Adaptive light regulation energy-saving control module for LED street lamp

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of lighting control, specifically disclose a kind of LED street lamp energy-saving control module of self-adapting light regulation, the module is through the problem of existing street lamp control function singleness, energy efficiency low of multiple sensor hardware fusion architecture, core structure includes light collection unit, flow detection unit, microcontroller unit, signal processing module, communication module, storage module and power management module, its characterized in that, the power management module is connected microcontroller unit by DC-DC power bus, and power supply for entire control module;The light collection unit is connected microcontroller unit by I2C bus;The flow detection unit is connected with microcontroller unit;Microcontroller unit is connected signal processing module by SPI bus, and signal processing module is returned to microcontroller unit by SPI bus with the data after filtering noise reduction;The microcontroller unit is connected communication module by UART serial port;Microcontroller unit is connected storage module by SPI bus;The microcontroller unit is connected LED drive circuit by PWM pin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lighting control technology, specifically an adaptive light-adjusting LED street light energy-saving control module. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement of smart city construction, LED streetlights are increasingly widely used in urban lighting systems. However, existing LED streetlight control technologies have many shortcomings in practical applications. They rely solely on photosensitive sensors for dimming, without incorporating actual road usage data such as pedestrian and vehicle traffic. Energy-saving strategies are crude, and dimming strategies are fixed, failing to dynamically optimize based on real-time environmental conditions. Single-sensor dimming leads to energy waste, such as maintaining high brightness in deserted areas late at night, making it difficult to meet the demands of energy-saving, intelligent, and stable modern lighting. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an adaptive light-adjusting LED street light energy-saving control module, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: an adaptive light-adjustable LED street light energy-saving control module, including a light acquisition unit, a flow detection unit, a microcontroller unit, a signal processing module, a communication module, a storage module, and a power management module. The power management module is characterized in that it is connected to the microcontroller unit via a DC-DC power bus and supplies power to the entire control module; the light acquisition unit is connected to the microcontroller unit via an I-DC power bus. 2 The C-bus connects to the microcontroller unit; the flow detection unit is connected to the microcontroller unit; the microcontroller unit is connected to the signal processing module via the SPI bus, and the signal processing module sends the filtered and noise-reduced data back to the microcontroller unit via the SPI bus; the microcontroller unit is connected to the communication module via the UART serial port; the microcontroller unit is connected to the storage module via the SPI bus; and the microcontroller unit is connected to the LED driver circuit via the PWM pin.

[0005] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the flow detection unit consists of an infrared sensor and a microwave radar sensor. The infrared sensor is connected to the microcontroller unit through a GPIO pin to transmit human body detection switch signals, and the microwave radar sensor is connected to the microcontroller unit through an SPI bus to transmit vehicle flow analog signals.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the light acquisition unit is composed of a photosensitive sensor; the signal processing module is composed of a digital signal processor.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides an adaptive light-adjusting LED street light energy-saving control module, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0008] This solution achieves adaptive adjustment and high energy efficiency for street lighting through multi-sensor fusion, intelligent algorithm control, and hardware architecture innovation. It integrates photosensitive sensors, infrared sensors, and microwave radar sensors to simultaneously collect ambient light intensity, pedestrian traffic, and vehicle traffic data, enabling multi-dimensional dimming decisions. It supports integration with urban IoT platforms for collaborative smart lighting management. Employing fuzzy PID algorithms and deep learning models, it dynamically adjusts dimming strategies based on real-time environmental data, supporting automatic switching between different road segment scenarios (such as main roads and park roads) without manual intervention, thus addressing the limitation of limited energy-saving efficiency. Through dynamic dimming (e.g., reducing brightness to 10% when pedestrian and vehicle traffic is low) and time-based strategies (late-night energy-saving mode), it achieves 40%-60% energy savings compared to traditional solutions. Combined with edge computing for local decision-making, it reduces cloud dependence and improves response speed. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware architecture of the control module of this utility model;

[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the adaptive dimming algorithm of this utility model; Detailed Implementation

[0011] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0012] In addition, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears in the text, it means three parallel options. For example, "A and / or B" includes option A, option B, or option A and B are satisfied at the same time.

[0013] As a specific embodiment of this utility model: the control module adopts a waterproof and dustproof shell design with an IP65 protection rating, suitable for outdoor street light installation. The front of the module integrates status indicator lights, while the sides feature power interfaces, communication interfaces, and sensor expansion interfaces. The back houses the mounting and fixing structure. The internal circuit board integrates the following core modules: a light acquisition unit, a flow detection unit, a microcontroller unit, a power management module, a communication module, a signal processing module, and a storage module. All modules are connected via a high-speed bus to achieve data interaction and collaborative control.

[0014] Functions and operating principles of each module

[0015] 1. Light Acquisition Unit

[0016] Label name: Photosensitive sensor (model: BH1750FVI);

[0017] Operation process: Real-time acquisition of ambient light intensity data, conversion of light signals into electrical signals, and transmission to the microcontroller via I2C bus. It features automatic gain adjustment to adapt to different lighting environments (0-65535 lux).

[0018] The principle utilizes the semiconductor photoelectric effect, where the resistance of the photoresistor changes with the light intensity. This change is converted into a voltage signal by the sampling resistor and then into a digital quantity by the ADC.

[0019] 2. Flow detection unit

[0020] Label Name: Infrared Sensor (HC-SR501) + Microwave Radar Sensor (24GHz)

[0021] Operation process:

[0022] An infrared sensor detects infrared radiation from the human body and generates a switching signal.

[0023] The microwave radar sensor emits 24GHz electromagnetic waves, detects the Doppler frequency shift caused by the movement of objects, and outputs an analog signal.

[0024] The data from the two sensors is fused and transmitted to the microcontroller to determine the status of pedestrian and vehicle traffic.

[0025] Principle: Infrared sensors are based on the pyroelectric effect, and microwave radar is based on the Doppler effect. The two work together to improve detection accuracy and reduce false positives.

[0026] 3. Microcontroller Unit

[0027] Label Name: STM32H743VI (Industrial-grade MCU)

[0028] Operation process:

[0029] Receive sensor data and execute fuzzy PID dimming algorithm and energy-saving strategy;

[0030] Generate PWM signals to control the LED driver circuit and adjust the brightness of the streetlights;

[0031] The management communication module interacts with the cloud and stores user configurations and historical data.

[0032] Principle: Data is processed at high speed through the ARM Cortex-M7 core, the built-in DSP unit accelerates algorithm calculations, and it supports real-time operating system (RTOS) to achieve multi-task scheduling.

[0033] 4. Power Management Module

[0034] Label Name: AC-DC Conversion Chip (LNK306PN) + Lithium Battery Management Circuit

[0035] Operation process:

[0036] The AC power is converted to 12V DC power to power the module.

[0037] Lithium batteries serve as backup power, supporting power outage recovery.

[0038] It integrates MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) functionality and can be equipped with an optional solar charging interface.

[0039] Principle: The AC-DC chip converts power through a flyback topology, and the lithium battery management circuit monitors voltage and current to prevent overcharging and over-discharging. The MPPT algorithm optimizes solar charging efficiency.

[0040] 5. Communication module

[0041] Label Name: 4G / 5G Communication Module (ME910C1) + LoRa Module (SX1278)

[0042] Operation process:

[0043] The 4G / 5G module supports data interaction with the remote monitoring center, uploading working status and receiving control commands;

[0044] LoRa modules are used for local area networking to enable coordinated dimming among multiple lights;

[0045] Automatic switching between dual communication links ensures reliable communication.

[0046] Principle: Following the 3GPP communication protocol and LoRaWAN protocol, wireless data transmission is achieved through radio frequency circuits, and the built-in antenna matching circuit optimizes signal quality.

[0047] 6. Signal Processing Module

[0048] Label Name: Digital Signal Processor (DSP TMS320C5509)

[0049] Operation process: The sensor signal is filtered, denoised, and feature extracted to improve data reliability; the dimming control signal is smoothed to avoid sudden brightness changes.

[0050] Principle: Noise is removed by using FIR / IIR filter algorithms and signal features are extracted by wavelet transform to ensure that the sensing data accurately reflects the real environment.

[0051] 7. Storage Module

[0052] Label Name: Flash Memory (W25Q128JV) + RAM (IS62WV51216)

[0053] Operation process:

[0054] Flash memory stores user configuration parameters, historical data, and dimming strategy models;

[0055] RAM caches real-time data and running algorithm variables;

[0056] It supports power-loss data protection to ensure that configuration information is not lost.

[0057] Principle: Flash memory uses floating gate transistors to store charge, while RAM stores charge through capacitors, and together with a power management module, data persistence is achieved.

[0058] refer to Figure 1-2

[0059] 1. Core connection logic

[0060] With the microcontroller unit as the "control center", it communicates bidirectionally with each functional unit through hardware buses (such as SPI, I2C, UART) and is powered by a unified power bus, forming a closed-loop system of "sensing-processing-control-feedback".

[0061] 2. Unit-level connection relationship

[0062] A. Power Management Module → Microcontroller Unit

[0063] Connection method: Connect via DC-DC power bus (e.g., 5V / 3.3V DC power supply).

[0064] Function: The power management module converts AC / solar power into stable DC power to provide continuous power to the microcontroller. It also integrates overvoltage / undervoltage protection circuits to ensure stable operation of the main control unit.

[0065] B. Microcontroller Unit Light Acquisition Unit

[0066] Connection method: bidirectional communication via I2C bus (such as the I2C interface between the BH1750 photosensitive sensor and the STM32).

[0067] Data flow direction:

[0068] Light acquisition unit → Microcontroller: Transmits real-time ambient light intensity (digital signal, such as 0-65535 lux);

[0069] Microcontroller → Light Acquisition Unit: Sends calibration commands and configures the sampling frequency (e.g., 100ms / time).

[0070] C. Microcontroller Unit Flow detection unit

[0071] Connection method:

[0072] Infrared sensor (such as HC-SR501) → Microcontroller: Transmit switch signals (manned / unmanned) via GPIO pins;

[0073] Microwave radar sensor (such as 24GHz radar) → Microcontroller: Transmits traffic flow data (speed and distance converted by Doppler frequency shift) via SPI bus.

[0074] Collaborative logic: After the data from the two sensors are fused, the microcontroller determines the road usage status (such as "high pedestrian density" or "peak traffic").

[0075] D. Microcontroller Unit Signal processing module

[0076] Connection method: High-speed transmission of raw sensor data (such as unfiltered light intensity and flow signals) via SPI bus.

[0077] Function: The signal processing module (such as a DSP chip) filters the raw data (such as FIR filtering to eliminate environmental noise) and extracts features (such as extracting peak pedestrian flow). The processed data is then sent back to the microcontroller to participate in dimming decisions.

[0078] E. Microcontroller Unit Communication module

[0079] Connection method: Connect via UART serial port or USB interface (such as the USART interface between the 4G module and the STM32).

[0080] Data interaction:

[0081] Microcontroller → Communication Module: Uploads street light status (brightness, energy consumption, fault codes) and receives remote commands (such as forced dimming, firmware upgrade);

[0082] Communication module → Microcontroller: forwards cloud policies (such as holiday dimming plans) and synchronizes timestamps (to ensure accurate execution of time-sharing policies).

[0083] F. Microcontroller Unit Storage module

[0084] Connection method: Connected via SPI bus (such as the SPI interface between the W25Q128 Flash chip and the main controller).

[0085] Data storage:

[0086] Microcontroller → Storage Module: Writes historical dimming logs (correspondence between light intensity, pedestrian flow, and energy consumption) and user configurations (such as road segment type: main road / branch road);

[0087] Storage module → Microcontroller: Read initialization parameters (such as default dimming threshold) and fault self-healing plan (such as backup strategy when sensor is abnormal).

[0088] G. Microcontroller Unit → LED Driver Circuit

[0089] Connection method: Connect via PWM output pin (e.g., STM32's TIM timer generates PWM signals).

[0090] Control logic: The microcontroller outputs a PWM duty cycle (e.g., 10% to 100%) according to the dimming algorithm, and the drive circuit (e.g., BUCK step-down circuit) adjusts the actual power of the LED street light to achieve dynamic brightness adjustment.

[0091] 3. Bus and Protocol Description

[0092]

[0093] 4. Example of collaborative workflow

[0094] Taking the scenario of "driverless car at night → energy-saving dimming" as an example, the connection-driven industrial...

[0095] Work flow:

[0096] H. Light harvesting unit (photosensitive) → I2C → microcontroller: Detects light intensity ≤10 lux (late night);

[0097] I. Flow detection unit (infrared + radar) → GPIO / SPI → microcontroller: continuous 5-minute unmanned vehicle signal;

[0098] J. Microcontroller → SPI → Storage Module: Reads "Nighttime Energy Saving Strategy" (e.g., brightness adjusted to 10%);

[0099] K. Microcontroller → PWM pin → LED driver circuit: outputs a PWM signal with a duty cycle of 10%;

[0100] L. Microcontroller → UART → Communication Module: Upload the "Enter Energy Saving Mode" status to the cloud;

[0101] M. Signal Processing Module → SPI → Microcontroller: Continuously monitors sensor signals and triggers self-healing when abnormalities occur (e.g., switching to infrared priority mode if radar fails).

[0102] 5. Innovative Connection Value

[0103] Through a design that combines "bus standardization" and "functional modularization," the following can be achieved:

[0104] N. Plug and play expansion: New sensors (such as PM2.5) can be quickly connected via the reserved I2C / SPI interface;

[0105] O. Fault isolation: When a certain unit (such as the communication module) fails, it does not affect the core dimming logic (microcontroller + sensor + driver);

[0106] P. High-efficiency collaboration: The SPI bus ensures high-speed data interaction between the signal processing module and the main controller (such as millisecond-level filtering), ensuring the accurate execution of the dimming strategy.

[0107] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An adaptive light-adjustable LED street light energy-saving control module, comprising a light acquisition unit, a flow detection unit, a microcontroller unit, a signal processing module, a communication module, a storage module, and a power management module, characterized in that, The power management module is connected to the microcontroller unit via a DC-DC power bus and supplies power to the entire control module; the light acquisition unit is connected to the microcontroller unit via an I²C bus; the flow detection unit is connected to the microcontroller unit; the microcontroller unit is connected to the signal processing module via an SPI bus, and the signal processing module sends the filtered and noise-reduced data back to the microcontroller unit via the SPI bus; the microcontroller unit is connected to the communication module via a UART serial port; the microcontroller unit is connected to the storage module via an SPI bus; and the microcontroller unit is connected to the LED driver circuit via a PWM pin.

2. The adaptive light-adjusting LED street light energy-saving control module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traffic flow detection unit consists of an infrared sensor and a microwave radar sensor. The infrared sensor is connected to the microcontroller unit via GPIO pins to transmit human body detection switch signals, while the microwave radar sensor is connected to the microcontroller unit via an SPI bus to transmit analog traffic flow signals.

3. The adaptive light-adjusting LED street light energy-saving control module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light acquisition unit is composed of a photosensitive sensor; the signal processing module is composed of a digital signal processor.

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