Feeding device and biomass gasification system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of feeding device and biomass gasification system.The feeding device of the utility model includes first screw feeder, first bin, second bin, first airlock, intermediate bin, second airlock, second screw feeder and fan, first screw feeder includes first input, second input and output, first bin outlet is communicated with first input;Second bin outlet is communicated with second input, first airlock is connected with output;Intermediate bin is connected with the outlet of first airlock;Second airlock is connected with the outlet of intermediate bin;Second screw feeder is connected with the outlet of second airlock;Fan is connected with intermediate bin by first pipeline, and communicated with the outlet of first screw feeder by second pipeline;First pipeline and second pipeline are provided with valve.The feeding device of the utility model facilitates to supply bed material to gasifier, and the process of bed material supply does not need to stop, ensure the continuity and stability of operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biomass gasification technology, and in particular to a feeding device and a biomass gasification system. Background Technology

[0002] In fluidized bed gasifiers, the bed material (such as kaolin) is crucial for maintaining fluidization and heat transfer. Over time, the bed material is continuously lost due to wear and ash discharge. Related technologies require periodic manual replenishment or maintenance shutdowns, which affects the continuous and stable operation of the gasifier.

[0003] In fluidized bed gasifiers, the bed material (such as kaolin) is crucial for maintaining fluidization and heat transfer. Over time, the bed material is continuously lost due to wear and ash discharge. Existing feeding systems typically only supply biomass fuel and lack dedicated devices for replenishing bed material, necessitating regular manual replenishment or maintenance shutdowns, which affects the continuous and stable operation of the gasifier.

[0004] Secondly, the feeding system in the relevant technology still has the following shortcomings:

[0005] Inadequate silo structure: Traditional silo designs are prone to bridging and rat burrowing when handling loose, unevenly moist biomass materials (such as straw and sawdust), leading to poor or even interrupted material flow. Furthermore, the silo's weighing system often suffers from inaccurate weighing due to material impact, suspension, or structural deformation, failing to provide a reliable basis for precise control of the feed rate. The bridging device is also often ineffective.

[0006] Syngas backflow: Biomass gasification systems in related technologies typically include silos, feeders, and airlock valves. During operation, the feeder needs to continuously deliver biomass material from the silos to the gasifier via the airlock valves.

[0007] During biomass gasification, high-pressure, flammable, and explosive syngas is generated in the gasifier. If the gasifier pressure fluctuates significantly, or if the airlock valve fails to seal momentarily due to aging of the sealing elements, syngas can easily backflow into the biomass gasification system. This phenomenon not only disrupts the continuity of biomass material transportation but may also cause premature pyrolysis or partial combustion of the biomass material during transportation. This can lead to reduced gasification efficiency and increased equipment wear, or even localized overheating, blockages, and serious safety accidents. Existing technologies largely rely on a single airlock valve for passive protection, lacking the ability to actively establish and dynamically maintain pressure balance before syngas backflow occurs, thus failing to fundamentally solve this problem. Utility Model Content

[0008] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the background or related technologies described above.

[0009] To address this, the present invention provides a feeding device that facilitates the replenishment of bed material into the gasifier without requiring machine shutdown, thus ensuring continuous and stable operation.

[0010] This invention provides a biomass gasification system.

[0011] The feeding device of this utility model includes:

[0012] The first screw feeder includes a first input port, a second input port and an output port. In the material conveying direction of the first screw feeder, the second input port is disposed between the first input port and the output port.

[0013] The first hopper is used to store biomass materials and has a first hopper outlet, which is connected to the first inlet of the first screw feeder.

[0014] The second hopper is used to store bed material suitable for use in the gasifier and has a second hopper outlet, which is connected to the second inlet of the first screw feeder.

[0015] The first airlock valve is connected to the output port of the first screw feeder;

[0016] An intermediate compartment, which is connected to the outlet of the first airlock valve;

[0017] The second airlock valve is connected to the outlet of the intermediate compartment;

[0018] The second screw feeder is connected to the outlet of the second airlock valve;

[0019] A blower, wherein the blower is connected to the intermediate silo via a first pipeline and to the outlet of the first screw feeder via a second pipeline;

[0020] The first valve is disposed in the first pipeline;

[0021] The second valve is disposed in the second pipeline;

[0022] A first pressure gauge is installed in the intermediate compartment;

[0023] The second pressure gauge is located at the inlet of the second screw feeder.

[0024] In some technical solutions, a feeder is provided between the second hopper and the first screw feeder, and the feeder is adapted to transport the bed material in the second hopper to the first screw feeder.

[0025] In some technical solutions, the feeder is a micro screw feeder or a star feeder.

[0026] In some technical solutions, the feeding device further includes a bridge-breaking mechanism located inside the first silo, which is adapted to break up the bridges in the biomass material inside the first silo.

[0027] In some technical solutions, the bridge-breaking mechanism includes:

[0028] A mechanical bridge-breaking mechanism, wherein the mechanical bridge-breaking mechanism is adapted to mechanically break bridges in the biomass material;

[0029] A pneumatic bridge-breaking mechanism, which is adapted to pneumatically break bridges in the biomass material.

[0030] In some technical solutions, the mechanical bridge-breaking mechanism includes a scraper and / or a vibrator; and / or,

[0031] The pneumatic bridge-breaking mechanism includes multiple air nozzles, which are arranged at circumferential intervals along the first hopper.

[0032] In some technical solutions, the outlet of the first hopper and / or the second hopper is an asymmetrical structure and / or has multiple discharge ports.

[0033] In some technical solutions, the wall surface of the first hopper and the outlet portion facing the output port is arc-shaped.

[0034] In some technical solutions, a plurality of weighing sensors are provided in the first silo, and the plurality of weighing sensors are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first silo. The weighing sensors are adapted to weigh the biomass material entering the first silo.

[0035] In some technical solutions, the first pipeline is equipped with a first flow meter, and / or,

[0036] The second pipeline is equipped with a second flow meter.

[0037] The biomass gasification system of this utility model includes the feeding device described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0038] In some technical solutions, the system includes a gasifier, and the outlet of the second screw feeder is connected to the gasifier.

[0039] Beneficial effects: In use, the biomass gasification system of this utility model allows the bed material to be added into the first screw feeder through the second hopper. The bed material can be mixed with the biomass material in the first screw feeder and transported together to the subsequent gasifier. This enables timely replenishment of the bed material without stopping the machine, ensuring the continuity and stability of the gasification system operation.

[0040] Safety is greatly improved: A controllable positive pressure barrier is established and maintained in the intermediate chamber by a blower. Combined with the one-way sealing structure of the first and second airlock valves, a double physical barrier is formed. Dynamic closed-loop control is achieved based on the pressure gauge feedback. This fundamentally prevents the high-pressure, flammable and explosive syngas in the gasifier from backflowing upstream along the feed path, eliminating the risk of equipment damage, premature material reaction and even safety accidents caused by syngas leakage.

[0041] More precise and stable feeding: Through optimized hopper geometry, high-precision weighing modules, and combined bridging devices, the problems of material bridging and inaccurate weighing are effectively solved, ensuring the continuity of feeding and the accuracy of metering, laying the foundation for the stable operation of the gasifier.

[0042] More continuous and efficient operation: By integrating an online bed material adding device, the bed material can be automatically and quantitatively added to the gasifier without interrupting the main fuel supply, which significantly extends the continuous operation cycle of the unit, reduces manual maintenance costs, and improves the overall gasification efficiency.

[0043] The biomass material is fed online by an independently controlled quantitative feeder. The feeding logic is linked to the operating conditions such as pressure drop and temperature of the gasifier bed without interrupting the main fuel supply. This enables automatic, quantitative, continuous / intermittent replenishment of the bed material, solving the drawback of traditional processes that require shutdown for replenishment. It significantly extends the continuous operation cycle of the unit, reduces downtime maintenance and manual operation, and lowers labor maintenance costs. At the same time, timely replenishment of the bed material ensures the stability of the gasifier bed structure, avoids the decline in gasification efficiency due to bed material loss, and improves the overall operating efficiency of the gasification process.

[0044] The system is more environmentally friendly and reliable: While achieving the above functions, it retains the original dust suppression technology, ensuring the system's environmental friendliness and reliability under complex working conditions.

[0045] The core parameters of the subsystems such as pressure balancing, bridging, weighing, and bed material addition can all be adjusted (such as the positive pressure barrier pressure difference threshold, the frequency of the bridging device, the bed material replenishment rate, the feeder speed, etc.). It can be adapted to different biomass raw materials such as straw, sawdust, and rice husks, as well as gasifier operating conditions with different processing capacities such as small-scale pilot and industrial-scale.

[0046] The system uses inert gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide, which avoids premature reaction with biomass materials and can suppress dust by relying on the inert gas flow, thus balancing the stability and environmental friendliness of the system operation.

[0047] All core components (airlock valve, regulating valve, sensor, feeder) are mature industrial components, and the integration method is simple, reducing the probability of system failure and improving the overall operational reliability.

[0048] Higher level of automation: The control system integrates the linkage control of multiple subsystems such as pressure balancing, weighing, bridge breaking, and bed material addition, realizing a high degree of automation in the feeding process. Attached Figure Description

[0049] The following description and accompanying drawings will better aid in understanding these and other features and advantages of the various embodiments disclosed herein, wherein the same reference numerals in the drawings always denote the same parts, wherein:

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a biomass gasification system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the first and second material silos.

[0052] Figure label:

[0053] 1-First hopper; 2-First screw feeder; 3-First airlock valve; 4-Intermediate hopper; 5-Second airlock valve; 6-Second screw feeder; 7-Fan; 8-Second pipeline; 9-First pipeline; 10-Second valve; 11-First valve; 12-First pressure gauge; 13-Second pressure gauge; 14-Second hopper; 15-Bridge breaking mechanism; 151-Mechanical bridge breaking mechanism; 152-Pneumatic bridge breaking mechanism; 16-Weighing sensor; 17-Second flow meter; 18-First flow meter; 19-Gasifier; 20-First vent pipe; 21-Third valve; 22-Third pressure gauge; 23-Second vent pipe; 24-Feeder. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In this specification, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar components. The following description of the embodiments of this utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the overall inventive concept of this utility model and should not be construed as a limitation thereof.

[0055] This utility model proposes a feeding device.

[0056] like Figure 1As shown, the feeding device of this utility model includes a first hopper 1, a first screw feeder 2, a first airlock valve 3, an intermediate hopper 4, a second airlock valve 5, a second screw feeder 6, a blower 7, a first valve 11, a second valve 10, and a second hopper 14.

[0057] In this invention, the first hopper 1 is used to store biomass materials, specifically straw, etc. The first hopper 1, the first screw feeder 2, the first airlock valve 3, the intermediate hopper 4, the second airlock valve 5, and the second screw feeder 6 are arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the biomass materials during feeding.

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the inlet of the first screw feeder 2 is connected to the outlet of the hopper, the inlet of the first airlock valve 3 is connected to the outlet of the first screw feeder 2, the inlet of the intermediate hopper 4 is connected to the outlet of the first airlock valve 3, the inlet of the second airlock valve 5 is connected to the outlet of the intermediate hopper 4, and the inlet of the second screw feeder 6 is connected to the outlet of the second airlock valve 5.

[0059] The blower 7 can be a blower. The blower 7 is connected to the intermediate silo 4 through the first pipe 9, and the blower 7 is also connected to the outlet of the first screw feeder 2 through the second pipe 8.

[0060] For example, the first pipeline 9 and the second pipeline 8 can have a common section, the fan 7 can be installed on the common section, the outlet of the first pipeline 9 can be directly connected to the intermediate chamber 4, and a first valve 11 can be installed on the first pipeline 9 to control the gas flow rate of the first pipeline 9.

[0061] The outlet of the second pipeline 8 can be directly connected to the outlet of the first screw feeder 2. A second valve 10 can be installed on the second pipeline 8 to control the gas flow rate of the second pipeline 8.

[0062] During use, the pressure at locations such as the intermediate chamber 4 can be monitored by the first pressure gauge 12. When the monitored pressure does not meet the requirements, the first valve 11 and the second valve 10 can be opened simultaneously. The blower 7 can introduce stable gases such as inert sealing gas into the intermediate chamber 4 and the outlet of the first screw feeder 2, thereby increasing the gas pressure and preventing the backflow of combustible gas or syngas in the system due to excessive gas pressure in the gasifier 19.

[0063] In this invention, both the first airlock valve 3 and the second airlock valve 5 are one-way valves that allow unidirectional flow of biomass materials. Through the action of the two airlock valves and the pressurization of gas at two locations via the first pipeline 9 and the second pipeline 8, multiple physical barriers are achieved. Furthermore, the introduction of inert gas ensures dynamic pressure balance throughout the system, effectively preventing syngas backflow.

[0064] In some other embodiments, the outlet of the second pipe 8 may also be directly connected to the left end of the first screw feeder 2.

[0065] The second hopper 14 of this invention is used to store bed material, and the outlet of the second hopper 14 is connected to the first screw feeder 2.

[0066] For example, such as Figure 1 The first screw feeder 2 shown can be arranged generally horizontally, specifically extending from left to right. The first hopper 1 and the second hopper 14 can both be located above the first screw feeder 2, wherein the first hopper 1 can be adjacent to the left end of the first screw feeder 2, and the second hopper 14 can be located in the middle of the first screw feeder 2.

[0067] The second silo 14 can be pre-stored with bed materials such as kaolin, quartz sand, and olivine. When it is detected that the bed material in the gasifier 19 is insufficient or the entire system has been running for a certain period of time, the second silo 14 can be connected to the first screw feeder 2. At this time, the bed material in the second silo 14 can enter the first screw feeder 2. Then the bed material will be mixed with the biomass material in the first screw feeder 2 and enter the gasifier 19 together, thereby replenishing the bed material in the gasifier 19.

[0068] It should be noted that along the conveying direction of the first screw feeder 2 (which can be...) Figure 1 In the direction from left to right, the second hopper 14 can be located downstream of the first hopper 1, specifically, the second hopper 14 can be located to the right of the first hopper 1.

[0069] Specifically, the first screw feeder 2 may have two inlets and one outlet. The two inlets are a first input port and a second input port, and the outlet is the output port. The first input port may be located near the left end of the first screw feeder 2, and the second input port may be located in the middle of the first screw feeder 2. Both the first input port and the second input port may be located on the upper side of the first screw feeder 2, and the output port may be located on the lower side of the right end of the first screw feeder 2.

[0070] The bottom outlet of the first hopper 1 constitutes the first hopper outlet, and the bottom outlet of the second hopper 14 constitutes the second hopper outlet. The first hopper outlet is connected to the first inlet, and the second hopper outlet is connected to the second inlet.

[0071] The design of the second silo 14 being located downstream of the first silo 1 allows the bed material to be fully mixed in the flowing biomass material, which is beneficial for the mixing of the bed material into the biomass material. It also makes the conveyed biomass material have a pushing effect on the bed material, which helps to improve the unloading efficiency of the bed material in the second silo 14.

[0072] In some embodiments, the system further includes a first pressure gauge 12 and a second pressure gauge 13, the first pressure gauge 12 being disposed in the intermediate chamber 4 and the second pressure gauge 13 being disposed at the inlet of the second screw feeder 6. The opening degree of the first valve 11 and the second valve 10 is adjusted based on the pressure monitored by the first pressure gauge 12 and / or the second pressure gauge 13.

[0073] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, during use, the first pressure gauge 12 can monitor the pressure inside the intermediate chamber 4 in real time, and the second pressure gauge 13 can monitor the pressure inside the inlet section of the second screw feeder 6 in real time. When the difference between the pressure value monitored by the first pressure gauge 12 and the pressure value monitored by the second pressure gauge 13 is less than a set threshold, the control device can determine that there is a risk of gas backflow.

[0074] The control device can automatically activate the first valve 11 and the second valve 10, thereby enabling timely pressurization of the outlet sections of the intermediate chamber 4 and the first screw feeder 2, avoiding the backflow of syngas due to insufficient pressure, and fundamentally eliminating this problem.

[0075] It should be noted that in actual use, the opening degree of the first valve 11 and the second valve 10 can also be adjusted according to the actual needs of their respective pipelines. For example, in the initial stage of adjusting the air pressure by the blower 7, the opening degree of the first valve 11 can always be greater than the opening degree of the second valve 10. When the opening degree of the first valve 11 reaches its maximum, if it still cannot fully guarantee the prevention of backflow, the opening degree of the second valve 10 can be gradually increased, thereby enhancing the air pressure at the outlet of the first screw feeder 2 to enhance the barrier effect at that location.

[0076] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first screw feeder 2 can also be equipped with a third pressure gauge 22. The third pressure gauge 22 can monitor the air pressure inside the first screw feeder 2. If the third pressure gauge 22 detects that the pressure inside the first screw feeder 2 is less than the set threshold, this indicates to some extent that there is a backflow of syngas. At this time, the opening of the first valve 11 and the second valve 10 can be increased.

[0077] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, a feeder 24 is provided between the second hopper 14 and the first screw feeder 2. The feeder 24 is adapted to transport the bed material in the second hopper 14 to the first screw feeder 2.

[0078] For example, the feeder 24 can be a quantitative feeder, a micro screw feeder or a star feeder, etc. The feeder 24 can also be connected to the above-mentioned control device, so that the automatic replenishment of bed material can be realized under the control of the control device under the conditions of setting the interval or automatic triggering.

[0079] In some embodiments, the system further includes a bridge-breaking mechanism 15, at least a portion of which is located within the first silo 1. The bridge-breaking mechanism 15 is adapted to break bridges in the biomass material within the first silo 1.

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, the bridge breaking mechanism 15 can be installed in the first silo 1. When in use, the bridge breaking mechanism 15 can destroy the "bridges" and "rat holes" formed by biomass materials, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of biomass material supply and avoiding material blockage.

[0081] In some embodiments, the bridge-breaking mechanism 15 includes a mechanical bridge-breaking mechanism 151, which is adapted to mechanically break bridges in biomass materials.

[0082] For example, the mechanical bridging mechanism 151 may include a scraper, a vibrator, etc. In use, the scraper, etc., can operate periodically or irregularly, and the scraper, etc., can stir the material near the silo wall along the circumference of the silo wall of the first silo 1, thereby achieving the function of mechanical bridging.

[0083] In some embodiments, the bridge breaking mechanism 15 may further include a pneumatic bridge breaking mechanism 152, which is adapted to pneumatically break bridges in biomass materials.

[0084] For example, the pneumatic bridge-breaking mechanism 152 includes multiple jet nozzles, which are spaced apart along the circumferential and / or vertical direction of the first hopper 1. In use, high-pressure inert gas, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and other gases can be pulsed out through the jet nozzles, which can loosen the compacted material.

[0085] In this invention, mechanical bridge breaking and pneumatic bridge breaking can be simultaneously coordinated and controlled by the control system, and the best bridge breaking effect can be achieved through two different bridge breaking methods.

[0086] In some embodiments, the outlet of the first hopper 1 has an asymmetrical structure and / or is provided with multiple discharge ports.

[0087] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the first hopper 1, which is connected to the first screw feeder 2, can be designed as an asymmetrical eccentric cone. For example, the wall of the outlet portion of the first hopper 1 facing the output port of the first screw feeder 2 is arc-shaped.

[0088] Specifically, the above-mentioned output port is located at the right end of the first screw feeder 2, and the wall of the first hopper 1 facing the output port is the right side wall of the hopper. The right side wall of the bottom of the first hopper 1 can be arc-shaped and can protrude into the inside of the first hopper 1.

[0089] This asymmetrical structural design reduces the compression and friction of materials within the silo, thereby disrupting the mechanical conditions that cause bridging and improving the overall bridging effect.

[0090] In some other embodiments, the bottom of the first hopper 1 and / or the second hopper 14 may also be provided with multiple discharge ports, which can also have the effect of disrupting the mechanical conditions formed by the "bridging".

[0091] In some embodiments, a plurality of weighing sensors 16 are provided in the first silo 1, and the plurality of weighing sensors 16 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first silo 1. The weighing sensors 16 are adapted to weigh the biomass material entering the first silo 1.

[0092] For example, high-precision, anti-eccentric load cells 16 are installed at multiple support points (usually three or four) within the first hopper 1. The load cells 16 can be digital sensors, effectively eliminating electromagnetic interference and possessing angle difference adjustment capabilities to ensure weighing accuracy. The signals from the load cells 16 can also be connected to the control system to monitor real-time changes in material weight within the first hopper 1, thereby accurately calculating the feeding rate.

[0093] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first pipeline 9 is equipped with a first flow meter 18, and the second pipeline 8 is equipped with a second flow meter 17. The first flow meter 18 can be located downstream of the first valve 11, and the second flow meter 17 can be located downstream of the second valve 10.

[0094] The first flow meter 18 can monitor the gas flow rate in the first pipeline 9, and the second flow meter 17 can monitor the gas flow rate in the second pipeline 8, thereby enabling more precise control of the amount of inert gas, etc., supplied by the fan 7.

[0095] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a first vent pipe 20 can also be connected to the common section of the first pipe 9 and the second pipe 8. The first vent pipe 20 can be equipped with a third valve 21. When the pressure in the common section is too high, the first vent pipe 20 can be opened through the third valve 21, thereby venting the excess sealing gas pumped by the blower 7.

[0096] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, a second vent pipe 23 can be provided above the tail of the first screw feeder 2. The second vent pipe 23 can discharge excess gas in the first screw feeder 2.

[0097] In some embodiments, a valve may be provided at the outlet end of the second vent pipe 23 or at the middle of the second vent pipe 23. The valve is used to control the opening or closing of the second vent pipe 23. Specifically, the valve may be a manual valve or a check valve.

[0098] The biomass gasification system of this utility model is described below.

[0099] The biomass gasification system of this invention includes a feeding device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0100] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system of this utility model may also include a gasifier 19, and the second screw feeder 6 may also be arranged horizontally. The outlet at the right end of the second screw feeder 6 may be connected to the gasifier 19, thereby facilitating the supply of biomass materials and / or bed materials to the gasifier 19.

[0101] The following describes a specific example of the biomass gasification system of this invention.

[0102] This embodiment uses an industrial-scale device for producing syngas from straw biomass gasification as an application scenario. The gasifier 19 has a rated processing capacity of 800 kg / h and a normal operating pressure of 25~30 kPa. The biomass raw material is straw with a thickness of 3~8 cm and a moisture content of ≤18%. The bedding material is 0.8~1.2 mm kaolin. The sealing gas is nitrogen with a purity of ≥99.9%.

[0103] The system is equipped with an optimized first silo 1, an integrated bed material adding device, a first screw feeder 2, a first airlock valve 3, an intermediate silo 4, a second airlock valve 5, a second screw feeder 6, and a gasifier 19 along the material conveying direction. It is also equipped with a pressure balancing system, a combined bridge breaking system, a high-precision weighing system, and a central control system.

[0104] The hopper adopts an asymmetrical eccentric cone design, equipped with four digital anti-eccentric load cells 16 (error ≤ ±0.3%) and a combined bridge breaking device consisting of a rotary scraper, vibrator, and pulse jet nozzle; the first screw feeder 2 integrates a bed material adding device consisting of a bed material hopper (second hopper 14) and a micro screw feeder in the middle, which can quantitatively replenish materials at a rate of 0~50kg / h.

[0105] The pressure balancing subsystem injects nitrogen into the intermediate chamber 4 via a Roots blower, and forms a double barrier with two one-way rotary airlock valves to achieve closed-loop control of the pressure difference of 5~8kPa. The first and second regulating valves automatically adjust their opening degree according to the difference.

[0106] During system operation, the central control system achieves dynamic pressure balance, precise feeding control based on weight change rate, combined bridge breaking action when feeding is abnormal, and online automatic replenishment of bed material according to the pressure drop of bed 19 of the gasifier, with fully automated operation.

[0107] After actual operation and testing, the system has been running continuously and stably for 720 hours without any syngas backflow or material bridging. The pressure difference fluctuation is ≤±0.5kPa, the feed rate is stable at 800±8kg / h, and bed material replenishment does not require shutdown. The continuous operation cycle of the unit is more than twice that before the modification. The carbon conversion rate of the gasifier is increased to over 92%. The dust concentration in the first screw feeder 2 is ≤1.5mg / m³, and the manual intervention rate is <5%. At the same time, the parameters can be adapted according to different raw materials such as sawdust and rice husks, and different processing capacities from 200kg / h to 5t / h. The inert gas can also be replaced with chemically stable gases such as carbon dioxide, which has strong adaptability.

[0108] In this example, the pressure balancing subsystem includes a blower, a first airlock valve 3, an intermediate chamber 4, and a second airlock valve 5. Both the first airlock valve 3 and the second airlock valve 5 are valves that allow unidirectional flow in the forward conveying direction, forming the first physical barrier.

[0109] The intermediate chamber 4 is equipped with a first air inlet, located in the area between the feed inlet and the discharge outlet of the intermediate chamber 4. The blower has a first air outlet, connected to the first air inlet via a first regulating valve, for injecting controllable inert gas into the intermediate chamber 4. The first regulating valve is a valve capable of adjusting its own opening.

[0110] Inert gas is continuously injected into the intermediate chamber 4 by a blower, establishing and maintaining a controllable positive pressure barrier within the intermediate chamber 4 that is higher than the internal pressure of the gasifier 19. This positive pressure barrier, combined with the one-way sealing structure of the first airlock valve 3 and the second airlock valve 5, forms a double physical barrier, fundamentally preventing the syngas in the gasifier 19 from flowing upstream along the feed path.

[0111] In other embodiments, the system of this invention may also integrate a control device or system. In this case, the invention may include the following control methods.

[0112] Pressure balance control steps: During operation, the pressure values ​​of the first pressure gauge 12 (intermediate chamber 4) and the second pressure gauge 13 (second screw feeder 6 / gasifier 19 inlet) can be collected in real time. The pressure difference between the two gauges is calculated and compared with a preset safety threshold range. When the difference is lower than the lower threshold, it indicates that the positive pressure barrier is insufficient and there is a risk of backflow. The control system increases the opening of the first and second regulating valves to increase the gas supply to the intermediate chamber 4. When the difference is higher than the upper threshold, it indicates that the pressure in the intermediate chamber 4 is too high, which may cause energy waste or transport disturbance. The control system decreases the opening of the first and second regulating valves to reduce the gas supply. Through this closed-loop control, an effective positive pressure barrier is dynamically maintained, actively resisting syngas backflow.

[0113] Feeding control steps: The control system adjusts the speed of the first feeder based on the real-time weight change rate fed back by the weighing module of the hopper, so as to achieve precise control of the feeding amount.

[0114] Bridge breaking control steps: When an abnormality in material discharge from the hopper is detected, the control system activates the combined bridge breaking device.

[0115] Bed material addition control steps: The control system starts the quantitative feeder of the bed material addition device according to the preset bed material replenishment logic.

[0116] It should be noted that, in this utility model, each numerical range, except for explicitly stated not to include endpoint values, can be either endpoint values ​​or the median value of each numerical range. Furthermore, the specific numerical values ​​in this utility model are not intended to limit the corresponding dimensional parameters in this utility model, and all permissible values ​​are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0117] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A feeding device, characterized in that, include: The first screw feeder includes a first input port, a second input port and an output port. In the material conveying direction of the first screw feeder, the second input port is disposed between the first input port and the output port. The first hopper is used to store biomass materials and has a first hopper outlet, which is connected to the first inlet of the first screw feeder. The second hopper is used to store bed material suitable for use in the gasifier and has a second hopper outlet, which is connected to the second inlet of the first screw feeder. The first airlock valve is connected to the output port of the first screw feeder; An intermediate compartment, which is connected to the outlet of the first airlock valve; The second airlock valve is connected to the outlet of the intermediate compartment; The second screw feeder is connected to the outlet of the second airlock valve; A blower, wherein the blower is connected to the intermediate silo via a first pipeline and to the outlet of the first screw feeder via a second pipeline; The first valve is disposed in the first pipeline; The second valve is disposed in the second pipeline; A first pressure gauge is installed in the intermediate compartment; The second pressure gauge is located at the inlet of the second screw feeder.

2. The feeding device according to claim 1, wherein: A feeder is provided between the second hopper and the first screw feeder, and the feeder is adapted to transport the bed material in the second hopper to the first screw feeder.

3. The feeding device according to claim 2, wherein: The feeder is a miniature screw feeder or a star feeder.

4. The feeding device according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a bridge-breaking mechanism located inside the first silo, which is adapted to break bridges in the biomass material inside the first silo.

5. The feeding device of claim 4, wherein, The bridge-breaking mechanism includes: A mechanical bridge-breaking mechanism, wherein the mechanical bridge-breaking mechanism is adapted to mechanically break bridges in the biomass material; A pneumatic bridge-breaking mechanism, which is adapted to pneumatically break bridges in the biomass material.

6. The feeding device according to claim 5, wherein: The mechanical bridge-breaking mechanism includes a scraper and / or a vibrator; and / or, The pneumatic bridge-breaking mechanism includes multiple air nozzles, which are arranged at circumferential intervals along the first hopper.

7. The feeding device according to claim 1, wherein: The outlet of the first hopper and / or the second hopper has an asymmetrical structure and / or is provided with multiple discharge ports.

8. The feeding device according to claim 7, wherein: The wall surface of the outlet section of the first hopper facing the output port is arc-shaped.

9. The feeding device according to claim 1, wherein: The first silo is equipped with multiple weighing sensors, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the first silo. The weighing sensors are adapted to weigh the biomass material entering the first silo.

10. The feeding device according to claim 1, wherein: The first pipeline is equipped with a first flow meter, and / or, The second pipeline is equipped with a second flow meter.

11. A biomass gasification system, characterized in that, It includes the feeding device according to any one of claims 1-10.

12. The biomass gasification system according to claim 11, wherein: It includes a gasifier, and the outlet of the second screw feeder is connected to the gasifier.

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