A rural decentralized wind power regional integrated monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of rural dispersed wind power area comprehensive monitoring system, it is related to new energy dispersed wind power field, the local monitoring subsystem of dispersed wind turbine in the system includes integrated in wind turbine nacelle electrical control cabinet and be set in wind turbine tower bottom local control unit, electrical control cabinet built-in PLC controller, local control unit communication connection wind turbine's nacelle equipment;Data acquisition and control transmission platform communication coupling dispersed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem, and integrated optical terminal and wireless communication interface, optical terminal is connected wind turbine by communication optical cable, wireless communication interface connects wireless communication networking equipment, and by remote wireless network access area remote centralized monitoring center, and by VPN private network communication connection remote centralized control big data host computer.The utility model solves the problem that existing monitoring system cannot be aimed at dispersed wind power and carry out area remote stable monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of distributed wind power generation in new energy, specifically to a rural distributed wind power area integrated monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, rural distributed wind power has shown rapid development, with the number of projects steadily increasing. However, rural distributed wind power still faces many challenges, such as land use, project approval, and grid connection issues, and its installed capacity remains relatively low.

[0003] Currently, distributed wind power in rural areas is generally limited to no more than 20MW per administrative village. In some densely populated villages with scarce land resources or low energy loads, only one or two turbines per village can be considered. Therefore, the following problems exist in distributed wind power areas: First, most existing monitoring systems are designed for centralized wind farms and do not fully consider the special characteristics of distributed wind power in rural areas, such as small single-station capacity, numerous grid connection points, and wide geographical distribution. Second, existing monitoring systems lack sufficient consideration for data security, lacking effective encryption and authentication mechanisms, which can easily lead to system security vulnerabilities. Third, existing monitoring systems often use a single communication method, which cannot adapt to the complex and varied rural terrain and network environment. Finally, existing monitoring systems are insufficient in the coordination between local control and remote monitoring, and cannot achieve independent and safe operation in the event of communication interruption.

[0004] Especially in rural distributed wind power scenarios, due to the wide distribution and large number of wind turbines, traditional monitoring systems struggle to effectively monitor and manage all of them. Furthermore, the relatively weak communication infrastructure in rural areas makes ensuring the stable operation of the monitoring system a pressing issue. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive monitoring system for rural distributed wind power areas to solve the problem that existing monitoring systems cannot provide stable monitoring for distributed wind power areas.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] Firstly, a rural distributed wind power regional integrated monitoring system includes: a distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem, a data acquisition and control transmission platform, communication optical cables, wireless communication networking equipment, a remote wireless network, a regional remote centralized monitoring center, a VPN private network, and a remote centralized control big data host; the distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem includes an electrical control cabinet integrated into the wind turbine nacelle and a local control unit located at the bottom of the wind turbine tower, the electrical control cabinet having a built-in PLC controller, and the local control unit communicatingly connected to the nacelle equipment of the wind turbine; the data acquisition and control transmission platform communicatively couples with the distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem and integrates an optical transceiver and a wireless communication interface, the optical transceiver being connected to the wind turbine via a communication optical cable, and the wireless communication interface being connected to the remote wireless network via the wireless communication networking equipment; the regional remote centralized monitoring center is connected to the remote wireless network and communicates with the remote centralized control big data host via a VPN private network.

[0008] In some implementations, the distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem further includes: a yaw control module, a pitch control module, a backup battery pack, and a braking module.

[0009] The PLC controller is electrically connected to the yaw control module, pitch control module, and braking module. The backup battery pack is located inside the wind turbine tower and is connected to the local control unit, electrical control cabinet, and braking module. The braking module is a hydraulic redundancy design.

[0010] In some implementations, the data acquisition and control transmission platform includes a wind turbine monitoring module, a power status monitoring module, and a transformer substation monitoring module;

[0011] The wind turbine monitoring module, power status monitoring module, and transformer substation monitoring module are all communicatively connected to the local control unit and electrically connected to the optical transceiver and wireless communication interface.

[0012] In some implementations, the wireless communication networking equipment uses LoRa or 5G communication to connect to a remote wireless network.

[0013] In some implementations, wind power areas with concentrated wind turbine generators are connected into a ring network via communication optical cables, and the ring network is connected to a regional remote centralized monitoring center. Wind power areas with dispersed wind turbine generators are connected to a remote wireless network via wireless communication networking equipment.

[0014] In some implementations, miniature vertical encryption authentication devices are deployed inside each distributed wind turbine and its transformer, and the regional remote centralized monitoring center has a distributed wind farm communication screen, in which the vertical encryption authentication devices are deployed.

[0015] In some implementations, the regional remote centralized monitoring center includes a central control center layer and a distributed wind farm area substation layer, with a data channel established between the central control center layer and the wind farm area substation layer.

[0016] In some implementations, the data acquisition and control transmission platform uses the AES-256 encryption algorithm and has a built-in intrusion detection system (IDS).

[0017] In some implementations, the local monitoring subsystem of the distributed wind turbine operates independently of the regional remote centralized monitoring center.

[0018] In some implementations, a box-type substation is installed inside the nacelle or tower of the wind turbine unit at the non-grid connection point, while a switch cabinet, protection equipment, and power supply equipment are installed inside the tower of the wind turbine unit at the grid connection point.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention utilizes a three-tiered architecture—a local monitoring subsystem, a data acquisition platform, and a remote monitoring center—to achieve comprehensive "point-line-area" monitoring from a single wind turbine to a regional cluster, addressing the monitoring blind spots caused by the small capacity and numerous grid-connected points of distributed wind power plants. Furthermore, optical transceivers connect to the wind turbines via optical cables, and wireless communication interfaces connect to a remote wireless network through wireless networking equipment, forming a dual-channel parallel system. This adapts to the complex terrain and weak communication infrastructure in rural areas, improving data transmission reliability. Finally, the regional remote centralized monitoring center connects to a remote centralized control big data host via a VPN private network, replacing traditional leased lines and reducing remote communication costs. In summary, this integrated monitoring system can stably monitor distributed wind power areas in rural regions.

[0021] Furthermore, the PLC controller integrates yaw, pitch, and braking modules to achieve localized closed-loop control, shorten response time, and avoid the risk of unit runaway due to remote communication delays. The hydraulically redundant braking module, in conjunction with the backup battery pack, can still safely shut down the unit when the main power fails, reducing the accident rate and solving emergency response problems during operation and maintenance.

[0022] Furthermore, the wind turbine monitoring module, power status monitoring module, and transformer substation monitoring module are all connected to the local control unit, which can improve the accuracy of fault prediction and reduce unplanned downtime.

[0023] Furthermore, the wireless communication networking equipment uses LoRa or 5G communication to connect to remote wireless networks. In remote or low-power scenarios, LoRa can cover a radius of up to 15km, and a single base station can cover dozens of wind turbines, reducing networking costs. In densely populated areas or scenarios requiring high-definition video surveillance, 5G provides high bandwidth and supports real-time data transmission.

[0024] Furthermore, wind power areas with concentrated wind turbines are connected into a ring network via communication optical cables to ensure communication stability in the core area; wind power areas with dispersed wind turbines are connected to a remote wireless network via wireless communication networking equipment, reducing construction difficulty and cost for single villages or areas with complex terrain. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rural distributed wind power area integrated monitoring system provided as an example.

[0026] In the diagram, 100 is the distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem; 200 is the data acquisition and control transmission platform; 310 is the communication optical cable; 320 is the wireless communication networking equipment; 330 is the remote wireless network; 340 is the VPN private network; 400 is the regional remote centralized monitoring center; and 500 is the remote centralized control big data host. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a rural distributed wind power regional integrated monitoring system, including: a distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem 100, a data acquisition and control transmission platform 200, a communication optical cable 310, a wireless communication networking device 320, a remote wireless network 330, a VPN private network 340, a regional remote centralized monitoring center 400, and a remote centralized control big data host 500.

[0033] The distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem 100 includes an electrical control cabinet integrated into the wind turbine nacelle and a local control unit located at the bottom of the wind turbine tower. The electrical control cabinet houses a built-in PLC controller, which is a Siemens S7-1200 series programmable controller, possessing high-speed data processing capabilities and abundant communication interfaces. The local control unit communicates with the wind turbine nacelle equipment via the Modbus TCP protocol to monitor the wind turbine's speed and operating conditions. According to pre-set operating strategies, the local control unit can automatically control the generator's start-up and shutdown, adjust the power factor, complete the monitoring and control of the wind turbine system during normal operation, monitor the integrity of the braking system and maintain its safety level, ensuring the wind turbine's normal grid connection and safe operation. The nacelle equipment includes wind speed and direction sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, vibration sensors, and generator condition monitoring devices. The local control unit forms a data interaction network with the nacelle equipment through a preset two-way communication interface. The local control unit connects to the wind speed and direction sensors to establish a real-time environmental parameter acquisition link. The local control unit connects to the temperature and humidity sensors through an RS-485 serial communication interface and forms a mechanical condition monitoring loop by connecting to the vibration sensor. In addition, the local control unit adopts a CAN bus architecture to achieve synchronous transmission of power electronic parameters with the generator condition monitoring device.

[0034] The distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem 100 also includes a yaw control module, a pitch control module, a backup battery pack, and a braking module. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the yaw control module via a digital output interface, to the pitch control module via an analog output interface, and to the braking module via a relay output interface. The yaw control module uses a servo motor drive system to adjust the rotor orientation in real time based on wind direction data. The pitch control module uses a hydraulic drive device to precisely control the blade angle, maximizing wind energy utilization. The backup battery pack is located inside the wind turbine tower, ensuring the local monitoring subsystem can operate continuously for ≥24 hours in the event of an external power outage. The backup battery pack is connected to the local control unit, electrical control cabinet, and braking module via a DC power line, ensuring safe operation of the system in emergencies. The braking module features a hydraulic redundancy design, including a main hydraulic braking system and a backup hydraulic braking system. These two systems operate independently; if one system fails, the other automatically takes over the braking function, ensuring the wind turbine can be safely shut down in extreme weather or emergencies.

[0035] Off-grid wind turbines have prefabricated substations installed inside the nacelle or tower. These substations use dry-type transformers, with capacity configured according to the wind turbine's rated power, and are equipped with overload protection, short-circuit protection, and temperature monitoring functions. Grid-connected wind turbines have switchgear, protection devices, and power supply equipment installed inside the tower. The switchgear uses vacuum circuit breakers, and the protection devices include overcurrent protection, overvoltage protection, and differential protection devices. The power supply equipment includes uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) and DC power systems to ensure reliable power supply to the control system.

[0036] The data acquisition and control transmission platform 200 is a communication-coupled distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem 100, using the industrial Ethernet protocol for data exchange. This platform integrates an optical transceiver and a wireless communication interface. The optical transceiver uses an industrial-grade photoelectric converter, supporting single-mode and multi-mode optical fibers, and connects to the wind turbine via a communication optical cable 310. The wireless communication interface supports multiple wireless communication protocols and connects to a remote wireless network 330 via a wireless communication networking device 320.

[0037] The data acquisition and control transmission platform 200 includes a wind turbine monitoring module, an energy status monitoring module, and a transformer substation monitoring module. The wind turbine monitoring module collects operating parameters of the wind turbine generator set, including speed, power, vibration, and temperature. The energy status monitoring module monitors electrical parameters such as generator output voltage, current, frequency, and power factor. The transformer substation monitoring module monitors the operating status of the transformer substation, including parameters such as transformer oil temperature, load rate, and winding temperature. All three modules are connected to the local control unit via industrial Ethernet communication and electrically connected to the optical transceiver and wireless communication interface via RS485 bus, enabling bidirectional data transmission. To protect the safety of the wind turbine generator set itself, as well as the normal operation and power supply quality of the power system, the wind turbine generator set is equipped with various abnormal protection devices. These devices can disconnect faulty equipment from the grid in the shortest possible time, limit the scope of the fault, and mitigate damage to the faulty equipment and adverse effects on the power grid. The wind turbine generator set is also equipped with various detection devices and transmitters, which can monitor the status of each wind turbine in real time. The monitoring results can be displayed on the screen of the device itself, the local control unit, and remotely via the communication network, and stored in the database of the local control unit and the regional remote centralized monitoring center 400.

[0038] The data acquisition and control transmission platform 200 employs the AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)-256 encryption algorithm. AES-256 is a symmetric encryption algorithm with a key length of 256 bits. It generates 14 subkeys by expanding the original key, forming a complex key arrangement system, and updates the keys periodically to ensure data transmission security. The platform also incorporates an Intrusion Detection System (IDS), which can monitor network traffic in real time, identify abnormal access and attack behaviors, and automatically trigger protective measures to enhance the system's security capabilities.

[0039] The wireless communication networking device 320 connects to the remote wireless network 330 using either LoRa or 5G communication. LoRa communication is suitable for long-distance, low-power scenarios, with a communication distance of up to 15 kilometers and a data transmission rate of 0.3-50kbps. 5G communication is suitable for high-speed data transmission scenarios, with transmission rates exceeding 1Gbps, meeting the needs of real-time video monitoring and large data transmission. Wind power areas with concentrated wind turbine distribution are connected into a ring network via communication optical cable 310. The ring network employs a redundant design, ensuring that a break at any point does not affect the communication of the entire network. The ring network connects to the regional remote centralized monitoring center 400, achieving high-speed and stable data transmission. Wind power areas with dispersed wind turbine distribution connect to the remote wireless network 330 via the wireless communication networking device 320, solving communication problems in areas with complex terrain.

[0040] Miniature vertical encryption authentication devices are deployed inside each distributed wind turbine and its transformer substation, supporting two-way authentication and data encryption to prevent unauthorized access and data theft. The regional remote centralized monitoring center 400 has distributed wind farm communication panels, in which vertical encryption authentication devices are deployed. These devices are paired with the miniature vertical encryption authentication devices at the wind turbine end to form a complete secure communication link.

[0041] The regional remote centralized monitoring center 400 is connected to the remote wireless network 330, using dedicated industrial-grade routers and firewall equipment to ensure network connection security and stability. The regional remote centralized monitoring center 400 communicates with the remote centralized control big data host 500 via a VPN private network 340.

[0042] The main functions of the regional remote centralized monitoring center 400 include data acquisition and control, online monitoring, and dispatch management. Data acquisition and control functions include: real-time wind turbine operation data acquisition and control, online wind turbine vibration monitoring data acquisition, real-time substation operation data acquisition and control, real-time transformer substation operation data acquisition and control, wind power prediction system data acquisition, power control system (AGC / AVC) data acquisition, protection and fault information substation data acquisition, and electricity metering information acquisition. Online monitoring functions include: monitoring of wind turbine data (graphical display, wind farm monitoring, single wind turbine monitoring), switchgear, transformer substation equipment, power prediction system, power control system, phasor measurement system, protection and fault information substation, and electricity metering. Dispatch management: The monitoring center dispatches various wind farms, considering a combination of the monitoring center, regional dispatch center, and provincial dispatch center. The final dispatch relationship is determined by the dispatch center. Accept and strictly execute dispatch orders issued by dispatching agencies at all levels; remotely control and dispatch equipment such as wind turbines, switches, and main transformers in distributed wind farms in various villages; promptly and accurately report production information and related data of the wind farms under its jurisdiction; report power outage plans for primary and secondary equipment according to the dispatching and management scope of different equipment in the wind farms under its jurisdiction; promptly report accidents or abnormal situations, and cooperate with dispatching agencies at all levels in handling accidents or abnormal situations.

[0043] The regional remote centralized monitoring center 400 comprises a two-tiered architecture: a centralized control center layer and distributed wind farm area substation layers. The centralized control center layer, equipped with high-performance servers, a large-screen display system, and operator workstations, is responsible for the centralized monitoring and scheduling of the entire regional wind farm. The distributed wind farm area substation layers, equipped with data acquisition servers and communication management equipment, are responsible for data acquisition and control of wind turbines within specific areas. Data channels are established between the centralized control center layer and the wind farm area substation layers for data exchange, enabling hierarchical management. The database adopts a fully distributed architecture. During control operations, a unified network communication program and operating mode are required, along with various hardware and software architectures to enable real-time monitoring of distributed wind farms from the central control center's main control level. The system consists of: one engineer workstation, primarily for system maintenance and program modification at the central control center; one station manager workstation, facilitating human-machine interaction between dispatchers at the central control center and the wind farm monitoring system; four operator workstations, enabling human-machine interaction between central control center staff and various devices in the wind farm monitoring system; two historical database servers, configured with redundancy and disk arrays, to effectively store large amounts of data during central control center equipment operation and provide historical data query and retrieval services; and a real-time database server, used to collect and process real-time data from the wind farms and provide relevant real-time data to the dispatch and operator workstations.

[0044] The distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem 100 and the regional remote centralized monitoring center 400 operate independently. The distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem 100 has complete autonomous control capabilities, ensuring the safe operation of the wind turbines even if communication with the regional remote centralized monitoring center 400 is interrupted. The regional remote centralized monitoring center 400 is responsible for the coordinated control and optimized scheduling of the entire regional wind farm. The two work together to form a complete monitoring system.

[0045] To achieve remote production monitoring, comprehensive data analysis, and unified operation and maintenance management of regionally managed new energy power plants, and to provide a digital management platform for large-scale regional maintenance, optimized resource allocation, and improved production management efficiency, this system transforms the current decentralized and flat production management model into a regionalized and intensive lean production management model. It addresses issues such as excessive management entities, unreasonable resource allocation, low management efficiency, and limited economic growth by setting up a remote centralized control big data host 500. The remote centralized control big data host 500 realizes all functions of monitoring, analysis, and operation and maintenance management of the regional remote centralized monitoring center 400. It facilitates the scheduling, remote real-time monitoring, and overall arrangement of equipment maintenance work for distributed wind farms in various villages, as well as the statistics, analysis, and reporting. In the long term, it will be able to automatically / manually remotely control each power farm under its jurisdiction according to dispatch instructions from the dispatch terminal. Operators at the monitoring center can remotely monitor, control, and dispatch equipment centrally. The system should have interface capabilities with power dispatching, operation monitoring, statistical analysis, fault diagnosis, reporting, web publishing, and video management functions.

[0046] The automated system of the regional remote centralized monitoring center 400 is divided into security zones I, II, and III. By adding dedicated data acquisition gateways, network communication equipment, secondary security protection equipment for network boundaries, and comprehensive protection equipment, each business subsystem is connected to the front-end acquisition system. The main information of all on-site equipment is sent to the remote centralized control big data host 500 through the VPN private network channel 340. It makes full use of efficient data transmission modes such as "instantaneous transmission, periodic transmission, and call transmission" to realize data acquisition, transmission, and unified monitoring.

[0047] In the design of the rural distributed wind power regional integrated monitoring system, the communication channel from the regional remote centralized monitoring center (400) to the remote centralized control big data host (500) must use a point-to-point VPN private network (340 channel). Alternatively, the system's remote communication link can utilize a leased data network channel from the power grid company, with longitudinal encryption devices certified by authoritative institutions added at both ends to meet national requirements for power energy communication security. The rural distributed wind power regional integrated monitoring system is divided into two parts: a production control area (real-time Zone I and non-real-time Zone II) and a management information area (Zone III). The production control area and the management information area each use independent master-slave network channels. Strengthening the boundary protection of the rural distributed wind power regional integrated monitoring system and enhancing the inspection, maintenance, and management of the power monitoring system's computer equipment are crucial to ensuring the safe operation of the equipment.

[0048] The rural distributed wind power regional integrated monitoring system provided in this embodiment can be applied to scenarios where project sites are relatively dispersed and have good power absorption, such as rural distributed projects with one or two turbines per village, and rural distributed wind power projects with multi-point distributed grid connection through 10kV or 35kV voltage levels.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A comprehensive monitoring system for rural distributed wind power areas, characterized in that, include: Distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem (100), data acquisition and control transmission platform (200), communication optical cable (310), wireless communication networking equipment (320), remote wireless network (330), regional remote centralized monitoring center (400), VPN private network (340) and remote centralized control big data host (500). The distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem (100) includes an electrical control cabinet integrated into the wind turbine nacelle and a local control unit located at the bottom of the wind turbine tower. The electrical control cabinet has a built-in PLC controller, and the local control unit is communicatively connected to the nacelle equipment of the wind turbine. The data acquisition and control transmission platform (200) is connected to the distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem (100) and integrates an optical transceiver and a wireless communication interface. The optical transceiver is connected to the wind turbine through a communication optical cable (310), and the wireless communication interface is connected to a remote wireless network (330) through a wireless communication networking device (320). The regional remote centralized monitoring center (400) accesses the remote wireless network (330) and communicates with the remote centralized control big data host (500) through the VPN private network (340).

2. The rural distributed wind power area integrated monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem (100) also includes: a yaw control module, a pitch control module, a backup battery pack, and a braking module. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the yaw control module, pitch control module and braking module. The backup battery pack is located inside the wind turbine tower and is connected to the local control unit, electrical control cabinet and braking module. The braking module is a hydraulic redundancy design.

3. The rural distributed wind power area integrated monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition and control transmission platform (200) includes a wind turbine monitoring module, a power status monitoring module, and a transformer substation monitoring module; The wind turbine monitoring module, power status monitoring module, and transformer substation monitoring module are all communicatively connected to the local control unit and electrically connected to the optical transceiver and wireless communication interface.

4. The rural distributed wind power area integrated monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless communication networking device (320) connects to the remote wireless network (330) using LoRa or 5G communication.

5. A rural distributed wind power area integrated monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind power areas where the wind turbines are concentrated are connected into a ring network by communication optical cable (310), and the ring network is connected to the regional remote centralized monitoring center (400). The wind power areas where the wind turbines are dispersed are connected to a remote wireless network (330) by wireless communication networking equipment (320).

6. A rural distributed wind power area integrated monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the distributed wind turbine units and their transformer substations is equipped with a miniature vertical encryption authentication device. The regional remote centralized monitoring center (400) has a distributed wind farm communication screen, and the vertical encryption authentication device is deployed in the distributed wind farm communication screen.

7. A rural distributed wind power area integrated monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The regional remote centralized monitoring center (400) includes a centralized control center layer and a distributed wind farm area substation layer, and a data channel is established between the centralized control center layer and the wind farm area substation layer.

8. A rural distributed wind power area integrated monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition and control transmission platform (200) adopts the AES-256 encryption algorithm and has a built-in IDS.

9. A rural distributed wind power area integrated monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distributed wind turbine local monitoring subsystem (100) and the regional remote centralized monitoring center (400) operate independently of each other.

10. A rural distributed wind power area integrated monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that, For wind turbines not connected to the grid, a transformer substation is installed inside the nacelle or tower. For wind turbines connected to the grid, a switchgear, protection equipment, and power supply equipment are installed inside the tower.

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