A drilling fluid purification and desanding centrifuge
By combining a rotating screen cylinder and a filter screen, and utilizing centrifugal force and a negative pressure pump, the problems of low efficiency and easy clogging of drilling fluid purification and desanding equipment are solved, achieving efficient screening and filtration.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XINXIANG PETROLEUM LIFTING MASCH FACTORY
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing drilling fluid purification and desanding equipment is inefficient and its screens are prone to clogging, making it difficult to efficiently process sand and gravel particles of varying sizes.
It adopts a combination structure of rotating screen and filter screen, using centrifugal force to screen large particles of sand and gravel, and combining negative pressure pump and auger blades to achieve efficient filtration of fine particles and reduce clogging.
It improves screening efficiency, reduces filter clogging, and ensures efficient purification of drilling fluid.
Smart Images
Figure CN224370911U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of drilling fluid purification technology, and in particular relates to a drilling fluid purification and sand removal centrifuge. Background Technology
[0002] Drilling fluid, also known as flushing fluid, is an essential circulating medium in drilling operations, the "blood" of drilling. Drilling fluids can be classified according to their composition into water-based mud, water-based mud, non-water-based mud (generally called oil-based mud), and gas drilling fluids. After use, drilling fluid will produce certain solid sand and gravel particles. The size of these particles varies greatly, which not only affects the normal use of drilling fluid but also the safety of workers. Therefore, vibrating screens or centrifuges are generally used to screen and filter the sand and gravel particles. However, both vibrating screens and centrifuges suffer from low efficiency and poor processing quality when handling sand and gravel particles with large size differences. Moreover, in the current technology, the purification and impurity removal process of drilling fluid is prone to clogging of the screen and inconvenience in cleaning impurities. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the technical problems of inconvenient sand removal and easy clogging of screens in existing drilling fluid purification, this utility model provides a drilling fluid purification and sand removal centrifuge, including a horizontally arranged cylindrical body with several supporting legs fixed at the bottom. Inside the cylinder is a sieve cylinder with a frustum shape, and the left end of the sieve cylinder is open as a feed inlet. Both ends of the sieve cylinder can be rotatably mounted at both ends of the cylinder, and the left end of the cylinder is provided with a rotating mechanism for driving the sieve cylinder to rotate. The rotating mechanism includes a gear assembly, which includes a driven gear mounted on the left end of the screen cylinder. A motor bracket is fixed to the left end of the cylinder, and a driving gear is rotatably mounted on the motor bracket. The driving gear meshes with the driven gear. A rotary motor is fixed to the left end of the motor bracket, and the power output shaft of the rotary motor is connected to the driving gear. Several material discharge holes are provided at the right end of the screen cylinder along the circumference of the screen cylinder. A first discharge port is provided on the cylinder below the material discharge holes, and a second discharge port is provided at the middle of the bottom end of the cylinder. When the rotary motor is started, the rotary motor drives the screen cylinder to rotate. Larger particles of sand and gravel are blocked inside the screen cylinder and then move to the right side of the cylinder and are discharged from the cylinder through the material discharge holes and the first discharge port. Smaller particles of sand and gravel are thrown onto the inner wall of the cylinder under the action of centrifugal force and then discharged from the cylinder through the second discharge port. A horizontally mounted support platform is fixed to the legs below the cylinder, providing support. An open-topped tank is fixed to the top of the support platform, and a semi-circular filter screen is fixed to the lower part of the tank's interior. The filter screen's mesh diameter is smaller than that of the screen cylinder, enabling secondary screening of the drilling fluid to separate finer sand and gravel particles, improving screening quality. A horizontally mounted support shaft is located above the filter screen, with both ends rotatably mounted on the tank. The support shaft has auger blades that match the filter screen. A drive motor is located at the left end of the tank, with its power output shaft connected to the support shaft. A third discharge port is located at the bottom right end of the tank, equipped with a solenoid valve. The drive motor drives the auger blades to rotate, conveying the accumulated sand and gravel particles from the filter screen and reducing clogging. The tank has a drain port on the right end and a vent on the left end, located below the filter screen. A negative pressure pump is located on the top left side of the support platform, connected to the vent via a hose. The rotary motor, drive motor, negative pressure pump, water pump, and solenoid valve are all connected to the power supply and PLC controller via cables. The negative pressure pump reduces the pressure at the bottom of the tank, accelerating the filtration efficiency of the drilling fluid. Under negative pressure, the drilling fluid quickly passes through the filter holes on the filter screen, while fine sand and gravel particles are blocked on the filter screen and discharged from the tank through the third discharge port under the propulsion of the auger blades. This improves filtration efficiency and reduces the clogging of the filter screen by sand and gravel particles.
[0004] Preferably, the cylinder is provided with a collection platform to facilitate the accumulation of liquid in the middle of the cylinder.
[0005] Preferably, the diameter of the material discharge hole is larger than the diameter of the screen hole of the screen cylinder.
[0006] Preferably, a water pump is provided at the right end of the support platform, and the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the drain outlet via a hose.
[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the tank is provided with a liquid collection tank, the drain outlet is located at the right end of the liquid collection tank, and the vent is located on the upper side of the liquid collection tank.
[0008] The above scheme has the following advantages:
[0009] The screen cylinder and rotating mechanism are designed so that the rotating mechanism drives the screen cylinder to rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, small particles of sand and drilling fluid inside the screen cylinder are thrown out of the screen cylinder, achieving the first screening and separating out large particles of sand and gravel. Compared with vibrating screens, this method is more efficient. The filter screen and negative pressure pump are designed so that, under the action of negative pressure, the drilling fluid on the filter screen can quickly pass through the filter screen and fall to the bottom of the tank, improving screening efficiency. The auger blades installed above the filter screen, driven by the drive motor, can push the sand and gravel particles accumulated on the filter screen out of the tank, preventing the filter screen from clogging. Attached Figure Description
[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tank body of this utility model.
[0012] Reference numerals: 1. Cylinder; 2. Rotating mechanism; 3. Tank; 4. Support platform; 11. Support leg; 12. Screen cylinder; 13. Discharge hole; 14. First discharge port; 15. Second discharge port; 16. Collection platform; 21. Gear assembly; 22. Rotary motor; 31. Support shaft; 32. Screwdriver blade; 33. Drive motor; 34. Filter screen; 35. Third discharge port; 351. Solenoid valve; 36. Vent; 37. Drain port; 38. Collection tank; 41. Negative pressure pump; 42. Water pump. Detailed Implementation
[0013] like Figure 1-2As shown, a drilling fluid purification and desanding centrifuge includes a horizontally arranged cylinder 1, which is cylindrical. Several support legs 11 are fixed at the bottom of the cylinder 1. A sieve cylinder 12 for screening is provided inside the cylinder 1. The sieve cylinder 12 is truncated cone-shaped, and the left end of the sieve cylinder 12 is open as a feed inlet. Both ends of the sieve cylinder 12 can be rotatably mounted at both ends of the cylinder 1. A rotating mechanism 2 for driving the sieve cylinder 12 to rotate is provided at the left end of the cylinder 1. The rotating mechanism 2 includes a gear assembly 21, which includes a driven gear mounted on the left end of the screen cylinder 12. A motor bracket is fixed to the left end of the cylinder 1, and a driving gear is rotatably mounted on the motor bracket. The driving gear meshes with the driven gear. A rotary motor 22 is fixed to the left end of the motor bracket. The power output shaft of the rotary motor 22 is connected to the driving gear. Several discharge holes 13 are provided at the right end of the screen cylinder 12 along the circumference of the screen cylinder 12. A first discharge port 14 is provided on the cylinder 1 below the discharge holes 13. A second discharge port 15 is provided at the middle of the bottom end of the cylinder 1. When the rotary motor 22 is started, the rotary motor 22 drives the screen cylinder 12 to rotate. Larger particles of sand and gravel are blocked inside the screen cylinder 12 and then move to the right side of the screen cylinder 12 and are discharged from the cylinder 1 through the discharge holes 13 and the first discharge port 14. Smaller particles of sand and gravel are thrown onto the inner wall of the cylinder 1 under the action of centrifugal force and then discharged from the cylinder 1 through the second discharge port 15. A horizontally arranged support platform 4 is fixed on the support leg 11 below the cylinder 1. The support platform 4 provides support, and an open-top tank 3 is fixed to the top of the support platform 4. A filter screen 34 with a semi-circular cross-section is fixed to the lower end of the tank 3. The mesh diameter of the filter screen 34 is smaller than the diameter of the screen hole of the screen cylinder 12, which can perform secondary screening of drilling fluid, screen out finer sand and gravel particles in the drilling fluid, and improve the screening quality. A horizontally positioned support shaft 31 is provided above the filter screen 34. Both ends of the support shaft 31 can be rotatably mounted on the tank body 3. The support shaft 31 is equipped with auger blades 32 that match the filter screen 34. A drive motor 33 is provided at the left end of the tank body 3. The power output shaft of the drive motor 33 is connected to the support shaft 31. A third discharge port 35 is provided at the bottom right end of the tank body 3. A solenoid valve 351 is provided on the third discharge port 35. The drive motor 33 drives the auger blades 32 to rotate, conveying the sand and gravel particles accumulated on the filter screen 34 out of the filter screen 34, reducing the clogging of the filter screen 34.The right end of the tank body 3 is provided with a drain port 37, and the left end of the tank body 3 is provided with a vent port 36. The vent port 36 is located below the filter screen 34. The top left side of the support platform 4 is provided with a negative pressure pump 41. The negative pressure pump 41 is connected to the vent port 36 through a hose. The rotary motor 22, drive motor 33, negative pressure pump 41, water pump 42 and solenoid valve 351 are all connected to the power supply and PLC controller through cables. The negative pressure pump 41 can reduce the pressure at the bottom of the tank body 3 and accelerate the filtration efficiency of the drilling fluid. Under the action of negative pressure, the drilling fluid quickly passes through the filter holes on the filter screen. Fine sand and gravel particles are blocked on the filter screen 34 and discharged from the tank body 3 through the third discharge port 35 under the push of the auger blades 32. This not only improves the filtration efficiency, but also reduces the clogging of the filter screen 34 by sand and gravel particles.
[0014] Preferably, the cylinder 1 is provided with a collection platform 16 to facilitate the accumulation of liquid in the middle of the cylinder.
[0015] Preferably, the diameter of the material discharge hole 13 is larger than the diameter of the screen hole of the screen cylinder 12.
[0016] Preferably, a water pump 42 is provided at the right end of the support platform 4, and the inlet of the water pump 42 is connected to the drain outlet 37 through a hose.
[0017] Preferably, the bottom of the tank body 3 is provided with a liquid collection tank 38, the drain port 37 is located at the right end of the liquid collection tank 38, and the vent 36 is located on the upper side of the liquid collection tank 38.
[0018] Usage process:
[0019] In use, the drilling fluid containing sand and gravel particles is fed into the screen cylinder 12 through the feed inlet at the left end of the screen cylinder 12. The rotary motor 22 is started, which drives the screen cylinder 12 to rotate. Under the action of centrifugal force, the drilling fluid and smaller sand and gravel particles are thrown out of the screen cylinder 12 and then fall into the tank 3 through the second discharge port 15. Larger sand and gravel particles are discharged from the cylinder 1 through the discharge hole 13 and the first discharge port 14. The negative pressure pump 41 is started, which then blows the filter screen of the tank 3. The air below 34 is discharged from the tank 3. Under the negative pressure, the drilling fluid on the filter screen 34 falls quickly to the bottom of the tank 3. Smaller sand and gravel particles are blocked on the filter screen 34. The drive motor 33 is started, and the drive motor 33 drives the auger blades 32 to rotate. The auger blades 32 push the sand and gravel particles on the filter screen 34 out of the tank 3 through the third discharge port 35. After the drilling fluid at the bottom of the tank 3 accumulates to a certain level, the water pump 42 is started, and the water pump 42 pumps the drilling fluid out of the tank 3.
[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "horizontal", "vertical", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0021] The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any simple modifications to the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A drilling fluid purification and desanding centrifuge, comprising a horizontally arranged cylinder, with a plurality of supporting legs fixed at the bottom end of the cylinder, characterized in that: The cylinder contains a sieve cylinder that performs a screening function. The left end of the sieve cylinder is open, and both ends of the sieve cylinder can be rotatably mounted to the ends of the cylinder. The left end of the cylinder has a rotating mechanism to drive the sieve cylinder to rotate. The right end of the sieve cylinder has several material discharge holes arranged around its circumference. Below the material discharge holes, the cylinder has a first discharge port, and the bottom center of the cylinder has a second discharge port. A horizontally mounted support platform is fixed to the legs below the cylinder. An open-topped tank is fixed to the top of the support platform. Inside the tank, at the lower end, is a filter screen with a semi-circular cross-section. Above the filter screen is a horizontally mounted support shaft, both ends of which can be rotatably mounted to the tank. The support shaft has auger blades that match the filter screen. The left end of the tank is equipped with a drive motor, and the power output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the support shaft. The bottom right end of the tank is equipped with a third discharge port, and a solenoid valve is installed on the third discharge port. The right end of the tank is equipped with a drain port, and the left end of the tank is equipped with a vent. The vent is located below the filter screen. The top left side of the support platform is equipped with a negative pressure pump, which is connected to the vent via a hose.
2. A drilling fluid clarifying desander centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a gear assembly, which includes a driven gear mounted on the left end of the screen cylinder. A motor bracket is fixed to the left end of the cylinder, and a driving gear is rotatably mounted on the motor bracket. The driving gear meshes with the driven gear. A rotary motor is fixed to the left end of the motor bracket, and the power output shaft of the rotary motor is connected to the driving gear drive.
3. The drilling fluid purification and desanding centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylinder is equipped with a collection platform to facilitate the accumulation of liquid in the middle of the cylinder.
4. A drilling fluid clarifying desander centrifuge as defined in claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the material discharge hole is larger than the diameter of the screen hole in the screen cylinder.
5. A drilling fluid purification and desanding centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mesh diameter of the filter screen is smaller than the diameter of the sieve holes in the sieve cylinder.
6. A drilling fluid clarifying desander centrifuge as defined in claim 1, wherein: A water pump is installed at the right end of the support platform, and the water inlet of the water pump is connected to the drain outlet via a hose.
7. A drilling fluid purification and desanding centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the tank is equipped with a liquid collection tank, the drain outlet is located at the right end of the liquid collection tank, and the vent is located on the upper side of the liquid collection tank.
8. A drilling fluid purification and desanding centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary motor, drive motor, negative pressure pump, water pump, and solenoid valve are all connected to the power supply and PLC controller via cables.