarity terminals extend out of the corresponding clearance holes; and the area of ​​the clearance holes corresponding to the top plate of the casing is fixedly sealed with the top cover of the individual battery cell.

5. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first through groove extending in a first direction is formed on the polar terminal, and a heat transfer tube is installed in the first through groove.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat transfer tube has a stepped structure on its outer wall along the first direction. The horizontal surface of the stepped structure is flush with the end face of the side wall of the first through groove. The stepped structure is welded together at the joint between the horizontal surface of the stepped structure and the end face of the side wall of the first through groove.

7. The battery pack according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The heat transfer tube is an electrical conductor, enabling multiple individual cells to be connected in parallel.

8. A heat transfer tube, characterized in that: It includes a tube body, and within the tube body, at least two mutually isolated sub-channels are provided along its length.

9. The heat transfer tube according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tube body is integrally formed using an aluminum extrusion process.

10. The heat transfer tube according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer wall of the heat transfer tube has a stepped structure along the first direction.

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