Intelligent monitoring device for integrity of co2 geological storage environment

Abstract

The application relates to a CO2 geological storage environment integrity intelligent monitoring device, which comprises a solar power supply device, a CO2 concentration monitoring device, a ground surface deformation monitoring device, a groundwater monitoring device, a microseismic monitoring device and a data transmission device. The device realizes integrated and intelligent monitoring of nine environmental factors of three interfaces, i.e. a shallow stratum, a ground surface and near-ground surface atmosphere, reduces human input, avoids the intermittence of artificial monitoring, and is beneficial to comprehensively, scientifically and timely reflecting the influence of the environment integrity of the storage site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of CO2 geological storage technology, specifically to an intelligent monitoring device for the environmental integrity of CO2 geological storage. Background Technology

[0002] During CO2 geological storage, damage to the wellbore, failure of the caprock's sealing, or abnormal formation pressure can cause CO2 and its associated organisms (such as high-salinity formation water and secondary byproducts like heavy metals) to migrate to shallow aquifers through faults, fractures, and damaged wellbore sites, leading to groundwater contamination. Simultaneously, CO2 may leak into the atmosphere through fault zones or wellbore sites, reducing storage efficiency. Furthermore, large-scale storage projects, due to their high injection intensity and large scale, can cause surface deformation and exacerbate leakage risks. The core objective of environmental integrity is to achieve the "three zeros" standard: no CO2 leakage into the atmosphere, no groundwater contamination, and no significant earthquakes. This places stringent requirements on storage site selection, injection process design, and long-term monitoring.

[0003] Conducting environmental integrity monitoring of CO2 geological storage is a core support for ensuring storage safety and achieving effective management of on-site environmental integrity. This monitoring requires real-time monitoring of the dynamic changes of three environmental elements: atmosphere, seismic activity, and groundwater, in order to conduct systematic assessments. However, existing monitoring equipment is insufficient to cope with the challenges of complex geological conditions and the systematic and intelligent monitoring of multiple environmental elements.

[0004] Currently, monitoring of shallow groundwater at CO2 geological storage sites primarily relies on periodic manual sampling. Furthermore, monitoring is concentrated in unconfined aquifers, which are too shallow to enable early leak identification and warning. For surface deformation monitoring, geodetic surveying or satellite remote sensing are commonly used, but these methods fall short of the real-time online and intelligent monitoring requirements in terms of timeliness and convenience. Regarding seismic monitoring, given the relatively small scale of CO2 geological storage in China, seismic monitoring is not yet implemented in most areas.

[0005] In conclusion, it is of particular importance to design an all-weather intelligent monitoring device with a wide monitoring range, comprehensive monitoring elements, and the ability to realize the entire life cycle of CO2 geological sequestration. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide an intelligent monitoring device for the environmental integrity of CO2 geological storage. This device combines multiple monitoring methods to achieve integrated real-time monitoring of multiple environmental elements at three interfaces: shallow strata, surface, and near-surface atmosphere. This improves the safety and effectiveness of CO2 geological storage projects and provides support for leakage risk prevention and control, environmental integrity management, and carbon emission reduction accounting in CO2 geological storage projects.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0008] An intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of CO2 geological storage environment includes: a solar power supply device, a CO2 concentration monitoring device, a surface deformation monitoring device, a groundwater monitoring device, a microseismic monitoring device, and a data transmission device;

[0009] The solar power supply device is electrically connected to the air CO2 concentration monitoring device, the microseismic monitoring device, and the data transmission device, respectively, and is used to supply power to the air CO2 concentration monitoring device, the microseismic monitoring device, and the data transmission device. The solar power supply device includes a solar panel, a solar pole, and a solar battery. The solar panel and the solar battery are both mounted on the solar pole. The surface deformation monitoring device has a built-in battery. Furthermore, the surface deformation monitoring device is self-powered by the battery, has a tilt angle range of 0-90°, and its detection accuracy is 0.005°.

[0010] The air CO2 concentration monitoring device is installed on a solar pole to acquire the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and obtain CO2 concentration data in the atmosphere at different time intervals. The time interval is adjusted according to the monitoring requirements.

[0011] The groundwater monitoring device is installed in the well casing of the groundwater monitoring well, and the solar pole is located near the groundwater monitoring well. It is used to obtain groundwater level, water temperature, pH, conductivity, redox potential and CO2 concentration in the water to obtain groundwater data.

[0012] The surface deformation monitoring device is installed on the ground to obtain the surface tilt direction and tilt angle, and to obtain surface tilt data.

[0013] The microseismic monitoring device is installed near the solar panel pole and is used to monitor microseismic activity caused by CO2 injection into the reservoir.

[0014] The data transmission device is communicatively connected to the surface deformation monitoring device, the groundwater monitoring device, and the microseismic monitoring device, and is used to transmit the data collected by the surface deformation monitoring device, the groundwater monitoring device, and the microseismic monitoring device. The time interval for data collection and acquisition is set according to the monitoring requirements.

[0015] Furthermore, the air CO2 concentration monitoring device includes an air CO2 sensor.

[0016] Furthermore, the air CO2 sensor includes a CO2 sensor and a wireless terminal device. The CO2 sensor is used to collect the CO2 concentration in the air, and the wireless terminal device is used to transmit the data acquired by the air CO2 sensor.

[0017] Furthermore, the CO2 sensor in the air is located 1m-3m above the ground, preferably 1.5m-2.5m above the ground.

[0018] Furthermore, the groundwater monitoring well is equipped with monitoring sensors, including a groundwater level sensor, a water temperature sensor, a pH sensor, a conductivity sensor, a redox potential sensor, and a CO2 concentration sensor in the water.

[0019] Furthermore, the groundwater monitoring well is equipped with a groundwater monitoring wellhead protection device, which is located directly above the monitoring well and is used to house the data transmission device.

[0020] Furthermore, the monitoring well structure types include single-pipe single-layer structure, single-pipe multi-layer structure, and multi-pipe multi-layer structure. The inner diameter of the monitoring well is 6-20cm. The material of the groundwater monitoring well casing meets the strength and corrosion resistance requirements during the monitoring period. The inner diameter of the monitoring well must be able to accommodate the sensor.

[0021] Furthermore, the groundwater monitoring well monitors a confined aquifer below the unconfined aquifer, specifically a confined aquifer below the unconfined aquifer that is less affected by human activities, in order to achieve early detection of leaks.

[0022] Furthermore, the microseismic monitoring device is a microseismic detector, including a series of three-component seismic detectors, a data transmission cable, and a data acquisition card.

[0023] Furthermore, the data transmission device employs wireless communication, and the data transmission device using wireless communication has moisture-proof and high-temperature resistance capabilities.

[0024] This utility model also provides a CO2 geological storage environment integrity monitoring device designed in this application for realizing CO2 geological storage environment integrity monitoring, as follows:

[0025] (1) CO2 geological storage environment integrity monitoring system

[0026] The CO2 geological storage environment integrity monitoring system consists of four devices: near-surface air CO2 concentration monitoring, surface deformation monitoring, shallow groundwater monitoring, and solar power supply.

[0027] The monitoring of CO2 concentration in the surface air specifically includes atmospheric CO2 concentration, wind speed, and wind direction. CO2 concentration monitoring uses a CO2 sensor installed on a solar-powered pole, approximately 1.5-2.5 meters above the ground. The highest detected concentration is no less than 3-5 times the local atmospheric CO2 content.

[0028] The CO2 sensor includes at least one CO2 sensor and one wireless terminal unit (DTU), the former for collecting CO2 concentration in the air and the latter for data transmission.

[0029] The surface deformation monitoring uses a tiltmeter, which includes at least two functions: data acquisition and wireless transmission. The monitoring indicators include at least the tilt direction and tilt angle.

[0030] The inclinometer is fixed on the hardened ground, near the solar power system pole.

[0031] Shallow groundwater monitoring is based on groundwater monitoring wells. Monitoring indicators include at least water level, water temperature, pH, conductivity, redox potential, and CO2 concentration in the water. Sensors for each parameter can be integrated or used individually, and a data transmission device is required. Sensors and data transmission devices are connected via cables, which must meet the sensor's load-bearing and corrosion requirements throughout the monitoring period.

[0032] The groundwater monitoring well is located near the solar power system pole and is equipped with a wellhead protection device. The monitoring well structure includes, but is not limited to, single-pipe single-layer and single-pipe multi-layer structures. For single-pipe multi-layer groundwater monitoring wells, layered monitoring is implemented. The well casing material must meet the strength and corrosion resistance requirements throughout the monitoring period.

[0033] The shallow groundwater monitoring layer should be selected from relatively deep confined aquifers that are available for human use but are not currently being used by humans and are less affected by human activities. The diameter of the monitoring well should be large enough to accommodate the sensor to be placed.

[0034] The solar power supply is used to provide power to the aforementioned sensors and is connected to each sensor or data transmission device via cables.

[0035] The aforementioned sensors monitor data transmission via wireless communication, and the acquisition and transmission frequency can be manually set.

[0036] The deployment of the monitoring system needs to take into account the location of CO2 injection wells, the amount of CO2 injection and the predicted range of impact, the surface topography, the distribution of faults, and the direction of groundwater flow in the groundwater monitoring layer.

[0037] The environmental integrity monitoring system needs to be deployed before the injection phase of the CO2 geological sequestration project to collect environmental element monitoring data over a period of time, which will serve as background values ​​for subsequent monitoring result analysis.

[0038] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The intelligent monitoring device for the environmental integrity of CO2 geological storage in this application realizes integrated and intelligent monitoring of nine environmental elements across three interfaces: shallow strata, surface, and near-surface atmosphere. This reduces manpower input and avoids the intermittency of human monitoring, which is conducive to comprehensively, scientifically, and timely reflecting the impact on the environmental integrity of the storage site.

[0040] The intelligent monitoring device for the environmental integrity of CO2 geological storage described in this application, powered by a solar energy source, enables continuous 24-hour operation of the monitoring device. It includes CO2 concentration monitoring, surface deformation monitoring, groundwater monitoring, and microseismic monitoring devices, providing comprehensive monitoring of multiple environmental elements, including the near-surface atmosphere, the ground surface, and shallow aquifers. Furthermore, it enables full lifecycle monitoring of CO2 geological storage before, during, and after injection, featuring full coverage, comprehensive elements, full lifecycle, and all-weather capabilities. This device provides complete and practical dynamic data on environmental elements for on-site environmental integrity management, and will become an important tool for demonstrating the safety and effectiveness of CO2 geological storage and for environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of the geological storage environment in a specific embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the groundwater monitoring device used in the specific implementation of this application.

[0044] In the diagram: 1. Solar panel; 2. Solar pole; 3. Solar battery; 4. Airborne CO2 sensor; 5. Surface tiltmeter; 6. Groundwater monitoring wellhead protection device; 7. Data transmission device; 8. Groundwater level sensor; 9. Water temperature sensor; 10. pH sensor; 11. Conductivity sensor; 12. Oxidation-reduction potential sensor; 13. CO2 concentration sensor in water; 14. Groundwater monitoring well; 15. Cable; 16. Microseismic detector; 17. Intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of CO2 geological storage environment. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] See Figure 1 ,Depend on Figure 1The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of the CO2 geological storage environment includes: a solar power supply device, a CO2 concentration monitoring device, a surface deformation monitoring device, a groundwater monitoring device, a microseismic monitoring device, and a data transmission device.

[0047] The solar power supply device includes a solar panel 1, a solar pole 2, and a solar battery 3. The solar pole 2 is fixed on the ground, and both the solar panel 1 and the solar battery 3 are mounted on the solar pole 2. The solar panel 1 and the solar battery 3 are electrically connected. The solar panel 1 converts light energy into electrical energy, which is then stored in the solar battery 3. The solar battery 3 is electrically connected to other devices to provide power to them. The ground deformation measuring device has a built-in battery that powers itself. The solar power supply device stores light energy in the solar battery 3 to ensure 24-hour power supply.

[0048] The CO2 concentration monitoring device is installed on the solar pole 2, 1-5m above the ground, to obtain the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and obtain the CO2 concentration data in the atmosphere. The CO2 concentration monitoring device includes at least one air CO2 sensor 4. The air CO2 sensor 4 includes at least one CO2 sensor and a wireless terminal unit (DTU). The CO2 sensor is used to collect the CO2 concentration in the air, and the wireless terminal unit (DTU) is used for data transmission.

[0049] The surface deformation monitoring device is fixedly installed on the hardened ground near the solar power supply device to obtain the surface tilt direction and tilt angle, and to obtain surface tilt data. The surface deformation monitoring device includes a surface tilt meter 5, whose tilt range is 0-90° and whose detection accuracy is 0.005°, which can more accurately monitor the activity of the surface.

[0050] The groundwater monitoring device is installed in a groundwater monitoring well, which is located near the solar power supply pole. It has a wellhead protection device 6. The groundwater monitoring device includes monitoring sensors. Figure 2 As can be seen, the groundwater monitoring device includes monitoring sensors, including a groundwater level sensor 8, a water temperature sensor 9, a pH sensor 10, a conductivity sensor 11, a redox potential sensor 12, and a CO2 concentration sensor 13. These sensors can acquire data on water level, temperature, pH, conductivity, redox potential, and CO2 concentration in shallow groundwater. Each type of sensor can be integrated or used individually, and a data transmission device is provided. The sensors and the data transmission device are connected via cables, which must meet the load-bearing and corrosion requirements of the sensors during the monitoring period.

[0051] The CO2 concentration monitoring device can continuously acquire surface CO2 concentration information, and the surface monitoring device and microseismic monitoring device can monitor topographic changes in real time. The groundwater monitoring device can monitor groundwater conditions and groundwater CO2 concentration in real time. The monitored influencing factors include surface and groundwater CO2 concentration, surface deformation, geological changes, groundwater level, water temperature, pH, conductivity, and redox potential, providing more comprehensive real-time monitoring.

[0052] Taking a CO2 geological sealing site as an example, considering the injection well location, surrounding faults, aquifer distribution, and groundwater flow direction, environmental integrity monitoring devices are designed and installed around the injection well, upstream, downstream, on both sides, and near the fault. To identify CO2 leakage risks as early as possible and minimize the impact of human activities on shallow groundwater monitoring, the currently unused third confined aquifer is selected as the monitoring layer. The groundwater monitoring wells are vertical wells with an inner diameter ranging from 6 to 20 cm. Specific well diameters include 6 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm, sufficient to accommodate the sensors. These wells include single-layer, single-tube multi-layer, and multi-tube multi-layer structures, with the well casing made of PVC-U.

[0053] The main parameters of the sensors and power supply for each environmental integrity monitoring device are as follows:

[0054] (1) Temperature sensor: Monitoring range 0-50℃;

[0055] (2) Water level sensor: measuring range 0-80m;

[0056] (3) pH sensor: Measurement range 1-13;

[0057] (4) Redox potential sensor: Measurement range ±1999mV;

[0058] (5) Conductivity sensor: range 0-200mS / cm;

[0059] (6) CO2 sensor in water: range 0-340mg / L;

[0060] (7) CO2 sensor in air: range 0-2000ppm;

[0061] (8) Surface inclinometer: range 0-90°, accuracy 0.005°;

[0062] (9) Microseismic Detector 16: Includes monitoring of both P-wave and S-wave components

[0063] (10) The height of the solar pole is 3.3m, the power of the solar panel is 24W, and the output voltage is 12V.

[0064] The aforementioned sensors include a ground tilt meter placed next to the solar panel pole, and an air CO2 sensor in different environmental integrity monitoring devices that can be set at multiple heights, placed on the solar panel pole at distances of 100cm, 150cm, 200cm, 250cm, and 300cm from the ground surface. The remaining sensors are placed inside the monitoring well, 20-30m below the water surface.

[0065] Based on IoT and modern information technology, the data collected by the aforementioned monitoring sensors are transmitted to the management platform at a frequency of 1 hour and displayed on the CO2 geological storage environment integrity monitoring and prediction device. Table 1 shows some of the monitoring data changing over time.

[0066] Table 1

[0067]

[0068] As shown in Table 1, the intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of the CO2 geological storage environment provided in this application can monitor relevant data on CO2 leakage in groundwater in real time, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of CO2 leakage.

[0069] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A kind The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of geological preservation environment is characterized by, include: Solar power supply devices, air Concentration monitoring devices, surface deformation monitoring devices, groundwater monitoring devices, microseismic monitoring devices, and data transmission devices; The solar power supply device is connected to the air. The concentration monitoring device, the microseismic monitoring device, and the data transmission device are electrically connected; the solar power supply device includes a solar panel (1), a solar pole (2), and a solar battery (3), and the solar panel (1) and the solar battery (3) are both mounted on the solar pole (2); The air The concentration monitoring device is installed on the solar pole (2) to obtain atmospheric concentration data. Concentration, obtained in the atmosphere Concentration data; The groundwater monitoring device is installed in the well shaft of the groundwater monitoring well (14), and the solar pole (2) is installed near the well shaft of the groundwater monitoring well (14). The groundwater monitoring device is used to obtain the groundwater level, water temperature, pH, conductivity, redox potential, and water content of the groundwater. Concentration, to obtain dynamic data of groundwater; The surface deformation monitoring device is installed on the ground near the well shaft of the groundwater monitoring well (14) to obtain the surface tilt direction and tilt angle, and to obtain surface tilt data; The microseismic monitoring device is installed near the solar panel pole (2) for monitoring. Microseismic activity induced by reservoir injection; The data transmission device is communicatively connected to the surface deformation monitoring device, the groundwater monitoring device, and the microseismic monitoring device, and is used to transmit the data collected by the surface deformation monitoring device, the groundwater monitoring device, and the microseismic monitoring device.

2. As described in claim 1 The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of geological preservation environment is characterized by, The air Concentration monitoring device for air Sensor (4); the air Sensor (4) includes Sensors and wireless terminal devices, the The sensor is used to collect airborne particles. Concentration, the wireless terminal device is used for airborne transmission Data acquired by sensor (4).

3. As described in claim 2 The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of geological preservation environment is characterized by, The air The sensor (4) is 1m-3m away from the ground surface.

4. As described in claim 1 The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of geological preservation environment is characterized by, The groundwater monitoring well (14) is equipped with monitoring sensors, including a groundwater level sensor (8), a water temperature sensor (9), a pH sensor (10), a conductivity sensor (11), a redox potential sensor (12), and a water... Concentration sensor (13).

5. The method according to claim 4 The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of geological preservation environment is characterized by, The groundwater monitoring well (14) is equipped with a groundwater monitoring wellhead protection device (6), which is located directly above the monitoring well and is used to place a data transmission device.

6. The method according to claim 5 The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of geological preservation environment is characterized by, The groundwater monitoring well (14) has the following structural types: single-pipe single-layer structure, single-pipe multi-layer structure, and multi-pipe multi-layer structure. The inner diameter of the monitoring well is 6-20cm.

7. The method according to claim 6 The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of geological preservation environment is characterized by, The groundwater monitoring well monitors a confined aquifer below the unconfined aquifer.

8. The method according to claim 1 The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of geological preservation environment is characterized by, The surface deformation monitoring device is battery-powered.

9. The method according to claim 8 The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of geological preservation environment is characterized by, The tilt range of the surface deformation monitoring device is 0-90°, and the monitoring accuracy is 0.005°.

10. The claim 1 The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of geological preservation environment is characterized by, The microseismic monitoring device is a microseismic detector (16), which includes a three-component seismic detector string, a data transmission cable, and a data acquisition card.

11. The method according to claim 1 The intelligent monitoring device for the integrity of geological preservation environment is characterized by, The data transmission device is a wireless communication data transmission device.

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