Realize bidirectional voltage conversion stabilizing circuit and control circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to realize bidirectional voltage conversion voltage stabilizing circuit and control circuit, wherein realize bidirectional voltage conversion voltage stabilizing circuit includes bidirectional voltage stabilizing / half voltage stabilizing circuit, bus capacitor, fixed proportion conversion circuit and high voltage bus, and the input side is connected with the output side through bidirectional voltage stabilizing / half voltage stabilizing circuit, high voltage bus and fixed proportion conversion circuit in proper order, and one end of bus capacitor is connected to high voltage bus, and its other end is grounded, is used for buffering filter, and the application realizes the bidirectional voltage conversion of high speed response and the stable voltage output through the synergistic effect of bidirectional voltage stabilizing / half voltage stabilizing circuit, bus capacitor and fixed proportion conversion circuit, and the accurate adjustment of control circuit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power electronics technology, and more specifically, to a bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit and control circuit. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, bidirectional regulated power supplies are limited by bandwidth and have commutation time delays, making it difficult to effectively adapt to the high-speed output power conversion requirements, resulting in their conversion response speed being unable to meet rapidly changing load requirements. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit and a control circuit to address the shortcomings of the existing technology, which are insufficient in response speed and unable to meet the requirements of rapidly changing loads.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: to construct a bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit, including a bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101, a bus capacitor CBUS, a fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 and a high voltage bus;

[0005] The input side is connected to the output side in sequence through the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101, the high-voltage bus, and the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102; one end of the bus capacitor CBUS is connected to the high-voltage bus, and the other end is grounded.

[0006] During forward operation, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 regulates the output voltage to maintain the set value of the high-voltage bus voltage, and the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 converts the high-voltage bus voltage into the output voltage on the output side according to a preset ratio coefficient. When a transient high-power load occurs on the output side, the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 pulls down the high-voltage bus energy, and the voltage of the bus capacitor CBUS drops by a preset amount, providing a buffer for the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101, so that the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 can convert the input-side energy to the high-voltage bus.

[0007] In reverse operation, the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 responds by pushing the peak power injected into the output side back to the high-voltage bus, causing the voltage of the bus capacitor CBUS to rise to provide buffering and triggering the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 to operate in reverse, so that the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 can convert energy to the input side.

[0008] In one embodiment, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 is one of a BUCK-BOOST circuit, a BOOST circuit, a half-bridge circuit, a full-bridge circuit, or a push-pull circuit; the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 is one of a full-bridge circuit, a half-bridge circuit, or a push-pull circuit.

[0009] In one embodiment, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 is the BUCK-BOOST circuit, including a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4 and an inductor L1;

[0010] The positive terminal of the input side is connected to the negative terminal of the input side in sequence through the first switch S1 and the second switch S2; the second switch S2 is connected to the high voltage bus in sequence through the fourth switch S4 and the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4 is also connected to the common point of the bus capacitor CBUS and the reference ground, one end of the inductor L1 is connected to the common point of the first switch S1 and the second switch S2, and the other end is connected to the common point of the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4;

[0011] External control circuits are connected to the control terminals of the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch S4, respectively.

[0012] In one embodiment, the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 is a half-bridge circuit, including a fifth switch S5, a sixth switch S6, a seventh switch S7, an eighth switch S8, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, an output capacitor, and a transformer;

[0013] The high-voltage bus is connected to one end of the fifth switch S5, and the other end of the fifth switch S5 is connected to one end of the sixth switch S6. The other end of the sixth switch S6 is connected to the common point of the bus capacitor CBUS and the reference ground. One end of the fifth switch S5 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2 through the first capacitor C1. The other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the sixth switch S6. The first input terminal of the transformer is connected to the common point of the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch S6. The second input terminal of the transformer is connected to the common point of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2. The first output terminal of the transformer is connected to the second output terminal of the transformer through the seventh switch S7 and the eighth switch S8. The third output terminal of the transformer is connected to the output side. One end of the output capacitor Cout is connected to the common point of the third output terminal of the transformer and the output side, and the other end is connected to the common point of the seventh switch S7, the eighth switch S8 and the reference ground.

[0014] The external control circuit is connected to the control terminals of the fifth switch S5, the sixth switch S6, the seventh switch S7, and the eighth switch S8, respectively.

[0015] In one embodiment, during forward operation, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 executes in each control cycle:

[0016] In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 to be turned on, while the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 are turned off.

[0017] In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 to be turned on, while the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 are turned off.

[0018] The fixed-ratio conversion circuit executes in each control cycle:

[0019] In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8 to be turned on, and the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 to be turned off.

[0020] In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 to be turned on, while the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8 are turned off.

[0021] In one embodiment, during reverse operation, the fixed-ratio conversion circuit executes in each control cycle:

[0022] In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8 to be turned on, and the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 to be turned off.

[0023] In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 to be turned on, and the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8 to be turned off.

[0024] The bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit executes in each control cycle:

[0025] In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 to be turned on, while the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 are turned off.

[0026] In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 to be turned on, while the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 are turned off.

[0027] In one embodiment, the switching transistor is any one of a silicon-based MOSFET device, a silicon carbide device, or a gallium nitride device.

[0028] This application also provides a bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation control circuit, including a control circuit and any of the above-mentioned bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuits;

[0029] The control circuit is connected to the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 and the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102, respectively.

[0030] During forward operation, the control circuit controls the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 to regulate the output voltage to maintain the set value of the high-voltage bus voltage, and controls the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 to convert the high-voltage bus voltage into the output voltage on the output side according to a preset ratio coefficient. When a transient high-power load occurs on the output side, the control circuit responds by causing the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 to pull down the high-voltage bus energy, and the voltage of the bus capacitor CBUS drops by a preset amount, providing a buffer for the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101, so that the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 can convert the input side energy to the high-voltage bus.

[0031] In reverse operation, the control circuit triggers the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 to push the peak power injected into the output side back to the high voltage bus, causing the voltage of the bus capacitor CBUS to rise to provide buffering, and triggers the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 to operate in reverse, so that the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 can convert energy to the input side.

[0032] In one embodiment, the control circuit includes:

[0033] A PWM generator is electrically connected to the control terminals of the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit and the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102, respectively.

[0034] In one embodiment, it further includes:

[0035] A positive feedback compensation circuit is electrically connected to the high-voltage bus and is used to monitor the voltage of the high-voltage bus and perform feedback compensation based on the deviation between the high-voltage bus voltage and a preset target value.

[0036] A feedback compensation circuit, electrically connected to the input side, is used to monitor the output voltage of the input side and perform feedback compensation based on the deviation between the output voltage and a preset target value.

[0037] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, by employing the coordinated operation of a bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-regulator circuit, a bus capacitor, and a fixed-ratio conversion circuit, combined with precise adjustment of the control circuit, it achieves efficient voltage conversion and stable voltage output. This design can quickly respond to load changes, effectively improving the efficiency and stability of bidirectional voltage conversion and meeting the requirements of high-speed power conversion. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the bidirectional voltage conversion and voltage regulation control circuit of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Similar elements in different embodiments are referred to by related similar element reference numerals. In the following embodiments, many details are described to facilitate a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some features may be omitted in different situations, or may be replaced by other elements, materials, or methods. In some cases, certain operations related to the present application are not shown or described in the specification. This is to avoid obscuring the core parts of the present application with excessive description. For those skilled in the art, detailed description of these related operations is not necessary; they can fully understand the related operations based on the description in the specification and general technical knowledge in the art.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 A circuit diagram for implementing a bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit.

[0043] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: to construct a bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit, including a bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101, a bus capacitor, a fixed ratio conversion circuit 102, a high voltage bus and a bus capacitor;

[0044] The input side is connected to the output side in sequence through a bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit, a high-voltage bus, and a fixed ratio conversion circuit 102; one end of the bus capacitor CBUS is connected to the high-voltage bus, and the other end is grounded; the bus capacitor CBUS is used for buffering and filtering.

[0045] During forward operation, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 regulates the output voltage to maintain the set value of the high-voltage bus voltage, and the fixed proportional conversion circuit 102 converts the high-voltage bus voltage into the output voltage on the output side according to the preset proportional coefficient. When a transient high-power load occurs on the output side, the fixed proportional conversion circuit 102 pulls down the high-voltage bus energy, and the bus capacitor CBUS voltage drops by a preset amount, providing a buffer for the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101, so that the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 can convert the input side energy to the high-voltage bus.

[0046] During reverse operation, the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 responds by pushing the peak power injected from the output side back to the high-voltage bus, causing the bus capacitor CBUS voltage to rise to provide buffering and triggering the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 to reverse operation, enabling the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 to convert energy to the input side.

[0047] It should be noted that the bidirectional voltage conversion regulator circuit provided in this application mainly consists of a bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101, a bus capacitor CBUS, a fixed ratio conversion circuit 102, and a high-voltage bus. The input side is connected to the output side in sequence via the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101, the high-voltage bus, and the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102. One end of the bus capacitor CBUS is connected to the high-voltage bus, and the other end is grounded, playing a key role in buffering and filtering.

[0048] In forward operation mode, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 accurately regulates the output voltage through closed-loop control, and strives to maintain the high-voltage bus voltage at the set value, ensuring the stable operation of the entire circuit.

[0049] The fixed proportional conversion circuit 102 efficiently converts the high-voltage bus voltage into the output voltage required by the output side according to the preset proportional coefficient K. The output voltage calculation formula is Vout = high-voltage bus voltage / K. The conventional range of the proportional coefficient K is determined according to the actual scenario to meet the voltage conversion ratio requirements of different application scenarios.

[0050] When the output side encounters a sudden surge in high-power load, the fixed proportional converter circuit 102, with its open-loop control advantage, responds extremely quickly and rapidly reduces the energy on the high-voltage bus. At this time, the voltage of the bus capacitor CBUS drops by a preset amount, using its stored energy to provide buffer support for the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101. This buys the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 valuable time to efficiently convert the input-side energy to the high-voltage bus, thereby ensuring the relative stability of the output voltage under transient load changes.

[0051] In reverse operation mode, the peak power injected into the output side will trigger a rapid response from the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102, which will push the power back to the high voltage bus.

[0052] This reverse process causes the voltage of the bus capacitor CBUS to rise, providing buffer energy for its subsequent operation. At the same time, this voltage rise will trigger the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 to enter the reverse operation mode.

[0053] In reverse operation mode, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 can efficiently convert energy from the high-voltage bus to the input side, realizing bidirectional energy flow and conversion, and meeting the needs of bidirectional energy transmission in different application scenarios.

[0054] Furthermore, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 is one of a BUCK-BOOST circuit, BOOST circuit, half-bridge circuit, full-bridge circuit, or push-pull circuit; the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 is one of a full-bridge circuit, half-bridge circuit, or push-pull circuit.

[0055] Furthermore, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 is a BUCK-BOOST circuit, including a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, and an inductor L1;

[0056] The positive terminal of the input side is connected to the negative terminal of the input side in sequence through the first switch S1 and the second switch S2; the second switch S2 is connected to the high voltage bus in sequence through the fourth switch S4 and the third switch S3; the fourth switch S4 is also connected to the common point of the bus capacitor CBUS and the reference ground; one end of the inductor L1 is connected to the common point of the first switch S1 and the second switch S2, and the other end is connected to the common point of the third switch S3 and the fourth switch S4.

[0057] The external control circuit is connected to the control terminals of the first switch S1, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, and the fourth switch S4, respectively.

[0058] It should be noted that the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 adopts a BUCK-BOOST circuit structure. Faced with transient power changes in the load, it relies on the bus capacitor CBUS for buffering and timely circuit adjustments to quickly stabilize the output voltage and reduce the risk of failure. This circuit features low switching losses, and the inductor L1 and bus capacitor CBUS efficiently store and transfer energy, improving power conversion efficiency. Furthermore, its flexible and versatile structure allows for flexible switching of operating modes to adapt to different application scenarios.

[0059] Furthermore, the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 is a half-bridge circuit, including a fifth switch S5, a sixth switch S6, a seventh switch S7, an eighth switch S8, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, an output capacitor, and a transformer;

[0060] The high-voltage bus is connected to one end of the fifth switch S5, and the other end of the fifth switch S5 is connected to one end of the sixth switch S6. The other end of the sixth switch S6 is connected to the common point of the bus capacitor CBUS and the reference ground. One end of the fifth switch S5 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C2 through the first capacitor C1. The other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the sixth switch S6. The first input terminal of the transformer is connected to the common point of the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch S6. The second input terminal of the transformer is connected to the common point of the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2. The first output terminal of the transformer is connected to the second output terminal of the transformer through the seventh switch S7 and the eighth switch S8. The third output terminal of the transformer is connected to the output side. One end of the output capacitor Cout is connected to the common point of the third output terminal of the transformer and the output side, and the other end is connected to the common point of the seventh switch S7, the eighth switch S8 and the reference ground.

[0061] The external control circuit is connected to the control terminals of the fifth switch S5, the sixth switch S6, the seventh switch S7, and the eighth switch S8, respectively.

[0062] Furthermore, during forward operation, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 executes in each control cycle:

[0063] In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 to be turned on, while the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 are turned off.

[0064] In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 to be turned on, while the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 are turned off.

[0065] The fixed-ratio conversion circuit 102 executes in each control cycle:

[0066] In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8 to be turned on, and the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 to be turned off.

[0067] In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 to turn on, while the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8 are turned off.

[0068] It should be noted that the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 operates in two phases: First, the external control circuit turns on the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4, while turning off the second switch S2 and the third switch S3. Current flows from the positive terminal of the input side through S1 and inductor L1, then through S4 to the high-voltage bus, simultaneously charging the bus capacitor CBUS. At this time, inductor L1 stores energy, and the high-voltage bus voltage gradually rises and stabilizes near the set value. Second, the external control circuit turns on the second switch S2 and the third switch S3, while turning off the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4. Current flows from the high-voltage bus through the third switch S3 and the second switch S2, forming a loop through inductor L1. Inductor L1 releases energy, maintaining the stability of the high-voltage bus voltage. This process alternates with the first phase to ensure a stable voltage output to the fixed-ratio conversion circuit 102.

[0069] In the fixed-ratio converter circuit 102, during the first stage, the external control circuit turns on the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8, while turning off the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7. The voltage from the high-voltage bus passes through S5 and the primary side of the transformer, and after rectification by the eighth switch S8, it is output to the output side, achieving a step-down conversion and providing a stable voltage for the low-voltage load. In the second stage, the external control circuit turns on the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7, while turning off the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8. Current passes through S6 and the primary side of the transformer, and after rectification by S7, it continues to be output to the output side, maintaining the stability of the low-voltage output. This process alternates with the first stage to ensure the continuity and stability of the low-voltage output.

[0070] Furthermore, during reverse operation, the fixed-ratio conversion circuit 102 executes in each control cycle:

[0071] In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch S6 to be turned on, and the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 to be turned off.

[0072] In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 to turn on, and the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch S6 to turn off.

[0073] The bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 executes in each control cycle:

[0074] In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 to be turned on, while the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 are turned off.

[0075] In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 to turn on, and the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 to turn off.

[0076] It should be noted that the fixed-ratio conversion circuit 102 operates in two phases: Phase 1: The external control circuit turns on the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8, while turning off the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7. The low voltage at the output side flows through the primary winding of the transformer, is rectified by the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8, and then transmitted to the high-voltage bus. During this process, the transformer boosts the voltage, transferring energy from the low-voltage side to the high-voltage side. Phase 2: The external control circuit turns on the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7, while turning off the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8. Current flows through the primary winding of the transformer, with S6 and S7 forming a freewheeling circuit to ensure the transformer core reset and the continuity of energy transmission. This process alternates with the first phase, achieving efficient energy conversion from low voltage to high voltage.

[0077] Operating stages of the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101:

[0078] Phase 1: The external control circuit turns on the second switch S2 and the third switch S3, while turning off the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4. Current flows from the high-voltage bus through the third switch S3 and inductor L1, and then back to the high-voltage bus through S2. Inductor L1 stores energy, and the conduction of S2 and S3 provides a low-impedance path for the high-voltage bus, maintaining voltage stability.

[0079] Phase Two: The external control circuit turns on the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4, while turning off the second switch S2 and the third switch S3. Inductor L1 releases energy, and current flows through the S1 and S4 loops to provide continuous energy to the high-voltage bus. This phase alternates with the first phase, ensuring that the high-voltage bus voltage remains stable at the target value, achieving efficient energy buffering and voltage stabilization.

[0080] Furthermore, the switching transistor is any one of a silicon-based MOSFET device, a silicon carbide device, or a gallium nitride device.

[0081] like Figure 2 As shown, this application also provides a bidirectional voltage conversion regulator control circuit, including a control circuit and any of the above-mentioned bidirectional voltage conversion regulator circuits.

[0082] The control circuit is connected to the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 and the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 respectively:

[0083] During forward operation, the control circuit controls the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 to regulate the output voltage to maintain the set value of the high-voltage bus voltage, and controls the fixed proportional conversion circuit 102 to convert the high-voltage bus voltage to the output voltage on the output side according to the preset proportional coefficient. When a transient high-power load occurs on the output side, the control circuit responds by causing the fixed proportional conversion circuit 102 to pull down the high-voltage bus energy, and the bus capacitor CBUS voltage drops by a preset amount, providing a buffer for the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101, so that the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 can convert the input side energy to the high-voltage bus.

[0084] In reverse operation, the control circuit triggers the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102 to push the peak power injected from the output side back to the high voltage bus, causing the bus capacitor CBUS voltage to rise to provide buffering, and triggers the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 to operate in reverse, so that the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 can convert energy to the input side.

[0085] In one embodiment, the bidirectional voltage conversion regulator circuit provided in this application mainly consists of a bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101, a bus capacitor CBUS, a fixed ratio conversion circuit 102, and a high-voltage bus. The input side is connected to the output side in sequence via the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101, the high-voltage bus, and the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102. One end of the bus capacitor CBUS is connected to the high-voltage bus, and the other end is grounded, playing a key role in buffering and filtering.

[0086] In forward operation mode, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 accurately regulates the output voltage through closed-loop control, and strives to maintain the high-voltage bus voltage at the set value, ensuring the stable operation of the entire circuit.

[0087] The fixed proportional conversion circuit 102 efficiently converts the high-voltage bus voltage into the output voltage required by the output side according to the preset proportional coefficient K. The output voltage calculation formula is Vout = high-voltage bus voltage / K. The conventional range of the proportional coefficient K is determined according to the actual scenario to meet the voltage conversion ratio requirements of different application scenarios.

[0088] When the output side encounters a sudden surge in high-power load, the fixed proportional converter circuit 102, with its open-loop control advantage, responds extremely quickly and rapidly reduces the energy on the high-voltage bus. At this time, the voltage of the bus capacitor CBUS drops by a preset amount, using its stored energy to provide buffer support for the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101. This buys the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 valuable time to efficiently convert the input-side energy to the high-voltage bus, thereby ensuring the relative stability of the output voltage under transient load changes.

[0089] In reverse operation mode, the peak power injected into the output side will trigger a rapid response from the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102, which will push the power back to the high voltage bus.

[0090] This reverse process causes the voltage of the bus capacitor CBUS to rise, providing buffer energy for its subsequent operation. At the same time, this voltage rise will trigger the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 to enter the reverse operation mode.

[0091] In reverse operation mode, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 can efficiently convert energy from the high-voltage bus to the input side, realizing bidirectional energy flow and conversion, and meeting the needs of bidirectional energy transmission in different application scenarios.

[0092] During forward operation, the control circuit drives the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 of the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 to conduct, while the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 are turned off. Current flows through the first switch S1, inductor L1, and the fourth switch S4 to the high-voltage bus, simultaneously charging the CBUS and storing energy in inductor L1. Then, the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 are turned on, while the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 are turned off. Current flows through the third switch S3, the second switch S2, and inductor L1 to form a loop, releasing energy from inductor L1 and maintaining the high-voltage bus voltage stability. Simultaneously, the control circuit drives the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8 of the fixed proportional converter circuit 102 to conduct, while the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 are turned off. The high-voltage bus voltage is stepped down by the transformer and rectified by the eighth switch S8 to output a low voltage. Then, the sixth switch S6 and the seventh switch S7 are turned on, while the fifth switch S5 and the eighth switch S8 are turned off. The current flows through the sixth switch S6, the transformer, and the seventh switch S7 to ensure continuous and stable output.

[0093] In reverse operation, the control circuit drives the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch S6 of the fixed proportional converter circuit 102 to conduct, while the seventh switch S7 and the eighth switch S8 are turned off. The low voltage on the output side is boosted by the transformer, rectified by the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch S6, and then transmitted to the high voltage bus. Then, the seventh switch S7 and the eighth switch S8 are turned on, while the fifth switch S5 and the sixth switch S6 are turned off. The current flows through the seventh switch S7, the transformer, and the eighth switch S8 to ensure continuous energy transmission. At the same time, the control circuit drives the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 of the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 to conduct, while the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 are turned off. The current flows through the third switch S3, the inductor L1, and the second switch S2 circuit. The inductor L1 stores energy to maintain the stability of the high voltage bus voltage. Then, the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 are turned on, the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 are turned off, the inductor L1 releases energy, and the current flows through the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 circuit to ensure the high voltage bus voltage is stable.

[0094] Furthermore, the control circuit includes:

[0095] The PWM generator is electrically connected to the control terminals of the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit 101 and the fixed ratio conversion circuit 102, respectively.

[0096] It should be noted that this bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation control circuit possesses high-precision voltage regulation and efficient conversion capabilities. Through a PWM generator, it precisely controls the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 and the fixed proportional converter circuit 102, achieving stable conversion of the input high voltage and buck or boost conversion to meet different load requirements, thus improving the stability and reliability of equipment operation. The PWM generator can also quickly adjust the output signal duty cycle, enabling real-time control of the circuit's operating state. This ensures rapid stabilization of the output voltage during transient power changes in the load, reducing the risk of equipment failure and guaranteeing power quality. It is suitable for applications with high power quality requirements, such as high-frequency switching power supplies and industrial automation control systems. The control circuit and the bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit are closely integrated to form a highly integrated power management system with overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature protection functions. It can automatically cut off the power supply or take protective measures, improving the reliability and safety of the circuit and effectively enhancing the overall performance and stability of the system.

[0097] Furthermore, it also includes: a positive feedback compensation circuit, electrically connected to the high-voltage bus, used to monitor the voltage of the high-voltage bus and to provide feedback compensation based on the deviation between the high-voltage bus voltage and the preset target value;

[0098] The reverse feedback compensation circuit is electrically connected to the input side and is used to monitor the output voltage on the input side and perform feedback compensation based on the deviation between the output voltage and the preset target value.

[0099] It should be noted that this bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation control circuit possesses high-precision voltage regulation and efficient conversion capabilities. Through a PWM generator, it precisely controls the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-regulator circuit 101 and the fixed proportional converter circuit 102, achieving stable conversion of the input high voltage and buck or boost conversion to meet different load requirements, improving equipment operational stability and reliability. The PWM generator can also quickly adjust the output signal duty cycle, achieving real-time control of the circuit's operating state, ensuring rapid stabilization of the output voltage during transient power changes in the load, reducing equipment failure risks, and guaranteeing power quality. It is suitable for high-frequency switching power supplies, industrial automation control systems, and other applications with high power quality requirements. The control circuit and the bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit are closely integrated to form a highly integrated power management system with overvoltage, overcurrent, and overtemperature protection functions. It can automatically cut off the power supply or take protective measures, improving circuit reliability and safety, and effectively enhancing the overall system performance and stability. The addition of positive and negative feedback compensation circuits further optimizes the circuit's voltage regulation accuracy and dynamic response capability, ensuring stable operation of the circuit under different operating conditions.

[0100] It is understood that the above embodiments only illustrate preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model patent. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, free combinations of the above technical features and various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present utility model should fall within the coverage of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit, characterized in that, It includes a bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit (101), a bus capacitor (CBUS), a fixed ratio conversion circuit (102), and a high-voltage bus; The input side is connected to the output side in sequence through the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit (101), the high-voltage bus, and the fixed ratio conversion circuit (102); one end of the bus capacitor (CBUS) is connected to the high-voltage bus, and the other end is grounded; During forward operation, the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit (101) regulates the output to maintain the set value of the high-voltage bus voltage, and the fixed ratio conversion circuit (102) converts the high-voltage bus voltage into the output voltage of the output side according to a preset ratio coefficient; when a transient high-power load occurs on the output side, the fixed ratio conversion circuit (102) pulls down the high-voltage bus energy, and the bus capacitor (CBUS) voltage drops by a preset amount, providing a buffer for the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit (101), so that the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit (101) can convert the input side energy to the high-voltage bus; In reverse operation, the fixed ratio conversion circuit (102) responds by pushing the peak power injected into the output side back to the high voltage bus, causing the bus capacitor (CBUS) voltage to rise to provide buffering and triggering the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit (101) to operate in reverse, so that the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit (101) can convert energy to the input side.

2. The bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit (101) is one of a BUCK-BOOST circuit, BOOST circuit, half-bridge circuit, full-bridge circuit, or push-pull circuit; the fixed ratio conversion circuit (102) is one of a full-bridge circuit, half-bridge circuit, or push-pull circuit.

3. The bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit (101) is the BUCK-BOOST circuit, which includes a first switch (S1), a second switch (S2), a third switch (S3), a fourth switch (S4), and an inductor (L1). The positive terminal of the input side is connected to the negative terminal of the input side in sequence through the first switch (S1) and the second switch (S2); the second switch (S2) is connected to the high-voltage bus in sequence through the fourth switch (S4) and the third switch (S3); the fourth switch (S4) is also connected to the common point of the bus capacitor (CBUS) and the reference ground; one end of the inductor (L1) is connected to the common point of the first switch (S1) and the second switch (S2), and the other end is connected to the common point of the third switch (S3) and the fourth switch (S4); External control circuits are connected to the control terminals of the first switch (S1), the second switch (S2), the third switch (S3), and the fourth switch (S4), respectively.

4. The bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed ratio conversion circuit (102) is a half-bridge circuit, including a fifth switch (S5), a sixth switch (S6), a seventh switch (S7), an eighth switch (S8), a first capacitor (C1), a second capacitor (C2), an output capacitor, and a transformer. The high-voltage bus is connected to one end of the fifth switch (S5), and the other end of the fifth switch (S5) is connected to one end of the sixth switch (S6). The other end of the sixth switch (S6) is connected to the common point of the bus capacitor (CBUS) and the reference ground. One end of the fifth switch (S5) is connected to one end of the second capacitor (C2) through the first capacitor (C1), and the other end of the second capacitor (C2) is connected to the other end of the sixth switch (S6). The first input terminal of the transformer is connected to the common point of the fifth switch (S5) and the sixth switch (S6), and the second input terminal of the transformer is connected to the first capacitor. The common point of the second capacitor (C1) and the second capacitor (C2), the first output terminal of the transformer is connected to the second output terminal of the transformer through the seventh switch (S7) and the eighth switch (S8), the third output terminal of the transformer is connected to the output side, one end of the output capacitor (Cout) is connected to the common point of the third output terminal of the transformer and the output side, and the other end is connected to the common point of the seventh switch (S7), the eighth switch (S8) and the reference ground; the external control circuit is connected to the control terminals of the fifth switch (S5), the sixth switch (S6), the seventh switch (S7) and the eighth switch (S8) respectively.

5. The bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, During forward operation, the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit (101) executes in each control cycle: In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the first switch (S1) and the fourth switch (S4) to be turned on, while the second switch (S2) and the third switch (S3) are turned off. In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the second switch (S2) and the third switch (S3) to be turned on, while the first switch (S1) and the fourth switch (S4) are turned off. The fixed-ratio conversion circuit executes in each control cycle: In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the fifth switch (S5) and the eighth switch (S8) to be turned on, and the sixth switch (S6) and the seventh switch (S7) to be turned off. In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the sixth switch (S6) and the seventh switch (S7) to be turned on, and the fifth switch (S5) and the eighth switch (S8) to be turned off.

6. The bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, In reverse operation, the fixed-ratio conversion circuit executes in each control cycle: In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the fifth switch (S5) and the eighth switch (S8) to be turned on, and the sixth switch (S6) and the seventh switch (S7) to be turned off. In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the sixth switch (S6) and the seventh switch (S7) to be turned on, and the fifth switch (S5) and the eighth switch (S8) to be turned off. The bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit executes in each control cycle: In the first stage, the external control circuit controls the second switch (S2) and the third switch (S3) to be turned on, while the first switch (S1) and the fourth switch (S4) are turned off. In the second stage, the external control circuit controls the first switch (S1) and the fourth switch (S4) to be turned on, and the second switch (S2) and the third switch (S3) to be turned off.

7. The bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The switching transistor can be any one of a silicon-based MOSFET device, a silicon carbide device, or a gallium nitride device.

8. A bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation control circuit, characterized in that, Includes a control circuit and a bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation circuit as described in any one of claims 1-7; The control circuit is connected to the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit (101) and the fixed ratio conversion circuit (102), respectively. During forward operation, the control circuit controls the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit (101) to regulate the output voltage to maintain the set value of the high-voltage bus voltage, and controls the fixed ratio conversion circuit (102) to convert the high-voltage bus voltage to the output voltage on the output side according to a preset ratio coefficient; when a transient high-power load occurs on the output side, the control circuit responds by causing the fixed ratio conversion circuit (102) to pull down the high-voltage bus energy, and the bus capacitor (CBUS) voltage drops by a preset amount to provide a buffer for the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit (101), so that the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit (101) can convert the input side energy to the high-voltage bus; In reverse operation, the control circuit triggers the fixed ratio conversion circuit (102) to push the peak power injected into the output side back to the high voltage bus, causing the bus capacitor (CBUS) voltage to rise to provide a buffer, and triggers the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit (101) to operate in reverse, so that the bidirectional regulator / semi-regulator circuit (101) can convert energy to the input side.

9. The bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation control circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The control circuit includes: The PWM generator is electrically connected to the control terminals of the bidirectional voltage regulator / semi-voltage regulator circuit and the fixed ratio conversion circuit (102), respectively.

10. The bidirectional voltage conversion and regulation control circuit according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: A positive feedback compensation circuit is electrically connected to the high-voltage bus and is used to monitor the voltage of the high-voltage bus and perform feedback compensation based on the deviation between the high-voltage bus voltage and a preset target value. A feedback compensation circuit, electrically connected to the input side, is used to monitor the output voltage of the input side and perform feedback compensation based on the deviation between the output voltage and a preset target value.

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