High-efficiency no-tillage fertilizing and seeding machine

Abstract

The application discloses a high-efficiency no-tillage fertilizing seeder and belongs to the technical field of seeders. The seeder comprises a device frame, a traction frame, a protective cover and a storage tank are fixedly arranged on the device frame, a rotary tillage assembly and a plurality of trench type feeders are connected and installed on the device frame through a driving mechanism, a seed discharging mechanism is connected and installed on the storage tank through the trench type feeders, the problems of low efficiency and poor quality of the existing agricultural planting and seeding operation are solved, the soil rotary tillage, the seeding pit excavation, the seed stirring, the accurate seeding and the soil leveling and pressing are integrated, the whole operation process of the no-tillage seeding can be completed, the depth and the position of the shovel plate can be accurately controlled, the seeds can be uniformly spread in the suitable soil depth, the feeding blockage phenomenon is avoided, the accurate seeding is realized, the germination rate and the survival rate of the seeds are improved, the equipment investment and the operation links are greatly reduced, the efficiency of the seeding is obviously improved, and the time and the manpower cost are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of seeders, and more specifically, to a high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional agricultural planting, sowing operations typically require multiple independent processes and agricultural machinery. These include tilling, land preparation, sowing, and subsequent covering and compaction of the sown soil. This multi-process, multi-equipment approach is not only inefficient but also labor-intensive, increasing the cost and time of agricultural production. Existing sowing equipment suffers from problems such as uneven seed mixing, inconsistent sowing depth, and poor soil-seed contact, which affect seed germination and survival rates, thereby impacting crop yield and quality. Therefore, we propose a high-efficiency no-till fertilization seeder. Utility Model Content

[0003] 1. Technical problems to be solved

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder that solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art and realizes the problems of low efficiency and poor quality of sowing operations in existing agricultural planting processes. Through the coordinated operation of a series of transmission mechanisms and working parts, it realizes the integrated operation of soil rotary tillage, sowing pit digging, seed mixing, precision sowing and soil leveling and compaction, which greatly improves the technical effect of sowing efficiency and quality.

[0005] 2. Technical Solution

[0006] This application provides a high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder, comprising: an equipment frame, on which a traction frame, a protective cover and a storage box are fixedly mounted; the equipment frame is linked to a rotary tillage component and multiple shovel-type feeders via a drive mechanism; and a seed dispensing mechanism is linked to the storage box via the shovel-type feeders.

[0007] The rotary tillage assembly includes a second rotating shaft, on which a plurality of mounting discs are fixedly mounted, and on which a plurality of L-shaped blades are mounted;

[0008] The shovel-type feeder includes a guide cylinder and a third rotating shaft. The guide cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the storage box. A piston rod is slidably sleeved inside the guide cylinder. A shovel arm is rotatably hinged to the bottom end of the piston rod. A shovel plate is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the shovel arm. The shovel arm is driven by a crankshaft structure.

[0009] The seed dispensing mechanism includes a fourth rotating shaft and a stirring shaft. The ends of the fourth rotating shaft and the stirring shaft are fixedly provided with a first gear and a second gear that are meshed together. The fourth rotating shaft is driven by a second sprocket assembly connected to the crankshaft structure. The stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the storage box. Multiple discharge shells are fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the storage box. The fourth rotating shaft is located in each discharge shell and is driven by a feeding disc. A seed conveying pipe is connected between the discharge shell and the shovel arm.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the agricultural tractor equipment acts as a power source to drive the drive mechanism and transmit power to the second rotating shaft and crankshaft structure. The rotation of the second rotating shaft causes the L-shaped blades on the mounting plate to perform rotary tillage on the soil, chopping, mixing and slightly loosening the soil to create good soil conditions for subsequent sowing. The cam in the crankshaft structure pushes the shovel arm and piston rod to move up and down along the guide cylinder. When the shovel arm moves downward, the shovel plate inserts into the soil to form a sowing pit. The crankshaft structure transmits power to the fourth rotating shaft and stirring shaft through the second sprocket assembly. The stirring shaft continuously stirs the seeds in the storage box, so that the seeds in the storage box can be thoroughly mixed with fertilizer, and prevents seed accumulation and blockage, ensuring that the seeds can fall evenly into the discharge shell. The fourth rotating shaft drives the discharge plate located in each discharge shell to rotate, intermittently discharging the seeds in the discharge shell into the sowing pit through the pipe. The shovel arm moves downward once, and the seeds are discharged once. This is repeated to complete the efficient sowing operation and the entire no-till fertilization sowing process.

[0011] Optionally, the equipment frame is rotatably mounted with two front excavating wheels via a front shaft, and the equipment frame is rotatably mounted with two rear rollers via a rear shaft.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the front breaking wheel initially breaks up the soil in front of the equipment during its forward movement, while the rear rollers level and compact the soil, ensuring the overall device has high mobility and improving the soil treatment effect.

[0013] Optionally, two rotating plates are rotatably connected between the rear rollers via a shaft, and a pressure roller is rotatably mounted between the rotating plates via a shaft.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the covering roller is mounted on the shaft between the rollers using two rotating plates, so that the covering roller can always be in contact with the ground and use the covering roller to cover and compact the soil.

[0015] Optionally, the drive mechanism includes a bracket fixedly mounted on a device frame. A main shaft and a first rotating shaft are rotatably mounted on the bracket. The main shaft and the first rotating shaft intersect vertically. A driving bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the main shaft, and a driven bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft. The driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are meshed together. A belt mechanism is drivingly connected between the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft. A first sprocket assembly is drivingly connected between the first rotating shaft and the crankshaft structure.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the transmission shaft of the agricultural tractor drives the main shaft to rotate, and the active bevel gear drives the passive bevel gear and the first rotating shaft to rotate, so that the belt mechanism and the first sprocket assembly rotate continuously.

[0017] Optionally, on the second rotating shaft rotatably connected equipment frame, the mounting plate is evenly provided with multiple L-shaped blades along the circumference, and the L-shaped blades are fixed to the mounting plate by bolts.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the second rotating shaft rotates, the high-speed rotation of the mounting plate allows for soil loosening through multiple L-shaped blades on the mounting plate, preparing for subsequent pit shoveling.

[0019] Optionally, the crankshaft structure includes multiple third rotating shafts, with a cam fixedly provided at the connection end of each two adjacent third rotating shafts, and the cams are rotatably connected to the shovel arm via shafts at the edges, and the third rotating shafts at both ends are rotatably connected to the equipment frame.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, each shovel arm is hinged between two cams via a shaft, and multiple third rotating shafts are set coaxially, which can achieve the effect of synchronous rotation of multiple cams, and realize the crankshaft connecting rod movement in conjunction with the shovel arm, piston rod and guide cylinder.

[0021] Optionally, a guide tube is fixedly provided on the shovel arm, and a flexible tube is threaded between the bottom end of the feed tray and the upper end of the guide tube.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the flexible tube is made of a retractable corrugated tube, which is used to transport the seeds in the discharge shell into the guide tube, ensuring the smooth transport of the seeds and avoiding sowing failures caused by pipe deformation or breakage.

[0023] Optionally, the fourth rotating shaft is rotatably connected to multiple discharge shells, an arc-shaped inoculation groove is provided on the edge of the feeding tray, and multiple stirring rods are fixedly provided in the storage box of the stirring shaft.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the fourth rotating shaft rotates, seeds can be intermittently conveyed from the corresponding discharge shell through the feeding tray equipped with an arc-shaped inoculation groove. Each time the shovel arm moves downward, the seeds in the guide tube complete one sowing and conveying action. This process is repeated to complete an efficient sowing operation. When the stirring shaft rotates, the seeds in the storage box can be evenly stirred by multiple stirring rods to avoid material blockage.

[0025] 3. Beneficial effects

[0026] The technical solutions provided in this application, including one or more, have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This device integrates multiple processes such as soil rotary tillage, seed pit excavation, seed mixing, precision sowing, and soil leveling and compaction into one unit. All no-till sowing operations can be completed with a single device, greatly reducing equipment investment and operational steps in agricultural production, significantly improving sowing efficiency, and saving time and labor costs. Through the crankshaft structure driving the shovel arm and piston rod to slide along the guide cylinder, the depth and position of the shovel plate can be accurately controlled, ensuring that seeds are evenly sown at the appropriate soil depth. The design of the mixing shaft and mixing rod ensures that the seeds are evenly mixed in the storage box, preventing seed accumulation and blockage, allowing the seeds to be smoothly transported to the seed pit through the discharge shell and flexible tube, achieving precision sowing, improving seed germination rate and survival rate, and thus ensuring crop yield and quality. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment frame structure of a high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 This application discloses a preferred embodiment of a high-efficiency no-till fertilizer planter, including a rotary tillage component, a shovel-type feeder, and a seed dispensing mechanism.

[0030] Figure 4 A high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder is disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application. Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the storage box of a high-efficiency no-till fertilizer planter disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 6 A high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder is disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application. Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B;

[0033] Explanation of the numbers in the diagram: 1. Equipment frame; 11. Rear roller; 12. Front breaking wheel; 2. Protective cover; 3. Traction frame; 4. Drive mechanism; 41. Main shaft; 42. Support; 43. Driving bevel gear; 44. Driven bevel gear; 45. First rotating shaft; 46. First sprocket assembly; 47. Belt mechanism; 5. Rotary tillage assembly; 51. Second rotating shaft; 52. Mounting plate; 53. L-shaped blade; 6. Shovel-type feeding device. 61. Guide cylinder; 62. Piston rod; 63. Shovel arm; 64. Shovel plate; 65. Third rotating shaft; 66. Cam; 67. Guide tube; 7. Seed dispensing mechanism; 71. Second sprocket assembly; 72. Fourth rotating shaft; 73. First gear; 74. Second gear; 75. Stirring shaft; 751. Stirring rod; 77. Feeding tray; 78. Flexible tube; 79. Discharge shell; 8. Storage box; 9. Overlapping roller; 91. Rotating plate. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 6 This application provides a high-efficiency no-till fertilizer planter, comprising: an equipment frame 1, a traction frame 3, a protective cover 2 and a storage box 8 fixedly mounted on the equipment frame 1, a rotary tillage component 5 and multiple shovel-type feeders 6 being linked and installed on the equipment frame 1 through a drive mechanism 4, and a seed dispensing mechanism 7 being linked and installed on the storage box 8 through the shovel-type feeders 6.

[0036] The rotary tillage assembly 5 includes a second rotating shaft 51, on which a plurality of mounting discs 52 are fixedly mounted, and on which a plurality of L-shaped blades 53 are mounted;

[0037] The shovel-type feeder 6 includes a guide cylinder 61 and a third rotating shaft 65. The guide cylinder 61 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the storage box 8. A piston rod 62 is slidably sleeved inside the guide cylinder 61. A shovel arm 63 is rotatably hinged to the bottom end of the piston rod 62. A shovel plate 64 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the shovel arm 63. The shovel arm 63 is driven by a crankshaft structure.

[0038] The seed dispensing mechanism 7 includes a fourth rotating shaft 72 and a stirring shaft 75. The ends of the fourth rotating shaft 72 and the stirring shaft 75 are fixedly equipped with a meshing first gear 73 and a second gear 74. A second sprocket assembly 71 is driven between the fourth rotating shaft 72 and the crankshaft structure. The stirring shaft 75 is rotatably connected to the storage box 8. Multiple discharge shells 79 are fixedly fitted to the bottom of the storage box 8. A feeding disc 77 is driven within each discharge shell 79. A seed conveying pipe connects the discharge shell 79 to the shovel arm 63. The agricultural tractor equipment acts as a power source, driving the drive mechanism 4 and transmitting power to the second rotating shaft 51 and the crankshaft structure. The rotation of the second rotating shaft 51 causes the L-shaped blades 53 on the mounting disc 52 to perform rotary tillage on the soil, chopping, mixing, and slightly loosening the soil to create favorable conditions for subsequent sowing. Under suitable soil conditions, the cam 66 in the crankshaft structure pushes the shovel arm 63 and piston rod 62 to move up and down along the guide cylinder 61. When the shovel arm 63 moves downward, the shovel plate 64 inserts into the soil to form a sowing pit. The crankshaft structure transmits power to the fourth rotating shaft 72 and the stirring shaft 75 through the second sprocket assembly 71. The stirring shaft 75 continuously stirs the seeds in the storage box 8, so that the seeds in the storage box 8 can be thoroughly and evenly mixed with the fertilizer, and prevents the seeds from accumulating and clogging, ensuring that the seeds can fall evenly into the discharge shell 79. The fourth rotating shaft 72 drives the discharge plate 77 located in each discharge shell 79 to rotate, intermittently discharging the seeds in the discharge shell 79 into the sowing pit through the pipe. The shovel arm 63 moves downward once, and the seeds are discharged once. This process is repeated to complete the efficient sowing operation and the entire no-till fertilization sowing process.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The equipment frame 1 has two front breaking wheels 12 mounted on the front via a shaft, and two rear rollers 11 mounted on the rear via a shaft. The front breaking wheels 11 are used to initially break the soil in front of the equipment during its forward movement, while the rear rollers 12 are used to level and compact the soil, ensuring the overall device has high mobility and improving the soil treatment effect.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Two rotating plates 91 are rotatably connected between the rear rollers 11. A covering roller 9 is rotatably mounted between the rotating plates 91 via a shaft. The covering roller 9 is rotatably mounted on the shaft between the rear rollers 11 using the two rotating plates 91, so that the covering roller 9 can always be in contact with the ground and use the covering roller 9 to cover and press the soil.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4The drive mechanism 4 includes a bracket 42, which is fixedly mounted on the equipment frame 1. A main shaft 41 and a first rotating shaft 45 are rotatably mounted on the bracket 42. The main shaft 41 and the first rotating shaft 45 are perpendicularly intersecting each other. A driving bevel gear 43 is fixedly mounted on the main shaft 41, and a driven bevel gear 44 is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft 45. The driving bevel gear 43 and the driven bevel gear 44 are meshed together. A belt mechanism 47 is connected between the first rotating shaft 45 and the second rotating shaft 51. A first sprocket assembly 46 is connected between the first rotating shaft 45 and the crankshaft structure. The drive shaft of the agricultural tractor drives the main shaft 41 to rotate, and the driving bevel gear 43 drives the driven bevel gear 44 and the first rotating shaft 45 to rotate, so that the belt mechanism 47 and the first sprocket assembly 46 rotate continuously.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second rotating shaft 51 is rotatably connected to the equipment frame 1. Multiple L-shaped blades 53 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the mounting plate 52, and the L-shaped blades 53 are fixed to the mounting plate 52 by bolts. When the second rotating shaft 51 rotates, the mounting plate 52 rotates at high speed, and the multiple L-shaped blades 53 on the mounting plate 52 can be used to loosen the soil by rotary tillage, in preparation for subsequent pit shoveling.

[0043] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 The crankshaft structure includes multiple third rotating shafts 65. Each of the connecting ends of two adjacent third rotating shafts 65 is fixed with a cam 66. The cams 66 are rotatably connected to the shovel arm 63 via shafts at their edges. The third rotating shafts 65 at both ends are rotatably connected to the equipment frame 1. Each shovel arm 63 is rotatably hinged between two cams 66 via shafts. The multiple third rotating shafts 65 are coaxially arranged, which can realize the synchronous rotation of multiple cams 66, and cooperate with the shovel arm 63, piston rod 62 and guide cylinder 61 to realize the crankshaft connecting rod movement.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 A guide tube 67 is fixedly installed on the shovel arm 63. A flexible tube 78 is threaded between the bottom end of the feeding disc 77 and the upper end of the guide tube 67. The flexible tube 78 is a retractable corrugated tube. Its function is to transport the seeds in the discharge shell 79 into the guide tube 67 to ensure the smooth transport of the seeds and avoid sowing failures caused by pipe deformation or breakage.

[0045] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6The fourth rotating shaft 72 is rotatably connected to multiple discharge shells 79. An arc-shaped inoculation groove is provided on the edge of the feeding tray 77. The stirring shaft 75 is located inside the storage box 8 and is fixed with multiple stirring rods 751. When the fourth rotating shaft 72 rotates, seeds can be intermittently conveyed from the corresponding discharge shell 79 through the feeding tray 77 with the arc-shaped inoculation groove. The shovel arm 63 moves downward once, and the seeds in the guide tube 67 complete one sowing and conveying action. This is repeated to complete the efficient sowing operation. When the stirring shaft 75 rotates, the seeds in the storage box 8 can be evenly stirred by the multiple stirring rods 751 to avoid material blockage.

[0046] Working principle: The tractor moves forward via the traction frame 3. The drive shaft of the tractor rotates the main shaft 41, which in turn drives the driven bevel gear 44 via the active bevel gear 43. This causes the first shaft 45 to rotate via a belt mechanism, which in turn drives the second shaft 51 to rotate. This causes multiple mounting discs 52 to rotate, and the L-shaped blades 53 then perform rotary tillage on the soil, chopping, mixing, and slightly loosening it to prepare for subsequent sowing. Simultaneously, the first shaft 45 drives the crankshaft structure to rotate via the first sprocket assembly 46. During the rotation of the multiple third shafts 65 in the crankshaft structure, the cams 66 continuously push the shovel arm 63 and piston rod 62 up and down along the guide cylinder 61. When the shovel arm 63 moves downward, the shovel plate 64 inserts into the soil to form a sowing hole. At the same time, as the crankshaft structure rotates, power is transmitted to the fourth shaft via the second sprocket assembly 71. 72. When the fourth rotating shaft 72 rotates, it meshes with the first gear 73 and the second gear 74, causing the stirring shaft 75, which is equipped with multiple stirring rods 751, to rotate. This continuously stirs the seeds in the storage box 8, preventing seed accumulation and blockage, and ensuring that the seeds fall evenly into the discharge shell 79. The feeding disc 77 located in each discharge shell 79 of the fourth rotating shaft 72 also rotates accordingly, feeding the seeds in the discharge shell 79 into the flexible tube 78 through the arc-shaped inoculation groove. Then, the seed is transported to the sowing pit by the guide tube 67. As the shovel arm 63 moves downward once, the seed in the guide tube 67 completes one sowing and conveying action. This process is repeated to complete the efficient sowing operation. The front soil-breaking wheel 11 initially breaks up the soil in front of the equipment during its forward movement, while the rear roller 12 and the covering roller 9 level and compact the soil after the operation, ensuring close contact between the soil and the seeds, thus completing the entire no-till fertilization sowing process.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder, characterized in that: Includes: equipment frame (1), on which a traction frame (3), a protective cover (2) and a storage box (8) are fixedly installed; the equipment frame (1) is connected to a rotary tillage component (5) and multiple shovel-type feeders (6) through a drive mechanism (4); the storage box (8) is connected to a seed dispensing mechanism (7) through the shovel-type feeders (6). The rotary tillage assembly (5) includes a second rotating shaft (51), on which a plurality of mounting discs (52) are fixedly mounted, and on which a plurality of L-shaped blades (53) are mounted. The shovel-type feeder (6) includes a guide cylinder (61) and a third rotating shaft (65). The guide cylinder (61) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the storage box (8). A piston rod (62) is slidably sleeved inside the guide cylinder (61). A shovel arm (63) is rotatably hinged to the bottom end of the piston rod (62). A shovel plate (64) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the shovel arm (63). The shovel arm (63) is connected to a crankshaft structure for transmission. The seed dispensing mechanism (7) includes a fourth rotating shaft (72) and a stirring shaft (75). The ends of the fourth rotating shaft (72) and the stirring shaft (75) are fixedly provided with a first gear (73) and a second gear (74) that are meshed together. The fourth rotating shaft (72) is connected to the crankshaft structure by a second sprocket assembly (71). The stirring shaft (75) is rotatably connected to the storage box (8). The bottom of the storage box (8) is fixedly fitted with multiple discharge shells (79). The fourth rotating shaft (72) is located in each discharge shell (79) and is connected to a feeding plate (77). The discharge shell (79) is connected to the shovel arm (63) by a seed conveying pipe.

2. The high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front part of the equipment frame (1) is rotatably mounted with two front earth-breaking wheels (12) via a shaft, and the rear part of the equipment frame (1) is rotatably mounted with two rear rollers (11) via a shaft.

3. The high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rear rollers (11) are rotatably connected by two rotating plates (91), and a pressure roller (9) is rotatably installed between the rotating plates (91) via a shaft.

4. A high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (4) includes a bracket (42), which is fixedly mounted on the equipment frame (1). A main shaft (41) and a first rotating shaft (45) are rotatably mounted on the bracket (42). The main shaft (41) and the first rotating shaft (45) are perpendicularly intersecting each other. An active bevel gear (43) is fixedly mounted on the main shaft (41), and a passive bevel gear (44) is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft (45). The active bevel gear (43) and the passive bevel gear (44) are meshed and connected. A belt mechanism (47) is connected between the first rotating shaft (45) and the second rotating shaft (51). A first sprocket assembly (46) is connected between the first rotating shaft (45) and the crankshaft structure.

5. A high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second rotating shaft (51) is rotatably connected to the equipment frame (1). The mounting plate (52) is evenly arranged with multiple L-shaped blades (53) along the circumference, and the L-shaped blades (53) are fixed to the mounting plate (52) by bolts.

6. A high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crankshaft structure includes multiple third rotating shafts (65). A cam (66) is fixedly provided at the connection end of each of the two adjacent third rotating shafts (65). The cams (66) are rotatably connected to the shovel arm (63) via shafts at the edges. The third rotating shafts (65) at both ends are rotatably connected to the equipment frame (1).

7. A high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shovel arm (63) is fixedly provided with a guide tube (67), and a flexible tube (78) is threaded between the bottom end of the feed plate (77) and the upper end of the guide tube (67).

8. A high-efficiency no-till fertilizing seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fourth rotating shaft (72) is rotatably connected to multiple discharge shells (79), and an arc-shaped inoculation groove is provided on the edge of the feeding tray (77). The stirring shaft (75) is located inside the storage box (8) and multiple stirring rods (751) are fixedly provided.

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